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Alcatel University - 8AS 90125 0216 VT ZZA Ed.01 Page 2

Introduction to the Alcatel GSM Network

1 Introduction

2 General Specifcation

3 Services Provided

4 Radio Interace

! Interchan"es over the Network

# Alcatel$s Solution

Appendi%

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Introduction&ontents

1'1 GSM ())* 1+))* 1())

1'2 ,istor- o &ellular Networks

1'3 .i/its o GSM S-ste/s

1'4 0verview o &urrent Standards

1'! GSM e-ates

1'# International A"ree/ents 5Me/orandu/ 06nderstandin"5

1'7 &ontri8ution o GSM Standard

1'+ 9ro/ 2G to 3G

1'( &ontents o 3GPP 5Reco//endations5

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Introduction1'1 GSM ())* 1+))* 1())

GSM Global System for Mobile communication Pan-European standard for communication with mobiles, already

adopted by more than 400 operators in 173 countries and now theworld-wide reference for mobile radio networks. ince 1!!" #phase$%, this standard harmoni&es the !00 ()& *( system and the 1+00or 1!00 ()& iital ellular ystems #%.

GSM ())

$ / $" ()& freuency bands around !00 ()&. #e/tended $ / 3"()&%

GSM 1+))

$ / 7" ()& freuency bands around 1+00 ()&.

GSM 1()) :2orth and outh merican ariant of the *( 1+00%

$ / 7" ()& freuency bands around 1!00 ()&.

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Introduction1'2 ,istor- o &ellular Networks

Mo8ile network 5Prehistor-5 1946:St Louis (Missouri

19!" # $": %&'L (S)it*erlan+

1st Generation Analo"ue cellular networks

19!9: ,-icago: &MPS

19$1: S)e+en: %M'

19$5: ./: '&,S

2ndGeneration i"ital networks

1992: uro0e: SM

1995: .S: S95 (,M&

3rdGeneration 6niversal:;< Standards

2""1: a0an M'#2""": .M'S

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Introduction1'3 .i/its o GSM s-ste/s

pu8lic

residential

o=ce PA>?

PA>?

S/all &ells Mediu/&ells .ar"e &ells

GSM

PS@NPS@N PS@N

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Alcatel University - 8AS 90125 0216 VT ZZA Ed.01 Page $

Standard &@2 GSM &S &@ IS(!S-ste/ t-pe cor+less cellular cellular cor+lesssatellite

9reBuenc-8and :M,C< $64 # $6$ $9" # 915 ( 1!1" #1!$5 ( 1$$"#19"" 161" #16265 ( 935 # 96" ( 1$"5#1$$" ( 24$35 #25"" (

&o//ercialPointel range 7ouygues igital lobalstarna/es 7i#bo0 S8 'elecom +omestic

cor+lesstele0-ones ,om0anymobiles

Introduction1'4 0verview o current standards

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Introduction1'! GSM ke- dates

1(7( orl+ &+ministrati;e a+iocommunications ,onference(&, : 9"" Mrou0e S0?cial Mobile> )it-in,P' (Post @ 'elecom uro0ean ,onference

1(+# ,reation of a SM > Stan+ing ,ommittee B,%' Paris : ,om0arati;e trials of $ 0rototy0es

1(+7 >7roa+ &;enue> : ,-oice of main tec-niCues:Me+ium 7an+ # igital 'ransmission D 16 =bitEs # $ F 'ime#

+i;ision multi0leFingG subseCuent +e;elo0ment to 16 F # Slo)freCuency -o00ing

1(+++( SM ta=en o;er by 'S8irst 0ublication of t-e (raft >recommen+ations>

1(() 7eginning of stu+ies for a+a0tation to 1$"" MP-ase 1> recommen+ations IFe+ (SMG t-en ,S8irst SM 0rototy0es in ser;ice ('?l?comH91 ene;a

1((2 8irst commercial SM net)or=s 0lace+ in ser;ice

1((! >P-ase 2> recommen+ations issue+ (u0)ar+ com0atibility

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Alcatel University - 8AS 90125 0216 VT ZZA Ed.01 Page 1"

GSM Mo6 Me/orandu/ o understandin"

si"ned in 1(+7 8etween europeanoperators

1((1 acceptation o noneuropeansi"natories :6A* ,on" on"*New Dealand* Australia@S

Gs

GGr

Gn

Gn

Gc SS7

GSM Packetswitchin"

