2016 ncc changes for mid-rise timber buildings · • detail of 2016 ncc provisions • sprinklers...
TRANSCRIPT
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2016 NCC Changes for
Mid-rise Timber Buildings
Alastair Woodard
WoodSolutions
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Contents
• Brief background & summary of new 2016 NCC Changes to the DTS Provisions that now allow Mid-rise Timber Buildings
• Detail of 2016 NCC Provisions
• Sprinklers
• Fire Protected Timber
• Non-combustible Insulation
• Cavity Barriers
• Other Important NCC Requirements
• Further WoodSolutions Resources
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NCC 2016 – A Game Changer
The National Construction Code (NCC) is the regulatory framework for determining the minimum design and construction requirements for buildings in Australia.
NCC Volume 1 the Building Code of Australia
Class 2 to Class 9 Buildings
is the document relevant to mid-rise timber buildings
(hereon referred to simply as the NCC)
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NCC Compliance Pathways
Two pathways are available under the NCC to demonstrate performance
Image of new WS Design Guide
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NCC 2016 – Proposal for Change: Timber Construction
Prior to NCC 2016, timber construction systems in Australia have been restricted to 3 storeys under the Deemed-to-Satisfy(DTS) provisions with higher buildings requiring an ‘Alternative Solution’ pathway for compliance purposes.
Project: Forte LivingBuilder: Lend LeaseLocation: Docklands ,Melbourne
Project :: Ruskin St TownhousesArchitect :: Marcus O’Reilly ArchitectLocation :: Elwood, VICPhotographer :: Dianna Snape
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Hung
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Por
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Switz
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Slova
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Finland
Aus
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Japa
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Rom
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Cze
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Cana
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Aus
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Denm
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Italy
USA
Ger
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Slove
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Franc
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Iceland
Belgium
Gre
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Ireland
Neth
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New
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No Sprinklers With Sprinklers
Maximum Storey Height for Timber DTS Buildings - 2013
NCC 2016 – Proposal for Change: Timber Construction
Globally, many countries now allow construction of timber systems
well above 3 storeys.
Source: TDA NSW
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NCC 2016 – New Timber Construction Provisions
The 2016 NCC, has been amended to now allow under the Deemed-to-Satisfy (DTS) provisions the use of fire-protected timber construction systems in
Class 2 (apartments),
Class 3 (eg hotels) and
Class 5 (offices) buildings
up to 25 metres in effective height (herein termed ‘mid-rise construction’).
Mid-rise
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Rise in
storey
Type of Construction
Class 2 Class 3 Class 5 Class 6 Class 9a Class 9b
Apartments Hotels Office Shops Healthcare Schools &
public
buildings
4 or more A A A A A A
3 A A B B A A
2 B B C C B B
1 C C C C C C
Maximum Timber Storey Height by Building Classification (BCA 2014)
Low-rise
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Maximum Timber Storey Height by Building Classification (BCA 2016)
Mid-rise
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Major New Opportunity
• O
Apartments (Class 2) eg Hotels (Class 3) Office Buildings (Class 5)
• A major new opportunity for a wide range of timber products and systems
Mid-rise Apartment Project
Location: British Columbia
Photo: Geoff Stringer
Project: Wood Innovation Design Centre
Location: British Columbia
Architect: Michael Green
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In Brief - New DTS Provisions
• The new DTS provisions cover both
• traditional ‘lightweight timber framing’ and
• new ‘massive timber systems’ such as cross laminated timber (CLT)
Lightweight timber framing
CLT
Fire resistant plasterboard
and consist of the use of appropriate layers of fire resistant plasterboard – to provide‘fire- protected timber’ - and the use of compliant automatic sprinkler systems.
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Key Issues - Fire & Sound Protection
• A range of factors need to be considered as part of the design of these types of construction, but particularly the key issues of: fire protection and sound attenuation.
Appropriate fire-resisting construction is critical to
providing acceptable levels of fire safety
Sound insulation is important because of its daily impact on
the quality of life.
