BFFC-HAZMAT Jul 2014

2 DAY HAZMAT

BGC Fire & Rescue Service البصرة غاز شركة في وأالنقاذ أالطفاء شغبة

Trainer:Course Number: BFFCDate:

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

AIM

To enable students understand the actions to be taken at incidents involving hazardous materials.

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(Arabic)

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

OBJECTIVE (Arabic)

(Arabic)

At the end of the session and associated practice sessions student will be able to:

Identify and explain where to obtain further information at an incident involving hazardous materials. State the actions to be taken at an incident involving hazardous material to safely bring incident to a conclusion. Define Decontamination procedures. Explain Hazmat equipment in use at BGC and demonstrate its proper use.

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

WHAT IS A HAZARDOUS MATERIAL

Therefore a hazardous material, is any material or substance that in any quantity, poses a threat to life, health, property or the environment.

(Arabic)

(Arabic)HAZARD‘A Hazard is a potential source of harm or adverse health effect on a person or persons’.

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

e

HAZMAT IDENTIFICATION

The term “hazardous materials” covers an entire collection of chemicals and products that can cause a wide range of problems.

Hazardous materials are placed in 9 different classes.

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BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

CLASS 1EXPLOSIVES

Explosives are materials or items which have the ability to rapidly conflagrate or detonate as a consequence of chemical reaction.

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(Arabic)

HEAT

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

CLASS 2 -GASSES

Gases are defined as substances which are completely gaseous at 20°c at standard atmospheric pressure. The class encompasses compressed gases, liquefied gases, dissolved gases, refrigerated liquefied gases, mixtures of one or more gases with one or more vapours of substances of other classes.

(Arabic)

(Arabic)

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

(Arabic)Gases are capable of posing serious hazards due to their flammability, potential as asphyxiants, ability to oxidize and/or their toxicity or corrosiveness to humans. Some of the gasses which we may encounter here at BGC include(list is not exhaustive); Hydrogen / hydrogen compoundsOxygen / oxygen compoundsNitrogen / nitrogen compoundsNatural gasOil gasPetroleum gasesButanePropaneMethane

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

(Arabic)CLASS 3 – FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS

Flammable liquids are defined by as liquids, mixtures of liquids or liquids containing solids in solution or suspension which give off a flammable vapour (have a flash point) at temperatures of not more than 60-65°C.

There are no sub-divisions for Flammable Liquids.

(Arabic)

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

(Arabic)Flammable liquids are capable of posing serious hazards due to their volatility, combustibility and potential in causing or propagating severe conflagrations. The following list is also not exhaustive but some of the flammable liquids you may encounter may include;

Petroleum crude oil Petroleum distillatesGas oilShale oilHeating oilKeroseneResinsTarsTurpentine

(Arabic)AdhesivesPaints / lacquers / varnishesAlcoholsGasoline / PetrolDiesel fuelMethanol

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

(Arabic)CLASS 4 – FLAMMABLE SOLIDS

Flammable solids are materials which, under certain conditions are readily combustible or may cause or contribute to fire through friction, self-reactive substances which are liable to undergo a strongly exothermic reaction. Also included are substances which are liable to spontaneous heating under normal conditions, or to heating up in contact with air, and are consequently liable to catch fire and substances which emit flammable gases or become spontaneously flammable when in contact with water

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2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

CLASS 5 - OXIDIZERS (Arabic)

Oxidizers are substances which may cause or contribute to combustion although not necessarily combustible in themselves, can yield oxygen and in so doing cause or contribute to the combustion of other materials.

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BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

CLASS 6 – POISON/TOXIC SUBSTANCES (Arabic)

Toxic substances are those which are liable either to cause death or serious injury or to harm human health if swallowed, inhaled or by skin contact. Infectious substances are those which are known or can be reasonably expected to contain pathogens which are microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi, or other agents which can cause disease in humans or animals.

