2.1 - agronomic units jan2015 - frogs - agronomic units_jan2015.pdf · des produits utiles - des...

DES PRODUITS UTILES - DES ENTREPRISES RESPONSABLES

UIPP Environmental Methodology Working Group

2.1 - Agronomic Units

FROGS (French Refinement Of Groundwater Scenarios) UIPP Training

Paris, 22-23 January 2015

MechanisticModel

ExposureAssessment

EnvironmentalCharacteristics

Substance / ProductCharacteristics

CropCharacteristics

HazardAssessment

Risk

Representative

Scenarios

Soil (Accumulation) Groundwater

Surface Water

Parameter Determination Risk AssessmentSimulations

French Refinement Of Groundwater Scenarios

Risk Assessment Scheme

Risk Assessment Methodology

DES PRODUITS UTILES - DES ENTREPRISES RESPONSABLES Slide 2


Definition of Scenarios

French Refinement Of Groundwater ScenariosDefinition of Scenarios

- FOCUS Scenarios

• 9 realistic worst-case groundwater scenarios

• Purposes of Tier 1 EU level assessment of leaching potential of a.i.

• Collectively represent agriculture in the EU

• Simple Lists of Properties and Characteristics which exist independently of

any Simulation Model

- FROGS Scenarios

• x realistic average groundwater scenarios

• Purposes of Tier 2 EU Level assessment of leaching potential of a.i.

• Collectively represent agriculture in France

• Concept of cropping basin (e.g. plateaux du Jura, Beauce, plaine d’Alsace,

coteaux du Gers, vallée de la Saône, bassin de l’Adour, Limagnes)

• Scenario: Combination of crop, soil and weather characteristics,

representative of a major cropping area (cropping basin)



Construction of national Scenarios

National Groundwater scenariosGeneral construction scheme

Crops

Typical situation:

Land use, typical rotations

Agronomic Units

Homogeneous cropping

and climatic zones

Soils

Definition of typical soilsScenarios

Distribution of typical soils in the AUs

Climate

Climatic zones


• Land use, crop characteristics and rotations can be described by a set of

typical representative situations

• Need for representative situations, in necessary and sufficient number

• Scenarios compatible with assessment objectives and information simplicity

for modeling

Concept of Agronomic Unit (AU)

- Basic assumptions


Agronomic Units

• Crop distribution (relevant crops, proportion of cultivated surfaces)

• Crop characteristics (dates of key growth stages)

• Rotations

• Climate pattern

• Agronomic Unit = Cropping basin in the GW Risk assessment context

- AU definition

Geographic area fulfilling homogeneity criteria:


• Agricultural census 2000 (“Recensement agricole 2000”)

• Crop cultivated surface at “canton” scale; data available for 3540 cantons

Information used

- Agricultural statistics


Agronomic Units

• Small agricultural regions (“Petites régions agricoles”: PRA)

• Cropping basins: pedologic / agroclimatic reference documents

• Hydro-Ecoregions

• Climatic zones

- Environmental zoning

Information on land use:

Existing zonings reflecting environmental characteristics:


Crop DensityWinter Wheat


Agronomic Units: Land Use

Data Source: Agricultural Census 2000 (RA 2000)

Land use by cropsCrop density classes

by “canton”

Density = % of crop surface in total cultivated surface


• Permanent environmental characteristics (geology, geomorphology,

topography, soil, climate)

• Variable characteristics in a decade time step (Farming systems, land use,

farm size, etc.)