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NCC Changes for Timber Construction
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Summary of NCC Changes for Timber Construction
Provide in Section A General Provisions, Part A1 Interpretations, new definitions
in Clause A1.1 Definitions for Fire Protected Timber and Massive Timber
Add to Section C Fire Resistance,Part C1 Fire Resistance and Stability
a new clause- Clause C1.13 Fire Protected Timber: Concession to deem fire-protected timber non
combustible subject to appropriate controls
Provide in Section A General Provisions a new Specification A1.1 Fire Protected Timber defining the required
performance of fire protected timber and method of verification with deemed to satisfy plasterboard solutions
Amend Section C Fire Resistance , Specification C1.1 Fire-resisting Construction, Clauses 3.1 Type A Fire Resisting Construction
and 4.1 Type B Fire Resisting Construction to permit the use of fire-protected timber
subject to appropriate controls in list of concrete and masonry elements
Provide to Section C Fire Resistance a new Specification C1.13 Cavity
Barriers for Fire Protected Timber defining locations and required
performance of cavity barriers to address risk of spread through
cavities
6 major
clause
changes or
inclusions
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Summary of NCC Changes for Timber Construction
Provide in Section A General Provisions, Part A1 Interpretations,
new definitions in Clause A1.1 Definitions for Fire Protected Timber
and Massive Timber
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Summary of NCC Changes for Timber Construction
Provide in Section A General Provisions, Part A1 Interpretations, new definitions
in Clause A1.1 Definitions for Fire Protected Timber and Massive Timber
Provide in Section A General Provisions a new Specification A1.1 Fire Protected Timber defining the
required performance of fire protected timber and method of
verification with deemed to satisfy plasterboard solutions
We will look at this in more detail
shortly
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Summary of NCC Changes for Timber Construction
Provide in Section A General Provisions, Part A1 Interpretations, new definitions
in Clause A1.1 Definitions for Fire Protected Timber and Massive Timber
Add to Section C Fire Resistance, Part C1 Fire
Resistance and Stability a new clause- Clause C1.13
Fire Protected Timber: Concession to deem fire-protected timber to be
non-combustible subject to appropriate controls
Provide in Section A General Provisions a new Specification A1.1 Fire Protected Timber defining the required
performance of fire protected timber and method of verification with deemed to satisfy plasterboard solutions
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Clause C1.13 - Controls
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Summary of NCC Changes for Timber Construction
Provide in Section A General Provisions, Part A1 Interpretations, new definitions
in Clause A1.1 Definitions for Fire Protected Timber and Massive Timber
Add to Section C Fire Resistance,Part C1 Fire Resistance and Stability
a new clause- Clause C1.13 Fire Protected Timber: Concession to deem fire-protected timber non
combustible subject to appropriate controls
Provide in Section A General Provisions a new Specification A1.1 Fire Protected Timber defining the required
performance of fire protected timber and method of verification with deemed to satisfy plasterboard solutions
Amend Section C Fire Resistance , Specification C1.1 Fire-resisting
Construction, Clauses 3.1 Type A Fire Resisting
Construction and 4.1 Type B Fire Resisting Construction
to permit the use of fire-protected timber subject to appropriate controls in lieu of
concrete and masonry elements
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Summary of NCC Changes for Timber Construction
Provide in Section A General Provisions, Part A1 Interpretations, new definitions
in Clause A1.1 Definitions for Fire Protected Timber and Massive Timber
Add to Section C Fire Resistance,Part C1 Fire Resistance and Stability
a new clause- Clause C1.13 Fire Protected Timber: Concession to deem fire-protected timber non
combustible subject to appropriate controls
Provide in Section A General Provisions a new Specification A1.1 Fire Protected Timber defining the required
performance of fire protected timber and method of verification with deemed to satisfy plasterboard solutions
Amend Section C Fire Resistance , Specification C1.1 Fire-resisting Construction, Clauses 3.1 Type A Fire Resisting Construction
and 4.1 Type B Fire Resisting Construction to permit the use of fire-protected timber
subject to appropriate controls in list of concrete and masonry elements
Provide to Section C Fire Resistance a new
Specification C1.13 Cavity Barriers for
Fire Protected Timber defining locations and required performance
of cavity barriers to address risk of spread
of fire or smoke through cavities
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Clause C1.13 – Summary of Controls
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Relevant NCC Sections
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The NCC classifies buildings into 10 Classes:
Class 1 - Residential
Class 2 - Flats, Units, Apartments
Class 3 - Hotels, Motels,
Class 4 - Class 5,6,7,8,9 Residence
Class 5 - Offices
Class 6 - Shops
Class 7 - Storage, Car Parks
Class 8 - Factories, Workshops, etc
Class 9 - Public Buildings
Class 10 - Outbuildings
These are the three Classes specifically affected by the new NCC changes for mid-rise timber framed construction
Defined in Section A, Part A3, Clause 3.2
DTS Solution for MRT Buildings – Building Classes
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Sprinklers
Design of Mid-Rise Timber Buildings
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Automatic sprinkler suppression systemto suppress a fire before the timber structure is threatened which greatly reduces the fire risk to people and property.
