2015 deep dive seminar: stk eoir

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2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR Summary by Patrick North

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Page 1: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Summary by Patrick North

Page 2: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Introduction

Patrick North – Passionate Image and Computer Scientist

Sensor and Image Exploitation SME– Exploitation Algorithm Development– Sensor Design and Performance

Assessment and Requirements Development

– Sensor and Mission Simulation– Calibration and Anomaly Resolution– Operations Support

www.agi.com/eoir

Page 4: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview

What is STK EOIR

What can it be used for

What do the outputs look like

How does it work

What validation and verification has been done so far

How are new features added into EOIR

Page 5: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: What is STK EOIR?

Heritage:– Originally developed by the Space Dynamics Lab for Missile Defense

simulations

Generally Applicable:– Radiometric ray-tracer– Physics based rendering engine for 0.28 to 28 micron wavelengths

Framework:– Directly embedded in STK with direct access to the STK capabilities

Out-of-the-Box Ready to Go:– Global background with a thermal model– Exceptional point source modeling– Ability to generate analytical metrics

Page 6: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: What can it be used for?

Remote Sensing, Imaging System, and Sensor Payload Design, Engineering, and Analysis

System Level

Individual Components

Test and Evaluation Data Generation

Proposals, Presentations, and Education

Concept Development

DesignField Test

Operations Support

Page 7: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: What can it be used for?

System Level

– Performance prediction and assessment

– Requirements development

– System design and mission verification

Page 8: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: What can it be used for?

Individual Components

– Radiometric budget analysis

– Component level optimization with qualitative and quantitative analysis

Page 9: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: What can it be used for?

Test and Evaluation Data Generation

– Create exploitation data for legacy or candidate algorithms

– Forensic analysis of system or collection anomalies

Page 10: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: What can it be used for?

Proposals, Presentations, and Education

– Quick high quality graphical output for experimentation and creating presentations

– Fast and accurate real-time analysis for presentations or training

Page 11: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: What do the outputs look like?

Video available at www.agi.com/eoir

Page 12: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: How does it work?

Surface Albedo / Reflectance & Emission

Atmospheric Effects

Sensor Entrance Aperture Radiance

Focal Plane Irradiance

Sensed Analog Electrical Signal

Raw Digital Signal

Processed Digital Image

Note: Not all tools need to provide all features, for example intermediate products or tap points can be

processed with different tools and a daisy-chain approach can be taken to produce the best results.

Source Illumination

Page 13: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: How does it work?

EOIR Simulation Steps1. Create a platform2. Add a sensor3. Project FOV4. Sample all objects in FOV as area or point

source objects5. Repeat sampling N-times for each

intersected segment or object6. Calculate thermal emission and reflection

spectrally along each of the coupled segments and objects paths as well as atmospheric path radiance and transmission losses as entrance aperture radiance

7. Convert spectral radiance/irradiance to integrated focal plane irradiance

8. Apply MTF sources and convert to electron signal

Page 14: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: How does it work?

User Interface and Interaction

STK Property Pages

EOIR GUI’s

Data Providers

Connect Commands

Object Model

Page 15: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: How does it work?

Modeled

Objects

Synthetic

Scene

Generator

Sensor

Model

Position and Orientation,

Shape and Dimensions,

Optical Properties,

Temperature

Celestials

Satellites

Aircraft

Missiles

Line of Sight

Field of View

Wavelengths

Digitized Sensor Image Files

Performance Metric Reports

Digitized Scene Image Files

Image Interrogation Reports

Spectra

Note: Point vs Area Treatment

Page 16: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: How does it work?

Earth Model

0.93 km resolution materials map– International Geosphere-Biosphere Program [IGBP]

Atmosphere– Simple “fast” model

• Four aerosol options

• SMARTS2 for shortwave (< 4um)

• Optical depth vertical profile (>4 um)

Diurnal Thermal Model– Based on a seasonal and daily latitude dependent

sine wave

– Varies based on land or water surface

Page 17: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: How does it work?