:GPRSSSGP

>SSwithP&6

>SSwithP&6

,.R IR

ataNetwork

SGSN

GGSN

SGSN MS&

G l S if ti

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General Specifcations2'4 Position o @ranscodin" 6nit :@RA6earer Services

@eleservice'ransmission ca0ability inclu+ing terminals an+ a00lications

>earer Service'ransmission ca0ability bet)een +eIne+ userInteraces

@ransparent and Non@ransparent Services and >earer Services @ransparent 8iFe+ rateG no o) control: fast but -ig- error ratio

Non@ransparent LP a++e+: lo) error ratioG slo)er transmission

GSM

P.MNI9 I9

@ransitnetwork*

i an-

@er/inatin"

network

@ K @er/inal Buip/ent I9 K Interorkin" 9unction

@eleservices

>earer services

@

@

...

...

Services Provided

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Services Provided3'1'2 &ate"ories o @eleservices

Loice Services

'ele0-ony

mergency ,alls

Koice ,all rou0s (rou0s of mobiles s-aring limite+ ra+io resources

(Koice Messaging: not i+entiIe+ by t-e SM as a s0eciIc ser;ice

Short Messa"e Services :SMS

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Services Provided

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Alcatel University - 8AS 90125 0216 VT ZZA Ed.01 Page 3$

Services Provided3'1'4 @eleservices ata trans/ission in circuit /ode

IGI@A. radio trans/ission KK 9A? adapter unction :includin" audio /ode/ @3) unctionsea+y>>Stan+#by>

4'1'3 MS status

Packet Switchin" Mode :GPRSurst

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4'2'3 Ph-sical &hannels the Nor/al >urst

@rainin" SeBuences + diFerent 8it patterns* chosen so that

@he- are easil- reco"niCa8le :ver- accurate autocorrelationunction@S

MS

Pres-nchroniCed

>@S'F

F

'F

FMS1

@S i

@S i

'& measure+ by 7'S

&ccess 7urstfor)ar+ 0ro0agation time

>@S'F

F

'F

FMS1

@S i

@S i

:ater @A< @A

for)ar+ 0ro0agation time

return 0ro0agation time

Radio Interace4'3'! Su8scri8er Pa"in"

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@he Network knows the .0&A@I0N ARA :.A< in which the /o8ile istravellin"'An .A can cover /ore than one cell'

@he P&, channel is used to si"nal a &all to a /o8ile'@he sa/e 5Pa"in"5 /essa"e is trans/itted to all cells in the area

:shaded areas a8oveS&

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Radio Interace%ercise

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Alcatel University - 8AS 90125 0216 VT ZZA Ed.01 Page !$

At a precise ti/e* a XsnapshotV o one cell is the ollowin"

14 MS are in co//unication with su8scri8ers in the f%ed network 7 MS have started a location updatin" procedure and are waitin"

or the answer o the L.R

2 MS are receivin" an SMS:8ut the- have not esta8lished a XspeechV callSS J NSS Protocols and Sotware Modules 521 eneral

522 a+io nterface (.m : Layer 3 : >L 3> 0rotocol

523 PS 0rotocols

!'3 @-pical SeBuence or an 0ri"inatin" &all !'4 .evel 3 GSM Procedures

541 Setting u0 t-e ra+io connection

542 Security 8unctions

543 Mobile riginating ,all (M

544 Mobile 'erminating ,all (M'

545 Fam0le of an nternational ,all 546 Location .0+ating

54! ,-ange of ,ell +uring t-e ,all (>

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Interchan"es over the Network!'1'2 GSM nu/8er and identities Mo8ile Buip/ent

identifcation

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Alcatel University - 8AS 90125 0216 VT ZZA Ed.01 Page $2

IMI J IMISL

, International Mobile Duipment Identity 1

@A& 9A& SNR SP

@-pe Approval &ode9inal Asse/8l- &ode

Serial Nu/8eR

:SPareSS J NSS Protocols and Sotware Modules GPRS

protocols

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P %et)or=7SS

SS%

MS1

S%1

S%2

P%1

P%2

LL,

'LL1

&ttac-ment

'2

'P

'1

0ening

Session(s

PS o0eration: basic 0roce+ures

T##$ % Te&'(rary #()ical #in* $dentity

T$+ % T,nnel $dentity

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Interchan"es over the Network!'2'3 >SS J NSS Protocols and Sotware Modules GPRS

Protocols

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G@PSN&P SN&P

>SSGP

..&

MS 7SS SS% S%

.m n

Layer Mo+el for 'ransmission 0lan (PS

relay

.1 8is

9ra/eRela-

.1

.2

.1

.2

Ph-sical .a-er

MA&

.1 8is

9ra/eRela-

Ph-sical .a-er

MA&

R.&

..&

b

G@P

IP

6P

@&P

IP J?2!

