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2400MPa 고강도 PC강연선 This presentation can not be distributed or reproduced without permission from POSCO. 포스코 제품이용기술센터 (담당자: 양준모 책임연구원, [email protected] , 032-200-2467)

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Page 1: 2400MPa 고강도 PC강연선choojinsilo.com/Da_pupUp/DownFile.asp?fileNm=160121_A... · Grade 2400MPa strand has 27% larger strength than Grade 1860MPa strand but same performance

2400MPa 고강도 PC강연선

This presentation can not be distributed or reproduced without permission from POSCO.

포스코 제품이용기술센터 (담당자: 양준모 책임연구원, [email protected], 032-200-2467)

Page 2: 2400MPa 고강도 PC강연선choojinsilo.com/Da_pupUp/DownFile.asp?fileNm=160121_A... · Grade 2400MPa strand has 27% larger strength than Grade 1860MPa strand but same performance

2

‘11.3 Revision

Korean Standard (KS D 7002)

2400MPa PC 강연선

Grade 2160 MPa

Grade 2400 MPa

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3

Super Long Span Bridge R&D Program

Government(MLIT)

KAIA

Super Long Span Bridge R&D Center(Korea Expressway Corporation)

7 years (2008.12 ~ 2015.12), 95 billion KRW

1st Core Project

Core Eng. Technology

Seoul National Univ.

3rd Core Project

High Efficiency

Construction Technology

Korea Institute of

Construction Tech.

4th Core Project

Test bed & Operating

Technology

Korea Expressway

Corporation

2009. 5 ~ 2014. 3

(4 years 10 months)

2nd Core Project

High Performance

Material & Application

Technology

POSCO

• 2,100MPa (Φ5.4mm) wire(’12)

• 1,900MPa (Φ7.0mm) wire(’13)

• 2,200MPa (Φ15.7mm) strand(’12)

• 2,400MPa (Φ15.2mm) strand(’11)

High-strength and

high-corrosion

resistant wire & strand

Cable systems

for suspension bridges

Cable systems

for cable-stayed

bridges

Cable performance

qualification system

• 1,960MPa / 2,100MPa (Φ5.4mm)

PPWS cable system

• 2,200MPa (Φ15.7mm)

MS cable system

• 2,400MPa (Φ15.2mm) PT cable system

• Cable performance qualification

system

• Cable test guidelines

2400MPa PC 강연선

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4

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Load

(kN

)

Disp.(mm)

Stress-Strain Curves (five 1860MPa, five 2400MPa Strands)

Stress-Strain Curves

(five 1860MPa, five 2400MPa strands)

Grade 2400MPa strand has 27% larger strength than Grade 1860MPa strand but same performance for other characteristics

Item Diamter

(mm)

Breaking

Strength (kN)

Yield Strength

(kN)

Elongation

(%)

Relaxation

(%)

Fatigue

(Fmax=TS*70%,

△σ=190MPa)

1860MPa

Spec.in KS 15.0~15.6 Min.261 Min.222 Min. 3.5 2.5 2Million

2360MPa

Spec. in KS 15.0~15.6 Min.333 Min.283 Min. 3.5 2.5 2Million

2360MPa

Result 15.4 347.5 321.7 7.5 0.8 Pass

Grade 2400MPa Prestressing Steel Strands

2400MPa PC 강연선

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5

Relaxation Tests

Grade 2400MPa Prestressing Steel Strands

2400MPa Strand

Relaxation 0.87% Relaxation 0.78% Relaxation 0.69%

Initial(kN) 235.04 Initial(kN) 233.1 Initial(kN) 233.26

Time Load(kN) Time Load(kN) Time Load(kN)