Stars and other Planets

Utilizes STK star database and planetary positions

Material maps for mars and earth’s moon

Basic thermal models and simple atmospheres for all planets in solar system

Video available upon request

Page 18: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Detector

Optics

Detector

Detector

Focal Plane

Optics

1 Pixel =

Instantaneous

Field of View

Field of View

Vertical

Horizontal

Pixel

Pitch

Sensor Modeling – Spatial

Overview: How does it work?

Page 19: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

High Band Edge(Longer Wavelength)

Low Band Edge(Shorter Wavelength)

Number of Intervals [ = 6 ]Sensor Modeling – Spectral

Overview: How does it work?

Page 20: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Longitudinal Defocus

Detector

BestImage

Entrance Pupil Diameter

Effective Focal Length

F/# = Entrance Pupil Diameter

Effective Focal Length

Detector

Sensor Modeling – Optical 1

Overview: How does it work?

Page 21: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Point Source(Pure Impulse Input to Optical System)

Diffraction(Optical System Response)“pixelized” by the Detector

Approximately = Sine(Diffraction Wavelength)

Diffraction Wavelength

2

The Best That Physics Allows“Diffraction Limited”

2.44 x Diffraction Wavelength xEffective Focal Length

Entrance Pupil Diameter

Including SomeOptical Aberrations

Sensor Modeling – Optical 2

Overview: How does it work?

Page 22: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Line Of Sight

Full Width at Half Maximum / 2.35

GaussianDistribution

Line Of Sight Jitter parameter =

Sensor Modeling – Optical 3

Overview: How does it work?

Motion Blur

Page 23: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

•Irradiance (W m-2)

Point Source Images

•Radiance (W m-2 sr-1)

Resolved Shape Images

NEI, NER

SEI, SER

Noise Floor

Saturation

0.0E+00

5.0E-06

0.1 1 10Irra

dia

nce

W c

m-2

milli seconds

NEI Edit Table

Sensor Modeling – Radiometric

Overview: How does it work?

𝐷𝑦𝑛𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 =𝑆𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

𝑁𝑜𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑟

Page 24: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: How does it work?

Target Modeling

– Position and Orientation

– Shape and Dimensions

– Temperature

– Material

Page 25: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: How does it work?

Outputs

– Simulated Images

– Interactive Interrogation

– Reports

Page 26: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: What V&V has been done so far?

Academic Radiometric Calculations

MODTRAN Atmospheric Terms

Commercial Space Operations Center (ComSpOC) Collections

Radiometric Slides and Worksheet

Original EOIR V&V Report

MONET Analytical Signal Estimation

Original EOIR V&V Report

Page 27: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: What V&V has been done so far?

Video available at www.agi.com/eoir

Page 28: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: What V&V has been done so far?

Optical Sensor Modeling: Shape and Material

Video available upon request

Page 29: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Overview: How are new features added?

Customer and partner feedback

AGI field team input

Conversations with potential customers and collaborations

General research and trends

Page 30: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Break – Next Applications and Use Cases

www.agi.com/eoir

Page 31: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Applications and Use Cases

Missile Defense

Space Situational Awareness

Broad Area Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR)

Air-to-Air Battlespace Awareness

Collaborations and Partnerships

Page 32: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Missile Defense

Primary Needs

Global Background

Atmospheric Model

Thermal Model

Accurate Sensor and Target Modeling

STK EOIR offers a very well suited simulation and analysis framework for SDL heritage missile defense scenarios

Page 33: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Missile Defense

Missile Defense Problem EOIR Solution

Operational: Determine how wellIron Dome optical sensors can detect and track missile threats

Generate analysis including sensor-to-target metrics and sample images to evaluate the current operational sensor detection and tracking capabilities against the system requirements

Future System Design: Determine optimal DSP constellation to deploynew satellite sensor system

Generate detection, tracking, and chain-of-custody analysis using EOIR SNR metric constraints to support constellation design decisions

