2.1 residential area development: characteristics and basics

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PL3119Residential Site Planning Studio

2.1 Residential Area Development: Characteristics and Basics

SEKOLAH ARSITEKTUR, PERENCANAAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN KEBIJAKANINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

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1. Residential Site Definition

2. Goals and Functions

3. Elements of Residential Site

4. Concerns and Understanding Residential Planning

5. Components and Housing Types

SEGMENT

Students are able to:

• explain the the basics, components and characteristics of residential development

OBJECTIVES


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Settlement

People Environment

Natural Built


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Definitions

Human settlement

– A place where people establish a community (Concise Oxford Dictionary -10th edition)

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Definitions

Residential Area:– Land use where residential buildings are

dominant

– May include multiple house types and densities

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Some problems:• quite large tracts, no services→ trip to town for basic

needs -→ large distances→motor vehicle.

• The set forth development with restrictive covenantsand deeds is not easily changed as the agreement of all property owners (many of whom may not live in the area) must be obtained to effect a change.

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restrictive_covenant

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deed

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Definitions• Housing (perumahan)

– 1. accommodation– 2. provision of accommodation

• Housing development(pengembangan perumahan)– area of houses

• Housing estates/real estate– planned area of housing

Microsoft® Encarta® Reference Library 2005. © 1993-2004 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

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Perumahan :“...kumpulan rumah sebagai bagian dari permukiman, baik perkotaanmaupun perdesaan, yang dilengkapi dengan prasarana, sarana, dan utilitasumum sebagai hasil upaya pemenuhan rumah yang layak huni” (UU No.

1/2011 ps. 1 angka 2)

“... Kelompok rumah yang berfungsi sebagai lingkungan tempattinggal atau lingkungan hunian yang dilengkapi dengan prasaranadan sarana lingkungan” (SNI 03-1733-2004 Tata Cara Perencanaan Lingkungan

Perumahan di Perkotaan)

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Definitions

• House (n):– a building for human habitation. Ø chiefly

Scottish a dwelling that is one of several in a building. Ø a building in which animals live or in which things are kept.

– 2 a building in which people meet for a particular activity. Ø a firm or institution: a fashion house. Ø (the House) Brit. informalthe Stock Exchange. Ø a restaurant or inn.

• House (v)– 1 provide with shelter or accommodation.

(Concise Oxford Dictionary -10th edition)

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Rumah adalah bangunan gedung yang berfungsi sebagai tempat tinggal yang layak huni, sarana pembinaan keluarga, cerminan harkat dan martabat penghuninya, serta aset bagi pemiliknya (UU No. 1/2011 ps. 1 angka 7)

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2. Goals and Functions3. Elements of Residential Site



SEGMENT



OBJECTIVES


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“..to meet housing need as one of human basic

needs to realize a decent house in a healthy, safe,

harmonious, and well-planned neighborhood.”

(UU No.1/2011)

Residential Development Goal

Perencanaan dan perancangan rumah dilakukan untuk:a. menciptakan rumah yang layak

huni;

b. mendukung upaya pemenuhan kebutuhan rumah oleh masyarakat dan pemerintah; dan

c. meningkatkan tata bangunan dan lingkungan yang terstruktur.

(UU No. 1/2011, ps. 24)


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Nonconforming to city plan Very high density Very low building quality

Substandard and sensitive infrastructure Endanger the life and the living of its residents

UU No. 1/2012 ps. 1:13. Permukiman kumuh adalah

permukiman yang tidak layak huni karena ketidakteraturan bangunan, tingkat kepadatan bangunan yang tinggi, dan kualitas bangunan serta sarana dan prasarana yang tidak memenuhi syarat.

14. Perumahan kumuh adalah perumahan yang mengalami penurunan kualitas fungsi sebagai tempat hunian.


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Social:– A place to live in– A place for interaction with– A place for a comfortable life


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Physical Environment:– Protection from climate– Protection from basic physical

environment (topography, geology, etc)

– Availability of building material


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Built Environment:– Economic– Business/trade– Socio-political and religious power


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SEGMENT



OBJECTIVES


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Residential Elements

1. Physical• Capacity to

accommodate residents

• Activity to do

• Taxes paid

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2. Location • Linkage with other

activities• Quality of a place /

neighborhood

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3.Status •Opinion / respect of

society

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4. Healthy • light, ventilation, water supply,

drainage, sewerage, solid waste disposal


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5. Strong Construction/Reliable• Support its own weight, stand from

external factor (wind, rain, earthquake, flood, etc), easy to maintain, fireproof, waterproof


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6. Comfortable• Adequate space, proper size of

room for activities, good interior, decoration, color, and yard.


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Main Functions of a House

The satisfaction of fundamental

physiological needs

Protection against communicable

diseases

Protection against accidents


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SEGMENT



OBJECTIVES


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Concerns in Residential Development

Health, safety and

welfareFinance

Economic impact

National goals

Hasil perencanaan danperancangan rumah harusmemenuhi persyaratanteknis, administratif, tataruang, dan ekologis.