1 234.08 0.41% 1 232.43 0.29% 1 232.54 0.31%

3 233.88 0.49% 3 232.31 0.34% 3 232.38 0.38%

5 233.76 0.54% 5 232.17 0.40% 5 232.38 0.38%

10 233.6 0.61% 10 232.1 0.43% 10 232.16 0.47%

30 233.42 0.69% 30 231.97 0.48% 30 232.06 0.51%

50 233.32 0.73% 50 231.86 0.53% 50 232 0.54%

100 233.24 0.77% 100 231.76 0.57% 100 231.92 0.57%

300 233.16 0.80% 300 231.45 0.71% 300 231.8 0.63%

500 233.06 0.84% 500 231.28 0.78% 500 231.74 0.65%

700 233 0.87% 700 231.28 0.78% 700 231.72 0.66%

1000 232.99 0.87% 1000 231.28 0.78% 1000 231.66 0.69%

0.0%

0.2%

0.4%

0.6%

0.8%

1.0%

1.2%

1.4%

1.6%

1.8%

2.0%

0 200 400 600 800 1000

Re

laxa

tio

n

Time (hour)

2,400 MPa strand

1,860 MPa strand

2400MPa PC 강연선

- 시험방법 : 실측 극한강도의 70% 하중 1000시간 유지

하중감소 측정

- 품질기준 : 2.5% 이하 low relaxation strand

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6

1

10

100

0 20 40 60 80 100

Tim

e t

o F

ailu

re (h

ou

r)Failure Probability (%)

2,400 MPa strand

1,860 MPa strand

med. 7.9hr

med. 7.7hr

min. 2.9hr

min. 2.7hr

Stress-Corrosion Tests with Solution A (prEN10138-3: 2009)

‘13.11 Time to failure (Hr)

1 2.7

2 3.3

3 3.7

4 3.7

5 5.3

6 7.7

7 7.7

8 8.6

9 9.5

10 11.2

11 13.2

12 17.2

Min. 2.7 (≥ 2.0)

Med. 7.7 (≥ 5.0)

• Stress corrosion crack(SCC) is the growth of crack formation in

a corrosive environment. It can lead to unexpected sudden

failure of normally ductile metals subjected to a tensile stress

Grade 2400MPa Prestressing Steel Strands

2400MPa PC 강연선

• 시험방법: (1) 하중: 실제 인장강도의 80%(2) 시험용액 (Sol. A) : NH4SCN 수용액(3) 수용액 온도: (50±1)°C(4) 시험체 개수: 6개 이상

• 품질기준: (1) 최소 파단시간: 2시간(2) 파단시간 중앙값 : 5시간

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7

Anchorage Systems for Grade 2400MPa Strands

Development of Anchorage / Anchor head / Wedge for Gr. 2400MPa strands

Performance certification through international testing standard* was completed

- Static / Fatigue / Load transfer / Cryogenic / Ultimate load Tests

< Analysis and test of 30hole anchorage >

< Anchorage / Anchor head >

< Static Test / Fatigue Test >

*ETAG-013: Guideline for European Technical Approval of Post-tensioning Kits for Prestressing of Structures

< Load transfer test > < Ultimate load test >

< Cryogenic Test (-196℃) >

2400MPa PC 강연선

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8

PT 케이블

2400MPa PT 정착시스템

Post-tension Cable

Post-tension Anchorage

200,000 kl 270,000 kl

Gr. 1860 Gr. 2400 Remarks Gr. 1860 Gr. 2400 Remarks

Type and

number of

tendon

19C15.7-108ea

27C15.7-164ea

16C15.2-108ea

22C15.2-76ea

27C15.2-76ea

▲ 24ea

(▲ 4.4%)

27C15.2-180ea

31C15.2-240ea

24C15.2-64ea

31C15.2-258ea

▲ 196ea

(▲ 23.3%)

Distance

of tendon

Horizontal:

0.280~0.900m

Vertical: 1.268m

Horizontal:

0.320~0.900m

Vertical: 1.268m

Increase of

horizontal

tendon

distance

Horizontal:

0.265~1.320m

Vertical: 0.813m

Horizontal:

0.320~1.320m

Vertical: 1.219m

Increase of

horizontal /

vertical tendon

distance

Quantity

of strand 995 ton 781 ton

▲ 214 ton

(▲ 21.5%) 1,819 ton 1,411 ton

▲ 407 ton

(▲ 22.4%)

PSC LNG Storage Tank : Grade 2400MPa vs. Grade 1860MPa

Reduction in the Quantity of Strands : over 20%

Reduction in the Cost of Post-Tensioning : ~15%

(due to reduction in the cost of labor and material

such as strand, anchorage, etc.)

