PREFACE

Everyday innumerable technologies are invented and developed all over the

world in many fields. Added to this, many technologies have resulted in failure also.

One, who is born, has to die one day. During this short span of life, the thrust for new

technologies and developments have not quenched yet. As a result of this, many

latest technologies were introduced.

This magazine “INFOLINE” was aimed to provide basic necessary

information about the latest technologies developed and it also creates awareness to

the one who is reading this.

Your comments and valuable suggestions for the improvement from the

students, teachers and friends are warmly welcomed and will be gratefully

acknowledged.

Infoline Team

Acknowledgement

We wish to thank Thiru A.Venkatachalam B.Sc., Correspondent, Kongu

Arts And Science College, Erode and our Management for the support to

publish the magazine Dr.N.Raman M.B.A., M.Com., M.Phil., B.Ed., PGDCA.,Ph.D.,

Principal, Kongu Arts And Science College, Erode has provided considerable

support to us during this effort. We proudly thank our Chief Editor, Staff

Advisor, Staff Members and the students of Department of Computer

Technology and Information Technology for their guidance and suggestions to

complete this magazine.

Infoline Team

IN F O L IN E IN F O L IN E IN F O L IN E IN F O L IN E

TE CH N O L O G Y N A V IG A TO RTE CH N O L O G Y N A V IG A TO RTE CH N O L O G Y N A V IG A TO RTE CH N O L O G Y N A V IG A TO R

Executive Committee

Chief Patron : Thiru A.Venkatachalam B.Sc.,

Patron : Dr. N.Raman M.B.A., M.Com., M.Phil., B.Ed., PGDCA.,Ph.D.,

Editor in Chief : S.Muruganantham M.Sc., M.Phil.,

Staff Advisor:

M.G.Annapoorani M.Sc.,

Assistant Professor, Department of CT & IT.

Staff Editor:

S.Thangamani M.C.A., M.Phil.,

Assistant Professor, Department of CT & IT.

Student Editors:

E.Ananthi III.B.Sc (CT)

P.Kokiladevi III.B.Sc (CT)

R.Gokul Raju III.B.Sc (CT)

S.Rajesh Kumar III B.Sc (IT)

R.Santhiya III B.Sc (IT)

Organizing Members:

M.Bharani Babu II.B.Sc (CT)

D.Sibiraj II.B.Sc (CT)

M.Satheesh Kumar II B.Sc (CT)

V.Vidhya II.B.Sc (CT)

S.Manivasagam II.B.Sc (IT)

C.Saran Prakash II.B.Sc (IT)

G.Yakavi II B.Sc(IT)

S.Indumathi II B.Sc(IT)

CONTENTS

Preface i

Acknowledgment ii

Executive Committee iii

WINDOWS SERVER 2012 1

GIGABYTE G1.SNIPER 3 GAMING MOTHERBOARD 6

IOS 6 14

MIDORI 17

BODHI LINUX 19

5G TECHNOLOGY 24

ANDROID 4.0 27

MACBOOK PRO 36

ARTICLES

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1

WINDOWS SERVER 2012

Windows Server powers many of

the worlds' largest datacenters, enables

small businesses around the world, and

delivers value to organizations of all sizes

in between. Windows Server 2012

redefines the server category, delivering

hundreds of new features and

enhancements spanning virtualization,

networking, storage, user experience, cloud

computing, automation, and more. Simply

put, Windows Server 2012 helps you

transform your IT operations to reduce

costs and deliver a whole new level of

business value.Download the Windows

Server 2012 evaluation and learn what it

can do for you today. Windows Server

2012, codenamed "Windows Server 8", is

the sixth release of Windows Server. It is

the server version of Windows 8 and

succeeds Windows Server 2008 R2. Two

pre-release versions, a developer preview

and a beta version, were released during

development. The software was generally

available to customers starting on

September 4, 2012.

Unlike its predecessor, Windows Server

2012 has no support for Itanium-based

computers, and has four editions. Various

features were added or improved over

Windows Server 2008 R2, such as an

updated version of Hyper-V, an IP address

management role, a new version of

Windows Task Manager, and ReFS, a new

file system. Although it has a Metro user

interface(which has led to a mixed

reception for Windows 8), the operating

system has generally received positive

reviews for these features.

Windows Server 2012, codenamed

"Windows Server 8", is the sixth release

of Windows Server family of operating

systems developed concurrently with

Windows 8. It was not until 17 April 2012

that the company announced that the final

product name would be "Windows Server

2012".

Microsoft introduced Windows Server

2012 and its developer preview in the

BUILD 2011 conference on 9 September

2011. However, unlike Windows 8, the

developer preview of Windows Server

2012 was only made available to MSDN

subscribers. It included a graphical user

interface (GUI) based on Metro design

language and a new Server Manager, a

graphical application used for server

management. On 16 February 2012,

Microsoft released an update for

developer preview build that extended its

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2

expiry date from 8 April 2012 to 15

January 2013.

Before Windows Server 2012 was

finalized, two test builds were made

public. A public beta version of Windows

Server 2012 was released along with the

Windows 8 Consumer Preview on 29

February 2012. The release candidate of

Windows Server 2012 was released on 31

May 2012, along with the Windows 8

Release Preview.

The product was released to

manufacturing on 1 August 2012 and

became generally available on 4

September 2012. However, not all

editions of Windows Server 2012 were

released at the same time. Windows

Server 2012 Essentials was released to

manufacturing on 9 October 2012 and

was made generally available on 5

November 2012. As of 23 September

2012, all students subscribed to

DreamSpark program can download

Windows Server 2012 Standard or

Datacenter free of charge.