DTS Solution for MRT Buildings - Sprinklers
High Success Rate:
BRANZ - sprinkler reliability may range from 95% -
98%; the higher value also reported being supported
by the US National Sprinkler Association.
BRANZ, 2000, Fire Protection for High Rise Buildings,
a report prepared by BRANZ, March 2000
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Fire Protected Timber
Design of Mid-Rise Timber Buildings
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Fire-protected timberUse of fire-grade plasterboard to prevent or delay ignition of the timber structural members,
Fire-grade plasterboard
Timber framing
in the low probability event of sprinkler
failure, so that the response to an
enclosure fire will be similar to
non-combustible elements,
(i.e. masonry or concrete) during the
growth period and prior to fire brigade
intervention.
DTS Solution for MRT Buildings – Fire Protected Timber
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NCC 2016 – Fire Protected Timber Requirements
The NCC defines fire-protected timber as fire-resisting timber building elements that comply with the new Specification A1.1.
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NCC 2016 – FPT: General Requirements
Specification A1.1 Clause 2.1 applies the following general requirements to fire-protected timber:
In Summary:• the building element must be
protected to achieve the required Fire Resistance Level (FRL); and
• have a non-combustible fire-protective covering applied to the timber which achieves a Resistance to the Incipient Spread of Fire (RISF) of not less than 45 minutes when tested in accordance with AS1530.4.
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NCC – Fire Terminology
Fire Resistance Level (FRL)
Resistance to the Incipient Spread of Fire (RISF)
In order to adequately specify or check evidence of compliance of fire-protected timber three other items of information are required :
Results from a non-combustibility test
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NCC – Fire Terminology - FRL
Fire Resistance Level (FRL) NCC Part A1.1 Definitions
Integrity –ability of an element of construction to resist the passage of flames
and hot gases from one space to another
Structural adequacy –ability of a loadbearing element to support an
applied load
Insulation –ability of the surface of an
element of construction, on the non-fire side of the element, to maintain a temperature below
the specified limits
Fire testing of a ceiling system
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NCC – Fire Terminology - RISF
Resistance to the Incipient Spread of Fire (RISF)
The Resistance to the Incipient Spread of Fire (RISF) in relation to a fire-protective covering means:
‘the ability of a covering to insulate voids and the interfaces with timber elements so as to limit the temperature rise to a level that will not permit ignition of the timber and the rapid and general spread of fire throughout any concealed spaces’.
The performance is expressed as the period in minutes that the covering will maintain a temperature below the specified limits
NCC Part A1.1 Definitions
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NCC – Fire Terminology - RISF
The primary objective for the specification of RISF is to
reduce the risk of the timber structural elements being ignited prior to burn-out of the contents or fire brigade intervention; in the unlikely event of failure of the automatic fire sprinkler system.