Data Exploitation R&D: Generate test data to validate Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of prototype missile characterization algorithm

Generate simulated EOIR images to evaluate performance against simulated truth to determine continuing or canceling the R&D effort

MD Recorded Scenario Creation

Page 34: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Space Situational Awareness

Primary Needs

Celestial Background

Atmospheric Model

Accurate Sensor and Target Modeling

Accurate Time Dynamics

STK EOIR provides the ability to model conceptual or operational systems for SSA such as our own ComSpOC to

design, optimize, and assess these SSA solutions

Page 35: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Space Situational AwarenessSSA Problems EOIR Solution

Operational: Determine if existing sensor systems can characterize if a detection is a single or multiple RSO

Generate analysis including sensor-to-target metrics and sample images to characterize system capabilities and operational readiness

Future System Design: Evaluate various sensor configurations to determine the best network for persistent monitoring of geostationary satellites

Generate EOIR sensor-to-target metrics reporting each geo’s maximum detected signal across the network throughout the period of analysis

Component R&D: Evaluate a new sensor prototype being developed for installation in legacy GEODDS systems

Generate before and after simulated EOIR images and sensor-to-target metrics to justify agency maintenance and upgrade investments

SSA Recorded Scenario Creation

Page 36: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Broad Area ISR

Primary Needs

Global Background

Target Metrics

Optimization and Product Integration

Accurate PlatformDynamics

EOIR imagery integrated with other GIS products provides the campaign view the

IC is moving towards

Page 37: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Broad Area ISRGround Imaging ISR Problems EOIR Solution

Operational: Determine access time, NIIRS, and illumination conditions for highvalue target during a SOF mission window across all NTM

Generate analysis including sensor-to-target metrics to be post-processed into NIIRS ratings and provide sample images to generate an integrated product for mission planning purposes

Future System Design: Perform trade study between two competing sensor systems for collecting campaign data

Generate sensor-to-target metrics for high interest targets over period of performance and develop integrated coverage and quality reports to justify system acquisition strategy and requirements definition

Data Exploitation R&D: Send UAVthermal test data to small target exploitation algorithm developers to evaluate their Technology Readiness Level (TRL)

Generate before and after simulated EOIR images and sensor-to-target metrics to evaluation small thermal target exploitation capability

Page 38: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Air-to-Air Battlespace Awareness

Primary Needs

Accurate Flight Dynamics

Atmospheric Model

Thermal Model

Integrated with RADAR and Comms

STK EOIR provides the framework to model concepts

such as the JSF DAS-EO sensors

Page 39: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Air-to-Air Battlespace AwarenessAir-to-Air Battlespace Problems EOIR Solution

Operational: Determine effectiveness of adversarial denial-and-deception against tracking systems

Generate analysis including sensor-to-target metrics and sample images to determine the effectiveness and potential threats posed in red-force/blue-force confrontations

Future System Design: Evaluate full spherical sensor concept for 360-degree situational awareness

Generate EOIR simulated images and provide to aircraft sensor integration software to evaluate future system performance and provide scenario views for qualitative evaluation and budgetary go/no-go decisions

Platform R&D: Evaluate the air-to-air surveillance capabilities of an experimental high altitude long-dwell UAV

Generate EOIR images showing area of coverage and resolution and sensor-to-target metrics for objects of interest to show capability and justify go/no-go budgetary decisions

Page 40: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Collaborations and Partnerships

Current Collaboration Projects

High Fidelity Infrared Focal Plane Modeling

Time-Dynamic Thermal Profiles

Custom 3D Models and Materials

MODTRAN Based Atmospheric Model

Interplanetary Laser Communications Test

Potential Collaboration Efforts

Space Debris

Wildfire Detection

Page 41: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Break – Next What’s New in STK EOIR 11.0

www.agi.com/eoir

Page 42: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

What’s New in STK EOIR 11.0

Magnitude of Improvements

Integrated STK EOIR Sensors

New atmospheric model

Custom 3D models

Custom materials

Custom temperature profiles

Page 43: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Magnitude of Improvements