Features

Installation options

Unlike its predecessor, Windows Server

2012 can switch between "Server Core"

and "Server with a GUI" installation

options without a full reinstallation. Server

Core - an option with a command-line

interface only - is now the recommended

configuration. There is also a third

installation option, exclusive to Windows

8, that allows some GUI elements such as

MMC and Server Manager to run, but

without the normal desktop, shell or default

programs like Windows Explorer.

User interface

Server Manager has been redesigned with

an emphasis on easing management of

multiple servers. The operating system, like

Windows 8, uses the Metro UI unless

installed in Server Core mode. Windows

PowerShell in this version has over 2300

commandlets, compared to around 200 in

Windows Server 2008 R2.

Task Manager

Windows Server 2012 includes a

new version of Windows Task Manager

together with the old version. In the new

version the tabs are hidden by default

showing applications only. In the new

Processes tab, the processes are displayed

in varying shades of yellow, with darker

shades representing heavier resource use.

It lists application names and status, as well

as CPU, memory, hard disk and network

utilization. The process information found

in the older versions are now moved to the

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new Details tab. The Performance tab

shows "CPU", "Memory", "Disk", "Wi-Fi"

and "Ethernet" graphs. The CPU tab no

longer displays individual graphs for every

logical processor on the system by default;

instead, it can display data for each NUMA

node. When displaying data for each

logical processor for machines with more

than 64 logical processors, the CPU tab

now displays simple utilization percentages

on heat-mapping tiles. The color used for

these heat maps is blue, with darker shades

again indicating heavier utilization.

Hovering the cursor over any logical

processor's data now shows the NUMA

node of that processor and its ID, if

applicable. Additionally, a new Startup tab

has been added that lists startup

applications, however this tab does not

exist in Windows Server 2012. The new

task manager recognizes when a Windows

Store app has the "Suspended" status.

IP address management (IPAM)

Windows Server 2012 has an IP address

management role for discovering,

monitoring, auditing, and managing the IP

address space used on a corporate network.

The IPAM is used for the management and

monitoring of Domain Name System

(DNS) and Dynamic Host Configuration

Protocol (DHCP) servers. Both IPv4 and

IPv6 are fully supported.

Active Directory

Windows Server 2012 has a number of

changes to Active Directory from the

version shipped with Windows Server 2008

R2. The Active Directory Domain Services

installation wizard has been replaced by a

new section in Server Manager, and a GUI

has been added to the Active Directory

Recycle Bin. Multiple password policies

can be set in the same domain. Active

Directory in Windows Server 2012 is now

aware of any changes resulting from

virtualization, and virtualized domain

controllers can be safely cloned. Upgrades

of the domain functional level to Windows

Server 2012 are simplified; it can be

performed entirely in Server Manager.

Active Directory Federation Services is no

longer required to be downloaded when

installed as a role, and claims which can be

used by the Active Directory Federation

Services have been introduced into the

Kerberos token. Windows Powershell

commands used by Active Directory

Administrative Center can be viewed in a

"Powershell History Viewer".

Hyper-V

Windows Server 2012, along with

Windows 8, includes a new version of

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Hyper-V, as presented at the Microsoft

BUILD event. Many new features have

been added to Hyper-V, including network

virtualization, multi-tenancy, storage

resource pools, cross-premise connectivity,

and cloud backup. Additionally, many of

the former restrictions on resource

consumption have been greatly lifted. Each

virtual machine in this version of Hyper-V

can access up to 64 virtual processors, up to

1 terabyte of memory, and up to 64

terabytes of virtual disk space per virtual

hard disk (using a new .vhdx format). Up to

1024 virtual machines can be active per

host, and up to 8000 can be active per

failover cluster. The version of Hyper-V

shipped with the client version of Windows

8 requires a processor that supports SLAT

and for SLAT to be turned on, while the

version in Windows Server 2012 only

requires it if the RemoteFX role is installed.

ReFS

ReFS (Resilient File System, codenamed

"Protogon") is a new file system in

Windows Server 2012 initially intended for

file servers that improves on NTFS in some

respects. Major new features of ReFS

include:

Improved reliability for on-disk structures

ReFS uses B+ trees for all on-disk

structures including metadata and file data.

The file size, total volume size, number of

files in a directory and number of

directories in a volume are limited by 64-

bit numbers, which translates to maximum

file size of 16 Exabytes, maximum volume

size of 1 Yottabyte (with 64 KB clusters),

which allows large scalability with no

practical limits on file and directory size

(hardware restrictions still apply). Metadata

and file data are organized into tables

similar to relational database. Free space is

counted by a hierarchal allocator which

includes three separate tables for large,

medium, and small chunks. File names and

file paths are each limited to a 32 KB

Unicode text string.

Built-in resilience

ReFS employs an allocation-on-write

update strategy for metadata, which

allocates new chunks for every update

transaction and uses large IO batches. All

ReFS metadata has built-in 64-bit

checksums which are stored independently.

The file data can have an optional

checksum in a separate "integrity stream",

in which case the file update strategy also

implements allocation-on-write; this is

controlled by a new "integrity" attribute

applicable to both files and directories. If

nevertheless file data or metadata becomes

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5

corrupt, the file can be deleted without

taking down the whole volume offline for

maintenance, then restored from the

backup. As a result of built-in resiliency,

administrators do not need to periodically

run error-checking tools such as CHKDSK

when using ReFS.