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BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

CLASS 7 - RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL (Arabic)

(Arabic)Radioactive material as any material containing radionuclides where both the activity concentration and the total activity exceeds certain pre-defined values. A radionuclide is an atom with an unstable nucleus and which consequently is subject to radioactive decay.

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

CLASS 8 - CORROSIVES (Arabic)

(Arabic)Corrosives are substances which by chemical action degrade or disintegrate other materials upon contact.

Corrosives cause severe damage when in contact with living tissue or, in the case of leakage, damage or destroy surrounding materials.

(Arabic)

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

CLASS 9 - MISCELLANEOUS (Arabic)

(Arabic)Class 9 Miscellaneous are substances and articles which present a danger or hazard not covered by other classes. This class encompasses, but is not limited to, environmentally hazardous substances, substances that are transported at elevated temperatures, miscellaneous articles and substances, genetically modified organisms and micro-organisms.

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

(Arabic)

(Arabic)

IDENTIFICATION AND RECOGNITION

Incidents involving hazardous materials must be identified before any action can be taken to control the incident. Failure to properly identify the materials involved will only make the situation more hazardous. Several types of information sources are available to help responders identify hazardous materials.

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

(Arabic)IDENTIFICATION AND RECOGNITION

(Arabic)Placards – Placards are 10 ¾ inch diamond-shaped symbols that must be applied to each side and end of a motor vehicle, rail car, freight container, or portable tank container carrying hazardous materials. The color, symbol, and UN hazard class numbers on placards alert responders to the hazards of the material. The 4-digit UN ID number may be shown on the placard or on an adjacent orange panel displayed on the ends and sides of a cargo tank, vehicle, or rail car.

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

(Arabic)IDENTIFICATION AND RECOGNITION

(Arabic)Labels – Labels are 4 inch diamond-shaped symbols applied to packages just as we have seen on the previous slides.

Shipping papers - Regulations require that shipping papers must accompany shipments of hazardous materials and hazardous wastes.

(Arabic)

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

(Arabic)IDENTIFICATION AND RECOGNITION

(Arabic)Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)- MSDS information is completed by the manufacturer and show Information like the material name, physical and chemical data, the manufacturer’s name, and special precautions are typically listed.

Emergency Response Guidebook – A guidebook published by the Department of Transportation carried on all apparatus. The ERG was designed to assist first responders during the initial phase of a hazmat incident.

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2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

IDENTIFICATION AND RECOGNITION (Arabic)

(Arabic)NFPA 704 System - The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 704 marking system is primarily designed for fixed facilities like buildings, storage tanks, or individual rooms where hazardous materials identification is necessary. This system also uses a diamond-shaped symbol, colors, and numbers, to alert responders to the presence of hazardous materials. Each hazard poses a varying degree of danger and is rated on a scale from 0 (least hazardous) to 4 (most hazardous).

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

IDENTIFICATION AND RECOGNITION

(Arabic)

(Arabic)

Pipeline markings

Container markings

Other sources – Responders can obtain valuable information by observing the occupancy or location where the incident occurs, the types of structures, pipelines or containers involved etc, interviewing Operations personnel and/or other responsible parties, obtaining a manufacturer or trade name of the material or product involved, or making general observations at the scene. It may be a team will need to enter the risk area to determine and gather information.

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

(Arabic)There are many different scenarios regarding incidents involving hazardous material incidents.Consideration must be given to;

Product and/or material involvedNature of incident i.e., Fire, spill etc.Ensuring a safe approach ( upwind, upslope).Staging area.

RESPONSE

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

ON SCENE (Arabic)

Information gatheringPersons affected and requiring rescue or immediate decontamination.Does the area require immediate evacuation.What level of personal protective equipment is required.Selection of appropriate media.Making isolations and containing the spread of the incident.Are further resources required.Environmental considerations.

