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SSPPAANNISHISH

by Wikibooks contributors

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Copyright 20032006, Wikibooks contributors

!er"ission is gr#nted to copy, distribute #nd$or "odi%y this docu"ent under theter"s o% the &'( )ree Docu"ent#tion *icense, +ersion 2 or #ny l#ter versionpublished by the )ree o%t.#re )ound#tion/ .ith no nv#ri#nt ections, no )ront-Cover 1exts, #nd no #ck-Cover 1exts 3 copy o% the license is included in thesection entitled 4&'( )ree Docu"ent#tion *icense4

"#ges #re either licensed under the &)D* or rele#sed into the public do"#inCre#tors o% &)D* i"#ges #re listed in i"#ge c#ptions

!rincip#l #uthors5 1ho " #stroh"# n n 6C7 8 9 # rl W ick 6C7 8 W inter"ute 6C7 8 :#rie l#;i v # 6C7 8 :xn 6C7 8 #bbut 6C7 8 < #vier C # r ro 6C7 8 ) enoxielo 6C7 8 1hink ) #st 6C7 8C ele s ti#npo.er 6C7 8 nthony#ld.in 6C7 8

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Contents

ntroduction03!ronunci#tion0@

*AB' 00 - C"o te ll#"#sE002 - CuFndo es tu cu"ple#GosEH03 - ntroduccin # l# gr#"Ftic#260I - Dnde vivesE330@ - Ju? te gust# h#cerEI06 - Ju? co"esE@0K - Ju? hor# esE60H - Dnde v#s # irE6L0L - CuFl es tu tr#b#MoEH3

B(1 1NA 2BB9 L2

Nistory O Docu"ent'otesL2uthors O "#ge CreditsL3&'( )ree Docu"ent#tion *icenseLI

Introduction

l ive version Pdiscu s si o n Pedit introduction Pco""ent Prep o rt #ne rror

Book definition

P Scope5 1his Wikibook #i"s to te#ch the p#nish l#ngu#ge %ro" scr#tcht .ill cover #ll o% the "#Mor gr#""#r rules, "oving slo.ly #nd o%%eringexercises #nd plenty o% ex#"ples t=s not #ll gr#""#r though, #s it o%%ersvoc#bul#ry #nd phr#ses too, #ppe#ling to #ll le#rners 2y the end, youshould be #ble to re#d #nd .rite p#nish skil%ully, though you=ll need #hu"#n to help .ith listening #nd spe#king

P Purpose5 1he purpose o% this Wikibook is to te#ch you the p#nishl#ngu#ge in #n e#sy #nd #ccessible .#y 2y the end, #s "entioned,you should be # pro%icient re#der #nd .riter, though listening #ndspe#king reQuire # hu"#n tutor

P Audience5 nyone .ho .ishes to le#rn p#nish, though #dult #nd

teen#ge le#rners #re likely to enMoy it "oreP Organisation5 1his Wikibook reQuires no prior kno.ledge o% the

subMect, #nd #ll relev#nt ter"s #re expl#ined #s they #re encountered 1hebook runs chronologic#lly %ro" lesson to lesson 2 to lesson 3 #nd so onuntil the end

P Narrative5 &ener#lly eng#ging #nd thorough, .ith plenty o% ex#"ples#nd exercises to #id le#rning Bnce concepts #re introduced, they #rerepe#ted, building # b#se o% voc#bul#ry #nd gr#""#r th#t .ill st#y in your"ind
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Ch#pter

4 R p#nish

P Style5 1his book is .ritten in ritish Anglish, #nd the p#nish t#ught isgener#lly 4p#nish4 p#nish, though key region#l di%%erences #re expl#ined#s .e go #long 1he %or"#tting is consistent throughout, .ith p#nish init#lics #nd #ll t#bles using the s#"e %or"#tting A#ch lesson begins .ith #convers#tion, including the key gr#""#r #nd voc#bul#ry in the lesson tthe end, there is # su""#ry, expl#ining .h#t h#s been #chievedAxercises #re linked throughout, #nd e#ch ne. concept or set o%

voc#bul#ry is #cco"p#nied by ex#"ples, e#ch .ith # tr#nsl#tionunderne#th

Introduction

Sou #re #bout to e"b#rk on # course le#rning # second l#ngu#ge, the p#nish*#ngu#geT

1he %irst lesson begins .ith si"ple greetings, #nd covers i"port#nt ide#s o%

the p#nish *#ngu#ge 1hroughout educ#tion, "ethods o% te#ching p#nish h#vech#nged gre#tly Se#rs #go, the p#nish *#ngu#ge .#s t#ught si"ply by"e"ory 1od#y, ho.ever, the p#nish *#ngu#ge is t#ught by "oving slo.er#nd covering gr#""#r #nd spelling rules

g#in, this is #n introduction 0% this is the %irst ti"e you #re #tte"pting tole#rn p#nish, do not beco"e discour#ged i% you c#nnot underst#nd, pronounce,or "e"oriUe so"e o% the things discussed here

0n #ddition, le#rning # second l#ngu#ge reQuires # b#sic underst#nding o%your o.n l#ngu#ge Sou "#y %ind, #s you study p#nish, th#t you le#rn # lot

#bout Anglish #s .ell t their core, #ll l#ngu#ges sh#re so"e si"pleco"ponents like verbs, nouns, #dMectives, #nd plur#ls Sour %irst l#ngu#geco"es n#tur#lly to you #nd you don=t think #bout things like subMect-verb#gree"ent, verb conMug#tion, or us#ge o% the v#rious tenses/ yet, you usethese concepts on # d#ilyb#sis

While Anglish is described #s # very co"plic#ted l#ngu#ge to le#rn, "#ny o%the distinguishing gr#""#r structures h#ve been si"pli%ied over the ye#rs 1hisis not true %or "#ny other l#ngu#ges )ollo.ing the gr#""#tic#l conventions o%p#nish .ill be very i"port#nt, #nd c#n #ctu#lly ch#nge the "e#ning o% phr#sesSou=llsee .h#t is "e#nt by this #s you le#rn your %irst verbsser #nd estar

Do not beco"e discour#gedT Sou c#n do it

l ive version Pdiscu s si o n Pedit introduction Pco""ent Prep o rt #n e rror
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!

W ikibooks R

!ronunci#tion

!P"ON#NCIA$IONlive v ers ion Pdiscussion Pedit ch#pter Pco""ent Prep o rt #n

e rror

ronouncing p#nish b#sed on the .ritten .ord is "uch si"pler th#n

pronouncing Anglish b#sed on .ritten Anglish 1his is bec#use, .ith %e.exceptions, e#ch letter in the p#nish #lph#bet represents # single sound, #ndeven .hen there #re sever#l possible sounds, si"ple rules tell us .hich is thecorrect one 0n contr#st, "#ny letters #nd letter co"bin#tions in Anglishrepresent "ultiple sounds such #s the ou #nd gh in .ords like cough, rough,through, though, etc7

%etter&sound correspondences in Spanis'

1he t#ble belo. presents letter-sound correspondences in the order o% the

tr#dition#l p#nish #lph#bet ;e%er to the #rticle W r iting s yste" o% p # n ish inWikipedi# %or det#ils on the p#nish #lph#bet #nd #lph#betiU#tion7

%etterNa(e of

t'e

letterIPA Pronunciation of t'e letter )*nglis' appro+i(ation,

3 # # # *ike a in father

be, be2b l#rg#, be

#lt#b *ike b in bad

Bet-een vo-els, the lips should not touch .henV pronouncing the sound so"e.h#t si"il#r to the v invalue7

C c ce s$Before t'e vo-els e and i, like c in center "eric#s7 orth in thin p#in7

k *very-'ere else/ like c in coffee

*ike ch in church 0n rgentin# it sounds #l"ost like j inCh ch che t

D d de d

jump, but it=s cle#rly di%%erent %ro" rgentini#n y seebelo.7

Does not h#ve #n ex#ct Anglish eQuiv#lent ounds si"il#r

to the d in day, but inste#d o% the tongue touching theroo% o% the "outh behind the teeth, it should touch theteeth the"selves et.een vo.els, the tongue should belo.ered so #s to not touch the teeth so"e.h#t si"il#rto the th in the7

A e e e *ike e in ten

) % e%e % *ikef in four

& g ge x Before t'e vo-els e and i, like # p#nish j seebelo.7

g*very-'ere else, likeg in get, but bet.een vo.els.here the second vo.el is a, o or u7, the tongue should
http://wikibooks.org/http://wikibooks.org/http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Pronunciationhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Pronunciationhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Pronunciationhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Pronunciationhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Pronunciationhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Pronunciationhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Pronunciation&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Pronunciation&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Pronunciation&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Pronunciation&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Pronunciation&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Pronunciation&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Pronunciation&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Writing_system_of_Spanishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Writing_system_of_Spanishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Writing_system_of_Spanishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Writing_system_of_Spanishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Writing_system_of_Spanishhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Pronunciationhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Pronunciationhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Pronunciation&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Pronunciation&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Pronunciation&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Pronunciation&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Writing_system_of_Spanishhttp://wikibooks.org/

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C h #pter 0

$M

N h h#che

not touch the so%t p#l#te 6no si"il#r sound in Anglish,butit=s so"e.h#t like r#bicghain7

