2015.04.12 latex tutorial

GSC LaTeX TutorialDingyi Sun

[email protected] Student

Mechanical Engineering

April 25, 2015 GSC LaTeX Tutorial 1

Objectives

Assumption: no previous experience Develop basic skills for use

Course assignments Notes Thesis Publications

Supplementation


General Flow


Text Editor(where your code goes)

Implementation(compiles your code)

Packages(to perform special functions)

PresenterPresentation Notes- Text editor optional (can do it all in implementation)but can be faster

Compiling to PDF

Usual desired outcome Can be done in text editor Command line: pdflatex

Example


Outline

Document Basics Equations Tables Figures Additional customization References (BibTeX) Additional Packages Macros


Document Basics


General Document Structure

1. Document class declaration2. Preamble: packages, macros, additional declarations3. Document: text, equations, tables, figures4. References: BibTeX, etc.5. Backmatter: appendices, index

Example


PresenterPresentation Notes- Declarations global, but can be constrained by curly braces

Common Document Classes

article: Most common for general use book report letter thesis beamer*


PresenterPresentation Notes- * = Use with caution

Sectioning

\part{} \chapter{}: Not available in article \section{} \subsection{} \subsubsection{} \paragraph{} \subparagraph{} Stop numbering with * before {


General Things in Text

Standard text formatting present Boldfacing:

Italicizing:

Underlining:

acts as expected inverts italicizing \hspace and \vspace insert spaces


\footnote{}

\underline{}\textit{}\textbf{}

\emph {}

Additional Text Formatting

Sizes: \tiny \scriptsize, \footnotesize, \small \normalsize \large \Large \LARGE \huge \Huge


Additional Font Modifications: \textrm{}: Forces upright Roman \textsf{}: Switches to Serif \texttt{}: Typewriter \textsc{}: Small caps

Alignment: flushleft flushright center

Lists


Bullet point list: Numbered list:

\begin{enumerate}\item

\end{enumerate}

\begin{itemize}\item

\end{itemize}

Example

Labels and Referencing

Highly-useful feature Establish reference: Call reference: Good for anything (equations, figures, tables, theorems, etc.)

Example


\label{}\ref{}

Equations


Inline Equations

Compact Supplementary/supporting formulas Non-display style

\displaystyle{} to toggle Avoid squished formulas


$ $

Non-Numbered Line Equations

Sub-critical equations Display style Multiple lines per environment*

gathered: Standard, multi-line aligned: Use & as alignment delimeter \hfill to fill in blank line spaces \\ as line breaker


\[ \]

PresenterPresentation Notes- * = Multi-line after ams included

Numbered Equations

Points of focus Display style Same multi-line properties as before Best used with labels


\begin{equation}

\end{equation}

Example and Exercise

Example

Exercise: Reconstruct the document Start with blank file Cumulative Call for help if needed Sample solution


PresenterPresentation Notes- Change up the examples?

Formatted Text in Math Environments

Standard text formatting still present Boldfacing:

Italicizing:

Underlining:

Shortcomings with extended alphabets


\underline{}\mathit{}\mathbf{}

ams Series Packages

Packages: amsmath: Symbols, operators, improved functionality amsfonts: Expanded font families amsthm: Help define theorem environments amssymb: More symbols

Generally good to have Vast expansion of mathematics


Subequations

Can insert text between equations


\begin{subequations}\begin{gather}

\end{gather}\end{subequations}

\intertext{}

Recap

Load ams packages!

ExampleExercise

Sample solution


Tables


The Standard tabular Environment

# alignment specifiers = # columns Problems if # specifiers < # columns

& to denote new column \\ to denote line break Blank columns okay \hline for spanning horizontal line


\begin{tabular}{}

\end{tabular}

The Standard tabular Environment

Important alignment specifiers: Can wrap in table environment

Captions and labeling easier

Example


\begin{tabular}{}

\end{tabular}

Alignment Effectl Left-justified columnc Centered columnr Right-justified column| Single vertical line (separating columns)|| Double vertical line (separating columns)

Figures


Inserting Graphics


\begin{figure}[]\begin{}

\includegraphics[]{}\end{}\caption{}\label{}\end{figure}

Need the graphicx package Should probably load in

general Specify alignment options Captioning and label like in

table minipage for placement?

Float Locations

Optimal placement Forced placement with other packages (float) Weighted placements:


\begin{figure}[]

Option Effecth Approximately heret Top of the pageb Bottom of the pagep On a floats-only page! Additional weight on placement

Subfigures

Load subcaption Allows for figures in figures

Example


\begin{figure}\begin{subfigure}[]{}

\includegraphics{}\caption{}\label{}

\end{subfigure}\caption{}\label{}

\end{figure}

Halftime Exercise

Toy example with nonlinear fit Figures included in directory Covers everything up to now

Exercise Sample solution


Additional Document Customization


Document-Wide Customization

Specify at class declaration Number of columns Font size

Specify at preamble Font modification packages Font family defaults: \rmdefault, \sfdefault, \ttdefault \renewcommand{}

Example


Multicolumn Sections

Needs the package multicol

Limited section of multicolumn text Divides lists automatically Figure space reduction

Example


\begin{multicols}{}

\end{multicols}

PresenterPresentation Notes- Can use this to get around minipages if youd like

References


Manual Bibliographies

Cumbersome and repetitive Okay for rare citations Use \cite{}

Example


\begin{thebibliography}{}\bibitem{}

\end{thebibliography}

BibTeX

Build up citation database Automatic sorting and formatting Slower to set up Many different classes

Required & optional fields Easiest to look up

Example (with .bib file)


Some Additional Packages


Interactive PDFs

hyperref adds hyperlinks to references Can move around document Useful for interactive documents

cleveref adds shortcut references hyperref before cleveref (if together) bookmark adds to PDFs

Example


Other Cool Packages color/xcolor: More color in documents geometry: Additional page customization fancyhdr: More customization of header imakeidx: Index entries for keywords listings: Useful for blocks of code longtable: Multi-page tables mathtools: Additional tools for mathematics mdframed: Framed environments physics: Built-in macros for physical sciences tabularx & tabulary: Additional column width specifications tocloft: Control of table of contents (book documents) wrapfig: Text wrapping around figures


List is not meant to be complete at all.Explore packages as you need them!

Custom Macros and Miscellaneous


Macros

For repetitive, complicated tasks Faster document writing Can build on loaded packages Avoid for publications!

Example


Final Exercise

Hamiltonian systems Adopted & truncated from a problem set Use physics macros Some quick BibTeX entries

Exercise Sample solution (with .bib file)


Useful Links

LaTeX cheat sheet A detailed introduction to LaTeX Wikibooks StackExchange


Thanks for attending the session!Further questions? Email [email protected]


GSC LaTeX TutorialObjectivesGeneral FlowCompiling to PDF OutlineDocument BasicsGeneral Document StructureCommon Document ClassesSectioningGeneral Things in TextAdditional Text FormattingListsLabels and ReferencingEquationsInline EquationsNon-Numbered Line EquationsNumbered EquationsExample and ExerciseFormatted Text in Math Environmentsams Series PackagesSubequationsRecapTablesThe Standard tabular EnvironmentThe Standard tabular EnvironmentFiguresInserting GraphicsFloat LocationsSubfiguresHalftime ExerciseAdditional Document CustomizationDocument-Wide CustomizationMulticolumn SectionsReferencesManual BibliographiesBibTeXSome Additional PackagesInteractive PDFsOther Cool PackagesCustom Macros and MiscellaneousMacrosFinal ExerciseUseful LinksThanks for attending the session!

2015.04.12 latex tutorial

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