(Arabic)

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS (Arabic)

Site all personnel, equipment and control points upwind and in a safe clear area

Wear full PPE fire fighting kit, chemical or gas tight suits with BA if required

If possible work in a well illuminated clear area Do not eat, drink or smoke during the incident Avoid inhalation, ingestion and absorption of

chemicals or vapour clouds

(Arabic)

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

CORDONS AND ZONES (Arabic)

The reasoning behind the setting of cordons and zones is to; minimise exposure within the HOT ZONE and limit the extent to which the WARM ZONE can expand.

(Arabic)

Tyne and Wear Fire and Rescue ServiceMass Decontamination Station Officer Steve Anderson

Cordons & Zones

WARM ZONE

HOT ZONE

COLD ZONE

Wind Direction

Inner CordonOuter Cordon

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

CORDONS AND ZONES (Arabic)

Hot Zone: The physical area where the hazardous material(s) has been determined to be present.

This is the area for the potential of immediate danger. It is within this area that all containment and control tasks will be performed. Access to this zonerequires the highest level of protection for the material(s) involved.Entry to the Hot Zone is limited to those personnel who are necessary to the performance of the operation.3. The size of this area is dependent upon the product involved, the physical property of that product, and the potential for escalation of the incident.

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BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

CORDONS AND ZONES (Arabic)

Warm Zone: Support and safety area.

This is the area immediately surrounds the Hot Zone and begins at a pointbeyond the bounds of observable and detectable hazards and danger. Access to this area s restricted only to those essential personnel necessary to assistwith the mitigation of the incident. Back-up personnel shall be provided inequal numbers to those operating within the Hot zone and be ready tointervene should the incident necessitate. All decontamination activities will be conducted in the area of the Warm Zone.

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BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

ArabicCORDONS AND ZONES

Dam/ Shower

Plastic Bags

Brushes

Support Staff

Clean Clothes

Cold Zone: Command and /coordination, Medical evaluation, and other support functions.This is the outer most safety zone requiring security. This area should be farenough removed from a spilled or released product that potential for contamination is remote. This area will include the Command Post as well as the Staging area.Access to this area will be limited to Fire, Police, Rescue and other personnelas authorized by the Incident Commander necessary to the operations of the

Hazardous Materials Incident.

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BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

ArabicCORDONS AND ZONES RESPONSIBILITIES

The Incident Commander, shall appoint a Safety Officer who will assume responsibility for controlling access to the Warm and Hot Zones at theincident as well as assume over-all control of scene safety.Hazardous Materials Zoning requires constant re-evaluation and monitoring of the wind direction to insure that the previously established Zones are adequate for personnel safety. Access to any Hazardous Materials Zone shall be done at controlled accesspoints by personnel in the proper protective equipment and those controlledaccess points should be within the eyesight of the Safety Officer.

(Arabic)

(Arabic)

Levels of Protection الحماية مستويات

Gas tight الغاز من من Liquid Tight للحماية لحماية السوائل

Fire kit أالطفاء طقم

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Suit Fabric Properties

Chemical resistance to penetration and permeation.

Mechanical integrity to resist abrasion and puncture.

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

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(Arabic)

ContaminationPermeation Penetration

Breakthrough

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Suit Types البدالت أنواع

Disposable أستخدام واحد

Limited life محدود استخدامها Reusable أستخدام يعاد

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

Limited-Life Advantages

Contaminated suits are never re-usedSuits are always cleanSuits are always “fit for use”. Increased wearer-confidenceReduced suit maintenance

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

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Maximum working duration in CPC should

be 20 minutes.

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Heat Stress (Arabic)

(Arabic)

Heat Stress

Six basic factors

Air temperatureMean radiant temperatureHumidityAir velocityThermal properties of clothingMetabolic rate

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

(Arabic)

(Arabic)

(Arabic)

Heat stress

Heat crampsPrickly heatHeadachesNausea(Arabic)VertigoWeaknessThirstGiddiness and faintingSevere cases of unconsciousness, convulsions, mental confusion

and death.

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

(Arabic All)

(Arabic)

Decontamination

WHAT is it?

WHO needs it?

WHEN should it be done?.