Fire protective lining
Timber
Stud
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NCC – Fire Terminology : Type of Construction
NCC Volume 1, Section C, Part C1, Table C1.1 designates the Type of Construction based on the Class of Building and the Rise in Storeys
Mid-rise Class 2 and 3 (residential) buildings are typically 4 storeys or more high and are
therefore required to be of Type A construction
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Fire Protected Timber Requirements: Class 2&3
Having determined the Type of Construction for the building, it is now possible to determine the Fire-Protected Timber requirements for various wall, floor, ceiling and other building elements.
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Fire Protected Timber Requirements - General
FRL & RISF General Requirements for Timber Framed Mid-Rise Class 2 & 3 Buildings
FRL Typically90/90/90
for loadbearing
walls & floors
RISF Typically
45 min forwallsand
floors
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Fire Protected Timber Requirements - Massive
FRL & MRISF Requirements for Massive Timber Framed Mid-Rise Class 2 & 3 Buildings
FRL Typically90/90/90
for loadbearing
walls & floors
MRISF Typically
30 min forwallsand
floors
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NCC 2016 – Concession for Massive Timber
The rationale for the “concession” for massive timber is that subject to maintaining the required FRL, the consequences of ignition of timber structural members are significantly reduced because:
• timber with a large cross-section can achieve high fire resistance levels due to the formation of a char layer
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FRL and RISF or MRISF Requirements
• For Class 2 & 3 residential buildings this is typically:
• General Requirements: FRL 90/90/90 and an RISF of 45min
• Massive Timber: FRL 90/90/90 and an MRISF of 30min
• For Class 5 Office buildings
• General Requirements : FRL 120/120/120 and an RISF of 45min
• Massive Timber: FRL 120/120/120 and an MRISF of 30min
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NCC 2016 – FPT: General Requirements
For General Requirements (eg. Lightweight framing) Specification A1.1 Clause 2.1 (B) deems
2 layers of 13mm fire-protective grade plasterboard
achieve an RISF45:NC fire-protective covering, must
also meet the required FRL.
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Fire-Protected Timber – Lightweight Timber
General Timber (High level of protection to timber)
• Fire-grade plasterboard linings required (typical solution):
• 2 x 13mm fire-grade plasterboard for walls, and
• 2 x 16mm fire-grade plasterboard for ceilings (FRL requirement)
Fire-grade plasterboard
Timber framing
• FRL lightweight timber-framed construction
e.g. 90, 120, 140 x 45mm
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Fire Protected Timber
Massive Timber Systems
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NCC 2016 – FPT: Massive Timber
The NCC permits a relaxation to the general requirements for fire-protected massive timber providing both the following additional criteria are satisfied:
• the timber panel is at least 75mm thick; and
• any cavity between the surface of the timber and the fire-protective covering or between timber members is filled with non-combustible materials.
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NCC 2016 – FPT: Massive Timber
Specification A1.1 Clause 2.2 applies the following requirements for fire-protected timber where the timber is massive timber:
A relaxation to the ‘general requirements of Clause 2.1
In Summary:• the building element must be protected to
achieve the required FRL; and• have a non-combustible fire-protective
covering applied to the timber which achieves a Modified Resistance to the Incipient Spread of Fire (MRISF) of not less than the values stated in Table 1 INTERFACE TEMPERATURE AND MINIMUM FIRE-PROTECTIVE GRADE PLASTERBOARD THICKNESS.
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NCC 2016 – FPT: Massive Timber
Specification A1.1 Table 1 INTERFACE TEMPERATURE AND MINIMUM FIRE-PROTECTIVE GRADE PLASTERBOARD THICKNESS :
For Massive Timber Specification A1.1 Clause 2.2 Table 1 deems 1 layer of 16mm fire-protective grade
plasterboard for ‘All other applications’ achieves the required FRL of the element and an equivalent performance to an MRISF30:NC fire-protective covering.