Silent, unless co"bined .ith c see #bove7 Nu- or hi-%ollo.ed by #nother vo.el #t the st#rt o% the .ord st#nd%or $.$ Anglish w7 #nd $M$ Anglishy7 3lso used in %oreign.ords like '.(ster, .here it is pronounced like #p#nishj seebelo.7

0 i i i *ike e in he e%ore other vo.els, it #ppro#ches y inyou

< M Mot# x$h*ike the ch in loch, #lthough in "#ny di#lects it soundslike Anglish h

*ike the k in ask Bnly used in .ords o% %oreign origin -9 k k# k

* l ele l

*l lldoble ele,elle

p#nish pre%ers c #nd qu see #bove #nd belo.,respectively7

Does not h#ve #n ex#ct Anglish eQuiv#lent t is si"il#r tothe Anglish 4l4 in line, but shorter, or 4clipped4 nste#do% the tongue touching the roo% o% the "outh behind theteeth, it should touch the tip o% the teeth the"selves

!roperly, likegl in the t#li#n .ordgli Does not h#ve #nAnglish eQuiv#lent, but it=s so"e.h#t si"il#r to li inmillion +ery co""only si"plypronounced #s $M$ Anglish

y7

: " e"e " *ike m in more

*ike n in no e%ore p, b, f #nd v #nd in so"e regions (7sounds #s m in important )or ex#"ple un paso sounds

' n ene n

X G eGe

u(paso e%ore g, /, k sound 6c, k , Q7, - #nd 'u soundslike n in anchor5 un g#to, un Muego, un cubo, un kilo, unQueso, un .hisky, un hueso e%ore y sound y or ll7, it

sounds like , seebelo.$nM$YY ny7 Z vowel, #s in canyon, .here the y is veryshort )or ex#"ple, .hen pronouncing 4#Gos4, think o% it#s 4#nyos4, or #n-yos 1o pr#ctice, repe#t theono"#topoei#

o% che.ing5 4G#", G#", G#"4

B o o o *ike o in more, .ithout the %ollo.ing r sound

! p pe p *ikep inport

*ike q in quit s in Anglish, it is #l.#ys %ollo.edby # u,but be%ore e or i, the u is silent lquido is pronounced

J Q cu k

; r ere, erre r

$=liki[o$7 1he Anglish $k.$ sound is nor"#lly .ritten cuin p#nish cuanto7, #lthough qu c#n be used %or thissound in %ront o% a or o qusar, qurum7

1his h#s t.o pronunci#tions, neither o% .hich exist inAnglish 1he =so%t= pronunci#tion sounds like "eric#nrel#xed pronunci#tion o% tt in 4butter4, #nd is .ritten r#l.#ys .ritten r7 1he =h#rd= pronunci#tion is # "ultiplyvibr#ting sound, si"il#r to cottish rolled r gener#lly.ritten rr7 =N#rd= r is #lso the sound o% r #t the st#rt o% #.ord or #%ter l, n ors

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i

> U

s ese s

1 t te t

*ikes in six 0n "#ny pl#ces it=s #spir#ted in %in#lposition, #lthough in nd#lusi# it is not itsel% pronounced,but ch#nges the sound o% the preceding vo.el eeregion#l v#ri#tions7

Does not h#ve #n ex#ct Anglish eQuiv#lent *ike to the tin ten, but inste#d o% the tongue touching the roo% o% the"outh behind the teeth, it should touch the teeththe"selves

( u u . before anot'er vo-el especi#lly #%ter c7, like w in twigIn t'e co(binationsgue andgui' it is silent unless ithas a diaresis !g\e g\i" in which case it is as above# .$

u *very-'ere else, like oo inpool, but shorteruve, ve,

+ v ve cort#,ve b#M#

uve

W . doble,

b, Vdentic#l to p#nish b see #bove7 t c#n pronunci#ted #s4v4, but it=s not co""on

b, V, (sed only in .ords o% %oreign origin p#nish pre%ers u7!ronunci#tion v#ries %ro" .ord to .ord5 watt is

doble ve, .doble u

pronounced like bat, but kiwi is pronounced like quihui

] x eQuis ks *ike ks Anglishx7 in extra

0n .ords o% 3"erindi#norigin, likesh inshe

'ote th#tx used to represent the sound o% sh, .hichthen evolved into the sound no. .ritten .ithj 3 %e..ords h#ve ret#ined the old spelling, but h#ve "odern

pronounci#tion :ost not#bly,%&xico #nd itsderiv#tives #re pronounced like%&jico

1echnic#lly, it is si"ply the pre%erred spelling o% i Zvo.el #t the beginning o% # .ord or vo.el Z i #t the endo% # .ord yeso r#ther th#n ieso, hay r#ther th#n hai7,#nd

S yi grieg#,ye

Uet#,

ced#, s

should be pronounced ex#ctly #s i No.ever, in so"epl#ces it is identic#l to Anglishy 0n rgentin# ispronounced si"il#r to the Anglishsh inshe, or Anglishjin jump, #nd in Chile is pronounced $ $ like Anglish si invision7l.#ys the s#"e sound #s # so%t c ie either $$ "ost o%

p#in7 or $s$ else.here7 ee c %or det#ils

One letter0one sound

!ronouncing p#nish b#sed on the .ritten .ord is "uch si"pler th#npronouncing Anglish b#sed on .ritten Anglish A#ch vo.el represents only onesound With so"e exceptions such #s w #nd x7, e#ch conson#nt #lso representsone sound :#ny conson#nts sound very si"il#r to their Anglish counterp#rts

3s the t#ble indic#tes, the pronunci#tion o% so"e conson#nts such #s b7 does

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v#ry .ith the position o% the conson#nt in the .ord, .hether it is bet.eenvo.els

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or not, etc 1his is entirely predict#ble, so it doesn=t re#lly represent # bre#kingo% the 4one letter, one sound4 rule

1he (niversity o% o.# h#s # very visu#l #nd de t# i led expl#n#tion o% thep#nish pronunci#tion

%ocal pronunciation differences

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1he vo.el o% #n unstressed syll#ble should be pronounced .ith its true v#lue,#s sho.n in the t#ble #bove Don=t reduce unstressed vo.els to neutr#l sch.#sounds, #s occurs in Anglish

"ules for pronouncing t'e i(plicit accent

1here #re only t.o or one7 rules %or pronouncing the i"plicit #ccent, 1hestressed syll#ble is in bold letters5

P 0% # .ord h#s no #ccent "#rk #nd ends .ith # vo.el or .ith n ors ,the next-to-l#st syll#ble is stressed

P *+a(ples5P cara ca-r#7 %#ce7P mano (a-no7 h#nd7P amarillo #-"#-ri-llo7 yello.7P hablan 'a-bl#n7they spe#k7P martes (ar-tes7 1uesd#y7

P 0% # .ord h#s no #ccent "#rk #nd ends .ith # conson#nt other th#n n ors, the l#st syll#ble is stressed

P *+a(ples5P farol %#-rol7 street l#"p7P a*ul #-1ul7blue7P espaol es-p#-2ol7 p#nish7P salvador s#l-v#-dor7 s#vior7

$'e diaeresis ) 3 ,0n the clusters gue #ndgui, the u is not pronounced/ it serves si"ply to give

theg # h#rd-gsound, like in the Anglish .ordgut gue _ `geY/gui _ `giY7

No.ever, i% the u h#s # the di#eresis "#rk a7, it is pronounced like #nAnglish w g+e _ `g.eY/g+i _ `g.iY7 1his "#rk is r#ther r#re

Ax#"ples5

P ping+ino penguin

P ag+&is 2nd person plur#l, present subMunctive o% the verb aguar7 Nere,the di#eresis preserves the u or `.Y7 sound in #ll the verb tenses o% aguar

live v ers i on Pdiscussion Pedit ch#pter Pco""ent Prep o rt #n e rror
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C"o te ll#"#sE

5C67O $* %%A7AS8live v ers ion Pdiscussion Pedit ch#pter Pco""ent Prep o rt #n

e rror

9ialogueRal#,-ola. %e llamo /a)l$ 01mo te llamas2Sofa#-ola /a)l$ %e llamo 3ofa$ 01mo se escribe /a)l2Ral#3e escribe /'4'5'6$ 07u& tal2Sofa#8ien$ 09 t)2Ral#:enomenalgracias$Sofa#,7u& fantstico. 4dis /a)l$Ral#,-asta luego.