Compatibility with existing APIs and

technologies

ReFS does not require new system APIs

and most file system filters continue to

work with ReFS volumes. ReFS supports

many existing Windows and NTFS features

such as BitLocker encryption, Access

Control Lists, USN Journal, change

notifications, symbolic links, junction

points, mount points, reparse points,

volume snapshots, file IDs, and oplock.

ReFS seamlessly integrates with Storage

Spaces, a storage virtualization layer that

allows data mirroring and striping, as well

as sharing storage pools between machines.

ReFS resiliency features enhance the

mirroring feature provided by Storage

Spaces and can detect whether any

mirrored copies of files become corrupt

using background data scrubbing process,

which periodically reads all mirror copies

and verifies their checksums then replaces

bad copies with good ones.

Some NTFS features are not supported in

ReFS, including named streams, object IDs,

short names, file compression, file level

encryption (EFS), user data transactions,

hard links, extended attributes, and disk

quotas. Sparse files was not supported by

Preview, but it is supported by RTM. ReFS

does not itself offer data deduplication.

Dynamic disks with mirrored or striped

volumes are replaced with mirrored or

striped storage pools provided by Storage

Spaces. However, in Windows Server

2012, automated error-correction is only

supported on mirrored spaces, and booting

from ReFS is not supported either.

IIS 8.0

Windows Server 2012 includes version 8.0

of Internet Information Services (IIS). The

new version contains new features such as

CPU usage caps for particular websites,

centralized management of SSL

certificates, and improved support for

NUMA, but few other substantial changes

were made.

Scalability

Windows Server 2012 supports the

following maximum hardware

specifications. Windows Server 2012

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6

improves over its predecessor Windows

Server 2008 R2:

Specification

Windows

Server

2012

Windows

Server

2008 R2

Physical

processors 64 64

Logical

processors

when Hyper-V is

disabled

640 256

Logical

processors

when Hyper-V is

enabled

320 64

Memory 4 TB 2 TB

Failover cluster

nodes (in any

single cluster)

64 16

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

Minimum system requirements for

Windows Server 2012

Processor 1.4 GHz, x64

Memory 512 MB

Free disk

space

32 GB (more if there is 16

GB of RAM or more)

Windows Server 2012 runs only on

x64 processors. Unlike its predecessor,

Windows Server 2012 does not support

Itanium. Upgrades from Windows Server

2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2 are

supported, though upgrades from prior

releases are not.

By

K.VINODHINI

II – B.Sc(IT)

GIGABYTE G1.Sniper 3 Gaming

Motherboard

The G1.Sniper 3 is the newest

member of the GIGABYTE G1-Killer

series of gaming motherboards, which have

been designed from the ground up to

provide the winning edge in a close 3D

gaming contest. Precision is the watch

word in all areas of the motherboard's

design, with as much attention to detail

paid to the motherboards aesthetic qualities

as to its technical prowess.

Equipped with the latest Intel Z77

Express Chipset, the G1.Sniper 3

motherboard harnesses the outstanding

performance of the new 3rd generation

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7

Intel® Core™ processors. With an

exclusive 'All Digital' VRM design;

GIGABYTE 3D Power and GIGABYTE

3D BIOS (Dual UEFI), The G1.Sniper 3

motherboard ensures exceptional power

delivery and absolute control.

GIGABYTE All Digital Power Engine

GIGABYTEZ77 series

motherboards take advantage of an

exclusive All Digital PWM controller

array, to deliver power to the board's 3rd

generation Intel® Core™ processor. Using

entirely digital controllers means that more

precise power delivery to the motherboard's

most power hungry and energy sensitive

components is possible. These components

include the CPU, VTT, processor graphics

and memory, without doubt the most

important components on your

motherboard. This All Digital Power

system, with Precise Auto Voltage

Compensation, provides you with

exceptional control over the component

power delivery on your GIGABYTE 7

series motherboard.

GIGABYTE 3D Power: Digital

Voltage, Frequency and Phase Control.

Utilizing an exclusive All Digital controller

array, GIGABYTE's 3D Power features

precise Auto Voltage Compensation to

deliver a steady flow of power to the

system, no matter the loading. With digital

controllers for the CPU (Vcore), VTT,

processor graphics and memory (DDR),

users can make real-time adjustments with

the exclusive GIGABYTE 3D Power

Utility, that include settings such as OVP

(Over Voltage Protection), Load-line

Calibration and on-the-fly PWM frequency

adjustment.

GIGABYTE 3D Power (patent pending)

Utility

Users can enjoy a fully interactive

3D utility that facilitates adjustment of the

3 dimensions that control the power

delivery to your CPU and Memory:

Voltage, Phase and Frequency. These

parameters are crucial to how the digital

PWM supplies power to critical areas of the

motherboard and can help users quickly

obtain the highest, most stable overclock.

3D Power: Voltage Control

Voltage parameters can be modified

within 3D Power, including load line

calibration of the CPU. By adjusting load

line calibration, Vdroop can be avoided,

maintaining optimal voltages levels despite

increasing current levels. OVP (over

voltage protection) can also be adjusted to

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8

change default protection range of the

CPU, IGP, VTT and system memory.

3D Power: Phase Control

Users can calibrate OCP (Over

Current Protection) for the CPU, integrated

memory controller and system memory

power levels. This allows the Phase control

to deliver even more power to the system

when needed.

3D Power: Frequency Control

GIGABYTE's all digital PWM

allows for adjustable frequency control via

the International Rectifier PWM controller.

3D Power frequency control allows users to

change the PWM controller frequency so

that the CPU VRM can adjust power

delivery speeds more quickly. Users can

also adjust the PWM spectrum or

maximum and minimum overall

frequencies.