Value

Difficulty

Save Intermediate Products

STK EOIR Sensor

Custom Temperature

Profiles

Internal Reflections

Editable Solar Spectrum

Custom 3D Models

Output Documentation

Custom Materials

New Atmosphere

5 New Features and37 vs 9 Resolved

Issues from 10.1 as of 7/10/2015

Page 44: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Integrated STK EOIR Sensors

Moving from 3rd party to STK gives us

STK Property Pages

Closer Access to STK

Object Model

Access to Analysis Work Bench

Page 45: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model

What Was Missing

EOIR Atmospheric Parameters and Setup

Qualitative Comparisons

Quantitative Comparisons

I MODTRAN™Atmospheric model description

whitepaper and slides

Source geometry interpolation

Page 46: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: What’s new?

Visibility Effects

Skylight

Page 47: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Atmospheric Setup

3) All of the Atmospheric Parameters are the same, but now there’s a 3rd

option for Atmosphere Model

1) Start by choosing the EOIR Configuration button on the toolbar

2) On the EOIR Configuration pop-up choose the Atmosphere Definition

Page 48: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Setup Aerosol Model

– Affects the type of aerosols in the atmosphere, apparent in both visible and thermal imaging

– Best atmospheres to see through in rough order:• Troposphere• Rural• Urban• Maritime

Visibility– This determines the quantity of the specific aerosols and is proportional to

how far one could see on the ground in the visible spectrum

Relative Humidity– This determines the amount of water vapor in the lower atmosphere

causing stronger H2O spectral features (reducing transmission and increasing thermal emission at certain wavelengths) at higher levels

Surface conditions are interpolated to upper atmosphere through lapse rate

relationships

Page 49: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: 5 Scenarios

1) Looking Up at the Stars At Night in the Visible Spectrum, Varying Visibility

2) Looking Up at the Stars During the Daytime in the Visible Spectrum, Single Comparison

3) Looking Up at the Stars During the Daytime in the Shortwave IR Spectrum

4) Looking Down at the Earth During the Daytime in the Visible Spectrum

5) Looking Down at the Earth During the Daytime in the Midwave IR Spectrum

Page 50: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 1

Visible sensor on the ground

looking up at the stars at night

Page 51: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 1

Aerosol: RuralVisibility: 50.0 kmHumidity: 45.8 %

Page 52: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 1

Aerosol: RuralVisibility: 27.0 kmHumidity: 45.8 %

Page 53: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 1

Aerosol: RuralVisibility: 10.0 kmHumidity: 45.8 %

Page 54: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 1

Aerosol: RuralVisibility: 5.0 kmHumidity: 45.8 %

Page 55: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 1

Aerosol: RuralVisibility: 2.0 kmHumidity: 45.8 %

Page 56: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 1

Takeaways

New MODTRAN based atmospheric model properly handles visibility as one would expect and as visibility decreases the stars disappear

At around 27 km visibility the models match

Even though the Simple model looks the same in all cases the values do slightly change

Page 57: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 2

Visible sensor on the ground looking up at the stars during the

daytime

Page 58: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 2

Aerosol: RuralVisibility: 50.0 kmHumidity: 0.0 %

Page 59: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 2

Takeaways

Just as one would expect stars are not easily visible during the daytime with the MODTRAN model

There are a few stars visible in the direction farthest from the sun and it is afternoon in the winter time so the MODTRAN based model looks like it’s accurately modeling the first visible stars

The Simple model does not accurately simulate skylight (scattered path radiance)

Page 60: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 3

SWIR sensor on the ground looking up at the stars during

the daytime

Page 61: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 3

Aerosol: RuralVisibility: 50.0 kmHumidity: 0.0 %

Daytime Satellite Imaging Analysis

Page 62: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 3

Takeaways

The MODTRAN model shows more stars are visible because of the lower level of SWIR skylight, however it is definitely still present