Hello:Spanis' ;ocabulary < 5C=(o te lla(as8

>Hola: < Hello:

Ingl?s *spa2ol

Nello Nol# listen7

&ood "orningT

&ood d#yT uenos d#sT listen7

&ood eveningT uen#s t#rdesT listen7

&ood nightT uen#s nochesT listen7

ee you l#terT N#st# luegoT listen7

&oodbye dis listen7

Notes

P -asta "e#ns 4until4/ luego "e#ns 4then4 0n the s#"e vein, hastamaana "e#ns 4see you to"orro.4

P 'ote the upside-do.n excl#"#tion #nd Question "#rks/ you .ill le#rn"ore #bout the" in lesson three

*+a(ples

P ,8uenos das clase.&ood "orning, cl#ssT

P -ola 07u& tal hoy2Nello, ho. #re you tod#yE

P 4dis ,hasta luego.ye, see you soonT
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikibooks/en/4/4e/Hola.ogghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikibooks/en/4/4e/Hola.ogghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Buenos_d?as.ogghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Buenos_d?as.ogghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Buenos_d?as.ogghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Buenas_tardes.ogghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Buenas_tardes.ogghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Buenas_noches.ogghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Buenas_noches.ogghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Hasta_luego.ogghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Hasta_luego.ogghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Adi?s.ogghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Adi?s.ogghttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikibooks/en/4/4e/Hola.ogghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Buenos_d?as.ogghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Buenas_tardes.ogghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Buenas_noches.ogghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Hasta_luego.ogghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Adi?s.ogg

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W'at@s your na(e8

1o #sk so"eone else=s n#"e in p#nish, use 1mo, then one o% the phr#ses inthe t#ble belo. 01mo te llamas2 is 4Wh#t=s your n#"eE47

0n p#nish, to s#y your n#"e, you use the re%lexive verb llamarse, .hich

"e#ns liter#lly to call oneself %e llamo /obert is 4:y n#"e is ;obert47

Spanis' ;erb < 5C=(o te lla(as8%la(arse < $o call oneself

Ingl?s *spa2ol

0 #" c#lled :e ll#"o

Sou %#"ili#r, singul#r7 #re c#lled 1e ll#"#s

Ne$he$Sou%or"#l, singul#r7 is$#re c#lled e ll#"#

We #re c#lled 'os

ll#"#"os Sou %#"ili#r, plur#l7 #re c#lled Bs

ll#"Fis 1hey$Sou%or"#l, plur#l7 #re c#lled e

ll#"#n

Notes

P 4Bs ll#"Fis4 .ould only be used in p#in 0n #ll other p#nish-spe#kingcountries, 4e ll#"#n4 is used in both %#"ili#r #nd %or"#l situ#tions

*+a(ples

P %e llamo 1hris:y n#"e is Chris

P 3e llaman ;eter y/obert1hey=re c#lled !eter #nd ;obert

P 01mo te llamas2Wh#t=s your n#"eE

P 01mo se llama2Wh#t=s his$her n#"eE

Ho- are you8Spanis' ;ocabulary < 5C=(o te lla(as8

5u? tal8 < Ho- are you8

Ingl?s *spa2ol

Ju? t#lE listen7No. #re youE

C"o estFsE

&re#tT )#ntFstico
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0c/Qu?_tal.ogg

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)#ntFstic#

+ery .ell :uybien

Well ien

#d :#l

;e#lly b#d )#t#l

3nd youE S tE

1h#nk you &r#ci#s listen7

Note

)or so"e o% the .ords #bove, there #re t.o options 1he one ending in 4o4 is%or "#les, #nd the one ending in 4#4 is %or %e"#les t=s #ll to do .ith #gree"ent,.hich is covered in %uture ch#pters

*+a(ples

P Roberto#-ola /osa$ 07u& tal2Nello, ;ose No. #re youE

P Rosa#%uy bien gracias$ 09 t)/oberto2+ery .ell, th#nks 3nd you, ;obertE

P Roberto#8ien tambi&n$ ,-asta luego.=" good too ee you l#terT

$'e Spanis' alp'abet

Nere is the nor"#l p#nish #lph#bet No.ever, .ords #ren=t #lph#betiUed byit !le#se re#d the notes #nd sections belo. lue letters #re # p#rt o% thenor"#l Anglish #lph#bet7

4 D E F G ! 4 D E F G! 4 D E F

# b c d e % g h i M k l " n G o p Q r rr s t u v . x y U

Notes about and RR

< #nd= #re considered t.o di%%erent letters, #s #re // #nd / though no.ordsbegin .ith//7 1hey #re #lph#betiUed #s sep#r#te letters, so = #l.#ysco"es #%ter

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> #nd W #re p#rt o% the #lph#bet but #re "ostly seen in %oreign derived .ords#nd n#"es, such #s k#r#te #nd .hiskey )or inst#nce, kilo is co""only usedto re%er to # kilogr#"

lthough the #bove .ill help you underst#nd, proper pronunci#tion o%p#nish conson#nts is # bit "ore co"plic#ted5

:ost o% the conson#nts #re pronounced #s they #re in 3"eric#nAnglish .iththese exceptions5

P b like the Anglish b #t the st#rt o% # .ord #nd #%ter m or nP cbe%ore a, o, u #nd other conson#nts, like Anglish kP c be%ore i #nd e like Anglish th in fthink 6in *#tin "eric# is like

Anglishs7P c' like ch in fcheeseP d bet.een vo.els even i% it st#rts # .ord %ollo.ing # .ord ending in #

vo.el7 or #t the end o% # .ord, like Anglish d in dent#l

P g be%ore e or i like the cottish pronunci#tion o% ch in floch, exceptth#t it is voiced

P gbe%ore a or o likeg in fgetP ' is #l.#ys silent except in the digr#ph ch7P / like the h in hotelP ll is pronounced like Anglish y in fyesP 2 like nio in fonion or gn in )rench cogn#c7P like the Anglish kP r slightly trilled/ like # so%t d except #t the beginning o% # .ord or #%ter

l, n or s .here it is trilledP rr should be trilled longer th#n # single r

P v is pronounced like b, there is no distinction .h#tsoever bet.een #nd +

P 1 like the Anglish th 6in *#tin "eric#, like Anglishs7

Ho- do you spell t'at8

Spanis' ;ocabulary < 5C=(o tella(as8

5u? tal8 < Ho- are you8

Ingl?s *spa2ol

No. is it speltE C"o se escribeE

t is spelt e escribe

2 #s in #rcelon# 2 de 2#rcelon#

*+a(ples

P Roberto#8uenos das$ %e llamo /oberto$ 01mo te llamas2&ood d#y :y n#"e is ;obert Wh#t=s your n#"eE

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P Benjamn#-ola$ %e llamo 8enjamn$ 01mo se escribe /oberto2Nello =" enM#"in No. do you spell ;obertE

P Roberto# 3e escribe/ !de /ioja"? @ !de @rangutan"?8 !de8arcelona"?A !de Aspaa"?/ !de /ioja"? B !de Bigre"? @ !de @rangutan"$

t=s spelt ; #s in ;ioM#7/ B #s in Br#ngut#n7/ 2 #s in #rcelon#7/ A #sin p#in7/ ; #s in ;ioM#7/ 1 #s in 1iger7/ B #s in Br#ngut#n7

P Benjamn#%uchas gracias$ ,4dis/oberto.

:#ny th#nks &oodbye, ;obert

Su((ary

0n this lesson, you h#ve le#rned

P No. to greet people -ola? buenos das? adis7P No. to introduce yoursel% %e llamo/osa7P No. to introduce others 3e llama/oberto7P No. to s#y ho. you #re :enomenal? fatal? bien7

P No. to spell your n#"e 3e escribe ;'A'B'A'/7P No. to #sk others #bout #ny o% the #bove 01mo te llamas2?01mo ests2? 01mo se escribe27

Sou should no. do the exercise rel#ted to e#ch section %ound belo.7, #ndtr#nsl#te the di#logue #t the top be%ore "oving on to lesson 2

*+ercises

l ive version Pdiscu s si o n Pedit exercises P# dd #n exercise P

co""ent

1he #ns.ers c#n be %ound belo. lso, try tr#nsl#ting the di#logue #t thetop o% the lessonp#ge

Hello:

Wh#t greeting .ould you use

tH500p"E

2 t0500#"E3 t3500p"EI When you=re going to bedE

W'at@s your na(e8

1r#nsl#te the %ollo.ingphr#ses

:e ll#"o o%#
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Exercises/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Exercises/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Exercises/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Exercises/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Exercises/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=new

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2 C"o os ll#"FisE3 'os ll#"#"os !eter y C#rlosI C"o se ll#"#nE

Ner n#"e is #lly2 Wh#t #re you c#lledE

3 Nis n#"e is ;#lI :y n#"e is #nti#go

Ho- are you8

;#nk the %ollo.ing .ords %ro" one to %ive one being the best, %ive being the.orst7

P ienP )#ntFstico

P )#t#lP :#lP :uybien


!ut the %ollo.ing letters in p#nish #lph#betic#l order !ronounce the"#s you do so

P ;;

P JP 'P P ;P XP 3P D

*+ercise ans-ers

live v ers i on Pdiscussion Pedit #ns.ers P# dd #n #ns.er Pco""ent

9ialogue

Ral#-ello. (Cm /a)l$ WhatCs your name2Sofa#-i /a)l (Cm 3ofa$ -ow do you spell/a)l2Ral#(tCs spelt /'4'5'6$-ow are you2Sofa#Well$ 4nd yourself2
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Answers/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Answers/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Answers/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Answers/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Answers/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Answers/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Answers/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Answers/?C?mo_te_llamas%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Answers/?C?mo_te_llamas%3F&action=edit&section=new

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Ral#Doinggreat thanks$Sofa#-ow fantastic. Eoodbye.Ral#3ee you later$