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Fire-Protected Timber – Massive Timber
Massive Timber (Lower level of protection to timber)
• Fire protective covering required:• Element with appropriate layers
of fire protective covering, generally 1 layer of 16mm fire-grade plasterboard for walls and ceilings
Fire -grade plasterboard
Massive timber
• Minimum 75mm thickness of massive timber element, with required FRL, with no concealed spaces between plasterboard coverings and timber
e.g. CLT, Glulam, LVL
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Non-Combustible Insulation
Design of Mid-Rise Timber Buildings
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This requirement is stipulated in the NCC under Part C1 Fire Resistance and Stability, Clause C1.13 Fire protected timber, subsection (d).
DTS Solution for MRT Buildings – Non-combustible Insulation
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Common Insulation Products
Flammability of an insulation product depends on the level of organic
content, with inorganic materials generally less flammable
Common insulation products in the market include:• Cellulose: 70-80% recycled paper (naturally
flammable)
• Polyester: made out of polyester fibres including recycled plastic bottles
• Fibreglass/glasswool: up to 70% recycled glass
• Mineral wool: volcanic rock, melted & spun into fibres
Not all insulation
products are
non-combustible
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Non-Combustible Insulation
Typical non-combustible solutions include mineral fibre or glasswool insulation with very low
organic binder contents.
It is important to check that Evidence of Suitability in the form of a current AS 1530.1 report from a NATA registered testing
authority is available for the specific products selected.
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Cavity Barriers
Design of Mid-Rise Timber Buildings
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The NCC now contains a new Specification C1.13 Cavity Barriers for Fire Protected Timber
DTS Solution for MRT Buildings – Cavity Barriers
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NCC 2016 – Cavity Barriers for Fire Protected Timber
Cavity barriers as described in the NCC are
SOU 1 SOU 2
SOU 3 SOU 4
SOU 5 SOU 6
barriers placed in concealed spaces, formed within the perimeter of fire-protected timber building elements that comply with specification C1.13; to limit the spread of fire, smoke and hot gases to other parts of the building.
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NCC Requirements
Spec C1.13 defines where cavity barriers must be located
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NCC 2016 – Cavity Barriers Required Positions
Cavity barriers are required at the following positions:
Junctions between fire-resisting floor /ceiling assemblies and fire resisting internal walls.
Junctions between fire-resisting floor /ceiling assemblies and fire resisting external walls.
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NCC 2016 – Cavity Barriers Required Positions
Cavity barriers are required at the following positions:
Horizontal barriers must be provided at each floor level up to a maximum distance of 5m crs.
Junctions between fire-resisting walls and external walls.
Vertical barriers must be provided in walls up to a maximum distance of 10m crs.
Around the perimeters of door and window openings in fire-resisting construction.
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Cavity Barriers
Cavity Barriers Must be installed
in all required locations
Floor/Wall Junction
External Brick Veneer Wall
Roof Space
Windows
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DtS Solution for Mid-rise Timber Buildings
• If, the building or building part is Class 2, 3 or 5.
• the building has an effective height of not more than 25m;
• and utilises:
• sprinkler system to Spec E1.5
• fire-protected timber to Spec A1.1
• non-combustible insulation
• cavity barriers to Spec C1.13
Then it meets the DtS Solution for Mid-rise Timber Buildings
Summary of NCC
Controls
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Other NCC Requirements
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Other NCC Requirements
• Structural Performance
• Acoustic Performance
• External Cladding: non-combustibility, thermal, resistance to water penetration
• Termite Resistance & Durability
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WoodSolutions:Assistance &Resources
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New Technical Guide No 37 detailing the NCC DtS
requirements for lightweight and massive systems in
Mid-rise Timber Buildings
WS Design Guide 37: New DtS Requirements
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New video based education resource detailing the DTS requirements for lightweight and massive systems
WS: On-line Education Resource
WoodSolutions Campus
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WoodSolutions technical staff (engineers, architects) on the ground to provide face-to-face assistance to building professionals in getting new timber buildings specified and constructed
WS Mid-rise Advisory Team – Vic Pilot
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www.woodsolutions.com.au
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2016 NCC Changes for Mid-rise Timber Buildings
Thank you
for your attention