2400MPa PC 강연선

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9

2nd Tae-In Bridge (Extradosed)

- Total length of bridge/Span length between pylons : 210m / 102m

- Application of Grade 2400MPa strand : Longitudinal and transverse(deck) tendon

- Quantity of strand : 24%↓ (185 ton (Gr. 1860) 140 ton (Gr. 2400))

56.5m 102.0m 56.5m

A

A

Section A-A

횡방향 텐던

종방향(캔틸레버) 텐던

종방향(연속화) 텐던

Longitudinal tendon

Longitudinal

tendon

Transverse

tendon

Korean Expressway Corp. adopted Gr. 2400MPa Post-tension system for the

design of new highway bridges

Many bridges are designed and built with 2400MPa PT system in Korea

2400MPa PC 강연선 적용 실적

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10

LPG Storage Tank in Gwangyang POSCO Mill

- Tank capacity (Net) : 50,000 ton

- Inner diameter of concrete dike wall : 69 m

Gr. 1860 Gr. 2400

Horizontal tendons 22hole - 304ea 19hole - 256ea

Vertical tendons 12hole - 144ea 10hole - 144ea

Quantity of PC strand 264 ton 198 ton (25%↓)

Precast Post-Tensioned Bridge Girders

- 200 tons of Gr. 2400MPa strand were applied

to 6 bridges

- Many bridges are designed with 2400MPa strand

Prestressed Ground Anchor for Songsan Under Pass

- To resist hydrostatic uplift

- 8 tons of Gr. 2400MPa strand were applied

Incheon LNG Storage Tanks (#21~#23) were designed with 2400MPa PT system

2400MPa PC 강연선 적용 실적

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11

2400MPa PT적용 LPG/LNG 탱크 상세해석 및 설계지침 개발

- 연구기관 : (사)한국콘크리트학회 프리스트레싱위원회, 포스코

- 연구내용 :

· LNG/LPG 탱크 프리스트레싱 관련 국내외 규정 분석

· 고강도 강연선 적용 시 구조적 영향 해석

· 경제성/공기단축 효과 분석

· Mock-up 시험

· LNG/LPG 탱크 고강도 강연선 설계지침 개발

<2400PT 적용 LNG/LPG탱크 설계지침>

LNG/LPG 탱크 프리스트레싱 관련 국내외 규정 분석

- 주요규정 :

· 미국 : ACI 350, ACI 373, ACI 376

· 유럽 : EN 14620(Part 3), EN 1991(Part 4), EN 1992(Part 1-1, 1-2, 3)

· 일본 : LNG地上式貯槽指針, 貯水用円筒形PCタソク設計施工規凖

- 주요내용 :

· 일반적인 프리스트레스트 콘크리트 구조물의 설계 및 시공 방법과 유사

· 한계상태설계법(LSD, Limit State Design) 적용

· 최대 중심간격 규정 : (ACI373) 원환텐던은 벽체두께의 3배 이하, 수직텐던은 4배 이하

(일본 貯水用円筒形PCタソク設計施工規凖) 원환텐던은 벽체두께의 5배 이하, 수직텐던은 3배 이하

2400MPa PT적용 LPG/LNG 탱크 설계지침 (KCI)

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12

고강도 강연선 적용 시 구조적 영향 해석

- LNG/LPG탱크 외조에 2400PT 적용할 때 수직텐던, 원환텐던 배치간격에 따른 구조적 영향 분석

- 원환텐던 :

· 텐던 수직간격 0.2~1.8m 변화 해석

· 콘크리트 벽체에 도입되는 접선방향 압축응력의 차이가 0.3% 수준 이내로 균등하게 도입

- 수직텐던 :