Appli

7SSP

L,IP

6P

@&P

IP J?2!

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Interchan"es over the Network!'4'1 .evel 3 GSM procedures Settin" up the radio

connection

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%)CC$ 7@

MM &M\SRLI& R6S@

%)CC$ 7@

>'C$

MS&,ANN. R6S@

IMMIA@ ASSIGN'

>@S >S& MS&

6/ A 8is A

&,ANN. R6IR

'%%I(7MD7T of an%)CC$ Channel

&,ANN. A&@IL'

'CTIA'TI57 of

Channel indicated&,ANN. A&@IL' A&

'(C$

C577DCTI57 to the%)CC$ Channel

%)CC$%'BM S@A>.IS, INI&'

S&&P &0NN&@ R6S@

S&&P &0NN&@ &0N9IRM

'31"1

'91"5

IMM' ASSIGN' &M

>>

>>

MM &M\SRLI& R6S@

>>

BT%M

BT%M

BT%M

%)CC$ '

MM &M\SRLI& R6S@

MM &M\SRLI& R6S@

...

...

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Interchan"es over the Network!'4'2 .evel 3 GSM procedures Securit- 9unctions

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SIM card

A3

Au&Radio &hannel

A+

i i

Rando/ nu/8er selection

A3

A+

A3 A3

A+A+

A!A!

K ;

IdentiGcation key ,+.< bits1

>'7) ,+.< bits1

>'7)

%igned ref0 ,/. bits1 %>D% %>D%

Cipher command

59

9c : Cipherkeyfor the call ,24 bits1

9c

%peech - )ata - %ignalling %peech - )ata - %ignallingCiphered data

&ipherin"Jecipherin" &ipherin"Jecipherin"

>@S

A!A!

...

...

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Interchan"es over the Network!'4'3 .evel 3 GSM procedures Mo8ile 0ri"inatin" &all

GSMN t k

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M0>I.

&,ANN. R6S@IMMIA@ ASSIGNMN@

&M SRLI& R6S@

A6@,N@I&A@I0N

&IP,RING

S@ 6P

ASSIGNMN@ &MASSIGNMN@ &0M

A.R@ING

&0NN&@&0NN&@ A&

LA Ler- arl- Assi"n/ent

&A.. &0N9IRMA@I0N

&A.. A&&P@

or S@ 6P i LA


1J2 0A&S6


0A&S6 co/plete

Immediate assignment of a TC$ :7o authentication or ciphering,%ignalling carried on #'CC$1

A arl- Assi"n/ent TC$ allocated BD#5>D call conGrmation

omitte+ if K&

TC$ allocated after called party ringing

TC$ allocated after called party anser

...

...

NetworkPS@N or ISN

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Interchan"es over the Network!'4'3 .evel 3 GSM procedures Mo8ile 0ri"inatin" &all

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5H-hooking

Called 0 ringing

ConnectConnect

'lerting

'ssign0 compl0'ssign0 compl0

A@A R6S@

MS >@S >S& MS&JL.R

6/ A 8is A

A.R@ING

A@A INI&A@I0N

S&&P A@A

S&&P A@AASSIGNMN@ &0MP.'

R9 &,ANN. R.'

S&&P A@A

#'CC$SA>M

6AS@A>.IS, INI&'

R9 &,ANN. R.' A&

A@A R6S@&0NN&@S&&P A@A

A&M

ANM

A@A IN'&0NN&@ A& Connect

'ck

&0NLRSA@I0N P,AS

'lerting

Connect'ck

...

...

PS@N or ISN

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Interchan"es over the Network!'4'4 .evel 3 GSM procedures Mo8ile @er/inatin" &all

GSMNetwork

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M0>I.