GIGABYTE 3D BIOS (patent pending)

The revolutionary GIGABYTE 3D

BIOS application is based on GIGABYTE

UEFI Dual BIOS technology and is

available to consumers in two exclusive

modes of interaction, providing enthusiast

and mainstream users with a choice of

unique and powerful graphical interfaces.

UEFI Dual BIOS Technology

At the heart of this exciting 3D

BIOS technology is a pair of physical BIOS

ROMs containing GIGABYTE's exclusive

in-house designed UEFI BIOS technology.

With a superior graphical interface capable

of 32-bit color imaging and fluid user-

friendly mouse navigation, UEFI

DualBIOS makes BIOS configuration a

new and exciting experience for novice and

experienced users alike. UEFI BIOS also

brings native support for large hard drives

on 64-bit operating systems.

3D Mode

Designed to provide an extremely

streamlined and user-friendly BIOS

environment, GIGABYTE's exclusive 3D

mode offers a fully interactive and

illustrative GUI that allows users to easily

and intuitively make key adjustments to the

UEFI BIOS settings for optimum

performance. 3D Mode allows novice or

casual users to more clearly understand the

areas of the motherboard that are being

affected through the BIOS settings, gaining

a clearer understanding of the BIOS

functionality.

Advanced Mode

Advanced mode provides a more

comprehensive UEFI BIOS environment

that is designed specifically for over

clockers and power users who want

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9

maximum control over their PC's hardware.

GIGABTYE's signature M.I.T. tuning

technology can be found alongside fully

configurable parameters for GIGABTE's all

new digital 3D Power engine. In short,

advanced mode combines the signature

GIGABYTE BIOS expertise you've come

to expect, wrapped a slick, new and

optimized graphical UEFI interface.

Super Sight

4-way CrossFireX and 4-way SLI Support

The ability to see clearly through

the fog of war can often tip the balance

between the winning or losing force. That

is why GIGABYTE has equipped the

G1.Sniper 3 motherboard to offer utmost

graphics flexibility and upgradeability.

With multiple GPU support, GIGABYTE

G1.Sniper 3 motherboard delivers

maximum FPS (Frames Per Second),

allowing gamers to see more clearly, aim

faster, and move more quickly.

Super Hearing

Onboard Creative Sound Core3D

quad-core audio processor. Revolutionary

Sound Core3D Audio and Voice chipset

accelerates THX Tru Studio Pro and

Crystal Voice processing effects,

drastically improving your gaming

experience with faster frame rates, more

immersive gaming audio, and crystal clear

voice communication.

Built-in Front Audio Headphone

Amplifier

Specially designed for gamers,

GIGABYTE G1.Sniper 3 utilize a high

capacity amplifier which is able to drive

150Ω loads, allowing gamers to enjoy a

fuller range of dynamic sound with crisper

details and less distortion when using high

quality professional headphones. The

amplifier also features wide band-width,

low noise, high slew rate and low

distortion, making it ideal for professional

audio usage. In addition, GIGABYTE has

equipped G1.Sniper 3 motherboard with 4

additional amplifiers onboard for the

center/sub woofer, rear speaker, side

surround and line out.

Nichicon High-end Audio Capacitors

GIGABYTE G1.Sniper 3

motherboard utilizes the highest quality

Nichicon MUSE ES series and MW series

Bi-Polarized audio capacitors at each

channel layout. These professional audio

capacitors deliver the highest quality sound

resolution and sound expansion to create

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10

the most realistic sound effects for

professional gamers.

Super Speed

Dual LAN with Onboard

Qualcomm Atheros Killer E2200 game

networking platform. GIGABYTE is the

only motherboard manufacturer to

implement both Intel gigabit Ethernet and

the Qualcomm Atheros E2200 game

networking platform directly onboard

G1.Sniper 3 motherboard, offering more

options for online gaming connectivity than

ever before.

GIGABYTE 333 Onboard Acceleration

GIGABYTE 7 series motherboards feature

GIGABYTE 333 Onboard Acceleration , a

range of the latest technologies that are

designed help speed up data transfer,

including SuperSpeed USB 3.0 technology,

SATA Revision 3.0 (6Gbps) technology

and an unprecedented 3x USB power boost

on all USB ports for more power hungry

USB devices.

Front Access Control Panel

Convenient Front Access Control

Panel for 2 USB 3.0 ports, provide ultra

fast and reliable data transfer performance .

Super Shield Locked and Loaded

Heatpipe Design

The GIGABYTE G1.Sniper 3

features a brand new heatpipe that was

designed to effectively spread the heat from

the critical areas of the motherboard such

as the CPU VRM zone and quickly

dissipating it, allowing GIGABYTE

G1.Sniper 3 motherboards remain cool,

even when the battle heats up.

5 Smart Fan Connectors

Further helping to eliminate heat are

the 5 strategically placed Smart Fan pin

headers which allow for more precise

control of system and CPU fans. Equipped

with their own individual thermal sensors,

the Smart Fans can be easily controlled via

GIGABYTE's EasyTune™ 6 utility as well

as in the BIOS.

3rd Generation Intel Core processors

New 3rd generation Intel Core

processors are based on the new 3rd

generation Intel Core processor

architecture, manufactured using the latest

22nm process to create a visually optimized

processor platform. Based on the mature

LGA 1155 socket, 3rd generation Intel

Core processors feature up to four high-

performance 64-bit processor cores and

8MB of L3 cache Smart Cache, and overall

performance when you need it most.

