2019/06/05 system purpose in red hat enterprise linux 8 sr....

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System Purpose in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 Shinji Kito Sr. Technical Account Manager 2019/06/05 1

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Page 1: 2019/06/05 System Purpose in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 Sr. …people.redhat.com/kfujii/cc2019/R304S4_RHC_2019_System_Purpos… · [root@rhel8 sssd]# systemctl enable --now cockpit.socket

System Purpose in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8

Shinji KitoSr. Technical Account Manager2019/06/05

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Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8について

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自己紹介

● Shinji Kito● 2009年 Red Hat 入社● Linuxの経験 20年以上● 複数のスタートアップ

Shinji Kito

Larry ootpa Troan

ootpa = ewt (oot) + pa3

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● 「教育とは学校で習つたことを悉(ことごと)く忘れた、その後に残つてゐるものをいふのだ」これは実に穿(うが)つた言葉である

新渡戸稲造

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Agenda

1. 背景/なぜSystem Purposeが必要なのか

2. ツールの紹介(anaconda/subscription-manager/syspurpose)

3. Cockpitプラグイン

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1. 背景/なぜSystem Purposeが必要なのか

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RHEL7でのサブスクリプション(x86_64の場合)

.… など

SKU: Stock Keeping Unit - 製品やサービスの固有のIDhttps://access.redhat.com/ja/articles/1280223 (DesktopとWorkstationの比較)7

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Product Key File (1/3)

● Product keyの確認方法

Source: https://access.redhat.com/solutions/373533

# rct cat-cert /etc/pki/product/69.pem

+-------------------------------------------+ 製品証明書+-------------------------------------------+

証明書: パス: /etc/pki/product/69.pem... 開始日: 2015-09-11 11:09:22+00:00 終了期日: 2035-09-06 11:09:22+00:00...

製品: ID: 69 名前: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server バージョン: 7.2 アーキテクチャー: x86_64 タグ: rhel-7,rhel-7-server

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Product Key File (2/3)

● Product keyを再度ダウンロードするには?

Source: https://access.redhat.com/labs/rhpc/9

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Product Key File (3/3)

Source: https://access.redhat.com/labs/rhpc/

RHEL8では、Product ID 479を使用します。

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RHEL7/8でのProduct Key(x86_64の場合)

Source: https://access.redhat.com/solutions/373533

...など

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RHEL7でのサブスクリプション(s390x/ppc64/ppc64le/aarch64の場合)

ALT(Alternative Architectures): RHEL7.5以降で提供している4.14ベースのカーネル ”kernel-alt” パッケージです。12

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サブスクリプションの確認方法

1. https://access.redhat.com/management/subscriptions にアクセスします

2. サブスクリプション名をクリックします

3. 詳細が表示されます

Source: https://access.redhat.com/solutions/96765313

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問題点や課題

● RHEL8では、x86_64が複数のエディションから1つに統合されました

● x86_64のそれぞれのエディションは、費用が異なります

● 既に購入された同じSKUを引き続き使いたいです

● どうやってRHEL8のx86_64のシステムを適切なSubscriptionと紐づけたらいいのか?

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解決策:System Purpose (1/2)

● エンタイトルサーバに必要な情報を提供し、最も適切な

Subscription SKUを紐づけます

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解決策:System Purpose (2/2)● どのようにして?

○ 3つの質問 ■ Role■ Service Level■ Usage■ AddOns (RHEL8.1)

○ 3つのツール■ anaconda■ subscription-manager■ syspurpose (new) 16

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2. ツールの紹介(anaconda/subscription-manager/syspurpose)

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System Purpose: anaconda

1. Role2. Service Level Agreement3. Usage18

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System Purpose: subscription-manager

● 新規モジュール: role, service-level, usage, (addons) [root@rhel8 ~]# subscription-manager --help|egrep "addons|role|service-level|usage" addons システムの目的のアドオン属性を変更または表示します role システムの目的ロールを変更します service-level このシステムのサービスレベルを管理します usage このシステムの使用状況に関する設定を管理します

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System Purpose: subscription-manager

● 新規モジュール: role [root@rhel8 ~]# subscription-manager role --help使用方法: subscription-manager role [オプション]

システムの目的ロールを変更します

オプション: -h, --help ヘルプメッセージを表示して終了します --proxy=PROXY_URL proxy_hostname:proxy_port 形式のプロキシー URL ... --set=SET Set role of system purpose --unset Unset role of system purpose[root@rhel8 ~]# subscription-manager role --set "RHEL Server"role set to "RHEL Server".

[root@rhel8 ~]# subscription-manager role --unsetrole の設定が解除されました。

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System Purpose: subscription-manager

● 変更になったモジュール: service-level [root@rhel8 ~]# subscription-manager service-level --help使用方法: subscription-manager service-level [オプション]

このシステムのサービスレベルを管理します

オプション: -h, --help ヘルプメッセージを表示して終了します --proxy=PROXY_URL proxy_hostname:proxy_port 形式のプロキシー URL…[root@rhel8 ~]# subscription-manager service-level --set "Premium"service_level_agreement set to "Premium".