&,ANN. R6S@IMMIA@ ASSIGNMN@

PAGING RS6.@

A6@,N@I&A@I0N R6S@

A6@,N@I&A@I0N RSP0NS

&IP,RING M0 &M&IP,RING M0 &0MP.@

S@ 6P

&A.. &0N9IRM


A.R@ING

&0NN&@&0NN&@ A&

S@6P o anRR &0NN&@I0N :M@@S 1 >S& MS&

.m & bis

S&&P A@A

A@A R6S@

A@A INI&A@I0N

$ando?er Cmd

$050 erformed$ando?er0 compl0

>@S 2

:R.AS R6S@>

#'CC$

%'CC$

%'CC$

#'CC$

:oldS& MS& L.R ,.R

&ollectin" the /easure/ents

Processin" the /easure/ents

&andidate &ell valuation

ecision to hand the MS

over the new cell ,andover %ecution

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Appendi%A88reviations and Acron-/s

8 8ull ate (SM 'S

8 8rame elay ('elecom

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8% 8rame elay ata %et)or= ('elecom

8. 8rame .nit (7'S

8 8irm)are

, rou0 ,all egister

S% ate)ay PS Su00ort %o+e (PS

MM PS Mobility Management (PS

MS, ate)ay Mobile S)itc-ing ,enter

PS eneral Pac=et a+io Ser;iceP. PS Pac=et .nit

S#1 rou0 S)itc- of stage 1 (7S,

S#2 rou0 S)itc- of stage 2 (7S,

SL PS Signalling Lin=

SM lobal System for Mobile ,ommunications

SM 'S SM 'ec-nical S0eciIcation

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M&% Metro0olitan &rea %et)or=

M&% Micro7'S &ntenna %et)or= (7'S

M,7 Multi0leF ,-annel 7loc=

M8S Multi#7SS 8ast Pac=et Ser;er (PS

ML. Massi;e Logical .0+ate

MM Man Mac-ine nterface

M Manage+ b[ect (@M

MS Mobile StationMS, Mobile S)itc-ing ,enter

MS.M Micro7'S Station .nit Mo+ule (7'S

%M %on Mas=able nterru0t

%P& %et)or= Performance &nalyser

%SS %et)or= SubSystem

%'L %et)or= 'ermination Line

% %et)or=

, riginating ,all

M, n eman+ Measurement ,am0aign(@M

@M 0eration an+ Maintenance

M, 0eration an+ Maintenance ,enter

M,# 0eration an+ Maintenance ,enter #a+io

ML 0eration an+ Maintenance Lin=

M. 0eration an+ Maintenance .nit (7'S

S 0erating System

.' ut+oor (7'S

P7& Printe+ 7oar+ &ssembly

P7,,< Pac=et 7roa+cast ,ommon ,ontrol,

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P,. Pac=et ,ontrol .nit (PS

P,< Pac=et ata ,

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FXual ecei;e+ Xuality

S&,,< Slo) &ssociate+ ,ontrol ,-annel(SM 'S

S&. Subrac= assembly unit (7S,

S, Su0er;ise+ ,onIguration (@M

S,, Serial ,ommunication ,ontroller

S,P Ser;ice ,ontrol Point

S,,P Signalling ,onnection ,ontrol Part

S,S Small ,om0uter Systems nterface

S,,< Stan+alone e+icate+ ,ontrol ,-annel(SM 'S

S. Ser;ice ata .nit (generic terminology

SS% Ser;ing PS Su00ort %o+e (PS

S& S,S nterface Ftension &

SMS S-ort Message Ser;ice

SMS#,7 S-ort Message Ser;ice # ,ell 7roa+cast

SM#MS, S-ort Message ate)ay Mobile S)itc-in,enter

S&M Static &M

SS Subate S)itc-

SS! Signalling System '.#' %]! (eF ,,''

SS Soli+ State is=

SSP Ser;ice S)itc-ing Point

S Soft)are

SL S)itc- lement

'78 'em0orary 7loc= 8lo) (PS

'&8 'erminal &+a0tor 8unction

Appendi%A88reviations and Acron-/s

', 'ransco+er

', 'erminating ,all

',, 'run= ,ontroller ,-i0

'O 'ranscei;er

'S 'ime Slot

'S 'ec-nical S0eciIcation (SM 'S

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',, 'run= ,ontroller ,-i0

',< 'raTc ,

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