GIGABYTE 7 series motherboards

take advantage of the latest connectivity

and expansion bus technologies available

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11

on the Intel platform. The 3rd generation

Intel® Core™ processor platform debuts

the new PCI Express gen. 3.0 expansion

bus, allowing users to take advantage of the

next generation, high-bandwidth discrete

graphics card solutions.

* PCIE Gen.3 is dependent on CPU and

expansion card compatibility.

Intel Rapid Start Technology

Intel Rapid Start Technology gets

your device up and running faster from

even the deepest sleep. This means users

will be able to experience almost zero

power draw from their PC, but be able to

resume Windows 7 is a few seconds

without having the PC go through a full

system boot. With Intel Rapid Start

Technology the previous session resumes

to the exact as it was, so that applications

are still in the same state and no application

data is lost.

Intel Smart Connect Technology

Intel Smart Connect Technology

means that your email, favorite apps, and

social networks are continually and

automatically updated even when the

system is asleep. No more waiting for the

latest world news or friends' updates to be

delivered—just press the 'on' button and

you're up-to-date and ready to go.

Auto Sync with Cloud

No manual interaction required to

synchronize with cloud services.

Data Ready Email, social media, and

cloud apps always updated and available at

power on. Onboard OC Features

GIGABYTE Z77 motherboards add

special onboard features that assist DIY

builders and overclockers in getting the

absolute maximum control from their new

3rd generation Intel® Core™ processors.

Onboard Power and Reset buttons are

accompanied by a LED Debug Display that

puts users in the driving seat when

experimenting with different hardware

configurations. Over clockers will

appreciate having Onboard Voltage Read

Points, which have been added to allow for

accurate real-time voltage reading when

pushing your processor and memory to

absolute extremes. OC-PEG provides two

onboard SATA power connectors for more

stable PCIe power when using 3-way and

4-way graphics configurations. An

exclusive Onboard BIOS Switcher is also

included which allows users to easily

switch between the motherboard's Dual

UEFI BIOS ROMs. This makes it easier to

switch between overclocking and regular

BIOS settings and also to try a new BIOS

revision without losing your original

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12

settings. An Onboard Clear CMOS buttons

makes it easier than ever to reset your

BIOS to its factory defaults. GIGABYTE

Ultra Durable 4 – Insist on an Ultra

Durable Motherboard.

GIGABYTE Ultra Durable 4

motherboards embrace a range of exclusive

technologies that guarantee DIY PC

builders the absolute best protection for

their PC, with built-in features that prevent

common malfunction threats.

Lucid Universal MVP Support

GIGABYTE 7 series motherboards

support Lucid Virtu GPU virtualization

technologies - optimized virtualization

software that improves your PC's visuals,

with faster response times, improved video

processing and smoother media playback,

all within a low power environment. Lucid

Universal MVP also features

Hyperformance, which eliminates

redundant rendering tasks and predicts

potential synchronization issues in the

graphics delivery pipeline, producing faster

frame rates, sharper visuals and reduced

tearing.

Switchable Graphics

Allows users to dynamically switch

between built-in graphics and high-end, 3D

discrete graphics cards.

GIGABYTE EZ Smart Response

The GIGABYTE EZ Smart

Response utility is a simple application that

allows users to quickly and easily configure

their system for Intel® Smart Response

Technology. In the past, enabling Intel®

Smart Response meant users needed to

enter the BIOS in order to configure their

system for RAID mode, which then

required a complete reinstall of the

operating system. Once that processes was

complete, users then needed to install the

Intel® Rapid Storage Utility as well as

configure Intel's Smart Response

Technology. GIGABYTE EZ Smart

Response does all of this automatically,

without users having to perform a

complicated install process. This allows

them to quickly and effortlessly enjoy a

significant boost in system performance.

GIGABYTE EZ Setup

GIGABYTE EZ Setup is an

exclusive application that allows

GIGABYTE 7 series users to more easily

configure and setup three important Intel

Technologies on their new system; Intel®

Smart Response, Intel® Rapid Start and

Intel® Smart Connect. GIGABYTE EZ

Setup makes it far easier to enjoy these

technologies by greatly reducing the

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13

number of steps involved to install setup

and configure your system.

* EZ Setup utility is available for

download from the official GIGABYTE

website.

Onboard mSATA Support

GIGABYTE 7 series motherboards

feature an onboard mSATA slot allowing

users to easily take advantage of advanced

SSD-based technologies like Intel® Smart

Response and Intel® Rapid Start. Mounting

an affordable, low capacity mSATA SSD

directly onto your motherboard can

enhance your PC's performance with better

overall desktop responsiveness, faster boot

times and faster system resume from

'Suspend to Disk' and 'Standby' modes.

Download : Intel Smart Response SSD

Available Vender List

Exclusive Bluetooth 4.0/WiFi Expansion

Card

The motherboard also includes an

exclusive PCIe expansion card that offers

support for the latest Bluetooth 4.0 and

IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n Wi-Fi connectivity.

The Bluetooth 4.0 standard includes Smart

Ready technology that is debuting on

mobile devices including the Apple®

iPhone® 4s. This means that transferring

important content from your smart phone or

tablet is easier and faster than ever.

GIGABYTE On/Off Charge

GIGABYTE 7 series motherboards

feature ON/OFF Charge, a unique

GIGAYTE technology which allows you

not only to charge your iPhone, iPad or

iPod Touch, but also allows you to Quick

Charge it. As an added bonus, it can even

be charged when your PC is turned off, so

even if you forget to plug it into your

charger after you've synced up your music,

it will be fully charged when you need it.