· 텐던 수평간격 0.5~3.5m 변화 해석

· 정착구에서의 하중은 45° 보다 큰 63° 분포, 이때, 압축응력 차이는 0.5% 수준 이내

- 2400PT 적용시 텐던의 배치 간격을 현행 설계예 보다 넓힐 수 있음

<원환텐던 접선방향 응력해석 결과> <수직텐던 응력해석 결과>

2400MPa PT적용 LPG/LNG 탱크 설계지침 (KCI)

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13

경제성/공기단축 효과 분석

- 텐던 중심간격 조정에 따른 경제성 약 15% 확보 가능

Mock-up 시험 (두께 750mm, 폭 4mm, 길이 7m 벽체 긴장시험)

- 텐던간격 변수해석 결과 검증 및 시공성 (31C15.2, 약850톤(=0.8fpu=0.94fpy)) 검증

- 도입 압축응력 크기가 해석치와 유사 2400PT 31hole 설계/시공 가능

강연선 및

텐던

20만 kl 27만 kl

1,860MPa 2,400MPa 모의 2,400MPa 수정 1,860MPa 2,400MPa 모의 2,400MPa 수정

원환텐던 27C15.7 - 164ea

22/27C15.2 - 152ea

27C15.7 - 116ea

31C15.2 - 240ea

24/31C15.2 - 202ea

31C15.2 - 168ea

원환텐던 배치간격

0.280 ~0.900m

0.320 ~0.900m

0.365 ~1.170m

0.265 ~1.320m

0.320 ~1.320m

0.345 ~1.715m

경제성 100% 약 96% 약 85% 100% 약 89% 약 85%

<Mock-up 시험체 평면도> <Mock-up 시험 전경> <Mock-up 시험체 해석값/시험값 비교>

2400MPa PT적용 LPG/LNG 탱크 설계지침 (KCI)

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14

앵커헤드, 쐐기, 정착구, 구속철근으로 구성되며, 다음 품질기준을 만족하여야 함

(1) 정하중성능; (2) 하중전달성능; (3) 극저온성능

LNG탱크용 2400MPa PT 정착장치 품질 기준

LNG탱크용 2400MPa PT 정착장치

*KCI-PS101: PSC 텐던 정착장치 및 접속장치의 성능 시험 방법 **ETAG-013: Guideline for European Technical Approval of Post-tensioning

Kits for Prestressing of Structures

정하중 시험 (KCI-PS101*, ETAG013**)

품질기준 :

(1) 최대하중 : 실측 극한하중의 95% 이상

(2) 최대 하중에서 측정된 자유장에서 강연선의 총 신장량 : 최소 2%

<긴장력 도입단계> <웻지와 덴던에서의 변위 측정 위치>

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15

하중전달시험 (KCI-PS101, ETAG013)

시험방법 : 공칭극한하중(Fpk) 80% 도입 하중감소 (20% Fpk)

10회 이상 반복하중 재하 (20% Fpk ~ 80% Fpk) 파괴까지 하중 재하

<하중가력곡선>

품질기준 :

(1) 최대하중 : 공칭 극한하중의 110% 이상

(2) 반복가력 중 최초 0.8Fpk / 마지막 0.12Fpk / 마지막 0.8Fpk 하중시 콘크리트 균열폭

: 최대 0.15mm / 0.15mm / 0.25mm

<하중전달시험 전경>

LNG탱크용 2400MPa PT 정착장치 품질 기준

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16

극저온시험 (ETAG013)

시험방법 : 공칭극한하중(Fpk) 80% 도입 및 하중 1시간 유지 액체질소 주입, -196℃ 시험체 냉각

10회 반복하중 재하 (공칭항복하중 80% ~ 100%) 텐던 파단까지 하중 재하

품질기준 :

(1) 최대하중 : 실측 극한하중의 95% 이상

(2) 시험종료 후 : 정착장치의 파괴 없어야 함

<극저온시험 전경>

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

0 50 100 150 200

Load

(kN

)

Deformation (mm)

<22hole 정착구 극저온시험 결과*>

<긴장력 도입 및 온도이력 곡선>

*파단하중 : 7,376kN > 95% AUTS : 7,273kN

LNG탱크용 2400MPa PT 정착장치 품질 기준