[root@rhel8 ~]# subscription-manager service-level --unsetservice_level_agreement の設定が解除されました。

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System Purpose: subscription-manager

● 新規モジュール: usage [root@rhel8 ~]# subscription-manager usage --help使用方法: subscription-manager usage [オプション]

このシステムの使用状況に関する設定を管理します

オプション: -h, --help ヘルプメッセージを表示して終了します...

[root@rhel8 ~]# subscription-manager usage --set "Development/Test"usage set to "Development/Test".

[root@rhel8 ~]# subscription-manager usage --unsetusage の設定が解除されました。

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System Purpose: subscription-manager

● 新規モジュール: addons [root@rhel8 ~]# subscription-manager addons --helpYou are attempting to use a locale that is not installed.使用方法: subscription-manager addons [オプション]

システムの目的のアドオン属性を変更または表示します

オプション: -h, --help ヘルプメッセージを表示して終了します...

[root@rhel8 ~]# subscription-manager addons --add "Extended Update Support"addons を更新しました。

[root@rhel8 ~]# subscription-manager addons --remove "Extended Update Support"Addons を更新しました。

[root@rhel8 ~]# subscription-manager addons --unsetaddons の設定が解除されました。

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subscription-manager-gui

● RHEL5 ○● RHEL6 ○● RHEL7 ○● RHEL8 ×

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System Purpose: syspurpose

● 新規ツール: python3-syspurpose.rpm[root@rhel8 ~]# rpm -q python3-syspurposepython3-syspurpose-1.23.8-35.el8.x86_64

[root@rhel8 ~]# syspurpose --helpusage: syspurpose [-h]... sub-command help

set 指定プロパティーの値を設定unset 指定プロパティーの値を無効化 (削除)add 指定プロパティーに値を追加remove 指定プロパティーから値を削除set-role Set the system role to the system syspurposeunset-role Clear set roleadd-addons Add addons to the system syspurposeremove-addons Remove addons from the system syspurposeunset-addons Clear set addonsset-sla システム SLA を設定unset-sla SLA の設定を削除set-usage システムの使用方法を設定しますunset-usage Clear set usageshow 現行システムの syspurpose を表示します25

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System Purpose: syspurpose

[root@rhel8 ~]# syspurpose set-role "RHEL Server"role に設定された RHEL ServerSystem purpose successfully sent to subscription management server.[root@rhel8 ~]# syspurpose set-sla "Premium"service_level_agreement に設定された PremiumSystem purpose successfully sent to subscription management server.[root@rhel8 ~]# syspurpose set-usage "Production"usage に設定された ProductionSystem purpose successfully sent to subscription management server.[root@rhel8 ~]# syspurpose add-addons "Extended Update Support"Added Extended Update Support to addons.System purpose successfully sent to subscription management server.[root@rhel8 ~]# syspurpose show{ "addons": [

"Extended Update Support" ], "role": "RHEL Server", "service_level_agreement": "Premium", "usage": "Production"}System purpose successfully sent to subscription management server.

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Demo: System Purpose: syspurpose

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System Purpose: syspurpose RFE BZs

● BZ#1632283(private) - [RFE] subscription-manager and syspurpose should warn when setting a role, addon, usage, or SLA not available for the organization.

● BZ#1634023(private) - [RFE] - Provide a way to list the valid syspurpose values for end user

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System Purpose: ログファイル

[root@rhel8 ~]# tail -f /var/log/rhsm/rhsm.log...2019-05-15 18:10:44,378 [INFO] syspurpose:10018:MainThread @connection.py:924 - Connection built: host=subscription.rhsm.redhat.com port=443 handler=/subscription auth=identity_cert ca_dir=/etc/rhsm/ca/ insecure=False2019-05-15 18:10:44,989 [INFO] syspurpose:10018:MainThread @connection.py:638 - Response: status=200, request="GET /subscription/status"2019-05-15 18:10:45,729 [INFO] syspurpose:10018:MainThread @connection.py:638 - Response: status=200, requestUuid=d6fe8765-0c43-4189-b138-477b9bf13d27, request="GET /subscription/consumers/bd09654f-c238-46b5-a1c1-92861b3ec4aa"2019-05-15 18:10:46,470 [INFO] syspurpose:10018:MainThread @connection.py:638 - Response: status=204, requestUuid=08a74730-76d2-4471-9a50-686f4ee52b49, request="PUT /subscription/consumers/bd09654f-c238-46b5-a1c1-92861b3ec4aa"