* Due to certain mobile phone limitations,

users may need to connect the mobile

phone to their PC before the PC enters

S4/S5 mode to enable a quick charge from

non ON/OFF Charge USB ports. Charging

results may vary by model.

Enhanced Built-in Visuals

With updated and improved

processor graphics and multimedia, 3rd

generation Intel® Core™ processors offer

you the best possible media and

entertainment experience. Native support

for multiple digital displays, plus DirectX

11 capable graphics, Intel® Quick Sync

Video 2.0 and Intel® HD Graphics

4000/2500 ensure you can enjoy new levels

of 3D gaming and HD content

manipulation.

Faster media encoding performance

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14

Saves your valuable time when

create and edit video, synchronize it with

other devices, and share it–at home and on

the internet. Intel Quick Sync Video uses

hardware on the processor, instead of

software, to accelerate video encoding.

DirectX 11 Support Better Visual

Experience

Microsoft DirectX 11 provides eye-

popping 3D visuals found for today's latest

PC games and is designed to be more

efficient, leverage the power of today's

multi-core processors, and provide support

for sophisticated shading and texturing

techniques such as tessellation.

12 Phase Power Design

GIGABYTE's cutting edge 12

phase power VRM design utilizes the

highest caliber components to provide

unadulterated, smooth power to the CPU.

The innovative 12 phase power VRM has

been designed and engineered to deliver

fast transient response times through quick

and seamless power delivery during

extensive CPU loading variations. In

addition, heat from the VRM is effectively

reduced by spreading the load between the

12 power phases, resulting in a cooler,

more stable platform.

G1-Killer CPU-Z

G1-Killer CPU-Z is a specially

'Weaponized' GIGABYTE G1-Killer

version of the popular CPU-Z hardware

detection app, providing details about your

system's CPU, memory and mainboard

configurations, wrapped in a user interface

that is more suited to your killer instincts.

* The entire materials provided herein are

for reference only. GIGABYTE reserves

the right to modify or revise the content at

anytime without prior notice.

* Advertised performance is based on

maximum theoretical interface values from

respective Chipset vendors or organization

who defined the interface specification.

Actual performance may vary by system

configuration.

* Due to standard PC architecture, a

certain amount of memory is reserved for

system usage and therefore the actual

memory size is less than the stated amount.

By S.DINESH

III B.Sc(CT) iOS 6

iOS 6 was previewed on June 11,

2012 during WWDC 2012, with release

announced for Fall 2012. Following the

pattern of previous iOS releases, older

devices are no longer supported,

specifically the iPod touch (3rd

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15

generation) and the iPad (original).

Supported devices on this release include

the iPhone 3GS or later, the iPod touch

(4th generation) or later, the iPad 2 or

later, and iPad mini.On September 12,

2012 at San Francisco's Yerba Buena

Center for the Arts, among other items

unveiled, Apple announced three iOS

related items; the release of the next

generation of iPhone, called iPhone 5, the

newly redesigned iPod Touch (5th

generation), and the expected final release

of iOS 6.0. The September 19 release date

of iOS 6 was announced at this

event.While the iPhone 5 comes with iOS

6 starting September 21, other units will

require an over-the-air update or an install

through iTunes. An update to iTunes

version 10.7, which was released on

September 12, is necessary to install the

iOS 6 update on a device.Two notable

apps that iOS 6 removed are Google Maps

and YouTube. The built-in Maps app uses

Apple's new vector-based engine that

eliminates the lag present while

downloading bitmaps from Google's

servers, making for smoother zooming.

New to Maps is turn-by-turn navigation

spoken directions in certain countries, 3D

views in some major cities and real-time

traffic. Turn-by-turn navigation is only

available for iPhone 4S or later and iPad 2

or later with cellular capability, while 3D

views are only available for iPhone 4S or

later, iPod touch 5th generation, and iPad

2 or later.Another change includes the

inability to download Podcasts through

the regular iTunes application. Instead,

users are prompted to download the

official Podcasts App in order to

continue.iOS 6 brings the retrieval of

documents such as boarding passes,

admission tickets, coupons and loyalty

cards through its new Passbook app. An

iOS device with Passbook can be scanned

under a reader to process a mobile

payment at participating locations. The

app has context-aware features such as

notifications for relevant coupons when in

the immediate vicinity of a given

store.Apple’s Siri intelligent personal

assistant was improved to include the

ability to make restaurant reservations,

lauch apps, dictate Facebook or Twitter

updates, retrieve movie reviews and

detailed sports statistics. Siri, which

previously was only supported on iPhone

4S, is also now supported on iPhone 5,

iPod touch 5th generation, and iPad 3rd

generation, iPad (4th generation) and iPad

mini.Facebook comes integrated through

Apple’s native apps with iOS 6. Facebook

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16

features can be directly accessed from

within native apps such as Calendar

which can sync Facebook events, or use

Facebook’s like button from within the

Apple App Store.New privacy settings are

available to the user. In addition to

location services, the following have been

added in iOS 6: photos (already partially

restricted in iOS 5), contacts (address

book), calendars, reminders, bluetooth

sharing, Twitter, Facebook, and Sina

Weibo. iOS 6 also comes with a "Limit ad

tracking" user control in the general

settings menu to allow users the option to

prevent targeted advertising. Apple's

Advertising Identifier replaces the

company’s existing UDID standard.

Advertising networks not yet using

Apple's Advertising Identifier device

identifier standard would not be affected

although Apple will require the standard

in the future.

