2013 annual weather report - smith college macleish field station weather report 3 definitions of...

2013Annual Weather Report

Smith CollegeAda & Archibald MacLeish

Field StationWhately, Massachusetts, USA

Written by Isabel Cochran (‘15) & Paul Wetzel

March 2015

Looking southeast from the top of WhatelyMet weather tower

2 2013 MacLeish Field Station Weather Report

IntroductionWeather conditions at Smith College’s Ada & Archibald MacLeish Field Station are recorded at the WhatelyMet weather station. This weather collection site is located at the end of Poplar Hill Road in Whately, Massachusetts, USA (Latitude 42 deg. 26 min. 56 sec. N Longitude 72 deg. 40 min. 50 sec. W). The meteorological instruments of WhatelyMet (except the rain gauge) are mounted at the top of a tower 25.3 m tall, well above the surrounding forest canopy. The tower

is located on a local ridge at an ele-vation 250.75 m above sea level.

This report describes the weath-er data collected at WhatelyMet during 2013. It provides highlights of the year’s weather as well as general trends that were observed. We hope that you find the report both interesting and useful. All the data reported in this document is available electronically. Please direct all questions and data inquiries to Paul Wetzel at [email protected] or telephone 413.585.2646.

2013 MacLeish Field Station Weather Report 3

Definitions of Climatic Indicators

The precipitation and biological temperature indicators calculated for this report provide a method of compar-ing general, biologically meaningful climatic trends in different years. The indicators are based on average daily temperatures and rainfall summations. Even though days are in the name of the temperature indicators, they do not actually reflect periods of 24 hours. The indicators really measure the number of degrees the average temperature was above or below a threshold temperature each day of the year. These values are described at http://ccr.aos.wisc.edu/climate_modeling/wisconsin_Climate/descriptions.php. All terms were defined in degrees Fahrenheit and converted to degrees Celsius for this report.

Freezing Degree Days—The number of degrees Fahrenheit that the daily mean temperature is below 32 °F. For exam-ple, two days with daily mean temperatures of 20 °F and 40 °F have 12 and 0 freezing degree days, respectively. Annual total freezing degree days are calculated by summing all of freezing degree days.

Growing Degree Days—The number of degrees Fahrenheit that the daily mean temperature exceeds 50 °F . For exam-ple, two days with daily mean temperatures of 75 °F and 40 °F have 25 and 0 growing degree days, respectively. Annual total growing degree days are calculated by summing all of growing degree days.

Last Spring Freeze Date—The last day between January 1st and mid-summer with a low temperature below 32 °F.

First Autumn Freeze Date—The last day after mid-sum-mer with a low temperature below 32 °F.

Length of the Growing Season—The number of days be-tween the last spring freeze and first autumn freeze.

Frequency of 1” Precipitation Events—The number of days per year with precipitation of at least one inch (25.4 mm).

Frequency of 2” Precipitation Events—The number of days per year with precipitation of at least two inches (50.8 mm).

Frequency of 3” Precipitation Events—The number of days per year with precipitation of at least three inches (76.2 mm).

Paul Wetzel, manager of weather data collection, climbs the WhatelyMet tower.


TemperatureThe monthly average temperature in 2013 ranged from -2.9 °C in January to 23.7°C in July (Table 1, Figure 1). The highest recorded temperature at WhatelyMet was 34.9 °C on July 17th at 15:02. The lowest recorded temperature was -20.2 °C on January 24th at 3:57 (Appendix A). The average daily temperature range (daily maximum-minimum) was -12.2 °C. The maximum daily temperature range was 19 °C and occurred on April 24th. The daily minimum temperature range was 1 °C and occurred on April 12th.

The relative humidity sensor readings were unreliable during the entire year and are not report-ed.

MonthTemperature

(°C)January -2.9February -2.5March 1.4April 7.7May 14.8June 19.1July 23.7August 20.4September 16.1October 11.5November 3.2December -1.7

Table 1. Average monthly temperature recorded at WhatelyMet station during 2013.

During 2013 there were 2671 growing degree days which occurred between April 8th and November 18th, nonconsecutive.

The first autumn freeze date occurred on October 26th.

The last spring freeze date occurred on April 21st.

There were 642 freezing degree days. The spring freezing degree days occurred between January 1st and April 3rd, nonconsecutive. The fall freezing degree days occurred between November 12th and December 31st, nonconsecutive.

The growing season was 188 days!

2013 MacLeish Field Station Weather Report 5

Figure 1. Daily average temperature (black line) and daily maximum and minimum temperatures (gray lines) over the year.

Go to the weather dashboard for current weather at the MacLeish Field Station!

http://macleish.smith.edu


PrecipitationMonth Rainfall

(mm)January 61.7 (14)February 110.2 (11)March 79.0 (10)April 54.6 (18)May 155.7 (13)June 248.9 (15)July 125.7 (11)August 121.7 (13)September 90.9 (9)October 63.5 (9)November 100.3 (9)December 93.0 (18)Total 1305.2

A total of 1305 mm of precipitation was recorded at WhatelyMet during 2013 (Table 1). Although precipitation is relatively evenly distributed across the year, precipitation totals were highest in June and lowest in January. April had the most number of precipitation events (Table 2, Figure 2). Much of the annual precipitation volume came during the months of May, June, and July (41% of the annual total).

The most significant precipitation events occurred in July, August, and November. (Figure 1). The largest precipitation event in 2013 occurred on July 23rd when 85.1mm (6.5% of the annual total) of precipitation fell. During 2013, there were ten, 25.4 mm (1”) precipitation events; two, 50.8 mm (2”) precipitation events; and one 76.2 mm (3”) precipitation event.

Table 2. Total monthly precipitation (mm) recorded at WhatelyMet for 2013. Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of precipitation events in a given month.

Figure 2. Daily precipitation totals (mm) and cumulative precipitation (mm) recorded at WhatelyMet.