(UU No. 1/2011, ps. 26(1))


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Planners Involvement

Development of new

residential area

Housing preservation

Provision of affordable

housing


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Understanding Residential Area Development

Look at various aspects separately and learn the relationship in forming unity

Separate the function(s) from the structure(s)

Functions (Living, working, playing)


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Example of Residential Area Context

Human Environment

• Residents• Guests/visitors• Through traffic

Residential Area

• Socio-economic factor• Physical factor

Physical factor

interaction

Provided medium:• Neighborhood components

• design


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SEGMENT



• describe housing types and their characteristics

• describe the typology of residential area

OBJECTIVES


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Components of Residential Area

RumahTinggal

Prasarana & Sarana

Sirkulasi Pembiayaan


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Housing Types

HargaSatuan

Terendah

LUAS PERSIL (m2)

60 - 200 200 - 600 600 – 2000

=< Tipe C RS RMn RMw

Tipe C s/d A

RMn RMn RMw

>= Tipe A RMw RMw RMw

Sumber: Keputusan Bupati Kuningan No. 641/KPTS.319.DPR.PP/2019 tentang Harga Satuan Pembangunan Rumah Negara dan Pagar Tahun 2019


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Ketentuan Hunian Berimbang

Dapat menampung secara serasiberbagai kelompok masyarakat

RumahSederhana

RumahMenengah

RumahMewah

3 2 1: :6 3 1: :


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Housing Types

RUMAH SEDERHANA SEHAT (RSH)

1. Tidak bersusun

2. Luas lantai max. 70 m2

3. Luas persil 54 – 200 m2

4. Harga/m2 = harga rumah dinas tipe C


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Housing TypesRUMAH SANGAT SEDERHANA (RSS)

1. Tidak bersusun

2. Luas lantai 21 – 36 m2

3. Luas persil 54/60 – 200 m2

4. Harga/m2 MAX. ½ harga RS/ m2


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Housing Types

KAVLING SIAP BANGUN

1. Lahan matang terencana

2. Luas 54/60 – 72 m2

3. Jalan setapak, damija 2,8 m

4. Prasarana listrik, air bersih, MCK, tempat main, warung


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Housing Types

RUMAH SUSUN

1. Max. 5 lt

2. KDB 25%

3. KLB max. 1,25

4. Kepadatan penduduk max. 1736 jiwa/Ha


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Housing Types

RUMAH MENENGAH Tidak BersusunLuas persil 54 – 600 m2

Harga/m2 = biaya rumah dinastipe C tertinggi s/d tipe A

Tidak BersusunLuas Persil 200 – 600 m2

Harga/m2 =< hargatertinggi rumah dinas tipe C

1.

2.


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Housing Types

RUMAH MEWAH

Tidak BersusunLuas persil 54/60 – 2000 m2

Harga/m2 = rumah dinas tipe A

Tidak BersusunLuas Persil 600 – 2000 m2

Harga/m2 =< harga tertinggirumah dinas tipe A

1.

2.


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Housing Types

RUMAH TUNGGAL (DETACHED HOUSE).

1. Struktur tunggal, terpisah dari unit lain

2. Dianggap paling ideal

3. Mahal dan boros lahan

4. Luas persil di atas 600 m2


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Housing Types

RUMAH GANDENG (SEMI-DETACHED HOUSE).

1. Terdiri dari dua unit hunian di bawahsatu atap (dalam satu bangunan)

2. Unit hunian dipisahkan oleh dinding

3. Luas persil berkisar 54/60 – 600 m2


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Housing Types

RUMAH DERET (ROW-HOUSE).

1. Beberapa unit hunian di bawah satuatap disatukan sisi dengan sisi dalamsebuah barisan / berderet,

2. Bentuk dan ukuran maksimal 6 (enam)unit.

3. Dapat pula berbentuk ruko (rumahtoko).


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Housing Types

TOWNHOUSE

1. Disatukan sisi dengan sisi dalam sebuah barisan.

2. Memiliki 3 lantai dengan garasi sebagai fungsiutama pada lantai dasar.

3. Area utama untuk hunian berada pada lantaipertama dan umumnya memiliki 3 ruang untukkamar tidur.

4. Memiliki keseragaman bentuk bangunan.


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Housing Types

RUMAH SUSUN (FLAT).

1. Ditumpuk di atas unit yang lainsetinggi 2, 3, 4 atau lebih

2. Umumnya dilengkapi dengantangga.

3. Dapat berupa ‘cluster’ daribeberapa kelompok unit.


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Housing Types

APARTEMEN 1. Bangunan besar yang umumnya bertingkat

tinggi

2. Dilayani oleh lift.

3. Jumlah lantai minimum sebanyak 3 lantai.


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Thank You

Continue to module:

2.2 Residential Site Analysis

2.1 residential area development: characteristics and basics

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