The release of iOS 6 is Apple’s

fastest beta-to-product development for its

mobile OS. OS 6 is the latest version of

iOS mobile operating system from Apple

Inc. It was preceded by iOS 5.iOS 6 was

previewed on June 11, 2012 during

WWDC 2012, with release announced for

Fall 2012.While the iPhone 5 comes with

iOS 6 pre-installed starting September 21,

older units will require an over-the-air

update or an install through iTunes. An

update to iTunes version 10.7, which was

released on September 12, is necessary to

install the iOS 6 update on a device.

Part of the iOS family

iOS 6 running on iPhone 4

Features:

� The built-in Maps app uses Apple’s

new vector-based engine that

eliminates lag, making for smoother

zooming. New to Maps is turn-by-

turn navigation spoken directions,

3D views in some major cities and

real-time traffic.

� iOS 6 brings the retrieval of

documents such as boarding passes,

admission tickets, coupons and

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17

loyalty cards through its new

Passbook app. An iOS device with

Passbook can be scanned under a

reader to process a mobile payment

at participating locations.

� Apple’s Siri intelligent personal

assistant was improved to include

the ability to make restaurant

reservations, launch apps, dictate

Facebook or Twitter updates,

retrieve movie reviews and detailed

sports statistics.

� Siri, which previously was only

supported on iPhone 4S, is also now

supported on iPhone 5, iPod touch

5th generation, and iPad 3rd

generation.

� Facebook comes integrated through

Apple’s native apps with iOS 6.

Facebook features can be directly

accessed from within native apps

such as Calendar which can sync

Facebook events, or use Facebook’s

like button from within the Apple

App Store.

� Apple’s Siri intelligent personal

assistant was improved to include

the ability to make restaurant

reservations, launch apps, dictate

Facebook or Twitter updates,

retrieve movie reviews and detailed

sports statistics.

� Advertising networks not yet using

Apple’s Advertising Identifier

device identifier standard would not

be affected although Apple will

require the standard in the future

By

E.GUNABAL

III – B.Sc(CT)

MIDORI

Midori is the code name for a

managed code operating system being

developed by Microsoft Research. It has

been reported to be a possible commercial

implementation of the Singularity

operating system, a research project

started in 2003 to build a highly-

dependable operating system in which the

kernel, device drivers, and applications

are all written in managed code. It was

designed for concurrency, and can run a

program spread across multiple nodes at

once. It also features an entirely new

security model that sandboxes

applications for increased security.

Microsoft has mapped out several

possible migration paths from Windows

to Midori. In a possible connection with

Microsoft's Oslo composite application

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18

initiative, the programming model will

rely on metadata, with the goal of

allowing the system to more reliably

manage applications. There is also a

possibility that Midori is Internet-based.

Midor is a lightweight and fast web

browser. It uses the WebKit rendering

engine and the GTK+ 2 or GTK+ 3

interface. Midori is part of the Xfce

desktop environment's Goodies

component. It is the default browser in

Elementary OS, the SliTaz Linux

distribution and the Bodhi Linux

distribution as well as Trisquel Mini, and

SystemRescueCD. It was also used by

wattOS in its R5 release, although the OS

dropped it ahead of its R6 release in

favour of R4's web browser Chromium.

WINDOWS is a name that has ruled

the whole computer world since its first

launch in November 1985. Since then it is

like a trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

With many advanced versions of Windows

available today such as Windows XP,

Windows Vista, it is the most used

operating system in the world. In 2010,

Microsoft is going to launch WINDOWS

2007, but now here is time to experience a

yet another technology of operating

systems.Yes, MICROSOFT is working on

a new generation of operating systems

called Cloud-Based Operating System and

rumors are there that MIDORI will be their

first such operating system, which will

replace Windows fully from computer map.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WINDOWS

AND MIDORI:

MIDORI is an offshoot of Microsoft

Research's Singularity operating system. In

this the tools and libraries are completely

managed code. MIDORI is designed to run

directly on native hardware (x86, x64 and

ARM), will be hosted on the Windows

Hyper-V hypervisor, or even be hosted by a

Windowsprocess.MIDORI can be also seen

as MICROSOFT'S answer those

competitors who are applying

"Virtualization" as a mean to solving issues

within contemporary computing.The main

idea behind MIDORI is to develop a

lightweight portable OS which can be

mated easily to lots of various applications.

IMPORTANCE OF MIDORI:

For knowing the importance of

MIDORI you have to think about, how an

operating system is loaded on a computer.

Actually operating system is loaded onto a

hard disk physically located on that

machine. In this way, the operating system

is tied very tightly to that hardware. As

Windows is dependent on hardware, it

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19

might face opposition from contemporary

ways of working because people are

extremely mobile in using different devices

in order get diverse information.

Due to this trend installing different

applications on a single computer may led

to different compatibility issues whenever

the machine require updating. The new

operating system will solve these problems

by the concept of Virtualizing. This will

solve problems such as widespread security

vulnerabilities, unexpected interactions

among different applications, failures

caused by errant extensions, plug-ins, and

drivers. The importance of this project for

MICROSOFT can be understood by the

fact that company choose Eric Rudder ,

former head of Microsoft's server and tools

business and a key member of Chairman

Bill Gates' faction of the company, to

handle it.

WHEN WILL IT BE LAUNCHED:

Just Wait and See. Microsoft has not

declared any such date about launching of

MIDORI, but there are rumors that this

project is in incubation phase.

By

G.SINDHUJA

III-B.Sc(IT)

BODHI LINUX

Bodhi Linux is a lightweight

Linux distribution based on Ubuntu, that

uses the Enlightenment window manager.

