203.2 98in 4a - irc · 2014-03-09 · 203.2 98in 4a irc inttmnarional water and sanitation c lent...

203 .2 98IN 4A

IRCInttMnarional Water and Sanitation C lent re

P.O. BOX 28Ö9, 2^01 CW PLLIT, THL NETHERLANDS I

Jlibrary-IC lnie< national Wateranci Saniiation CentreTel.: +31 70 30 689 80Fax: +31 70 35 899 64

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timeaat)

of HealthLao PDR

FUNDED BY SWEDISH INTERNATIONALDEVELOPMENT COOPERATION AGENCY

UNDP ' Worid Bank Waterand Sanitation ProgramfgM|P - EAP

TRANSMISSION ROUTE FOR DISEASES FROM EXCRETA

CHILD SUFFERING FROM DISEASE DUE TO THE CONTAMINATION FROM UNSAFE DISPOSAL OF EXCRETA

LIBRARY IRC •POBoxJT- ME HAGUE

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\\ TWPHA

4a v n o 4

PREVENTION OF EXCRETA RELATED DISEASE

1. u*it£ooiqi£jca)3nii^o©*m)

2.

3.

4.

5. OJLHU*)SB8fio

6. j i

Use latrines for excreta disposal

Wash your hand with soap after using latrines

Wash raw vegitables and fruits with clean water

Use clean water to cook and wash plates and pans

Drink safe water

Wash your hands with soap before eating and cooking

Rural Water SupplyOptions

• Improved TraditionalPractices

• Protected Dug Well• Protected Dug Well with

Handpump• Spring Protection• Borehole Water System -

Tara Handpump• Borehole Water System -

India Mark III• Rain water collection• Gravity Fed Water System

Option 3 Option 4

Spring Protection

5. »BÖuufutcwuoofi^üJJJjauu^

W

15 CUJOIUJUI

1186) 10 0JUO

stnu

infiuai

4

0,8

0,5

1 ao

200

Bore hole system Tara hand pump

Advantages

Corrosion resistanceFast & easy instaflatkmCapacky of drawing water A depth of 15 mLess risk of contaminationUsually ggod water qualityThe water level is less affected by seasonalfluctuationsLittle labor required from community

Disadvantages

• Require drilling equipment• Maintenance of pump is required• Imported spare parts and pump• Requires some technical skill

300 m*J 400

50

Tentative material required

CementGravelSandEngine oil

4 bags0,8 m3

0,5 m3

Hit

Tara Hand PumpBore hole casing pipes ( 0 4'') min. 10 m

Tentative material cost

USD 200 including Tara hand Pump

Drilling cost

USD 300-400

Recurrent cost

USD 50/year

Protected Dug Well With Hand Pump

*

a»0u0nönSnaifi«8iJ«ioüeejSut^ 100 n

40-60cCH

«noncau

tneft} 0 3 f (2 uo)

100

60ttlio

5

3

S088U

• V*\

500 aib 500 on 1000

20 tooi/D

pfotocflon

Advantages

Quick and easy implementättt»)Improvement of traditional sourceRequres little maintenanceSpring water in general are of good qualitySustainableLocally available materials

Disadvantage»

• Might be a maximum distance of up to 500 m betweenvillage and spring

• Sometimes a difficult climb to / from spring• Risk of source getting dry due to deforestation in the

area• Requires some technical skill during construction


Small spring protection, serving 100 people:Cement 40-60 bagsRebar (08mm) 100 kgBinding wire 5 kgPVC(pipes2") 60 mGravel 5 m"Sand 3 m1

Tentative material coat

USD 500-1000

Recurrent cost

USD 20/year

Improved Traditional Practices

2.

g»mj«io 1

emu (0,5 ua)

tnnnaen

18

3

5

3 So

1 nta

1 0 <u,|

4 -

4

rope

Advantagesi Familiar technology' Simple technology• Sustainable• Replicabte by community itself• Materials and equipment readily available• Does not require imported materials or equipment• Technical skills locally available

Disadvantages

• Difficult in rocky and flooded areas• Risk of contamination in open dug well• Risk of well getting dry in dry season

Tentative material required for 10 m deepand 1 m 0 dog well

Cement 18 bagsSand 3m3

Gravel (1/2") 5 m3

Used oil 3 litRebar ( 0 6mm) 100 kgBinding wire 1 kgPulley (metaU)BucketRope

Locally available material for roof


USD 300

Recurrent cost

USD 20 / year

I a-*.

Rain water Collection

8.

weiijoT (50 JUU)

weiijo») (32 uu)

coiSncÄii (10JUU)

«nSntiSu (6 xiu)

12 a.