Hello:

uen#s t#rdes2 uen#s "#G#n#s3 uenos d#sI uen#s noches

W'at@s your na(e8

:y n#"e is ophie2 Wh#t #re your n#"esE3 We #re !eter #nd C#rlI Wh#t #re they c#lledE

e ll#"# #lly2 C"o te ll#"#sE3 e ll#"# ;#lI :e ll#"o #nti#go Famesin Anglish7

Ho- are you8

)#ntFstico2 :uybien3 ienI :#l#@ )#t#l


32 D

3 'I X@ J6 ;K ;;H

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CuFndo es tu cu"ple#GosE

5C#N9O *S $# C#7P%*AJOS8live v ers ion Pdiscussion Pedit ch#pter Pco""ent Prep o rt #n

e rror

9ialogueRal5 Nol#, o%#T :e ll#"o ;#l Ju? %ech# es hoyESofa5 Nol#, ;#l Noy es el diecisiete de octubreRal5 :uch#s gr#ci#s :i cu"ple#Gos es el viernesSofa5 )eliU cu"ple#GosTRal5 &r#ci#s CuFntos #Gos tienesE

Sofa5 1engo veinte#GosRal5 +#le dis,o%#Sofa5 N#st#luegoT

$'e nu(bers

(no2 Dos3 1res

I Cu#tro@ Cinco6 eis

K iete

H BchoL 'ueve

0 DieU

Bnce2 Doce3 1rece

I C#torce@ Juince6 Diecis?is

K DiecisieteH DieciochoL Diecinueve

20 +einte

2+eintiuno22+eintidos23

+eintitr?s

2I+einticu#tro2@ +einticinco26 +eintis?is

2K +eintisiete2H +eintiocho2L+eintinueve

30 1reint#

I0 Cu#rent#

@0 Cincuent#60 esent#

K0 etent#

H0 Bchent#L0 'ovent#

00 Cien

'otes

1o %or" the nu"bers %ro" thirty to one hundred, you t#ke the "ultiple o%
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edit&section=new

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C h #pter 2ten belo. it, then y, then its units v#lue 4@I4 cincuenta y cuatro/ 4K24

setenta y dos7

When using 4uno4, "#sculine %or" o%ten uses 4un4 inste#d, i% the noun th#t

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the .ord 4uno4 is re%erencing to is in the sentence

*+a(ples

P Bengo diecisiete gatos0 h#ve K c#ts

P -ay treinta y cinco aulas1here #re 3@ cl#ssroo"s

P Bengo noventa y seis primos$0 h#ve L6 cousins

P -ay veintidos alumnos en esta clase$1here #re 22 students in this cl#ss

P 01untos hermanos tienes2No. "#ny brothers$sisters do you h#veE .hen #sking , the "#sculine%or" is used #s neutr#l, i% gender is unkno.n7

P GnoHuna$ !3hort answer note that gender is applied as gender is nowknown"

BneP Bengo un hermano$ H Bengo una hermana note the use o% 4un4

inste#d o% 4uno4 %or "#sculine %or"70 h#ve # brother $ 0 h#ve # sister

P ,7uiero un caramelo.0 .#nt # c#ndyT

P ,7uiero uno.0 .#nt oneT

Ho- old are you8

1o #sk so"eone else=s #ge in p#nish, use 1untos aos, then one o% theentries in the t#ble belo. 01untos aos tienes2 "e#ns 4No. old #re youE47

1o s#y so"eone=s #ge in p#nish, you use the irregul#r verb tener .hich"e#ns 4to h#ve47, then your #ge, then aos .hich "e#ns 4ye#rs47 )or ex#"ple,Bengo trece aos "e#ns 40 h#ve 3 ye#rs4 or 40 #" 3 ye#rs old4

Spanis' ;erb < 5Cu.ndo es tu cu(plea2os8$ener < $o 'ave

Ingl?s *spa2ol0 h#ve 1engo

Sou %#"ili#r, singul#r7 h#ve 1ienes

Ne$he$Sou%or"#l, singul#r7$t h#s 1iene

We h#ve 1ene"os

Sou %#"il#r, plur#l7 h#ve 1en?is

1hey$Sou%or"#l, plur#l7 h#ve 1ienen

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Note

P 41en?is4 .ould only be used in p#in 0n #ll other countries one .oulduse 41ienen4 in both %#"ili#r #nd %or"#l situ#tions

*+a(ples

P Bengo veinte aos0 #" 20 ye#rs old

P 01untos aos tienes2No. old #re youE

P Biene ochenta y siete aos$Ne is HK ye#rs old

P 01untos aos tienen2No. old #re theyE

W'at@s t'e date today8

1o #sk %or the d#te in p#nish, you use 07u& fecha es hoy2 "e#ning 4Wh#t=sthe d#te tod#yE47 0n reply, you .ould s#y -oy es Iday of the weekJ IdateJde Imonth of the yearJ )or ex#"ple, -oy es martes el veinticinco de mayois 41od#y is 1uesd#y, the 2@th o% :#y47

Spanis' ;ocabulary < 5Cu.ndoes tu cu(plea2os8

%os (eses del a2o < $'e (ont's

of t'e year

Ingl?s *spa2ol

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Notes

P 'either d#ys o% the .eek nor "onths o% the ye#r #re c#pit#lised, unless#t the beginning o% sentences

P Bn the %irst o% the "onth, the p#nish s#y primero -oy es domingoprimero de enero7

*+a(ples

P 07u& fecha es hoy2

Wh#t=s the d#te tod#yE

P -oy es mi&rcoles veintinueve de septiembre$

1od#y is Wednesd#y, the 2Lth o% epte"berP -oy es jueves quince de agosto$

1od#y is 1hursd#y, the @th o% 3ugustP -oy es sbado dos de enero$

1od#y is #turd#y, the 2nd o%

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Su((ary

0n this lesson, you h#ve le#rned5

P 1he nu"bers %ro" one to one hundred uno? veintiocho?noventa? cien7P 1he d#ys o% the .eek lunes? mi&rcoles? viernes7P 1he "onths o% the ye#r enero?abril? octubre? diciembre7P No. to s#y your #ge Bengo cuarenta aos7P No. to #sk the #ge o% others 01untos aos tienes27P No. to s#y tod#y=s d#te -oy es jueves el veintinueve de noviembre7P No. to s#y your birthd#y 6%i cumpleaos es el primero de agosto/ "i

cu"ple#Gos es el "#rtes"P No. to #sk the birthd#y o% others 01undo es tu cumpleaos27

Sou should no. do the exercise rel#ted to e#ch section %ound belo.7, #ndtr#nsl#te the di#logue #t the top be%ore "oving on to lesson 3

*+ercises

l ive version Pdiscu s si o n Pedit exercises P# dd #n exercise Pco""ent

1he #ns.ers c#n be %ound belo. lso, try tr#nsl#ting the di#logue #t thetop o% the lessonp#ge

$'e nu(bers

Write the %ollo.ing nu"bers using p#nish .ords

@2 2K3 6L

I IH@ HI6

K KKH @3L 3H

0 00

Ho- old are you8

1r#nsl#te the %ollo.ingphr#ses

1ienen seis #Gos y dieU #Gos2 1iene3 CuFntos #Gos tienesEI 1engo@ 1engo cu#rent# y siete #Gos6 1ene"osK CuFntos #Gos tienenE

H 1iene trece #GosE
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Exercises/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Exercises/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Exercises/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Exercises/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Exercises/?Cu?ndo_es_tu_cumplea?os%3F&action=edit&section=new

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Sou %#"ili#r, singul#r7 h#ve2 3re you %#"ili#r, plur#l7 2E3 1hey h#veI No. old is sheE@ Se#rs6 =" 6@ ye#rs oldK 0 h#ve

H Ne is L ye#rs old


P Describe the %ollo.ing d#tes in p#nish 1he 2@th o% Dece"ber2 1he 3rd o% :#y3 1he 2nd o% prilI 1he Lth o% Bctober@ 1he st o%

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$'e nu(bers

CincoI Cu#rent# y ocho

K etent# y siete0 Cien

2 +eintisiete3 esent# y nueve

@ Bchent# ycu#tro6 (no

H Cincuent# y tresL 1reint# y ocho

Ho- old are you8

1hey #re 6 #nd 0 ye#rs old2 Ne$he$t h#s3 No. old #re youEI 0 h#ve@ =" IK ye#rs old6 We h#veK No. old #re theyE

H 0s he$she 3 ye#rs old

1ienes2 1en?is doce #GosE3 1ienenI CuFntos #Gos tieneE@ Gos6 1engo sesent# y cinco #GosK 1engoH 1iene diecinueve #Gos


Al veinticinco de dicie"bre n#vid#d Christ"#s72 Al tres de "#yo3 Al dos de #brilI Al nueve de octubre@ Al pri"ero de Munio

P Weekends5 sFb#do, do"ingoP Weekd#ys5 lunes, "#rtes, "i?rcoles, Mueves, viernes

W'en@s your birt'day8

Sou .ill h#ve to check this one yoursel%

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C h #pter 3

singular el el ho"bre the "#n

plural los los niGos theboys

singular l# l# "uMer the .o"#n

plural l#s l#s niG#s the girls

singular un un ho"bre # "#n

plural unos unos niGos so"eboys

singular un# un# "uMer # .o"#n

plural un#s un#s niG#s so"e girl

IN$"O9#CCI6N A %A L"A7$ICAlive v ers i on Pdiscussion Pedit ch#pter Pco""ent Prep o rt #n e rror