APPENDIX A

Monthly Climate

Summaries for 2013

2013 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA Station: WhatelyMetXXX

JANUARY

DayAvg. Temp

Deg. C

Max Temp

Deg. C

Time Max

Temp

Min Temp

Deg. C

Time Min

Temp

Daily Rain

(mm)

Avg. Rel.

Humid (%)

Avg.

Pressure

(mb)

Avg. Solar

Rad. (W)

Avg.

Windspeed

(mps)

Wind

Direction

(deg)

Max

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Max

Windspeed

Min

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Min

Windspeed

1 -2.7 1.1 2:22 -9.9 23:59 0.0 N/A 977 54.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

2 -8.5 -3.2 14:08 -14.8 23:59 0.0 N/A 982 39.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

3 -11.3 -3.8 14:12 -20.0 7:16 0.0 N/A 985 105.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

4 -1.5 3.3 15:30 -6.5 2:03 0.0 N/A 979 59.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

5 0.3 4.5 11:53 -3.7 21:50 0.0 N/A 986 79.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

6 -0.2 4.8 15:01 -5.2 7:23 1.0 N/A 983 81.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

7 0.0 3.2 8:56 -4.7 23:58 0.0 N/A 991 104.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

8 0.3 8.5 15:16 -6.5 3:45 0.0 N/A 993 95.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

9 1.1 6.1 23:57 -3.7 6:02 0.0 N/A 990 45.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

10 3.1 6.7 13:32 -1.2 23:56 0.0 N/A 995 107.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

11 -0.3 1.0 9:56 -2.3 3:22 4.8 N/A 995 29.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

12 3.2 5.4 13:05 0.3 0:01 0.5 N/A 988 39.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

13 4.4 6.0 22:53 2.6 4:04 0.5 N/A 986 29.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

14 5.7 11.5 11:14 0.5 23:39 0.8 N/A 986 89.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

15 0.4 4.6 14:08 -2.3 7:39 0.0 N/A 992 78.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

16 -1.2 -0.2 15:50 -2.5 6:10 12.7 N/A 982 13.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

17 -0.8 3.3 13:39 -5.1 23:57 0.3 N/A 982 66.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

18 -7.7 -4.8 12:32 -10.5 6:43 0.0 N/A 992 122.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

19 -0.3 7.1 14:17 -8.4 0:25 0.0 N/A 985 88.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

20 1.3 8.3 10:37 -5.6 23:30 0.0 N/A 975 81.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

21 -6.8 -4.1 13:01 -9.5 4:31 0.3 N/A 981 58.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

22 -9.7 -6.4 13:49 -14.1 23:40 0.5 N/A 979 122.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

23 -14.8 -10.5 12:08 -17.6 21:06 0.0 N/A 985 128.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

24 -14.3 -8.5 15:22 -20.2 3:57 0.0 N/A 987 133.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

25 -11.3 -6.2 13:44 -16.5 6:52 1.0 N/A 989 97.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

26 -10.4 -5.3 12:09 -14.3 6:07 0.0 N/A 985 144.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

27 -8.1 -1.9 13:20 -12.7 3:47 0.0 N/A 995 139.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

28 -6.7 -4.4 22:32 -8.9 0:06 3.6 N/A 990 27.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

29 -2.2 0.5 13:20 -4.9 1:10 6.9 N/A 986 47.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

30 5.4 10.3 21:42 0.0 0:35 4.1 N/A 975 16.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

31 4.9 13.7 5:05 -3.5 23:57 24.9 N/A 960 90.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Mean/

SUM-2.9 1.6 -7.5 61.7 2416.3

B1


FEBRUARY

DayAvg. Temp

Deg. C

Max Temp

Deg. C

Time Max

Temp

Min Temp

Deg. C

Time Min

Temp

Daily Rain

(mm)

Avg. Rel.

Humid (%)

Avg.

Pressure

(mb)

Avg. Solar

Rad. (W)

Avg.

Windspeed

(mps)

Wind

Direction

(deg)

Max

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Max

Windspeed

Min

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Min

Windspeed

1 -5.0 -1.3 12:51 -8.3 23:08 0.0 N/A 977 123.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

2 -6.8 -2.1 13:40 -12.5 6:54 0.0 N/A 986 116.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

3 -5.8 -0.4 13:09 -9.8 6:14 0.0 N/A 978 113.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

4 -6.7 -3.4 12:49 -9.8 22:02 0.0 N/A 977 102.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

5 -5.7 -1.4 14:33 -9.2 0:02 0.0 N/A 980 106.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

6 -3.7 0.9 13:57 -8.4 23:47 0.0 N/A 984 88.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

7 -5.5 -0.7 12:55 -10.3 6:05 0.0 N/A 996 147.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

8 -5.5 -3.3 13:11 -8.3 23:45 8.4 N/A 986 23.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

9 -7.1 -4.0 13:38 -10.2 23:56 12.5 N/A 980 119.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

10 -4.6 3.4 14:45 -12.3 6:37 11.4 N/A 994 147.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

11 -1.2 3.9 22:23 -6.0 0:57 12.7 N/A 981 21.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

12 2.0 4.3 13:38 0.0 22:51 4.3 N/A 975 52.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

13 1.0 6.0 14:22 -0.8 5:59 0.0 N/A 977 114.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

14 1.7 7.7 14:15 -2.8 5:37 0.0 N/A 979 164.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

15 2.8 11.6 14:28 -2.8 5:48 0.0 N/A 981 143.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

16 -0.5 3.1 13:04 -4.0 23:48 0.8 N/A 979 114.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

17 -7.2 -3.7 0:00 -11.9 23:58 0.0 N/A 970 101.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

18 -7.6 -1.6 15:04 -12.8 6:10 0.0 N/A 983 186.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

19 -0.5 4.8 14:40 -7.0 6:39 2.8 N/A 980 87.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

20 -2.8 2.2 0:04 -5.8 20:20 0.0 N/A 973 146.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

21 -5.0 -2.6 13:00 -6.6 7:49 0.0 N/A 981 184.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

22 -1.0 5.2 13:29 -6.4 0:24 0.0 N/A 993 155.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

23 -0.5 0.4 17:47 -1.6 4:59 2.0 N/A 987 25.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

24 0.4 2.7 13:39 -1.1 23:50 6.9 N/A 977 68.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

25 0.5 4.2 9:55 -2.7 5:20 0.0 N/A 986 89.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

26 1.7 4.5 9:18 -0.7 4:46 0.0 N/A 991 82.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

27 0.9 3.0 13:32 -0.5 4:11 39.1 N/A 976 22.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

28 1.3 3.6 12:16 -0.6 4:14 9.4 N/A 969 53.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Mean/

SUM-2.5 1.7 -6.2 110.2 2901.3

B2


MARCH

DayAvg. Temp

Deg. C

Max Temp

Deg. C

Time Max

Temp

Min Temp

Deg. C

Time Min

Temp

Daily Rain

(mm)

Avg. Rel.