Information used (continued)

- Small Agricultural Regions (PRA)


Agronomic Units

• 20 cropping basins

• Basins delimited by aggregation of 69 PRAs (1 to 7 PRA per basin)

• 41 soil types

• Soil types assigned to relevant PRAs

- Cropping Basins

713 Geographic areas delimited on the basis of two types of characteristics:

Example: Pedologic repository for western France (4 administrative regions)

This method of PRA aggregation was applied to other areas



Agronomic Units: PRA

Small agricultural regions

- 433 Agricultural regions

- 713 Small agricultural regions

PRA


• Help establishing reference levels for aquatic invertebrate populations for the

Water Framework Directive

• HER based on strong environmental determinants

(geology, topography, climate, bedrock lithology

Information used (continued)

- Hydro-Ecoregions (HER)


Agronomic Units

• Agrométéorologie (E. Choisnel, Météo-France)

• Climatic zoning (Météo-France)

• Erosion hazard precipitation zoning (Le Bissonnais et al.)

- Climatic zones

Information from various documents using climatic or agro-climatic zoning

HER define at typology for surface water ecosystems

HER used as PRA environmental aggregation criterion



Agronomic Units: HER

Hydro-Ecoregions

- 22 HER Level 1

- 107 HER Level 2

Hydro-Ecoregions

Wasson J.G. et al., 2002 – Les hydro-écorégions de France métropolitaine



Agronomic Units: Climate Zones

Agro-Climatic Zones

Choisnel E. – Agrométéorologie – Les Techniques de l’ingénieur

Agro-climatic zoningClimate parameters:

- Temperature

- Precipitation

- Solar irradiance



Agronomic Units: Climate Zones

Annual precipitation Classes aggregated by PRA

Le Bissonnais Y. – Cartographie de l’aléa « érosion des sols » - INRA-IFEN 2002

PrecipitationClasses: Quintiles

aggregated by PRA



Construction of Agronomic Units

Land use by crops

Climate HERPRA

Agronomic Units


1 Collines molassiques - Lauragais

2 Bretagne sud

3 Limagnes - Plaine du Forez

4 Bordure maritime Nord - Picardie - Normandie

5 Alsace - Sundgau

6 Plaine normande - Bessin

7 Aquitaine - Landes

8 Bassin de l'Adour

9 Picardie - Nord - Pas-de-Calais

10 Charentes

11 Bocage normand

12 Barrois - Plateaux bourguignons

13 Plateau lorrain

14 Gâtines - Vallées de Loire

15 Sologne - Orléanais

16 Champagne crayeuse

17 Beauce - Drouais - Gâtinais

18 Bordelais - Périgord - Coteaux du Lot

19 Perche - Pays d'Auge - Pays d'Ouche

20 Bocages de l'ouest

21 Ardenne - Argonne - Champagne humide

22 Champagne berrichonne - Boischaut

23 Bas Dauphiné - Vallée du Rhône

24 Fossé bressan

25 Bretagne centrale

26 Plateaux de Haute-Saône

27 Provence

28 Plaine du Languedoc-Roussillon

29 Boischaut du sud

30 Bretagne nord

31 Ile-de-France

Agronomic UnitAU_Code


Agronomic Units

31 Agronomic units


Crop surfaces in the Agronomic Units (ha)Code_AU Agronomic Unit (Surface in ha) Arable Land Sugar Beet Winter Wheat Oil Seed Rape Maize_Fodder Maize_Grain Barley Potato Sunflower