Articles

3s in "#ny l#ngu#ges, p#nish gives e#ch noun # gender5 (asculine orfe(inine, both %or singul#r things #nd plur#l ones

p#nish, like Anglish, h#s t.o #rticles5 the de%inite #rticle 4the47 #nd theinde%inite #rticle 4#4 or 4#n47 No.ever, there #re I %or"s, depending on thenu"ber #nd gender o% the noun 1he plur#l inde%inite #rticle is 4so"e4 inp#nish

P 0% the noun ends in # vo.el, to "#ke it plur#l, add s gato - 4c#t4/gatos- 4c#ts47

P 0% the noun ends in # conson#nt, to "#ke it plur#l, add es papel -4p#per4/papeles - 4p#pers47

N#ppily, the gender o% p#nish nouns is usu#lly pretty e#sy to .ork outo"e very si"ple rules-o%-thu"b5

P 0% it ends in a, d,* or in5 it=s likely to be %e"inineP 0% it ends in o, ma or #nother consonant5 it=s likely to be "#sculine

9efinite articles

Spanis' Lra((ar < Introducci=n a la gra(.tica$'e definite article *l artKculo definido

(asculine

fe(inine

Indefinite articles

Spanis' Lra((ar < Introducci=n a la gra(.tica$'e indefinite article *l artKculo indefinido

(asculine

fe(inine
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Lessons/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Lessons/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Lessons/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Lessons/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Lessons/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Lessons/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=new

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ntroduccin # l# gr#"Ftic#

"egular ;erbs

We h#ve #lre#dy seen the present tense conMug#tions o% t.o p#nish verbs,llamarse #nd tener No.ever, both o% these verbs #re irregular verbs *uckily,"ost verbs %ollo. #n e#sy to underst#nd conMug#tion sche"e

0n p#nish, the conMug#tion depends on .h#t the l#st t.o letters o% thein%initive #re 1he infinitive %or" is the %or" th#t is given in the diction#ryn ex#"ple o% #n Anglish verb in the in%initive "ight be to run or to speakp#nish verbs in the in%initive end .ith 4-#r4, 4-er4 or 4-ir4 1o conMug#te the",re"ove the ending4-ir4, 4-er4 or 4-#r47 #nd #dd the desired su%%ix

(nlike Anglish, p#nish verbs conMug#te depending on the person/ 1h#t is,they ch#nge depending on .ho is being t#lked #bout 1his occurs in Anglish inthe third person singul#r highlighted belo.7 but in p#nish this occurs %or every

person s # result, pronouns #re o%ten o"itted bec#use they c#n be in%erred%ro" the conMug#tion

Person in *nglis'Singular Plural

Mirst 0pl#y Wepl#ySecond Sou pl#y Sou #ll pl#y

$'ird Ne$he$t pl#ys 1hey pl#y

$'e Present $ense

"egular &ar;

erbsSingular PluralMirst -o -#"osSecond -#s -Fis$'ird -# -#n

"egular &er ;erbs

Singular Plural

Mirst -o -e"os

Second -es -?is$'ird -e -en

"egular &ir ;erbs

Singular Plural

Mirst -o -i"osSecond -es -s

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C h #pter 3

$'ird -e -en

Present $ense *+a(ples

'ablar )to speak,

Singular Plural

Mirst h#blo h#bl#"osSecond h#bl#s h#blFis

$'ird h#bl# h#bl#n

P 6lorar 4to cry475 lloro, llor#s, llor#, llor#"os, llorFis, llor#nP 1ocinar 4to cook475 cocino, cocin#s, cocin#, cocin#"os, cocinFis,

cocin#n

P 1omer 4to e#t475 co"o, co"es, co"e, co"e"os, co"?is, co"enP 8eber 4to drink475 bebo, bebes, bebe, bebe"os, beb?is, beben

P Oivir 4to live475 vivo, vives, vive, vivi"os, vivs, vivenP 1ubrir 4to cover475 cubro, cubres, cubre, cubri"os, cubrs, cubren

Notes

P 1here #re "#ny "ore 4-#r4 verbs th#n 4-er4 or 4-ir4 :#ke sure you #re"ost %#"ili#r .ith these endings

P 1he second person plur#l is highlighted bec#use th#t tense is only

used in the v#riety o% p#nish used in p#in 0n other p#nish di#lects thethirdperson plur#l %or" is used inste#dP When re#ding texts, you .ill need to kno. the person o% the verb #t #

gl#nce 'otice thep#ttern5 4B4 denotes (2 44 denotes 9ou3 3 vo.el th#t is not 4B4 denotes-eH3heH(tI 4:B4 denotes We@ 404 denotes 9ou 4ll6 4'4 denotes Bhey

uestions and *+cla(ations

0n previous lessons, you .ill h#ve noticed th#t .e use the %unny upside-do.nQuestion "#rk 44 n p#nish, Questions #l.#ys st#rt .ith th#t, #nd %inish .iththe regul#r Question "#rk t is the s#"e %or excl#"#tions/ the %unny upside-do.n excl#"#tion "#rk 44 precedes excl#"#tions

Juestions in p#nish #re "#inly done by inton#tion r#ising the voice #t the

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end o% the Question7, since Questions #re o%ten identic#l to st#te"ents Be llamas/ichard "e#ns 4Sour n#"e is ;ich#rd4, #nd 0Be llamas /ichard2 "e#ns 40s yourn#"e ;ich#rdE4

Sou c#n #lso use Questions .ords, #s indic#tedbelo.

Spanis' ;ocabulary < Introducci=n a lagra(.ticauestions Preguntas

*spa2ol Ingl?s

DndeE WhereE

Jui?nE WhoE

Ju?E Wh#tE

C"oE No.E

!or Qu?E WhyE

CuFndoE

*+a(ples

WhenE

P 01on qui&n2With .ho"E

P 0Dnde est el banco2Where is the b#nkE

P 01undo es tu cumpleaos2When=s your birthd#yE

P 07u& fecha es hoy2Wh#t is the d#te tod#yEP ,-asta luego.

ee you l#terT

Su((ary

0n this lesson, you h#ve le#rned5

P 1he p#nish #rticles el? la? los? las? un? uno? unos? unas7P No. to conMug#te regul#r verbs in the present tense lloro? comes? vive?

cocinamos? beb&is? cubren7P No. to Question people #nd excl#i" in p#nish 01untos aos tienes2/

Ju? %#ntFsticoT"

Sou should no. do the exercise rel#ted to e#ch section %ound belo.7 be%ore"oving on 1his is # very i"port#nt topic %or %uture lessons/ it=s i"port#ntth#t you kno. it .ell

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C h #pter 3

*+ercises

live version Pdiscu s si o n Pedit exercises P# dd #n exercise #n s .e r7Pco""ent

1he #ns.ers c#n be %ound in the next section lso, try tr#nsl#ting the

di#logue #t the top o% the lesson

Articles

P 1r#nsl#te the %ollo.ing %ro" p#nish into Anglish (n#s niG#s2 *os ho"bres3 (nos ho"bresI *#s niG#s@ (n niGo

6 Al niGoK *# "uMerH (n# "uMer

P 1r#nsl#te the %ollo.ing %ro" Anglish into p#nish 1he .o"en2 o"e "en3 1he boyI 1he girls@ o"e girls6 3 "#n

K o"eboysH 3 girl

P Which o% the %ollo.ing nouns #re "#sculineE *os chicos2 (n#s niG#s3 Al g#toI *# "#nU#n#@ (n#s uG#s

6 (n perroK *#s "es#s

H (n#s cos#s

"egular verbs

P 1he %ollo.ing #re conMug#ted verb %or"s/ .h#t person #re theyE *loro2 CocinFis3 1ene"osI N#bl#n
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=new

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@ Co"pro6 br#U#sK llevoH +ivi"os

P ConMug#te the %ollo.ing verbs %or the person indic#ted

Cocin#r/ they2 Co"er/ she3 "#r/ .eI 1ener/ @ N#bl#r/ you singul#r6 1e"er/ K Co"er/ you plur#lH +ivir/ he


1r#nsl#te the %ollo.ing Questions %ro" Anglish into p#nish, or vicevers#

CuFntos #Gos tienesE2 Why do they cryE3 C"o te ll#"#sEI Where do they liveE@ Ju? co"esE6 Wh#t=s his n#"eEK Dnde vivsE

H No. old #re you plur#l, %#"ili#r7E

*+ercise ans-ers

l ive version Pdiscu s si o n Pedit # n s.ers P#dd #n #ns.er exercis e7Pco""ent

Articles

o"e girls2 1he "en3 o"e "enI 1he girls@ 3boy6 1he boyK 1he .o"#nH 3 .o"#n

*#s "uMeres
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?ticahttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Answers/Introducci?n_a_la_gram?tica&action=edit&section=new

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C h #pter 32 (nos ho"bres

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3 Al niGoI *#s niG#s@ (n#s niG#s6 (n ho"breK (nos niGosH (n# niG#

*os chicos2 Al g#to3 (n perro

"egular verbs

2 Sou plur#l3 WeI 1hey@ 6 Sou singul#rK H We

Cocin#n2 Co"e3 3"#"osI 1engo@ N#bl#s6 1e"oK Co"?isH +ive


No. old #re youE2 !or Qu? llor#nE3 Wh#t=s your n#"eEI Dnde vivenE

@ Wh#t do you e#tE6 C"o se ll#"#EK Where do you lot liveEH CuFntos #Gos ten?isE

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Dnde vivesE

Wikibooks R

4596N9* ;I;*S8live v ers ion Pdiscussion Pedit ch#pter Pco""ent Prep o rt #n

e rror

9ialogue

;ocabulary*ondres *ondon

!ero ut

!u?s WellRal5 Nol#T Dnde vivesESofa5 Nol#, ;#l +ivo en un piso en *ondres, ngl#terr# S tERal5 +#le +ivo en el sur de Asp#G#Sofa5 An el c#"po o l# ciud#dE

