20141116 edanz hiroshima

Jeffrey Robens, PhD Senior Research Consultant

Education Group Leader

Effectively Presenting Your Research

Hiroshima University

16 November 2014

Effective communicator

• Importance of presenting your work

• Present effective posters

• Prepare clear oral presentations

• Professional presentation skills

Importance of presenting your work

Section 1

Customer Service Presenting your work Research goals

What are your goals?

Your goal should be to share your work with others in your field

• Publish articles • Poster presentations • Oral presentations

Meetings/ conferences

Customer Service Presenting your work

When should you present your work?

Before you publish?

After you publish?

BOTH!


Presenting before you publish

Advantages

Identify new trends Meet similar researchers

Get advice Identify problems

Customer Service Presenting your work Identify problems early

Unclear aims Methodological

problems

Unclear figures Missing data

Unclear relevance

Lack of interest

“Why is this clinically important?”

Lack of interest in your published article


Presenting after you publish

Advantages

Actively promote your article

Advice on future directions

Networking with researchers

Networking with journal editors

Poster presentations

Section 2

Coverage and Staffing Plan


Benefits of poster presentations

Gives you the opportunity to interact with other researchers and clinicians

Allows you to share pre-published results with your peers

Allows you to discuss one-on-one with other researchers about your study

• More interactive than oral presentations • Improve discussing your research in English • Help build international collaborations


Poster presentations Poster layout

Logo Short Descriptive Title of Your Research

Authors and Affiliations

Introduction

Acknowledgements

Results

Methods References

Discussion Results

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 3 Fig. 6

Model

Aims



What’s wrong with this poster?

Title and Authors

Asymmetrical Not practical for reading Not aesthetic (pleasing to the eye,美的)



Poster layout – Symmetry

Title and Authors

Asymmetry

Title and Authors

Horizontal symmetry

Title and Authors

Horizontal & vertical symmetry

Title and Authors

Diagonal symmetry


Poster presentations Poster formatting

Colors

• 2–3 colors maximum • Light background with dark letters

• Title: 85 pt • Authors: 50 pt • Headings: 36–44 pt • Text: 24–34 pt

• Read from 1.5 m • Use sans serif font

(e.g., Arial; not Serif)

Font


Poster presentations Preparing your poster

Important points to include

Not necessary

Brief introduction General methodology Results Brief Discussion

Abstract Detailed methods Many references


Poster presentations Brief introduction

Why your work should be done

Current state of the field Important clinical problem State your objectives

Keep it short 1–3 paragraphs 200–300 words

Illustrations Use schematics or models to help

explain your hypothesis


Poster presentations General methodology

Briefly describe methodology in logical order

Don’t include specific details (e.g., related to diagnostic tests)

Use flow charts and illustrations for clarity


Poster presentations Results

Most of your poster

Large and clearly labeled figures

Figure legends Should explain technical details as

well as factually explain results

Image quality 300 vs 72 ppi CMYK vs RGB


Poster presentations Figures


Poster presentations Figures

Detection of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in both young and adult gastritis patients. EBV was detected via in situ hybridization. Samples were counter-stained with hematoxylin and imaged at 40x magnification. EBV infection was found in 3.8% and 5.1% of young and adult patients, respectively. Across infected samples, EBV was detected (arrows) in the nuclei of 5–15% of gastric mucosal cells in both young and adult patients. No significant differences in EBV infection were observed between young and adult samples. (Scale bar = 20 μM).

Modified from: de Souza et al. (2008) BMC Gastroenterol. 2014; 14: 179.

Clear indicators

Title of the experiment

Brief methodology

Key findings

Young Adult



Data aligned and formatted

Table formatting

Muñoz et al. New Engl J Med. 2003;348:518−527.

