24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 1

The EU farm structure surveys from 2010 onwards

Hubert Charlier hubert.charlier@ec.europa.eu

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 2

A new Regulation concerning the agricultural census 2010

Under discussion over the past 3 years and still to be adopted by the European Parliament and Council.

The main deal is

+ Increasing the list of items to cope with new needs

- Reducing the frequency of the intermediate Farm Structure Surveys

- Modular approach

- Using administrative sources

+/- Sampling (limited)

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 3

The new Regulation is organizing

The agricultural census 2010

The SAPM 2010 (Survey on Agricultural Production Methods)

The FSS 2013 and 2016 (Farm Structure Sample Surveys)

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 4

Census 2010A rebalanced list of characteristics

To better meet agri-environment, sustainable development and food safety concerns– Information on organic farming, GMOs, energy crops– Equipment for renewable energy– A separate module on production methods

To monitor the EU rural development policy– Benefits from rural development measures– Non agricultural gainful activities of the farmers

(diversification)

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 5

List of characteristics

1. Location, type of tenure, farming system (EC certified of which organic farming)

2. Land (in particular irrigation, GMOs, energy crops)

3. Livestock

4. Equipment for renewable energy production

5. Labour force

6. Other gainful activities of the holding

7. Support for rural development

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Other innovations

Coverage Georeference Use of administrative sources Precision

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Coverage

Holdings

> 1 ha

>= 98% of UAA and livestock

>= physical thresholds

Activities with low prevalence

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Physical thresholdsCharacteristics Threshold

Utilised agricultural area 5 ha

Permanent outdoor crops 1 ha

Other intensive production - Fresh vegetables - Tobacco - Hops - Cotton

0.5 ha

Crops under glass 0.1 ha

Bovine animals 10 Heads

PigsBreeding sows

50 Heads

10 Heads

Sheep 20 Heads

Goats 20 Heads

Poultry 1000 Heads

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 9

Number of holdings per Member State in 2005

CountryTotal number of holdings (1000)

% holdings under physical thresholds

CountryTotal number of holdings (1000)

% holdings under physical thresholds

EU27 14 479 41 % LT 253 50 %

BE 52 14 % LU 2 13 %

BG 535 88 % HU 715 86 %

CZ 42 47 % MT 11 85 %

DK 48 1 % NL 82 11 %

DE 390 15 % AT 171 27 %

EE 28 42 % PL 2 476 68 %

IE 133 4 % PT 324 48 %

EL 834 37 % RO 4 256 88 %

ES 1 079 20 % SI 77 53 %

FR 567 18 % SK 68 88 %

IT 1 729 49 % FI 71 7 %

CY 45 60 % SE 76 12 %

LV 129 46 % UK 287 31 %

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 10

Georeference

To overcome the instability of the regional or municipality codes

Because data is required for input to GIS so that it can be overlaid with any other spatial data

Direct identification problem– If a latitude and longitude location contains only one

agricultural holding, then the holding shall be attributed to a neighbouring location, so that at least two holdings are attributed to a given location

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Use of administrative sources

Not only allowed !

Promoted– To reduce the burden on farmers – For quality reasons

Transmission deadlines extended from 15 to 18 months

To be documented

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A module on agricultural production methodslinked to the Agricultural Census 2010

Reference period = 2010 Quite ‘new’ characteristics May be a sample survey Separate sub-samples are allowed Micro-data to be combined with census data Data to be provided by 31.12.2012

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Survey on agricultural production methods (SAPM) List of characteristics

Tillage methods Soil conservation, actions against erosion and nutrient

leaching Landscape features Animal grazing Animal housing Nutrients Manure storage and treatment facilities Plant protection Irrigation (volume of water used ?)

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 14

SAPM list of characteristics

CharacteristicUnits/

Categories

Tillage methods Conventional tillage (mouldboard plough or disc plough) ha

Conservation tillage (low tillage) ha

Zero tillage (direct seeding) ha

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SAPM list of characteristics

CharacteristicUnits/

Categories

Soil conservation, actions against erosion and nutrient leaching

Soil cover in winter Normal winter crop ha

Cover crop or intermediate crop ha

Plant residues ha

Bare soil ha

Crop rotation Arable area out of planned crop rotation

ha

Anti-erosion measures for arable land and permanent crops

Terraces Yes/No

Contour farming or herring bone farming

Yes/No

Permanently vegetated ditches or strips

Yes/No

Other anti-erosion measures Yes/No

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SAPM list of characteristics

CharacteristicUnits/

Categories

Landscape features

Linear elements maintained by farmer during the last 3 years, of which:

Hedges Yes/No

Tree lines Yes/No

Stonewalls Yes/No

Linear elements established during the last 3 years, of which:

Hedges Yes/No

Tree lines Yes/No

Stonewalls Yes/No

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SAPM list of characteristics

CharacteristicUnits/

Categories

Animal grazing Grazing on the holding

Area grazed during the last year ha

Amount of time when animals are outdoors on pasture

Months per year

Amount of time when animals are outdoors on bare soil or hard standing

Months per year

Common land grazing

Total number of animals grazing on common land

Heads

Amount of time when animals are grazing on common land

Months per year

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 18

SAPM list of characteristics

CharacteristicUnits/

Categories

Animal housing Cattle Conventional stable (stanchion-tied stalls) Places

On partially slatted floors Places

On completely slatted floors Places

On straw beds (deep litter-loose housing) Places

Other Places

Pigs On partially slatted floors Places

On completely slatted floors Places

On straw beds (deep litter-loose housing) Places

Other Places

Laying hens On straw beds (deep litter-loose housing) Places

Battery cage (all types) Places

Battery cage with manure belt Places

Battery cage with deep pit Places

Battery cage with stilt house Places

Other Places

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 19

SAPM list of characteristics

CharacteristicUnits/

Categories

Nutrients Basis for decision on the use of nutrients

Soil tests (carried out at least once during the last 3 years)