Ral5 Al c#"po *#s ciud#des son ruidos#sSofa5 , pero no h#y n#d# p#r# h#cer en el c#"poRal5 !ues, #dis, o%#TSofa5 N#st# luegoT

Countries of t'e World

Al ;eino (nido ngl#terr# Ascoci# les rl#nd#

Asp#G# )r#nci# le"#ni# t#li# ;usi#

*os Ast#dos(nidos

C#n#dF 'uev# >el#nd# ustr#li# :?xico

W'ere do you live8

1o s#y you #re %ro" # country, you use ser "e#ning 4to be `# per"#nentch#r#cteristicY47, then de "e#ning 4o%4 or 4%ro"47, then the country or pl#ce 1os#y you #re currently living in # pl#ce or country, you use vivir "e#ning 4tolive47, then en "e#ning 4in47, then the country or pl#ce

1o #sk .here so"eone else lives, you use Dnde then vivir 0Dnde vives2"e#ns 4Where do you liveE47 1o #sk .here so"eone is %ro", you use De dnde,
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Lessons/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=new

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35/100 R p#nish

C h #pter I

then ser 0De dnde eres2 "e#ns 4Where #re you %ro"E47

While vivir is tot#lly regul#r vivo, vives, vive, vivi"os, vivs, viven7, ser is#bout #s irregul#r #s they co"e t is conMug#tedbelo.

Spanis' ;erb < 59=nde vives8Ser < $o

be

Ingl?s *spa2ol

0 oy

Sou Ares

Ne$he$t As

We o"os

Sou #ll ois

1hey on

*+a(ples

P Oivo en(nglaterra0 live in Angl#nd

P 3on de Aspaa pero viven en4lemania$1hey #re %ro" p#in, but they live in &er"#ny

$'e co(pass

Al noroeste Al norte Al noreste

Al oeste ] Al esteAl sudoeste

*+a(ples

Al sur Al sudeste

P Oivo en el suroeste de%&xico$0 live in the outh.est o% :exico

P 3oy del norte de4ustralia$=" %ro" the north o% 3ustr#li#

HabitationsSpanis' ;ocabulary < 59=nde vives8

Casas < Houses

Ingl?s *spa2ol

3 house (n# c#s#

3 det#ched house (n# c#s# individu#l

3 se"i-det#ched house (n# c#s# #dos#d#

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Dnde vivesE

3 terr#ced house

3 %l#t (n piso

3bung#lo. (n bung#lo.

3 roo" (n# h#bit#cin

Note

t=s una habitacin, but the plur#l is unas habitaciones .ithout the #ccent7

*+a(ples

P Oivo en unpiso$P 0 live in # %l#t

P Oivo en una casa adosada en 1anad$P 0 live in # se"i-det#tched house in C#n#d#

P Oive en un bungalow que tiene die* habitaciones$P Ne lives in # bung#lo. th#t h#s ten roo"s

Ad/ectives

3s .e #lre#dy le#rnt, p#nish nouns e#ch h#ve # gender 1his doesn=t Must#%%ect the #rticle, but the #dMective/ it h#s to agree lso, #dMectives go #%ter thenoun, not be%ore it

0% the #dMective 6in its n#tur#l %or" - the %or" %ound in the diction#ry7, endsin #n 4B4 or #n 434, then you re"ove th#t vo.el #nd #dd

P @ %or "#sculine singul#r nounsP @3 %or "#sculine plur#l nounsP 4 %or %e"inine singul#r nounsP 43 %or %e"inine plur#l nouns

*+a(ples

P Gn hombre bueno3 good "#n

P Gnos hombres buenoso"e good "enP Gna mujer buena

3 good .o"#nP Gnas mujeres buenas

o"e good .o"en

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C h #pter I

City and Countryside

*# ciud#dE B el c#"poE!:orestK byAleassarLLL"

Spanis' ;ocabulary < 59=nde vives85%a ciudad o el ca(po8 < $'e city or t'e countryside8

Ingl?s *spa2ol

1he city *# ciud#d

1he countryside Al c#"po

1he good thing #bout is th#t *o bueno sobre es Que

1he b#d thing #bout is th#t *o "#lo sobre es Que

1here #re lots o% things to do N#y "uchop#r# h#cer

1here isn=t #nything to do 'o h#y n#d# p#r# h#cer

Sou c#n .#lk in .oodl#nds e puede c#"in#r en los bosQues

1here isn=t #ny %oli#ge 'o Qued# ningn %oll#Me

!retty onito

*ively ni"#do

Juiet 1r#nQuilooring burrido

'oisy ;uidoso

*+a(ples

P 6a ciudad es ruidosa$1he city is noisy

P Bhe countryside is boring$Al c#"po es #burrido

P 6o bueno sobre la ciudad es que hay mucho para hacer$1he good thing #bout the city is th#t there #re lots o% the things to do

P 6o malo sobre la ciudad es que no queda ningunasplantas$1he b#d thing #bout the city is th#t there isn=t #ny %olli#ge

Su((ary

0n this lesson, you h#ve le#rned
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Forest1.jpghttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Forest1.jpghttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Eleassar777http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Eleassar777http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Forest1.jpghttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Eleassar777

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Dnde vivesE

P +#rious countries o% the .orld 4ustralia? (talia? :rancia? los AstadosGnidos7

P No. to s#y .here you #nd others live #nd co"e %ro" Oivo en(nglaterra? 3omos de Eales7

P No. to #sk .here so"eone lives 0Dnde vives27P 1he points o% the co"p#ss el sur? el noroeste? el oeste7P No. to describe your house una casa? un piso7P 1he b#sics o% #dMectives ending in 4B4 or 434 6la mujer mala? el nio

bonito7P No. to t#lk #bout the city o% the countryside 6la ciudad? el campo? no

hay mucho para hacer7

Sou should no. do the exercise rel#ted to e#ch section %ound in the nextsection7, #nd tr#nsl#te the di#logue #t the top be%ore "oving on to lesson %ive

*+ercises


1he #ns.ers c#n be %ound in the next section lso, try tr#nsl#ting thedi#logue #t the top o% the lesson


P 1r#nsl#te the %ollo.ing sentences %ro" p#nish to Anglish

+ivo en ngl#terr#2 on de Asp#G#3 Ares de le"#ni#EI +ivi"os en el sur de )r#nci#@ +ivs en lesE6 As de Ascoci#K Dnde viveEH o"os del norte de rl#nd#L +iven en el suroeste de los Ast#dos (nidos0oy de C#n#dF

P 1r#nsl#te the %ollo.ing sentences %ro" Anglish to p#nish We co"e %ro" p#in2 0 live in Angl#nd3 Ne co"es %ro" the north o% :exicoI Where #re you %ro"E@ Why do you live in ustr#li#E6 1hey co"e %ro" C#n#d#K Do you lot live in W#lesEH Ne=s %ro" the (9L he lives in e#stern &er"#ny
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=new

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39/100D R p#nish

C h #pter I

0Where does he co"e %ro"E

Habitations

:#tch the p#nish to the Anglish

;oo" # ung#lo.2 Nouse b C#s# individu#l

3 ung#lo. c N#bit#cin

I p#rt"ent d +ivir

@ 1o live e N#bit#ciones

6 1err#ced house % !isos

K ;oo"s g C#s#

H Det#tched house h !iso

L )l#ts i C#s# #dos#d#

Ad/ectives

Correct the %ollo.ing sentences

*#s ho"bres "#l#s2 (n niGo buenos3 (n#s niG#s "#loI (n "uMer buen#@ Al ho"brebuen#6 *# niG#bonito

K (nos ho"bres "#l#sH *os "uMers "#los

City and countryside

1r#nsl#te the %ollo.ing %ro" p#nish to Anglish #nd vis# vers#

*# ciud#d es ruidos#2 0 live in # house in the countryside3 Al c#"po es %#ntFstic#/ se puede c#"in#r en los bosQuesI he is %ro" the city@ +iven en el c#"po de ngl#terr#6 1he city is lively/ h#y "uchop#r# h#cerK *o "#lo sobre l# ciud#d es Que no Qued# ningun# %oll#MeH Do you live in the city or the countrysideE

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Dnde vivesE

*+ercise ans-ers

l ive version Pdiscu s si o n Pedit # n s.ers P#dd #n #ns.er exercis e7P co""ent

9ialogue

Ral#-ello. Where do you live2Sofa#-ello /a)l$( live in a flat in 6ondon Angland$ 4nd you2Ral#@>$ ( live in the 3outh of 3pain$Sofa#Bhe the countryside or thecity2Ral#Bhe country$ 1ities arenoisy$Sofa#9es but thereCs nothing to do in the countryside$Ral#Well bye 3ophie.Sofa#3ee you.