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

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2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Decontamination

Decontamination is the process of removing contaminates from people, equipment, the environment or anything that may be contaminated.

Decontamination is primarily designed to minimize exposure to hazardous substances and limit the spread of contamination.

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Chemical

Radioactive

Biological

Types of contamination

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

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BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Decontamination

Primary purpose:

To remove personnel from any contaminated clothing or CPC safely

Decontamination of equipment is a secondary consideration, which may be carried out at a later time

Equipment includes CPC and fire kit.

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2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Levels of Decontamination

There are generally six types of decontamination. The on scene commander will determine which level is applicable forthe substance involved, using any reference sources thatmay state the applicable level. In the absence of suchsources, specialist advice should be sought.The on scene commander will Nominate a Decontamination Officer of suitable rank and experience.

(Arabic)

(Arabic)

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Decontamination Officer

Actions of the Decontamination Officer Decide from information received type of decontamination required:-Emergency, Wet, Wet Contained, Dry. Select suitable decontamination zone Nominate decontamination team Ensure sufficient decontamination equipment is available to cater for needs of incident. Supervise all aspects of decontamination, ensure full Specialist

information is available, confirm PPE and decontamination requirements, have first aid information available.

Ensure contaminated clothing/equipment is bagged and labelled, the label must identify the contaminant and the contaminated equipment within the bag.

(Arabic)

(Arabic All)

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Environment

Important:

At every incident requiring the use of decontamination, the Environmental Impact should be considered.

(Arabic)

(Arabic)

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Decontamination

Decontamination may be emergency or primary depending on the incident and use and can be either;

Wet: Using water with or without detergent

Dry: Using brushes or vacuum cleaner

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BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Choice of method

This will be based on:

Nature of the contamination Degree of contamination Type of protective clothing worn Risk to the environment

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BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Decontamination Zone

The following factors must be taken into account when siting the decontamination zone:

Type of decontamination Weather conditions and wind

direction The slope of the ground Location

of drains (or their absence) Operational circumstances. Location of BA entry control Location of a pumping appliance Location of the incident.

(Arabic)

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BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Procedures

Contaminated wearers should emerge from the risk area with a minimum of 80 bar pressure remaining in the cylinder

After reporting to the ECO personnel must proceed directly to the decontamination zone holding area

The operations will determine the order for personnel to be decontaminated according to the cylinder contents.

(Arabic)

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BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

ArabicInitial Decontamination

Dirty Area Clean Area

BA Board

Drain

Dam/ Shower

Plastic Bags

Brushes

Hose

Support Staff

Clean Clothes

Wind

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

ArabicPortable Decontamination Shower

Arabic

Dilution ratio: :2000 to 1

Arabic

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Emergency Decontamination

May be necessary where fire service personnel have;

Inadequate protection or sustained damage to their CPC (including boots)

Suffered injury A breathing apparatus

emergency. Members of the public or site

personnel who are not protected or who have inadequate protection

Arabic

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2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Decontamination Equipment

Below is a list of typical decontamination equipment. The list is not all encompassing and there may be items on the list that personnel at certain hazmat incidents do not need.

Brushes, BucketsDecontamination poolsDecontamination showersDisposable blanketsGround cover (plastic sheeting or tarps)Hoses, BranchesModesty protectionPlastic bags, Barrier tapeSoap, Sponges, StoolsTowelsTraffic cones

Arabic

Arabic

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Summary

Do not eat, drink or smoke during the incident

Site all personnel, appliances, equipment and control points upwind and in a safe clear area

Wear full fire fighting kit including chemical and gas suits, with BA if required

Arabic

Arabic

Arabic

Arabic

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Summary

If possible work in a well illuminated clear area

Avoid inhalation, ingestion and absorption of chemicals or vapour clouds

Ensure equipment that can create a spark, torches/radios, can be used inside the danger area

Anyone feeling unwell at the incident must report to the Incident Commander immediately.

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BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

ANY QUESTIONS?

BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013