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3. Cockpitプラグイン

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Cockpitとは

● Webベースの対話型サーバー管理インターフェース● システムのモニターや管理ができます● ログの表示/ソートができます● ストレージのモニターや管理ができます● ネットワーキングのモニターや管理ができます● ブラウザ上でターミナルの操作ができます

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Cockpitの使い方 (1/2)

[root@rhel8 ~]# yum install cockpit[root@rhel8 ~]# firewall-cmd --list-allpublic (active) target: default icmp-block-inversion: no interfaces: ens3 sources: services: cockpit dhcpv6-client ssh…[root@rhel8 ~]# ssh [email protected]@localhost's password:Activate the web console with: systemctl enable --now cockpit.socket

[root@rhel8 ~]# systemctl enable --now cockpit.socketCreated symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/cockpit.socket → /usr/lib/systemd/system/cockpit.socket.

[root@rhel8 ~]# ssh skito@localhostskito@localhost's password:Web console: https://rhel8.localdomain:9090/ or https://192.168.122.72:9090/

Last login: Tue May 14 15:21:47 2019 from 192.168.122.1

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Cockpitの使い方 (2/2)

1

2 3

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Cockpitのログイン画面

sudoと同じ

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Cockpitのオーバービュー

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Cockpit: iPhone/iPadなどの画面

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Cockpit: Subscription (登録 1/3)

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Cockpit: Subscription (登録 2/3)

Source: https://access.redhat.com/articles/1378093 (Creating Red Hat Activation Keys)38

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Cockpit: Subscription (登録 3/3)

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まとめ

● System Purposeが必要な理由● 変更/追加されたツール● Cockpitとプラグインについて

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捕足:パフォーマンス プロファイル

System Purpose ≠ Tuned profile

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補足:セッション レコーディングの設定 (1/2)

[root@rhel8 ~]# yum install tlog cockpit-session-recording[root@rhel8 sssd]# cat /etc/sssd/sssd.conf[domain/local]id_provider = files

[sssd]domains = localservices = nss, pam, ssh, sudo

[root@rhel8 sssd]# chmod 600 sssd.conf[root@rhel8 sssd]# systemctl restart sssd[root@rhel8 sssd]# systemctl enable --now cockpit.socket

// Journal database logs do not survive a system reboot, so change the storage option to persistent[root@rhel8 sssd]# mkdir -p /var/log/journal[root@rhel8 sssd]# sed -i 's/#Storage=auto/Storage=persistent/' /etc/systemd/journald.conf[root@rhel8 sssd]# systemctl restart systemd-journald.service

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補足:セッション レコーディングの設定(2/2)

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補足:セッション レコーディングでの記録

[skito@fedora29 tmp]$ ssh skito@demoskito@demo's password:Activate the web console with: systemctl enable --now cockpit.socket

Last login: Fri May 24 16:39:57 2019 from ::1

ATTENTION! Your session is being recorded!

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補足:セッション レコーディングの再生 (1/2)

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補足:セッション レコーディングの再生 (2/2)

[root@rhel8 ~]# journalctl -o verbose | grep -i \"rec\"MESSAGE={"ver":"2.2","host":"rhel8.skito","rec":"2a4895dacc414eec9d057ad53b1acbca-4abf-2e078","user":"skito","ter

m":"xterm-256color","session":15,"id":1,"pos":0,"timing":"=124x24+74>35","in_txt":"","in_bin":[],"out_txt":"\u001b]0;skito@rhel8:~\u0007[skito@rhel8 ~]$ ","out_bin":[]}

MESSAGE={"ver":"2.2","host":"rhel8.skito","rec":"2a4895dacc414eec9d057ad53b1acbca-4abf-2e078","user":"skito","term":"xterm-256color","session":15,"id":2,"pos":268494,"timing":"=124x24>1+64>1+150>1+161>1+309>1+134>1+69>1+182>1+150>50+711>1+77>1+66>1+771>1+71>1+574>1+388>2+68>42","in_txt":"","in_bin":[],"out_txt":"hostname\r\nrhel8.skito\r\n\u001b]0;skito@rhel8...[root@rhel8 ~]# tlog-play -r journal -M TLOG_REC=2a4895dacc414eec9d057ad53b1acbca-4abf-2e078[skito@rhel8 ~]$ hostnamerhel8.skito[skito@rhel8 ~]$ whoamiskito

….

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References● https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/8/

(Product Documentation for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8)● https://access.redhat.com/articles/3973711

(Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 Beta Feature Overview Videos)● https://github.com/cockpit-project/cockpit/wiki

(Cockpit Wiki)● https://cockpit-project.org/● https://access.redhat.com/articles/1189123

(Common administrative commands in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5, 6, 7, and 8)● https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/8/html/package_manifest

/index● https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/8/html/monitoring_and_

managing_system_status_and_performance/using-the-web-console-for-selecting-performance-profiles_monitoring-and-managing-system-status-and-performance

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Q & A

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Thank you!49