Humid (%)

Avg.

Pressure

(mb)

Avg. Solar

Rad. (W)

Avg.

Windspeed

(mps)

Wind

Direction

(deg)

Max

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Max

Windspeed

Min

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Min

Windspeed

1 2.3 5.7 9:00 -0.9 22:49 0.0 N/A 971 76.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

2 0.6 3.2 9:49 -1.4 23:59 0.0 N/A 973 81.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

3 -1.6 2.6 13:48 -3.6 7:44 0.0 N/A 971 113.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

4 -1.9 2.5 12:09 -5.3 3:30 0.0 N/A 973 187.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

5 1.5 7.4 13:56 -3.0 1:03 0.0 N/A 982 160.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

6 1.0 2.3 10:54 -0.5 20:20 0.5 N/A 985 58.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

7 -0.3 2.1 12:07 -2.0 7:56 2.3 N/A 985 90.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

8 0.8 3.7 17:15 -1.7 7:05 7.1 N/A 985 56.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

9 6.4 13.7 14:09 0.0 6:15 0.0 N/A 991 228.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

10 4.4 10.1 15:16 -1.3 5:18 0.0 N/A 994 214.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

11 4.4 8.3 15:30 0.0 5:35 0.0 N/A 990 104.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

12 7.4 10.7 18:16 2.4 23:58 32.5 N/A 980 18.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

13 3.2 7.7 13:05 -0.8 23:53 0.0 N/A 976 225.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

14 -3.8 -0.6 0:00 -6.5 23:07 0.0 N/A 976 126.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

15 -2.0 3.7 13:21 -7.8 6:08 0.5 N/A 975 182.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

16 -1.5 2.7 13:35 -6.6 6:04 0.0 N/A 977 145.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

17 -3.0 1.5 15:00 -7.5 6:04 0.0 N/A 985 241.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

18 -3.4 2.1 12:05 -10.1 6:09 1.3 N/A 993 179.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

19 -1.5 0.5 13:57 -3.7 0:44 19.8 N/A 977 37.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

20 -2.2 2.3 15:57 -5.8 5:24 7.6 N/A 975 191.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

21 -1.3 5.0 13:31 -6.2 5:59 1.3 N/A 973 224.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

22 -1.9 2.8 12:23 -6.2 3:24 0.0 N/A 973 195.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

23 0.4 4.1 14:09 -3.0 0:31 0.0 N/A 975 180.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

24 1.8 7.2 14:38 -3.1 4:39 0.0 N/A 977 238.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

25 2.0 6.0 12:26 -1.6 5:27 0.0 N/A 971 120.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

26 2.9 7.6 16:31 0.5 23:08 0.0 N/A 973 124.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

27 4.8 10.9 13:20 0.7 0:37 0.0 N/A 978 239.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

28 4.8 10.1 13:00 0.7 6:01 0.0 N/A 982 146.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

29 6.2 11.5 11:57 2.5 23:25 0.0 N/A 985 208.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

30 6.7 11.9 15:17 1.4 4:25 0.0 N/A 986 267.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

31 6.1 12.2 13:31 0.6 5:45 6.1 N/A 983 174.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Mean/

SUM1.4 5.9 -2.6 79.0 4841.3

B3


APRIL

DayAvg. Temp

Deg. C

Max Temp

Deg. C

Time Max

Temp

Min Temp

Deg. C

Time Min

Temp

Daily Rain

(mm)

Avg. Rel.

Humid (%)

Avg.

Pressure

(mb)

Avg. Solar

Rad. (W)

Avg.

Windspeed

(mps)

Wind

Direction

(deg)

Max

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Max

Windspeed

Min

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Min

Windspeed

1 4.2 13.9 12:28 -2.0 23:56 2.0 N/A 972 204.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

2 -1.4 1.7 12:47 -4.5 6:09 0.5 N/A 979 233.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

3 -0.3 4.5 13:31 -3.8 5:44 0.0 N/A 984 292.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

4 4.1 11.7 15:55 -3.9 5:32 0.0 N/A 989 286.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

5 5.9 14.3 12:46 -0.1 3:52 0.0 N/A 978 280.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

6 2.0 7.2 16:12 -3.1 5:41 0.0 N/A 989 296.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

7 5.0 11.7 14:02 -1.1 3:48 0.5 N/A 987 195.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

8 10.8 18.7 16:00 3.4 3:10 0.0 N/A 985 250.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

9 12.9 18.4 16:07 7.1 5:16 1.0 N/A 982 255.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

10 11.1 15.8 14:36 7.0 3:42 8.9 N/A 981 113.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

11 6.1 10.1 12:41 0.4 22:17 1.3 N/A 984 144.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

12 0.6 1.3 13:46 -0.1 8:40 17.3 N/A 983 30.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

13 5.0 10.0 13:50 0.0 1:01 1.5 N/A 979 140.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

14 5.4 9.8 11:29 1.9 23:18 0.0 N/A 985 231.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

15 7.6 13.8 15:39 1.1 5:19 0.0 N/A 994 251.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

16 9.8 17.6 13:16 3.2 5:22 2.3 N/A 991 198.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

17 11.9 18.2 15:53 7.0 5:39 0.0 N/A 991 306.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

