2016 urisa track: a spatial analysis of bicycling behavior using census data? by jim castagneri
TRANSCRIPT
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A Spatial Analysis of Bicycling Behavior Using Census Data?
GIS in the RockiesSeptember, 2016
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Why Bicycling?
Bicycling has an important history in Colorado
Courtesy; Denver Public Library
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Bicycling has a major impact on Colorado
Colorado ranks second behind Vermont in money spent per capita on bicycles.
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Bicycling has a major impact on Colorado
• Colorado has more licensed bike racers per capita than any other state.
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Reasons for Bicycling Analysis
Increases in cycling participation has been shown to:– Reduce Motor Vehicle Traffic and Congestion– Improve Health and Welfare– Increase Tourism and Retail Sales– Promote quality of life through Sport Cycling • Ride the Rockies, Triple By Pass, Pedal the Plains, Tour
of the Moon, MS-100• Improve the Olympic sport talent base
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How we Track Cycling Behavior
Special Interests Conduct Research or Surveys:– League of American Bicyclists– People for Bikes– Alliance for Biking and Walking– University Research
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How we Track Cycling Behavior
Government Records and Surveys– U.S. Department of Transportation• NHTSA Survey of Bicyclist and Pedestrian Attitudes
– CDC Grants and Health Surveys• Partnerships to Improve Community Health (PICH)
grants• Bicycling safety and statistics
– Census Surveys• American Community Survey, etc.
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How we Track Cycling Behavior
Current Methods for Conducting Bicycling Surveys and Cyclist Counts are:
• Not uniform or have inconsistent coverage• Follow few if any data standards• Irregular in timeframe• Not geographically distributed
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Census Data for Bicycling Analysis?
Yes! – It’s Consistent– It’s Geographically Distributed– It’s Well documented– It’s online and free!
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Census Data for Bicycling Analysis?
What Data Sources are there?
– Economic Census– Census of Foreign Trade– American Time-Use Survey (ATUS)– American Community Survey (ACS)
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The Geography of Demographics
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Census tracts are the spatial fabric for demographic analysis
They Facilitate:• Year to year trends of a single Census variable• Spatial correlation of multiple variables• Analysis of sub-county distributions– Residence location demographics– Place of work transportation characteristics
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Factors contributing to Bicycling
1. Individual and Household Income2. Individual attitudes or perceptions3. Neighborhood characteristics and
bicycle facilities…or something we can call ‘Exposure’
* According to Sener, Eluru, and Baht (2010)
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Demographic Variables influencing Bicycling Behavior
• Age (35-54)• Income ($45,000 +)• Education (Bachelors Degree)• Occupation (professional)• Gender (mostly male)
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Why Spatial Analysis?
• Spatial relationships exist between bicycling enthusiasts and other demographic characteristics;– Areas with high numbers of bicycle commuters
also have higher numbers of bicycle racers.– Higher levels of education correlate with more
bicycle commuting & racing– Bicycle Commuting is highly correlated with
hospital and university locations
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More Spatial Analysis?
Tract level ACS bicycling data can pinpoint high density neighborhoods for planning:
– On street bike lanes– Bike lockers at RTD stations– New bike shop locations– Community events
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Tract Level ACS Data
• Provides an estimate of total bicycle commuters
• Provides separate estimates for Men and Women….
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Interactive Online Map
http://www.arcgis.com/home/webmap/viewer.html?webmap=0fad75461f514cf38fe696a01b33d7d2
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Where to get Census data?
American Factfinder:
http://www.census.gov/data/data-tools/american-factfinder.html
* See “How to Use American Factfinder” at the link above for best practices
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References• Karsch, H. M., Hedlund, J. H., Tison, J., & Leaf, W. A. (2012, June). Review of
Studies on Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety, 1991-2007. (Report No. DOT HS 811 614). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
• William E. Moritz, Ph.D, (Revised March 30, 1998). ADULT BICYCLISTS IN THE UNITED STATES –CHARACTERISTICS AND RIDING EXPERIENCE IN 1996, University of Washington.
• Ipek N. Sener, Naveen Eluru, and Chandra R. Bhat, An Analysis of Bicyclists and Bicycling Characteristics: Who, Why, and How Much are they Bicycling?, Retrieved from: http://www.ce.utexas.edu/prof/bhat/abstracts/sener_eluru_bhat_bicycle_rev_jan18_trbstyle.pdf
• McCullough, Robert L. (2015). Old Wheelways, MIT Press.• Castagneri, J (June 2014). Is Your City Cycling? Retrieved from: http
://www.active.com/cycling/articles/is-your-city-cycling.
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Thank you!
Jim CastagneriGeographer
US Bureau of the CensusDenver