Clear and concise table caption

Abbreviations defined


Poster presentations Conclusions

Summarize key findings/implications

Use bullet points for emphasis

Illustrate your model with a schematic

Do not place too low on the poster


Poster presentations Example poster

Clear title

Concise Introduction

Schematics

Graphical Methods

Large figures with clear

figure legends

Bullet point Conclusions with model

Contact info



Additional tips

Export as PDF for printing

Distribute A4-sized copies

Include contact information

Prepare 30-second speech

Present in 3–5 minutes

Encourage discussion

Section 3

Oral presentations

Oral presentations Comparing manuscripts and presentations

Time

Flow of information

Not limited Readers can take

their time

Limited Limited attention

No control Readers can skip

sections

Control Audience has to

listen to everything

Manuscript Presentation

Oral presentations Telling a story

Beginning Introduction

Middle Methods/figures

End Conclusion

Oral presentations Beginning

Brief introduction

Background information

Aims of your study

Use pictures and diagrams

Oral presentations Example

• Lumenal structures (bile canaliculi, BC) between hepatocytes are difficult to maintain in vitro

• Sandwich culture configurations promote BC maturation

• Intracellular mechanisms unclear

AIM: Determine if intracellular tension promotes or maintains BC maturation in vitro

Actomyosin Activity

Actomyosin Activity

Oral presentations Middle

Methods

Flow chart or schematic

Figures

Important results

Oral presentations Example

Seed primary rat hepatocytes (d1)

Collagen overlay (d2)

Treat cells with inhibitors (d3)

Fix cells (d4)

Confocal microscopy

Oral presentations Figures

Main limitation? Space!

Only choose most important data

Organize clearly

Oral presentations Selecting important data

Wang et al. J Med Case Rep. 2014; 14: 149.

A patient with partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection presenting

with pulmonary hypertension

Severe tricuspid regurgitation with dilation of the right ventricle (RV) and right atrium (RA)

Pressure gradient between RV and RA



Severe tricuspid regurgitation with dilation of the right ventricle (RV) and right atrium (RA)



Pressure gradient between RV and RA

Oral presentations Black and white images

Want et al. BMC Cell Biol. 2011;12:49.

Often helpful to display images in a dark room


Modified from: Go et al. New Engl J Med. 2004;351:1296.

Characteristic Total Cohort (N=1,120,295)

≥ 60 ml/min/1.73 m2

(N=924,136)

< 60 ml/min/1.73 m2

(N=196,159)*

Age (yr) 52.2 ± 16.3 49.1 ± 15.1 66.6 ± 13.0

Female sex (%) 54.6 53.4 60.2

Ethnic group

White 50.9 47.2 68.6

Black 7.4 7.2 5.3

Hispanic 5.9 6.3 4.1

Asian 8.1 8.5 6.7

Mixed 2.4 2.4 2.8

Other 25.3 28.4 12.5

Medical history

Coronary heart disease

6.3 4.5 17.8

Stroke 2.6 1.7 8.3

Peripheral arterial disease

1.8 1.1 6.7

Chronic heart failure

2.1 1.0 19.8 * estimations

Important

Oral presentations Often graphs are better than tables

Modified from: Go et al. New Engl J Med. 2014;351:1296.

0

5

10

15

20

25

Coronary heartdisease

Stroke Peripheralarterial disease

Chronic heartfailure

Healthy

Kidney disease

Perc

ent

of

pat

ien

ts w

ith

at

leas

t

on

e ca

rdio

vasc

ula

r ev

ent

Readable axes!

Oral presentations End

Conclusions

Summary and clinical implications

Future directions

How is this being further developed?

Oral presentations Slide layout

Font

• Sans serif (e.g., Arial; not Serif) • 40 pt for titles • 30+ pt for major points • 24+ pt for minor points

Layout • Limit 8 lines of text per slide • Use bullet points, not sentences • High contrast colors

Oral presentations

Contrasting colors, easy to read

Simple and organized

For information, not decoration

For pictures, use compressed images

Distracting

Lack of contrast = difficult to read

Graphics

Oral presentations

Audience cannot read ahead

Focus the attention of your audience

Keep it simple: appear, fade, wipe

Do not distract from your information!