18 10.3 15.2 12:39 5.0 5:00 0.0 N/A 993 170.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

19 14.4 20.5 14:21 8.5 3:33 8.4 N/A 979 77.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

20 7.1 12.5 14:41 0.5 23:59 9.9 N/A 981 210.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

21 4.7 11.3 16:12 -2.0 5:06 0.0 N/A 1000 323.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

22 5.8 12.0 13:33 0.7 3:54 0.0 N/A 1004 313.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

23 3.1 5.2 13:55 1.1 3:48 0.0 N/A 995 51.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

24 12.5 22.7 16:04 3.7 0:01 0.0 N/A 981 305.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

25 9.5 14.8 15:24 5.0 6:27 1.0 N/A 987 326.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

26 10.7 17.3 12:41 5.5 4:35 0.0 N/A 995 252.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

27 12.0 18.7 15:23 5.1 3:46 0.0 N/A 995 276.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

28 13.1 20.7 14:44 5.5 4:41 0.0 N/A 992 309.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

29 11.9 18.1 12:03 7.6 3:54 0.0 N/A 992 159.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

30 14.7 21.7 16:37 9.3 5:23 0.0 N/A 993 301.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Mean/

SUM7.7 13.6 2.3 54.6 6789.1

B4


MAY

DayAvg. Temp

Deg. C

Max Temp

Deg. C

Time Max

Temp

Min Temp

Deg. C

Time Min

Temp

Daily Rain

(mm)

Avg. Rel.

Humid (%)

Avg.

Pressure

(mb)

Avg. Solar

Rad. (W)

Avg.

Windspeed

(mps)

Wind

Direction

(deg)

Max

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Max

Windspeed

Min

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Min

Windspeed

1 15.1 23.2 15:31 6.9 4:49 0.0 N/A 998 329.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

2 16.8 27.7 15:43 9.2 2:34 0.0 N/A 997 296.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

3 12.6 19.6 16:25 6.0 4:48 0.0 N/A 998 331.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

4 14.5 22.4 14:37 6.8 23:48 0.0 N/A 994 332.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

5 11.9 20.7 15:32 3.0 4:54 0.0 N/A 993 341.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

6 12.5 21.6 15:42 3.5 3:14 0.0 N/A 991 329.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

7 17.4 25.5 14:07 8.3 4:28 0.0 N/A 989 326.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

8 16.4 22.0 11:56 12.8 4:47 13.0 N/A 988 119.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

9 15.0 20.1 14:04 11.9 22:36 1.3 N/A 983 160.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

10 18.0 24.6 14:35 10.5 4:40 0.0 N/A 982 277.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

11 15.5 17.5 14:31 13.3 4:15 15.0 N/A 976 41.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

12 12.3 18.6 11:31 6.1 23:09 0.8 N/A 974 229.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

13 7.0 11.5 13:31 3.8 4:37 0.0 N/A 983 244.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

14 8.1 13.4 14:41 2.6 3:06 0.0 N/A 985 194.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

15 9.4 14.5 12:07 2.3 4:46 2.3 N/A 980 146.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

16 18.9 26.0 14:43 9.9 3:01 0.0 N/A 975 330.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

17 14.7 20.8 14:38 8.2 4:38 0.0 N/A 986 336.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

18 15.3 21.6 13:17 9.3 4:29 0.0 N/A 993 251.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

19 12.3 16.4 9:32 8.5 4:21 4.3 N/A 994 112.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

20 19.2 27.5 15:04 12.0 0:11 0.0 N/A 985 242.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

21 19.6 29.8 13:07 10.9 22:56 28.2 N/A 982 199.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

22 16.9 22.1 16:35 10.7 2:25 14.0 N/A 981 134.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

23 18.6 21.3 12:24 17.3 23:57 37.3 N/A 979 53.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

24 13.1 18.5 8:53 6.0 23:52 8.1 N/A 977 118.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

25 5.5 6.9 10:53 3.7 21:04 16.3 N/A 978 77.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

26 7.7 12.7 14:20 3.2 1:58 0.8 N/A 982 184.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

27 14.4 21.2 16:24 5.5 0:04 0.0 N/A 988 354.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

28 15.7 21.5 13:08 9.6 0:34 0.0 N/A 990 250.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

29 15.9 21.7 17:17 12.9 2:46 14.5 N/A 986 83.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

30 22.9 30.4 16:13 15.1 4:29 0.0 N/A 987 276.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

31 26.6 33.4 14:32 19.5 4:49 0.0 N/A 986 308.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Mean/

SUM14.8 21.1 8.7 155.7 7012.8

B5


JUNE

DayAvg. Temp

Deg. C

Max Temp

Deg. C

Time Max

Temp

Min Temp

Deg. C

Time Min

Temp

Daily Rain

(mm)

Avg. Rel.

Humid (%)

Avg.

Pressure

(mb)

Avg. Solar

Rad. (W)

Avg.

Windspeed

(mps)

Wind

Direction

(deg)

Max

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Max

Windspeed

Min

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Min

Windspeed

1 25.7 32.9 13:54 18.3 4:08 0.0 N/A 982 310.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

2 22.6 29.4 12:30 18.6 23:46 4.1 N/A 978 250.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

3 18.5 24.2 13:55 9.4 23:58 5.1 N/A 979 259.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

4 15.0 22.0 15:30 6.8 4:35 0.0 N/A 983 348.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

5 16.7 23.0 13:59 10.5 5:08 0.0 N/A 989 300.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

6 15.6 20.7 12:55 11.1 4:36 4.3 N/A 989 192.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

7 11.2 12.1 7:16 9.9 23:33 46.5 N/A 983 38.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

8 16.2 23.0 12:23 9.8 1:14 12.2 N/A 979 280.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

9 19.1 25.0 16:03 12.7 3:50 0.0 N/A 989 322.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

10 16.2 20.4 9:50 14.0 23:01 32.5 N/A 989 81.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

11 14.5 18.1 13:23 12.6 4:55 24.9 N/A 975 101.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