0 live in Angl#nd2 1hey=re %ro" p#in3 3re you %ro" &er"#nyEI We live in the outh o% )r#nce@ Do you lot live in W#lesE6 Ne$he$t is %ro" cotl#ndK Where does he$she$it liveEH We #re %ro" 'orthern rel#nd

L 1hey live in outh.estern (0 #" %ro" C#n#d#

o"os de Asp#G#2 +ivo en ngl#terr#3 As del norte de :?MicoI De dnde eresE@ !or Qu? vives en ustr#li#E6 on de C#n#dFK +ivs en lesEH As del ;eino (nidoL +ive en el este de le"#ni#0De dnde esE

Habitations

c2 g3 #I h
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3Fhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edithttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish/Exercises/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=newhttp://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Spanish/Answers/?D?nde_vives%3F&action=edit&section=new

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41/100F R p#nish

C h #pter I

@ d6 iK eH bL %

Ad/ectives

*os ho"bres "#los2 (n niGo bueno3 (n#s niG#s "#l#sI (n# "uMer buen#

@ Al ho"bre bueno6 *# niG# bonit#K (nos ho"bres "#losH *#s "uMeres "#l#s

City and Countryside

1he city is noisy2 +ivo en un# c#s# en el c#"po3 1he countryside is %#nt#stic/ you c#n .#lk in .oodl#ndI As de l# ciud#d@ 1hey live in the Anglish countryside6 *# ciud#d es #ni"#d#/ there=s lo#ds to doK 1he b#d thing #bout the city is th#t there isn=t #ny %oli#geH +ives en l# ciud#d o el c#"poE

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Ju? te gust# h#cerE

Wikibooks R

5# $* L#S$A HAC*"8live v ers ion Pdiscussion Pedit ch#pter Pco""ent Prep o rt #n

e rror

9ialogue

;ocabulary1odo el tie"po 3ll the ti"e

N#st# "#G#n#T ee you to"orro.T

Divertido )unRal5 Nol#, o%#T 1e gust#n los deportesESofa5 uenos d#s :e enc#nt# Mug#r #l %tbol S tERal5 'o "ucho in e"b#rgo, pr#ctico n#t#cin todo el tie"poSofa5 3h, no puedo n#d#r

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43/1004! R p#nish

C h #pter @

3 lot

:#ny'otes

:ucho

P 0n p#nish, i% #n #ctivity is # g#"e, then you 4pl#y4 it jugar7, other.iseyou 4pr#ctice4 it practicar7 )or ex#"ple, it=s jugar el tenis 4to pl#y

tennis47 butpracticar la natacon 4to go s.i""ing47P 1he verbs #re #ll regul#r, except5P Fugar this is discussed in det#il belo.7P Oer veo, ves, ve, ve"os, veis, ven7

*+a(ples

P Oeo la tele mucho$0 .#tch 1+ # lot

P ;ractico natacin$

0 go s.i""ingP 0;racticas judo2Do you do MudoE

P ;racticamos muchas actividades$We do "#ny #ctivites

P 0;or qu& cantis2Why do you sing # lotE

P 01undo lee2When does he or she re#dE

Ste(&c'anging ;erbs

Fugar the %irst type o% irregul#r verb/ kno.n #s # ste(&c'anging verb#sic#lly, in the 404, 4you, 4he$she$it4 #nd 4they4 %or"s, the u or o ch#nges to #ue 1hejugar ex#"ple is .ritten outbelo.

Spanis' ;erb < 5u? te gusta 'acer8ugar < $o play

Ingl?s *spa2ol

0

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P dormir 4to sleep475 duer"o, duer"es, duer"e, dor"i"os, dor"s,duer"en

P encontrar 4to %ind475 encuentro, encuentr#s, encuentr#, encontr#"os,encontrFis, encuentr#n

Notes

P 1he verb jugar #l.#ys h#s a #%ter it5 jugar a 0n p#nish, a el getscontr#cted to al #nd de el gets contr#cted to del o, it .ould be juego alrugby

P ;oder "e#ning 4to be #ble to47 is usu#lly %ollo.ed by #nother verb,"#king 40 c#n do so"ething4 1he %ollo.ing verb "ust be in the in%initive)or ex#"ple,puede leer 4he c#n re#d47

*+a(ples

P Fuego al tenis$

0pl#y tennisP 0Fugis al ajedre*2

Do you pl#y chessEP 07u& deportes juegas2

Wh#t sports do you pl#yEP 01undo juegan al f)tbol2

When do they pl#y %ootb#llEP 0;uedes cantar2

C#n you singEP 0Dnde duermes2

Where do you sleepE

Co(pound Sentences

o %#r, everything .e=ve .ritten h#s been si"ple sentences 4:y n#"e is#nti#go4 %e llamo 3antiago7/ 41he city is noisy4 66a ciudad es ruidosa7/ 40 pl#y#"eric#n %ootb#ll4 Fuego al f)tbol americano7 Wouldn=t it be %#nt#stic i% .ecould Moin the" upE elo. #re so"e little .ords th#t .ill "#ke our sentenceslonger, #nd "ore "e#ning%ul Sou use the" Must like you do in Anglish

lso, everything .e=ve .ritten h#s been positive 640 do this, 0 do th#t47 1o"#ke it neg#tive, .e Must #dd # .ord in %ront o% the verb5 no "e#ning 4not47 or

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nunca "e#ning 4never47 )or ex#"ple,

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Ingl?s *spa2ol:e :e

Sou 1e

Ni"$Ner$t *e

(s 'os

3ll o% you Bs1he" *es

'otes

P *ike #ny other verb, you c#n put no in %ront o% it, to s#y 40 don=t like4

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47/10044 R p#nish

P %e encantan los deportes as vivo en la ciudad$0 love sports, so 0 live in the city

Su((ary

0n this lesson, you h#ve le#rnt5

P No. to s#y so"e sports #nd #ctivities el rugby? la natacin? cantar7P No. to s#y you pl#y #nd do these things juego al rugby? practicamos

natacin7P bout # %e. ste"-ch#nging verbs encuentro encuentras encuentra

encontramos encontris encuentran7P No. to "#ke longer #nd neg#tive sentences 6no? nunca? as? pero7P No. to #sk %or opinions 07u& opinas sobre el f)tbol2? 0Be encanta

leer27P No. to express opinions %e gusta? 6e gustan? %e encanta? @diamos7

Sou should no. do the exercise rel#ted to e#ch section %ound in the nextsection7, #nd tr#nsl#te the di#logue #t the top be%ore "oving on to lesson six

*+ercises



Sports and Activities

:#tch the Anglish to the p#nish

)ootb#ll # ;ugby

2 Cricket b +er l# tele

3 .i""ing c )tbol

I 1o sing d *eer

@ ;ugby e

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Ste(&c'anging ;erbs

P Oolver 4to return47 conMug#tes Must likepoder ConMug#te itbelo. 2 3

I @ 6

P Correct the %ollo.ing sentences !r#ctico n#t#cion2

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49/1004D R p#nish

I :e gust#n "ucho los deportes porQue son #ni"#dos@ Do you like s.i""ingE6'o "e gust# vivir en oston/ no h#y n#d# p#r# h#cerK 1he boys #re cute .hen they singH 3s, por Qu? no pueden c#nt#rEL he likes the countryside bec#use it=s Quiet

0'o "e gust# llor#r

*+ercise ans-ers


9ialogue

Ral#-i 3ophie. 0Do you like sports2

Sofa#Eood afternoon$( love playing football$ 4ndyourself2Ral#

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!r#ctico n#t#ci=n2

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C h #pter 6

4F R p#nish

D5# CO7*S8live v ers ion Pdiscussion Pedit ch#pter Pco""ent Prep o rt #n

e rror

9ialogue;ocabulary

:e he #got#do =ve run out

'ecesit#r 1o need

>u"o de

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gu# f7 !3t illes% ineralwasse rby

W$F$;ilsa k"*eche f7 !%ilkg lass by 3te fan

>+h n"+ino m7 C#%? m7!Burkis h coffeeby

8ert ilvide t"1? m7 !%eissen'tea cupp ink r oseN K

by% iy a"

Notes

P m indic#tes th#t the noun is "#sculine el queso 4the cheese4/ lospltanos 4the b#n#n#s47, .her#s f indic#ted %e"inine 6la lechuga 4thelettuce4/ las uvas 4the gr#pes47

P 0n outh "eric#,papa is used inste#d o% patataP While agua is %e"inine, it t#kes the "#sculine #rticles un #nd el )or

ex#"ple, el agua curiosa 4the str#nge .#ter47 #nd las aguas curiosas 4thestr#nge .#ters47

P 1on "e#ns 4.ith4, sin "e#ns .ithout caf& con leche "e#ns 4co%%ee.ith "ilk4, caf& sin leche "e#ns 4co%%ee .ithout "ilk47

P Wine co"es in t.o v#rieties, 4red4 #nd 4.hite4 0n p#nish, they #revino tinto #nd vino blanco

*+a(ples

P %e gustan los huevos$0 like eggs

P

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1o"#r 1o h#ve %ood$drink7

Des#yun#r 1o e#t7bre#k%#st

l"orU#r 1o e#t7 lunch

Cen#r 1o dine e#t dinner7

Note

3ll o% these verbs #re regul#r except almor*ar, .hich is one o% the (A +erbs.e le#rnt #bout in the l#st ch#pter/ almuer*o almuer*as almuer*aalmor*amos almor*is almuer*an