Animation

Presentation skills

Section 4

Presentation skills Before you present…

Most important thing you can do…

Practice

Learn your presentation, don’t read it

Don’t memorize, these are your ideas

Practice alone and with others, record yourself

Practice builds confidence!

Presentation skills Presentation tips – Appear confident

Non-verbal

Use hand gestures

Make eye contact Always face

your audience

Smile!

Stand upright

Don’t be stiff, move naturally

Presentation skills Presentation tips – Speaking style

Verbal

Avoid filler words (“eeto”)

Pause for emphasis

Speak slowly

Show enthusiasm

Vary tone and pitch

Don’t talk to the screen

Presentation skills Start positive

Introduction

Thank the organizers

Opening comments

Start your presentation

“I would like to thank [organizer] for kindly inviting me here today.”

“I’m very happy to be able to speak to you today.”

“Today, I would like to talk about...”

Never apologize for your English or being nervous

Presentation skills Figures – Guide the audience

Describing data/figures

Introduce the figures

Talking about the data

Focus on important information

“Now, I’d like to show you data from our recent experiments.”

“Here, you can see...”

“I’d like to draw your attention to...”

Presentation skills Finishing your presentation

Conclusions

Main conclusions

Thank the audience

Acknowledgments

“In conclusion, the main findings of this study are...”

“Thank you for your attention today.”

“I’d like to thank the people who were involved in this project.”

“I’d now be happy to answer any questions that you may have.”

Invite questions

Presentation skills Answering questions

1. Thank the audience member

2. Understand the question

3. Repeat the question

4. Answer the question (be concise!)

5. Ensure you have answered the question

6. Thank the audience member again

Gives you time to think

of the answer!

Presentation skills Handling questions –

Understand the question

Could you hear it clearly?

Do you understand the question?

Is the question appropriate for the audience?

Could the audience hear it clearly?

What do they want to know?

What is the most relevant question?

Presentation skills Handling questions

Understand the question

Ask them to repeat

Ask for clarification

Repeat the question

“Would you mind repeating your question, please?”

“I’m sorry, I would like to clarify. Are you asking about…?”

“Okay, so this question is about...”

Presentation skills Handling questions –

Difficult questions

Unsure of the answer

You don’t know the answer

Unrelated questions

You are the expert, answer with confidence

Be honest, but give your expert opinion

Politely address the question

Presentation skills Handling questions

Difficult questions

Tentative answers

Unanswerable

Unrelated questions

“I’m afraid I cannot give you a definite answer, but I think that…”

“Unfortunately we don’t have an answer at this time, but probably...”

“I’m sorry, but we didn’t look at that in this study.”

“Does that answer your question?”

Checking your answers

Presentation skills Additional tips – time management

Stay within your time limit

Use a clock, watch, or mobile phone

Rushing and skipping slides make you look unorganized

Practice often and keep track of each section

Presentation skills Additional tips

“B” key makes the screen black

“W” key makes the screen white

Hold the laser pointer against your body to prevent shaking

Remember, you are having a conversation with your audience

If using clip-on microphone, clip centrally and try to avoid turning your head when speaking

Presentation skills Connect with your audience

Presenters share with their audience

Non-verbal tips

Greet audience members before your presentation

Verbal tips

Colleague/mentor Not a lecturer!

Eye contact, smiling, relaxed, confident

Enthusiastic, not monotonous

Presentation skills Connect with your audience

Presentation activity

Based on what we have covered today, one attendee will present their slides in 10 minutes. They will then need to answer one question from the group.

Thank you!

Any questions?

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Jeffrey Robens: [email protected]

20141116 edanz hiroshima

Education

poster presentations

poster large

poster important points

research authors

work section

authors asymmetry title

work research goals

pt authors