12 16.7 21.9 16:21 13.6 4:59 0.0 N/A 975 318.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

13 12.2 14.4 0:39 9.4 23:16 39.4 N/A 976 37.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

14 15.7 24.3 15:53 9.3 2:45 10.9 N/A 976 283.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

15 19.1 24.7 14:57 13.7 4:35 0.0 N/A 982 354.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

16 18.1 21.3 19:34 13.3 0:18 0.0 N/A 980 130.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

17 20.0 27.9 12:24 15.1 4:44 3.8 N/A 980 259.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

18 15.9 21.5 10:56 13.2 5:20 6.4 N/A 982 133.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

19 17.0 23.7 14:50 11.3 5:22 0.0 N/A 986 338.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

20 19.0 25.5 17:10 12.0 3:00 0.0 N/A 992 343.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

21 21.0 28.9 16:42 13.0 4:52 0.0 N/A 992 327.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

22 22.0 28.8 13:54 15.2 4:49 0.0 N/A 991 296.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

23 24.0 31.6 14:14 17.0 4:43 0.0 N/A 988 297.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

24 24.1 32.5 12:48 18.6 22:53 2.3 N/A 984 263.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

25 24.5 31.5 13:14 17.9 3:43 0.0 N/A 980 279.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

26 23.5 28.0 17:15 19.6 23:29 0.0 N/A 978 192.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

27 21.3 25.7 15:03 18.5 23:56 6.6 N/A 978 141.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

28 21.9 26.9 14:36 17.7 1:55 48.0 N/A 969 226.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

29 22.6 27.7 15:24 19.4 4:32 0.0 N/A 971 228.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

30 22.5 28.1 12:46 19.0 4:44 2.0 N/A 979 197.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Mean/

SUM19.1 24.9 14.0 248.9 7136.9

B6


JULY

DayAvg. Temp

Deg. C

Max Temp

Deg. C

Time Max

Temp

Min Temp

Deg. C

Time Min

Temp

Daily Rain

(mm)

Avg. Rel.

Humid (%)

Avg.

Pressure

(mb)

Avg. Solar

Rad. (W)

Avg.

Windspeed

(mps)

Wind

Direction

(deg)

Max

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Max

Windspeed

Min

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Min

Windspeed

1 21.9 24.1 13:50 20.9 4:26 8.6 N/A 985 66.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

2 23.3 27.3 16:43 20.9 2:23 0.5 N/A 989 145.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

3 24.6 28.9 16:20 21.2 5:10 0.3 N/A 991 218.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

4 26.1 31.8 12:30 21.0 5:15 0.0 N/A 991 294.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

5 27.5 32.4 14:24 22.3 4:27 0.0 N/A 989 260.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

6 26.7 30.9 15:10 22.2 23:54 0.0 N/A 987 297.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

7 24.7 30.5 11:55 21.5 2:00 0.0 N/A 985 152.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

8 25.2 30.8 13:28 21.4 4:10 0.0 N/A 984 253.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

9 22.1 25.1 17:34 20.4 7:49 1.3 N/A 987 105.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

10 22.6 26.5 12:43 20.6 4:56 6.9 N/A 981 115.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

11 23.0 27.2 12:37 19.4 23:54 0.3 N/A 980 170.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

12 21.7 27.3 13:11 18.3 5:19 0.0 N/A 988 240.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

13 20.2 24.1 16:34 15.4 5:27 1.0 N/A 994 104.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

14 26.0 32.1 16:30 20.3 1:54 0.0 N/A 994 240.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

15 27.5 33.5 13:51 21.7 3:34 0.0 N/A 991 289.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

16 28.0 33.5 15:15 23.0 3:06 0.0 N/A 991 310.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

17 28.4 34.9 15:02 23.5 5:06 0.0 N/A 989 295.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

18 28.9 34.5 13:21 24.6 4:25 0.0 N/A 985 301.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

19 29.2 34.4 13:44 23.2 4:29 0.0 N/A 980 308.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

20 25.9 31.0 10:51 20.3 23:10 0.0 N/A 977 201.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

21 23.6 28.4 14:58 18.0 4:09 0.0 N/A 983 207.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

22 22.6 28.6 15:53 18.4 4:54 20.3 N/A 983 223.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

23 22.0 27.5 16:58 18.8 4:33 85.1 N/A 973 149.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

24 21.6 27.1 13:17 13.4 23:59 0.0 N/A 977 255.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

25 16.3 21.8 13:15 11.5 3:14 0.0 N/A 987 181.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

26 18.6 23.9 16:33 15.7 23:50 1.0 N/A 985 144.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

27 20.9 27.8 15:02 14.5 5:01 0.0 N/A 986 295.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

28 21.0 26.4 12:39 16.9 2:38 0.0 N/A 984 184.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

29 22.6 28.5 14:54 18.3 4:12 0.5 N/A 985 231.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

30 20.8 25.6 16:35 15.5 4:37 0.0 N/A 988 280.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

31 21.1 26.4 11:58 15.6 3:17 0.0 N/A 988 260.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Mean/

SUM23.7 28.8 19.3 125.7 6783.5

B7


AUGUST

DayAvg. Temp

Deg. C

Max Temp

Deg. C

Time Max

Temp

Min Temp

Deg. C

Time Min

Temp

Daily Rain

(mm)

Avg. Rel.

Humid (%)

Avg.

Pressure

(mb)

Avg. Solar

Rad. (W)

Avg.