The Simple model again still does not simulate skylight (scattered path radiance) for the SWIR spectrum

Page 63: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 4

Visible sensor on a satellite looking

down at the earth during the daytime

Page 64: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 4

Aerosol: RuralVisibility: 27.0 kmHumidity: 25.0 %

Page 65: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 4

Aerosol: RuralVisibility: 15.0 kmHumidity: 25.0 %

Page 66: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 4

Aerosol: RuralVisibility: 10.0 kmHumidity: 25.0 %

Page 67: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 4

Aerosol: RuralVisibility: 5.0 kmHumidity: 25.0 %

Page 68: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 4

Takeaways

From space the MODTRAN model seems to handle the visibility parameter realistically

At 10 km visibility the two models agree

Simple model varies with visibility but is not appear to be drastic enough for the space based simulation

Page 69: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 5

Midwave Infrared (MWIR) thermal

sensor on a satellite looking

down at the earth during the daytime

Page 70: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 5

Aerosol: RuralVisibility: 27.0 kmHumidity: 25.0 %

Page 71: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 5

Aerosol: RuralVisibility: 15.0 kmHumidity: 25.0 %

Page 72: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 5

Aerosol: RuralVisibility: 10.0 kmHumidity: 25.0 %

Page 73: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 5

Aerosol: RuralVisibility: 5.0 kmHumidity: 25.0 %

Page 74: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Scenario 5

Takeaways

From space both the MODTRAN and Simple models appear to vary slightly with visibility, the aerosols in the rural model affect the MWIR spectrum less drastically than in the visible spectrum

The MODTRAN model shows greater contrast under the given atmospheric conditions than the Simple model

Page 75: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

New Atmospheric Model: Quantitative

Bring Up MODTRAN

Comparison GUI

Page 76: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom 3D Models

Page 77: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom 3D Models

Page 78: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom 3D Models

Video available upon request

Page 79: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom 3D Models

Bring Up 3D Model Conversion Writeup

Create and Render 3D Model Sample

Page 80: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom Materials

EOIR BRDF equation derivation

Spectral material database

27 built in materials

Custom reflectance spectra option

Page 81: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom Materials

Page 82: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom Materials

Page 83: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom Materials

Lepidolite

Page 84: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom Materials

Caesium

Page 85: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom Materials

Drilling Fluids

Page 86: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom Materials

Page 87: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom Materials

Video available upon request

Page 88: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom Temperature Profiles

Static temperature

Time-dynamic temperature profile

Page 89: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom Temperature Profiles

Page 90: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom Temperature Profiles

Page 91: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom Temperature Profiles

Page 92: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom Temperature Profiles

Video available upon request

Page 93: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Custom Temperature Profiles

SEET Passive Thermal Model

Astrogator Re-entry

Page 94: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Break – Next EOIR Development Roadmap

www.agi.com/eoir

Page 95: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Future DevelopmentIn General

Faster

More Intuitive

More Reliable

More Effective

Page 96: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Current Limitations:

High spatial/temporal resolution imaging

Complicated 3D geometry and interactions

Fine detail system and target modeling

Future Development: What doesn’t EOIR do right now?

Page 97: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Future Development: What doesn’t EOIR do right now? High spatial/temporal resolution imaging

– Ground material maps for earth are roughly 1 km or ½ nmi resolution

– Oversampled rendering performed all in-memory

– 4x spatial oversampling and coarse temporal oversampling for blur

– Not taking advantage of STK light-time-delay calculations

Development Packages

Atmosphere and Broad Area Effects

World/Background Modeling

Performance

Page 98: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Future Development: What doesn’t EOIR do right now? Complicated 3D geometry and interactions

– Limited to thousands of polygons rather than millions

– Not making use of modern graphical algorithms or hardware optimizations

– Shadows are limited to the facet resolution of the 3D geometry

Development Packages

World/Background Modeling

Performance

High Fidelity Target Modeling

Page 99: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Future Development: What doesn’t EOIR do right now? Fine detail system modeling