0 Arable land not considered 5872415 959 163631 32263 125756 73829 141797 3145 25392

1 Collines molassiques - Lauragais 1243320 26 74776 22317 19250 141110 38668 193 176800

2 Bretagne sud 459222 0 63500 7879 71647 31900 12542 776 600

3 Limagnes - Plaine du Forez 612973 3362 79113 12363 16067 36263 16260 506 9025

4 Bordure maritime Nord - Picardie - Normandie 1224365 56688 363017 41370 98897 10035 115245 22903 181

5 Alsace - Sundgau 276558 5329 34977 3847 10641 125800 4831 1084 353

6 Plaine normande - Bessin 251501 5782 66030 7704 20654 4995 13282 879 1460

7 Aquitaine - Landes 157250 38 1168 75 1101 75225 371 937 768

8 Bassin de l'Adour 589991 0 5010 1310 29513 245792 2634 85 1927

9 Picardie - Nord - Pas-de-Calais 1141433 126649 459961 28371 45855 28249 85081 64499 268

10 Charentes 1322839 0 280245 77433 42446 174380 73179 702 168115

11 Bocage normand 1112296 470 132248 11266 199765 17493 18804 1718 2383

12 Barrois - Plateaux bourguignons 1046559 1760 293047 180778 36693 12471 179518 339 6052

13 Plateau lorrain 640234 111 124460 65140 42248 5780 52982 132 543

14 Gâtines - Vallées de Loire 636638 0 170152 42635 21026 58277 33399 184 77511

15 Sologne - Orléanais 157615 436 31706 11745 2533 18814 9250 876 6250

16 Champagne crayeuse 732977 71302 245674 55073 3809 20509 121718 18260 9372

17 Beauce - Drouais - Gâtinais 958676 35405 403317 107814 4355 55928 121504 6891 14341

18 Bordelais - Périgord - Coteaux du Lot 921868 39 94733 9232 29847 133825 26123 1784 45260

19 Perche - Pays d'Auge - Pays d'Ouche 871648 1528 211764 55775 63920 50636 47518 456 11493

20 Bocages de l'ouest 1353504 0 177493 28482 173968 49014 30163 814 35234

21 Ardenne - Argonne - Champagne humide 556896 12359 119573 41003 31641 22599 52654 1517 2614

22 Champagne berrichonne - Boischaut 1059459 373 312054 144562 14713 41809 95322 264 55349

23 Bas Dauphiné - Vallée du Rhône 450219 0 48572 10369 11339 64413 14844 1211 23482

24 Fossé bressan 559439 4234 98743 31610 17394 83884 29514 1056 17570

25 Bretagne centrale 430730 0 68970 6098 68385 29026 19525 2951 5

26 Plateaux de Haute-Saône 350511 43 48822 23051 16196 18068 22222 60 4863

27 Provence 192698 0 1328 2096 15 2708 970 750 4934

28 Plaine du Languedoc-Roussillon 375316 0 679 2305 52 1684 1380 490 5216

29 Boischaut du sud 521777 244 52171 18066 11369 6431 19432 31 12670

30 Bretagne nord 841643 11 167040 16595 147314 60294 33020 10085 402

31 Ile-de-France 933743 81934 376540 77488 6541 52654 88213 12160 2451

AU (1-31) Total Surface (ha) : 21983898 408123 4606883 1143852 1259194 1680066 1380168 154593 697492

Total Surface (AU 0-31) (ha) : 27856313 409082 4770514 1176115 1384950 1753895 1521965 157738 722884

AU Total Surface in Total Surface (%) 78.9 99.8 96.6 97.3 90.9 95.8 90.7 98.0 96.5


Crop Surfaces in the Agronomic Units



Agronomic Units: Winter Wheat

Winter Wheat



Agronomic Units: Sugar Beet

Sugar Beet



Agronomic Units: Oil Seed Rape

Oil Seed Rape



Agronomic Units: Maize (Grain)

Maize (Grain)



Agronomic Units: Maize (Fodder)

Maize (Fodder)



Agronomic Units: Winter Barley

Winter Barley



Agronomic Units: Potato

Potato



Agronomic Units: Sunflower

Sunflower


• Crops: Surfaces, growth parameters: specific AU data

• Rotations: One representative rotation defined for each primary crop in a AU

• Soils: Relevant soils assigned to each AU (not all soils considered in a AU)

• Climate: One specific set of weather records associated to a AU

Summary

- AU characterization (next presentations)

• AUs defined for 8 major arable crops

• AUs validly applicable to other arable crops

• AUs not suitable for perennial crops

- AU Validity Domain

Agronomic Units reflect typical agronomic situations for arable crops

- AU and Scenarios

• Each AU determines the relevant weather data set, crop parameters and

rotation for a primary crop


Agronomic Units: Summary



Thanks for your attention

It is time to get out of the ditch!

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