Windspeed

(mps)

Wind

Direction

(deg)

Max

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Max

Windspeed

Min

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Min

Windspeed

1 18.6 25.3 11:50 15.5 4:52 19.8 N/A 983 134.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

2 21.2 27.0 14:46 16.3 20:18 1.5 N/A 979 309.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

3 20.2 26.1 16:26 15.2 23:29 0.0 N/A 979 217.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

4 18.4 24.8 13:25 12.7 22:05 0.8 N/A 980 253.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

5 17.4 23.1 17:09 11.7 3:22 0.0 N/A 984 330.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

6 18.9 25.0 16:04 12.6 4:59 0.3 N/A 988 307.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

7 19.5 24.9 12:48 15.0 5:22 0.0 N/A 989 249.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

8 22.0 26.6 13:56 17.5 2:13 1.0 N/A 986 173.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

9 22.0 26.0 13:56 20.3 22:12 59.9 N/A 981 65.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

10 21.1 26.3 11:40 15.8 23:58 0.0 N/A 983 313.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

11 19.5 26.5 13:03 13.1 4:30 0.0 N/A 987 289.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

12 21.2 27.2 16:05 15.5 4:47 0.0 N/A 984 256.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

13 19.1 22.1 17:00 15.6 23:58 6.1 N/A 978 81.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

14 16.5 21.4 14:25 11.4 5:01 0.3 N/A 979 221.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

15 17.3 23.7 15:42 10.8 4:53 0.0 N/A 987 295.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

16 18.7 26.4 16:01 12.3 3:25 0.0 N/A 990 238.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

17 20.8 26.9 15:16 14.1 3:51 0.0 N/A 993 272.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

18 19.6 25.8 12:40 15.3 4:36 0.0 N/A 992 159.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

19 21.1 26.0 11:02 16.0 4:34 0.0 N/A 986 209.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

20 22.7 28.8 12:38 15.8 4:41 0.0 N/A 987 276.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

21 23.6 30.3 13:58 17.6 5:01 0.0 N/A 988 276.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

22 23.0 28.1 12:22 17.3 5:06 0.3 N/A 983 199.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

23 20.4 25.8 14:14 14.4 23:59 0.0 N/A 985 258.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

24 18.8 26.6 16:22 12.8 4:50 0.0 N/A 994 298.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

25 20.2 27.2 13:39 12.9 5:11 0.0 N/A 994 283.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

26 20.6 28.3 13:02 15.8 5:07 10.9 N/A 985 174.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

27 23.2 30.4 16:32 18.4 4:49 0.8 N/A 981 214.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

28 23.4 30.1 14:50 19.5 4:00 0.8 N/A 981 243.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

29 19.0 24.6 13:44 16.4 23:32 0.0 N/A 986 123.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

30 21.7 30.2 16:05 15.6 4:07 0.0 N/A 982 227.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

31 21.9 26.0 14:12 19.5 0:24 19.3 N/A 979 92.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Mean/

SUM20.4 26.4 15.2 121.7 7046.8

B8


SEPTEMBER

DayAvg. Temp

Deg. C

Max Temp

Deg. C

Time Max

Temp

Min Temp

Deg. C

Time Min

Temp

Daily Rain

(mm)

Avg. Rel.

Humid (%)

Avg.

Pressure

(mb)

Avg. Solar

Rad. (W)

Avg.

Windspeed

(mps)

Wind

Direction

(deg)

Max

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Max

Windspeed

Min

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Min

Windspeed

1 22.1 26.2 13:09 18.7 4:35 5.1 N/A 980 103.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

2 21.8 25.3 14:46 19.4 4:32 4.3 N/A 977 89.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

3 19.5 24.7 16:08 14.1 22:02 0.0 N/A 977 115.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

4 19.7 25.8 13:50 13.9 5:15 0.0 N/A 981 270.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

5 16.9 21.1 10:59 10.0 23:58 0.0 N/A 984 204.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

6 14.1 20.4 15:18 8.3 5:21 0.0 N/A 990 265.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

7 17.0 25.9 13:52 9.7 5:32 0.0 N/A 984 222.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

8 16.9 22.5 9:27 9.7 23:58 0.0 N/A 981 202.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

9 13.7 19.9 15:25 6.6 5:04 0.0 N/A 990 228.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

10 18.3 23.6 14:26 12.4 0:31 11.9 N/A 987 79.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

11 25.3 33.8 13:39 19.4 23:44 3.8 N/A 986 224.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

12 21.3 26.6 11:37 18.4 22:45 39.1 N/A 979 109.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

13 17.8 23.9 11:03 12.6 23:39 1.0 N/A 974 142.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

14 13.6 18.9 11:58 9.6 5:32 0.0 N/A 983 219.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

15 13.9 20.7 15:10 6.6 5:01 0.0 N/A 988 208.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

16 13.1 20.2 14:56 6.1 23:56 0.5 N/A 988 146.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

17 10.7 18.6 15:57 4.0 2:55 0.0 N/A 996 249.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

18 13.6 22.0 15:34 5.4 5:33 0.0 N/A 992 245.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

19 16.5 23.8 15:32 8.9 5:22 0.0 N/A 988 241.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

20 17.5 25.0 14:54 10.8 5:25 0.0 N/A 986 238.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

21 16.8 22.3 12:47 11.6 2:24 3.6 N/A 980 141.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

22 14.3 19.8 13:13 8.2 23:59 21.6 N/A 976 178.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

23 10.1 16.0 13:58 4.8 4:14 0.0 N/A 983 235.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

24 11.2 19.4 15:48 3.0 5:40 0.0 N/A 982 239.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

25 15.0 22.9 15:53 7.9 2:49 0.0 N/A 982 225.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

26 13.6 18.7 15:09 9.8 6:12 0.0 N/A 986 187.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

27 12.8 16.6 14:43 9.6 3:02 0.0 N/A 992 86.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

28 16.5 24.2 14:21 11.1 0:22 0.0 N/A 994 205.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

29 15.2 22.4 13:39 10.0 5:43 0.0 N/A 990 216.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

30 15.1 23.0 15:17 8.1 3:57 0.0 N/A 986 211.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Mean/

SUM16.1 22.5 10.3 90.9 5735.1

B9


OCTOBER

DayAvg. Temp

Deg. C

Max Temp

Deg. C

Time Max

Temp

Min Temp

Deg. C

Time Min

Temp

Daily Rain

(mm)

Avg. Rel.

Humid (%)

Avg.

Pressure

(mb)

Avg. Solar

Rad. (W)

Avg.