*+a(ples

P 07u& te gusta almor*ar2Wh#t do you like to e#t %or lunchE

P 1omo naranjas y pltanos pero no me gustan las peras$

0 e#t or#nges #nd b#n#n#s, but 0 don=t likepe#rsP %e gusta comer las uvas$0 like to e#t gr#pes

P 08ebes leche2Do you drink "ilkE

A bottle of -ine

Spanis' ;erbs < 5u? co(es8*ating and 9rinking < Co(er y Beber

*spa2ol Ingl?s

3lgo de o"e

(n v#so de

(n# cop# de3 gl#ss o%

(n# botell# de 3bottle o%

(n# b#rr# de 3 lo#% o%

(n kilo de 3 kilo o%

(n kilo y "edi de Bne #nd # h#l% kilos o%

(n kilo y cu#rto de Bne #nd # Qu#rter kilos o%

jedio kilo de N#l% # kilo o%(n cu#rto de kilo de 3 Qu#rter o% # kilo o%

Notes

P Sou .ill h#ve noticed 4so"e4 on the list, but 4unos$un#s4 is so"eT Ses,it .ould be unas man*anas 4so"e #pples47 but th#t only .orks %or

plur#ls 4o"e bre#d4 h#s to be tr#nsl#ted #s algo de panP lso, there #re t.o .#ys o% s#ying 4# gl#ss o%4 1opa is %or gl#sses .ith

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# ste" "ostly .ine5 una copa de vino7, #nd vaso is used %or .ithout #ste"

P Bbviously, in #ll these phr#ses, the un c#n be repl#ced .ith #ny nu"berDos vasos de leche "e#ns 4t.o gl#sses o% "ilk47

*+a(ples

P Bres botellas de vino tinto1hree bottles o% red .ine

P Gn medio kilo de arro*N#l% # kilo o% rice

P Gna barra depan3 lo#% o% bre#d

P 1inco kilos y media depatatas)ive #nd # h#l% kilos o% pot#toes

In t'e S'op0n p#nish, #s in Anglish, there #re "#ny .#ys o% expressing .h#t you .ould

like to buy, so"e o% .hich #re listed belo. Sou .ill #lso see so"e other use%ul.ords #nd phr#ses %or .hen shopping %or %ood

Spanis' ;erbs < 5u? co(es8I -ould like < 7e gustarKa

*spa2ol Ingl?s

Juisier#Juerr#

:e gust#r#0 .ould like

3h estFn7 1here you go/ voil#

Co"pr#r 1o buy

*# cuent# 1he receipt

Cost#r 1o cost

(n# tiend# 3 shop

Notes

P 1omprar is # tot#lly regul#r verb compro compras compracompramos compris compran7

P With ah est!n", .ith the n is %or plur#l Without is %or singul#rP 1ostar is # B (A verb cuesto cuestas cuesta costamos costis

cuestan7, but obviously, you only use the third person

lso, i% you .#nt to s#y 4No. "uch does it cost, you use 01untocuesta!n"2 cuesta is %or singul#r things, cuestan %or plur#ls, #s seen

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belo.7

*+a(ples

P 7uisiera una man*ana porfavor$0 .ould like #n #pple, ple#se

P 7uerra comprar una barra de pan$=d like to buy # lo#% o% bre#d

P %e gustara comprar una botella de vino tinto porfavor$=d like to buy # bottle o% red .ine, ple#se

P 01unto cuestan las uvas2No. "uch do the gr#pes costE

P 01unto cuesta un kilo de patatas2Wh#t does # kilo o% pot#toes costE

Ad/ectives

Q*Q and Consonant Ad/ectives

0n p#nish, cle#rly not #ll #dMectives end in 4o4 or 4#4 1he good thing #boutthese is th#t they st#y the s#"e, irrespective o% gender

P 3dMectivesending in 4e4 #dd #n 4s4 .hen in theplur#lP 3dMectivesending in # conson#nt #dd #n 4es4 .hen in the plur#l

Notes

P When #n #dMective or indeed # noun7 ends in *, it ch#nges to # c inplur#l, then #dds the 4es4 feli*$felices 4h#ppy47

*+a(ples

P Al hombre amable1he %riendly "#n

P 6a mujer amable

1he %riendly .o"#nP 6os nios amables

1he %riendly boysP 6as nias amables

1he %riendly girls

P Al hombre difcil1he di%%icult "#n

P 6a mujer difcil

1he di%%icult .o"#nP 6os nios difciles

1he di%%icult boysP 6as nias difciles

1he di%%icult girls

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Colours

Colours in p#nish #re Must #dMectives, so they still h#ve to #gree #nd go #%terthe noun 1hey #re sho.nbelo.

Spanis' ;ocabulary < 5u? co(es8

%os colores < $'e colours

Ingl?s *spa2ol;ed ;oMo

Br#nge '#r#nM#

Sello. 3"#rillo

&reen +erde

lue Uul

!urple :or#do

ro.n :#rrn!ink ;os#

White l#nco

&rey &ris

l#ck 'egro

Notes

P 3ll o% these .ill %unction #s nouns, i% you #dd #n #rticle in %ront o% the")or ex#"ple, el morado "e#ns 4the purple one4

P 1he plur#l %or" o% marrn is marrones .ithout the #ccent7/ las*anahorias marrones "e#ns 4the bro.n c#rrots4

P 1he colours naranja #nd rosa end in 4#4 even i% they #re #pplied to #"#sculine/ el coche naranja, 4the or#nge c#r4/ la casa rosa, 4the pinkhouse4

*+a(ples

P 6a man*ana verde1he green #pple

P 6os huevos blancos

1he .hite eggsP Al queso amarillo

1he yello. cheeseP 6as naranjas naranjas

1he or#nge or#nges

Su((ary

0n this lesson, you h#ve le#rnt

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P No. to s#y so"e %oods #nd drinks 6la lechuga? una man*ana? la leche7P No. to s#y you e#t #nd drink things como comes come comemos

com&is comen7P No. to s#y so"e si"ple Qu#ntities un kilo de patatas? una copa de

vino tinto7P Wh#t to s#y in # shop quisiera? querra? la cuenta7P No. to %or" #dMectives th#t don=t end in 4B4 or 434 6la tienda verde? los

quesos a*ules7

Sou should no. do the exercise rel#ted to e#ch section %ound in the nextsection7, #nd tr#nsl#te the di#logue #t the top be%ore "oving on

*+ercises



Mood and 9rink

:#tch the Anglish to the p#nish

(n pepino # W#ter

2 Jueso b 1he c#rrots

3 (n# "#nU#n# c ;iceI *#s per#s d White .ine

@ 1? e 3n egg

6 *#s U#n#hori#s % 3 cucu"ber

K (n huevo g 1e#

H gu# h Cheese

L rroU i 1hepe#rs

0 +ino bl#nco M 3n #pple

W'at do you eat8P ConMug#te the verb beber 4to drink47 #nd cenar 4to dine47 belo.5

2 3 I @ 6
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2 3 I @ 6

A bottle of -ine

:#tch up the %ollo.ing to "#ke sentences th#t "#ke sense

(n kilo y "edi# de # vino tinto

2 3lgo de b leche

3 (n# cop# de c p#t#t#s

I (n v#so de d p#n

@ (n# b#rr# de e p#st#

In t'e s'op

!retend th#t you #re # custo"er in # shop 0n the %ollo.ing di#logue, %ill inyourp#rt

8uenos das$%uy bien gracias$ 07u& quisieras2

Oale$4h estn$1uestan tres euros$,4dis.

Ad/ectives

P Correct the %ollo.ing sentencesP 3h estF tres to"#tes verde

P *os "uMeres son di%cilesP :e gust# ho"bres #"#bleP Bdie pepinosP 'o les gust#n co"er p#t#t#s con Queso

P 1r#nsl#te the %ollo.ingbet.een p#nish #nd AnglishP 0 h#te e#ting to"#toes5 they=reboringP 'o to"# Queso o leche porQue es veg#no ` veg#no veg#n YP 0 don=t drink "ilk bec#use it=s .hiteP Juerr#s co"pr#r un# "#nU#n#EP Does she likep#st# .ith to"#toes #nd c#rrotsE

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*+ercise ans-ers


Mood and 9rink

%7 3 cucu"ber2 h7 Cheese3M7 3n #ppleI i7 1hepe#rs@ g7 1e#6 b7 1he c#rrotsK e7 3n eggH #7 W#terL c7 ;ice0d7 ;ed .ine

W'at do you eat8

ebo2 ebes3 ebeI ebe"os@ eb?is6 eben

Ceno2 Cen#s3 Cen#I Cen#"os@ CenFis6 Cen#n

A bottle of -ine

c7 (n kilo y "edi# dep#t#t#s

2 e7 3lgo dep#st#3 #7 (n# cop# de vino tintoI b7 (n v#so de leche@ d7 (n# b#rr# de p#n

In t'e s'op

8uenos das$
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uenos d#s Ju? t#lE%uy bien gracias$ 07u& quisieras2Juisier# seis huevos ` c#n be #nything, so long #s it=s plur#l YOale$4h estn$CuFnto cuest#nE

1uestan tres euros$

&r#ci#s dis,4dis.

Ad/ectives

P 3h estFn tres to"#tes ver

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