– Optical prescription modeling from OTF, Zernike Polynomials, or Seidel Aberrations

– Low-level hardware specifications and spectral performance curves

– Outside the Field-of-View Stray-Light effects

– Specific jitter profile or PSD inputs

Development Packages

Performance

High Fidelity Sensor Modeling

Page 100: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Future Development: Example Value vs Difficulty Plot

Value

Difficulty

CloudsUpgraded Rendering

Engine

Directly Input Complex Sensor

Parameters

Material Maps

Sensor Param Time

Profiles

Active Laser Modeling

More Data Access

Verification

Page 101: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Future DevelopmentRelated Upgrade Packages

Related Development Packages

Atmosphere and Broad Area Effects

World Modeling

Metrics

Performance

High Fidelity Target Modeling

High Fidelity Sensor Modeling

Visualization and Compatibility

Exploitation Algorithms

Verification Work

Branching Out

Page 102: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Future Development: Atmosphere and Broad Area Effects

Cloud Modeling

Optical Refraction in Ray Tracing

Wide Area Atmospheric Effects of Turbidity (Adjacency Effects) and Stray Light

Page 103: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Future Development: World Modeling

City Based Light Pollution Map

Galactic Background Texture Map

Utilize DTED or STK Terrain for Global Terrain Elevation

Utilize Bing Maps or STK Background Imagery for High Spatial Resolution Texture

Page 104: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Future Development: Metrics

Visual Magnitude

Contrast Metric for Sensor-to-Target

Atmospheric Terms for Sensor-to-Target

Fast Analytics Capability Option

NIIRS

Standard Peak SNR Metric including MTF and Motion Blur

Surface Illumination Maps and Contour Plots

Page 105: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Future Development: Performance

Profile and Benchmark Entire Current Codebase

Develop and Utilize EOIR Specific Unit and Regression Tests

Develop Asynchronous Low-Fidelity and High-Fidelity Rendering Paths

Tile-Based Rendering for Larger Images and Parallel Operations

Replace Rendering Engine with Upgraded/Optimized Modern Engine

Page 106: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Future Development: High Fidelity Target Modeling

Improve or Read Active Thermodynamics Modeling

Integrated STK EOIR 3D Model Geometry and Articulation

Apparent Position Information Incorporating Light-Time-Delay

Page 107: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Future Development: High Fidelity Sensor Modeling

Automatic Integration Time Calculation Option

Implement Scan Modes

Implement Depth-of-Field Based MTF

Implement Auto-Focus

Improve Optics Model

Outside FOV Stray Light Model

Load Custom MTF File and Allow Time-Dynamic MTF Selection

Page 108: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Future Development: Visualization and Compatibility

Load Color Bands

Add New Colormaps (B->G->R)

Export GIS Products

New Sensor Interface w/ Access to More Parameters & Quick View

Progress Bar

Improve Image Viewer

Import OPTISIG/IESNA/other Target Intensity Distributions

Export DIRSIG Renderable Scenes

Page 109: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Future Development: Exploitation Algorithms

Target Tracking and Signal Characterization

Image Equalization, Flattening, and MTFC

Ground Based Geolocation PRC Generation, Calibration, and Accuracy Assessment

Celestial Registration and Space Object Pointing Accuracy

Image/Band Registration and Change Detection

Material and Target Detection and Output

Target and Anomaly Detection and Output

Temperature Estimation w/ Calibration Options and STRR

Page 110: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Future Development: Verification Work

Evaluate Radiometric Transition from Point to Area Sources

Atmospheric Verification Work Including Turbulence and Turbidity

Evaluate or Develop Twilight Models

Page 111: 2015 Deep Dive Seminar: STK EOIR

Future Development: Branching Out

Ground Truth Verification of Models

Customer Outreach

Develop EOIR Training Course

Publish Analysis Whitepapers

Create Non-ITAR/Web Based Sensor Model Branch