Windspeed

(mps)

Wind

Direction

(deg)

Max

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Max

Windspeed

Min

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Min

Windspeed

1 17.3 25.6 13:09 9.5 5:53 0.0 N/A 982 195.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

2 19.7 25.8 11:15 13.3 3:57 0.0 N/A 982 188.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

3 17.8 25.2 14:13 12.6 5:35 0.0 N/A 986 198.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

4 14.4 16.2 14:02 12.4 8:14 14.2 N/A 987 76.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

5 16.0 20.4 12:02 13.1 2:43 4.1 N/A 987 98.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

6 12.5 14.8 2:27 10.9 17:10 16.0 N/A 989 16.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

7 14.9 21.2 13:59 10.3 23:10 13.5 N/A 982 43.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

8 12.6 18.8 15:48 6.9 5:48 0.3 N/A 991 202.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

9 11.3 18.1 14:16 6.6 6:12 0.0 N/A 997 191.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

10 10.4 13.0 14:19 5.8 6:02 0.0 N/A 993 69.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

11 15.2 22.0 13:00 10.0 3:32 0.0 N/A 989 154.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

12 13.0 16.4 9:38 10.8 23:42 0.0 N/A 994 77.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

13 12.0 16.3 12:49 7.5 6:13 0.0 N/A 997 123.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

14 13.0 18.9 14:51 6.5 5:41 0.0 N/A 994 179.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

15 15.5 20.9 14:11 10.9 23:46 0.0 N/A 991 105.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

16 12.2 15.4 9:24 9.5 7:17 0.0 N/A 985 64.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

17 16.5 24.1 14:56 11.0 1:17 1.0 N/A 978 154.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

18 13.7 18.2 13:55 7.9 23:44 3.0 N/A 977 132.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

19 11.9 18.1 12:50 6.9 6:12 0.5 N/A 980 132.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

20 10.4 15.9 12:56 6.3 6:13 0.0 N/A 980 164.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

21 11.6 19.7 13:31 4.8 6:18 0.0 N/A 985 166.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

22 9.6 14.6 12:23 6.1 22:23 0.0 N/A 978 65.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

23 7.0 12.5 12:28 3.6 5:00 0.0 N/A 974 86.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

24 5.8 10.7 13:13 2.0 4:45 0.0 N/A 977 133.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

25 4.5 9.7 11:06 0.8 5:08 0.0 N/A 985 135.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

26 6.5 11.8 13:49 -0.2 6:11 0.0 N/A 984 114.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

27 7.1 11.4 10:48 3.0 21:57 0.0 N/A 981 107.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

28 6.8 14.2 11:05 1.1 23:55 0.0 N/A 989 112.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

29 3.9 10.4 13:38 -1.3 6:38 0.0 N/A 996 157.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

30 5.1 12.2 14:03 0.7 4:21 0.0 N/A 992 79.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

31 8.4 13.5 23:33 3.5 5:15 10.9 N/A 985 18.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Mean/

SUM11.5 17.0 6.9 63.5 3746.3

B10


NOVEMBER

DayAvg. Temp

Deg. C

Max Temp

Deg. C

Time Max

Temp

Min Temp

Deg. C

Time Min

Temp

Daily Rain

(mm)

Avg. Rel.

Humid (%)

Avg.

Pressure

(mb)

Avg. Solar

Rad. (W)

Avg.

Windspeed

(mps)

Wind

Direction

(deg)

Max

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Max

Windspeed

Min

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Min

Windspeed

1 15.3 19.5 15:18 10.4 23:57 3.0 N/A 970 58.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

2 11.6 18.2 12:40 7.6 23:59 0.0 N/A 973 110.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

3 3.6 9.2 13:12 -2.0 23:57 0.0 N/A 988 126.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

4 0.7 6.8 13:22 -3.5 5:41 0.0 N/A 1003 149.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

5 3.6 9.7 14:12 -2.6 5:44 0.0 N/A 1003 131.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

6 9.5 15.9 13:55 4.3 1:45 0.0 N/A 993 113.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

7 9.0 15.1 8:33 2.6 23:44 1.8 N/A 978 25.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

8 2.5 7.1 14:12 -0.8 4:09 0.3 N/A 982 89.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

9 2.4 7.3 13:50 -2.1 6:35 0.0 N/A 988 71.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

10 5.4 10.1 15:15 2.8 2:32 0.0 N/A 978 43.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

11 5.8 10.1 13:20 1.7 6:32 0.0 N/A 983 110.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

12 0.0 7.3 1:05 -4.3 23:59 0.0 N/A 986 53.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

13 -2.6 1.8 14:37 -6.4 6:32 0.0 N/A 991 135.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

14 3.5 10.5 14:12 -3.8 1:30 0.0 N/A 986 122.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

15 7.0 12.9 13:53 1.9 4:22 0.0 N/A 988 113.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

16 8.8 15.7 13:32 4.2 7:24 0.0 N/A 992 108.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

17 7.7 12.2 23:45 4.5 6:51 4.8 N/A 988 14.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

18 12.8 17.5 13:55 6.0 23:59 8.9 N/A 971 112.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

19 2.3 6.1 0:00 -2.9 23:50 0.0 N/A 983 128.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

20 -0.6 5.4 13:41 -5.7 5:13 0.0 N/A 1000 124.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

21 2.0 6.1 14:17 -4.4 6:14 0.0 N/A 1001 105.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

22 5.5 8.2 23:50 3.0 7:53 1.3 N/A 986 22.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

23 1.8 8.0 0:01 -5.0 23:59 0.8 N/A 979 109.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

24 -7.0 -3.8 13:30 -10.2 7:34 0.0 N/A 983 119.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

25 -4.7 1.7 13:39 -11.2 5:27 0.0 N/A 993 115.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

26 -1.0 0.8 14:11 -3.9 7:12 6.9 N/A 990 43.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

27 3.9 9.8 10:30 -0.1 1:12 72.6 N/A 966 11.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

28 -3.7 0.7 0:08 -7.4 22:40 0.0 N/A 986 117.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

29 -4.2 1.1 11:18 -7.8 6:48 0.0 N/A 1001 112.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

30 -5.1 -1.1 12:19 -9.6 6:46 0.0 N/A 1004 105.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Mean/

SUM3.2 8.3 -1.5 100.3 2806.1

B11


DECEMBER

DayAvg. Temp

Deg. C

Max Temp

Deg. C

Time Max

Temp

Min Temp

Deg. C

Time Min

Temp

Daily Rain

(mm)

Avg. Rel.