Yes/No

Manure application techniques

Application of solid / farmyard manure

ha

Of which: with immediate incorporation

ha

Application of slurry Total area ha

Of which: with immediate incorporation or injection

ha

Percentage of the total produced manure exported from the holding

%

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SAPM list of characteristics

CharacteristicUnits/

Categories

Manure storage and treatment facilities

Storage facilities forManure application techniques

Solid dung Yes/No

Liquid manure Yes/No

[…] […]

Slurry: tank Yes/No

Slurry: lagoon Yes/No

Are the storage facilities covered ?

Solid dung Yes/No

Liquid manure Yes / No

Slurry Yes / No

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 21

SAPM list of characteristics

CharacteristicUnits/

Categories

Plant protection Type of plant protection methods applied

Physical / mechanical Yes/No

Biological Yes/No

Chemical (preventive and curative)

Yes/No

Area on which the methods of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) are applied

Total ha

[…] […]

[…] […] […]

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 22

SAPM list of characteristics

CharacteristicUnits/

Categories

Irrigation (1) Irrigated area Average irrigated area the last three years

ha

Total cultivated area irrigated at least once during the previous 12 months

Total ha

Creals for the production of grain (excluding maize and rice)

ha

Maize (grain and green ha

Rice ha

Pulses ha

Potatoes ha

Sugar beet ha

Rape and turnip rape ha

Sunflower ha

Textile crops (flax, hemp, other textile crops)

ha

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 23

SAPM list of characteristics

CharacteristicUnits/

Categories

Irrigation (2) Total cultivated area irrigated at least once during the previous 12 months

Fresh vegetables, melons, strawberries-open field

ha

Temporary and permanent grass ha

Other crops on arable land ha

Fruit and berry plantations ha

Citrus plantations ha

Olive plantations ha

Vineyards ha

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 24

SAPM list of characteristics

CharacteristicUnits/

Categories

Irrigation (3) Irrigation methods employed

Surface irrigation (flooding, furrows)

Yes/No

Sprinkler irrigation Yes/No

Drop irrigation Yes/No

Source of irrigation water used on the holding

On farm ground water Yes/No

On-farm surface water (ponds or dams)

Yes/No

Off-farm surface water from lakes, rivers or watercourses

Yes/No

Off-farm water from common water supply networks

Yes/No

Other sources Yes/No

Volume of water used for irrigation per year M3 per year

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 25

Precision categories for FSS 2010 and SAPM

Crop characteristics:– Cereals for the production of grain (including seed), comprising

common wheat and spelt, durum wheat, rye, barley, oats, grain maize, rice and other cereals for the production of grain;

– Potatoes (including early potatoes and seed potatoes) and sugar beet (excluding seeds);

– Oilseed crops comprising rape, turnip rape, sunflower, soya, linseed (oil flax) and other oil seed crops;

– Permanent outdoor crops comprising fruit, berry, citrus and olive plantations, vineyards, nurseries and other permanent outdoor crops;

– Fresh vegetables, melons, strawberries, flowers and ornamental plants (excluding nurseries);

– Temporary grass and permanent pasture and meadow

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 26

Precision categories for FSS 2010 and SAPM

Livestock characteristics:

– Bovine animals (all ages); – Sheep and goats (all ages);– Pigs– Poultry

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 27

Precision table for NUTS 2 regions with at least 10 000 agricultural holdings

Precisioncategories

Farm structure surveys 2013 and 2016

Survey on Agricultural Production Methods

Prevalence of the characteristic

in the NUTS 2 region

RelativeStandard

error

Prevalence of the characteristic

in the NUTS 2 region

RelativeStandard

error

Crop characteristicsof the

agricultural holding

7.5% or moreof the utilised

agricultural area< 5%

10% or more of the utilised

agricultural area< 10%

Livestock characteristicsof the

agricultural holding

7.5% or moreof the

livestock units< 5%

10% or moreof the

livestock units< 10%

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 28

Precision table applicable when a NUTS 2 region has fewer than 10 000 agricultural holdings

Precisioncategories

Farm structure surveys 2013 and 2016

Survey on Agricultural Production Methods

Prevalence of the characteristicin the associated

NUTS 1 regionwith at least

1000 holdings

RelativeStandard

error

Prevalence of the characteristicin the associated

NUTS 1 regionwith at least

1000 holdings

RelativeStandard

error

Crop characteristicsof the

agricultural holding

7.5% or moreof the utilised

agricultural area< 5%

10% or more of the utilised

agricultural area < 10%

Livestock characteristicsof the

agricultural holding

7.5% or moreof the

livestock units< 5%

10% or moreof the

livestock units< 10%

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 29

In line with FAO recommendations ?

Concepts and definitions Reference period Holding’s location Modular approach Items in the core module Items in the supplementary modules

24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 30

Thank you for your attention

Hubert Charlier

hubert.charlier@ec.europa.eu