2nu1 nu

80c£H

100 ni

50)fts

orbu

Donau

6000

1000 mi 6000

nä

S Gravity Fad Water System

Advaniagas

Little maintenance if installed propertyStand posts close to houses

Possibility of extension and upgrade»»SiotumbkCoDVeuwnt


Small scheme (100 households, 2km pipeline);

Disadvantages

• High initial costs• Water quality may fluctuate if without proper filtration• Risk of pipeline getting damaged during road

construction if not properly maintained• Requires treatment if surface water is utilized as

source• Requires more labor from the community• Requires technical skill

HOPE pipe (SO mm)HOPE pipe (32 mm)CementRebar(lOmm)Rebar (8 mm)Rebar (6mm)SandGravelTaps and fittings

Material cost

USD 6000

2km1 km (approx.)80 bags100 kg100 kg50 kg8m3

12 m3

Depending on size of system the cost will vary betweenUSD 1000-6000

Recurrent cost

USD 210/year

Protected Dug Well

3.

TO:

(0,5 uo)

20 ct>i

3 j

5

unancSiy

SJOOOJO

3 So

15 n t » ,?=i

360

50 oo*) / 9

3 Protected dug well with hand pump

Advantages

• Fully protected• Fully covered and safe for children• During HP break down still can use

Disadvantages

• Maintenance of pump is required• Spare parts and pump have to be imported• Risk of well getting dry in dry season• Required technical skill


CementSandGravel (1/2")Used oilRebar(06mni)Rebar ( 0 8mm)Binding wire

20 bags3 m3

5 m3

3 lit100 kgIS kgI kg

Hand pump


USD 360

Recurrent cost

USD 50 / year

Borehole System India Mark III Hand Pump

7.

t v

, iß1» a»ao£*jainmi3 6

11 cO-i

emu (fiumnoijsewnsio) 1

0,2

ISUJ (3/4 So)

cäfam&u (6 JJJÜ)

aootfo 1 ma

0,5 tttiofieu

5 du

tn, TienaavcJiDn

2,5

0,24 aljonsu

1/3

eJijat* 1 Su

6 aijorieu : 110

te3tf1ue»oij*io 2 tutoneu : 43

7 RAIN WATER COLLECTION

ADVANTAGES •

1234

ADDCnOMAL DRWKMQ WATER SOURCESERVICES AND SUPPORT AVAILABLE LOCALLYREPUCABLS BY COMMUNITYSUITABLE FOR «OLATEO HOUSEHOLDS

DISADVANTAGES

5

67

Bft&OMO PLACE FOR MOSQUITO IF NOTPROPERLY COVEREDN O T SUFFICIENT FOR ALL THE YEARREQUIRE SUITABLE ROOFING TO COLLECTRAMWATER

TENTATIVE MATERIAL REQUIRED

01 MftRE REINFORCED CEMENT MORTAR TANK 6 H*CAPACITY:

CementGravd (line grinding)Sand (cause)Gravel (3/4")Gl™ 14Steel ( 0 6mm)CI binding win:Fittings

Traditional tank 2 m1 capacity:CEMEKTS A N D

VWREDUSTY COLOR

TUBETAPCOVERLID


Cement tank 6 m' :USD 110Traditional tank 2 mJ:USD 45

RECURREI*TCOST

USD 50/YEAR

11 bagsIm3

0 2 m3

0.5 mJ

9 kg

5 pieces

2 , S B A O S0,24 M1

1.5KO1/3 KO

1 PIECE1 PECE

1 PIECE

Borehole System Tara Hand Pump

L

6. III

40

ucmutnutmu,£$3

emu

fii»omo 4

4

0,8

0,5

10

1 ao

"»OS83J :

300 mi 400 toai

Bore hole system India Marie til Hand pump

Advantages

Capacity ofdrawii% water at depth ui 40 mDurable, oat much raaintenayice roquiredLess rek ofcjjntarainationUaially good water quafityWater level less affected by seasonal fluctuationsLittle labor required from community


CementGravelSandEngine oil

4 bags0,8 ro3

0,5 m'1 lit

India Mark ID PumpBore hole casing pipes ( 0 4") mm. 10 m

Disadvantages

• In some areas risk of corrosion in pump and iron inwater

• Repair of pump require trained persons and specifictools

• Spare parts and pump have to be imported• Require drilling equipment• Requires some technical skill


USD 300 including Hand Pump

Drilling cost

USD 300-400

Recurrent cost

USD 50/year

Gravity Fed System

J ; j ^ ^ ^

V 9 Jage

Sanitation

Option 6

Option 5

Option 7 Option 8

jjszn

ma

(tänen 1)

I -

1 improved traditional practice

Advantages• Improved water quality• Improved hygiene behavior• Affordable

Disadvantages

• Risk of contamination


Firewood for boilingor

Simple pot-gravel filter

2 clay pots (one with tap)Gravel and sand of different sizes

tentative material cost

Filter: 10-15 USD

l

203.2 98in 4a - irc · 2014-03-09 · 203.2 98in 4a irc inttmnarional water and sanitation c lent...

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