Humid (%)

Avg.

Pressure

(mb)

Avg. Solar

Rad. (W)

Avg.

Windspeed

(mps)

Wind

Direction

(deg)

Max

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Max

Windspeed

Min

Windspeed

(mps)

Time Min

Windspeed

1 0.1 3.1 14:45 -3.8 3:12 0.3 N/A 989 44.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

2 1.8 4.3 12:40 0.0 21:32 0.0 N/A 982 29.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

3 2.5 10.1 14:24 -1.2 7:00 0.0 N/A 981 79.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

4 2.0 7.4 15:13 -1.8 7:33 0.0 N/A 986 79.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

5 5.3 10.3 21:24 2.3 1:17 4.6 N/A 985 9.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

6 5.4 10.5 4:29 0.1 22:14 7.1 N/A 984 19.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

7 -0.6 3.2 9:14 -4.1 23:58 3.6 N/A 992 75.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

8 -3.4 -1.3 14:46 -5.7 6:23 0.0 N/A 1000 41.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

9 -1.9 0.4 16:23 -5.4 5:12 4.1 N/A 987 17.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

10 -2.3 0.4 1:13 -7.3 22:27 0.8 N/A 980 15.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

11 -5.4 -0.5 11:25 -9.2 7:01 0.0 N/A 987 84.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

12 -8.3 -4.2 13:48 -12.3 23:33 0.0 N/A 989 107.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

13 -7.9 -2.6 14:08 -12.7 3:49 0.0 N/A 986 54.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

14 -12.9 -9.2 0:00 -15.1 7:41 4.1 N/A 996 38.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

15 -5.1 -0.2 12:09 -10.6 0:03 9.7 N/A 972 44.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

16 -6.8 -3.0 10:54 -12.3 23:46 1.0 N/A 982 80.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

17 -12.3 -8.6 23:44 -15.3 6:46 3.6 N/A 986 18.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

18 -4.1 1.3 10:46 -8.8 6:18 7.4 N/A 982 76.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

19 -0.1 6.2 13:55 -6.0 0:39 0.5 N/A 984 91.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

20 3.4 6.8 12:02 -0.1 7:40 2.0 N/A 983 49.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

21 7.4 11.5 13:49 3.4 7:12 1.0 N/A 980 48.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

22 11.7 15.3 15:50 8.0 2:21 0.8 N/A 978 20.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

23 6.5 12.2 2:41 0.6 23:53 13.7 N/A 984 9.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

24 -2.0 2.4 13:07 -8.1 23:59 0.0 N/A 987 72.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

25 -8.3 -3.6 12:56 -13.0 7:21 0.0 N/A 996 95.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

26 -5.2 -2.1 15:11 -8.8 0:13 1.8 N/A 991 23.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

27 -2.1 1.0 14:33 -5.3 7:18 0.0 N/A 990 59.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

28 0.6 8.6 14:23 -5.0 7:29 0.0 N/A 986 73.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

29 2.1 3.8 8:37 1.0 16:40 27.2 N/A 977 18.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

30 -2.4 3.3 4:35 -11.5 23:13 0.0 N/A 980 90.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

31 -9.0 -5.9 14:38 -13.9 7:30 0.0 N/A 986 75.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Mean/

SUM-1.7 2.6 -5.9 93.0 1642.3

B12

APPENDIX BList of Sensors & Measurement Ranges

Relative humidity and temperature are measured with a R.M. Young Co., Model 41382, relative humidity and temperature probe. The probe is housed in a radiation shield and ambient air is continuously blown past the sensor to reduce tempera-ture fluctuation from solar radiation. The calibrated measuring range of the tempera-ture probe is -50 to +50˚C, with an accura-cy of ±0.3˚C. The relative humidity probe has an accuracy of ±2%.

A pyranometer (Kipp & Zonen, model CM 3) measures solar radiation received in the horizontal (180 degrees) field of view. Typical accuracy is ±5%.

Barometric pressure is measured with an R.M. Young barometric pressure sensor, model 61202V. The operating temperature is –50 to +60 ˚C, with an accuracy of ±0.3 hPa at 20 ˚C.

2013 Annual Weather Report Appendix B B-1

Wind velocity and direction are measured with a 2-axis, non-moving parts, ultrasonic anemometer (R.M. Young, model 85004). Wind measurements are based on the transit time of ultrasonic pulses between four transducers. The transit time between the transducers is altered as the wind blows to calculate wind velocity. Wind direction is deter-mined from relative velocities along each acoustic path. The unit is heated to prevent ice and snow buildup. The anemometer has a wind speed range of 0–70 m/s, with ac-curacy in the 0–30 m/s range of ±2% or 0.1 m/s. The wind direction accuracy is ±2%.

Precipitation is measured using a Campbell Scientific 8” heated siphoning tipping-bucket rain gauge located on the ground. The bucket tips when 0.01 inches (0.254 mm) of precipitation accumulates. The rain gauge has a precision of +/– 2% for rainfall intensities up to 19.7 in/hour (500 mm/hr). Note that if there is a large amount of snowfall it will take 1-3 days for all of the snow to melt and be recorded by the gauge. This is especially true if large snowfalls occur during or are followed by very cold temperatures. The result is that large snowfall events look like extended precipita-tion events.

Also note that the rain gauge is located within 2 m of a one story building. The building may obstruct accurate measurements of certain rain events.

2013 Annual Weather Report Appendix B B-2

2013 annual weather report - smith college macleish field station weather report 3 definitions of...

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