The philosophy for the distribution is to

provide a minimal base system so that

users can populate it with the software

they want. Thus, by default it only

includes software that is essential to most

Linux users, including file browsers

(EFM), a web browser (Midori) and a

terminal emulator (Terminology). It does

not include software or features that its

developers deem unnecessary. To make

populating systems with software easy,

Bodhi Linux developers maintain an

online database of lightweight software

that can be installed in one click via

apturl.

System requirements include 128 MB

RAM, 1.5 GB hard disk space, and a

300 MHz processor. By using

Enlightenment DR17, Bodhi provides rich

desktop effects and animations that do not

require high end computer hardware. An

independent test showed that GIMP

started up in 4.7 seconds on Bodhi Linux

and 11.1 seconds on Ubuntu. The

Enlightenment window manager, as well

as the tools developed specifically for

Bodhi Linux, were written in the C

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programming language. The R_Pi Bodhi

Linux build is built directly on top of

Raspbian and incorporates all of the

changes and improvements to produce

optimized ″hard float″ code for the

Raspberry Pi (armhf or ARM HF).

Technically, R_Pi Bodhi Linux is built

with compilation settings adjusted to

produce optimized ″hard float″ code for

the Raspberry Pi (armhf or ARM HF). The

hard float application binary interface of

the ARM11, a 32-bit RISC

microprocessor ARM architecture which

ARMv6 architectural additions, provides

enormous performance gains for many

use cases. However, this has required

significant effort to port elements of

Debian Wheezy to ARMv6 CPU, as

official builds require ARMv7. This

should significantly enhance performance

for applications that make heavy use of

floating point arithmetic operations, as

previous less efficient "soft float" settings,

that is, native ARMv6 architecture

floating point arithmetic operations

simulated by software.

Bodhi Linux is an Ubuntu-based

distribution for the desktop featuring the

elegant and lightweight Enlightenment

window manager. The project, which

integrates and pre-configures the very latest

builds of Enlightenment directly from the

project's development repository, offers

modularity, high level of customisation,

and choice of themes. The default Bodhi

system is light -- the only pre-installed

applications are Midori, LXTerminal, EFM

(Enlightenment File Manager), Leafpad

and Synaptic -- but more software is

available via AppCenter, a web-based

software installation tool.

No problem creating the bootable

media and starting. Now, before you reach

the desktop, Bodhi lets you choose your

theme and desktop wallpaper. You have

theme profiles named like Laptop, Tablet,

Desktop, Bare, etc, all of which rearrange

the desktop elements ever so slightly. Not

bad, but the prevalent color is dark gray,

both for the themes and the wallpapers, so

if you want something lighter, you will

have to wait. The first profile I chose was

the so-called Laptop & Netbook, and it

comes with a top panel.

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While taste is subjective, there's no

denying the fact Enlightenment 17 has

been in development for almost a decade,

and it feels somewhat ancient. Looking at

my openGEU review from back in 2008,

things looks pretty much the same. True,

Enlightenment flies even on desktops with

no OpenGL with reasonable performance

and even a dash of 2D tricks, but on most

systems, the layout will feel old. The

choice of fonts remains tricky. They looks

somewhat weird and remain too small, no

matter what size you choose. Then, the

icons are busy and non-uniform, and this

does not align with the minimalist

approach. Which makes me think. How

does one define minimalist really? By

removing a handful of programs, which

are nothing more than static data on the

disk? By reducing the memory footprint

by removing unneeded services? That

Bodhi does, to an extreme, and we will

discuss that soon. By recompiling the

kernel and removing unneeded

functionality? No, not this one. By

blacklisting all of the drivers for hardware

not present on the box? No, not that one

either? Would you define Apple's OSX as

minimalist? Well, I surely would. Perhaps

it's all in the presentation layer, and in this

regard, E17 brings clutter.

Now, if you look at the desktop of the

week competition on the official site, you

will find some exemplary, well-polished

setups, which combine grace and

simplicity. For example, the WW52 2012

candidate is quite splendid. But what it

does is the classic design trick; take two

tones of the same color and play with

them, with neutral elements where flair is

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22

not needed. If you ask me, that's how

ought to be.

Tweaking the desktop looks is very tricky.

It takes a hell of a lot of options and

clicks. Enlightenment has a decentralized

management, with a separate menu for

each one of the categories, making you

despair even before you begin. You even

get a separate category for dropping

shadows! It's almost like using GIMP, but

for your desktop.

While I can breeze through a typical

Gnome or KDE desktop at ease, here, I

stood and watched in soft confusion. But

then, we will discuss Enlightenment 17

separately, in another article.

Where is my network?

And now, problems started. First, there

was no icon for configuring network.

Since I was testing Bodhi on a laptop,

Wireless was crucial for me. There's the

network configuration tool available in

the menu, but you need to manually input

your SSID, ESSID, MAC and all other

little details. And then, fire up the DHCP

client from command line. At this point, I

almost gave up, because I did the same

thing with Trisquel and ROSA. I thought

this was a one-time problem, so I

rebooted.

Now, to answer a comment posted on

Slashdot last week, in response to my

most gentle Fedora 18 review, where

someone mentioned that I come from the

Windows world and do not understand

that reboots do not help in Linux - yes

they do. If there's a race condition or a

bug in software somewhere, then it is

quite possible that a reboot might resolve

the issue. But let us not diverge into the

realm of who has a bigger e-penis, we are

reviewing Bodhi here, and almost giving

up.

The second time around, I chose the

Desktop profile, and the session looked a

bit different, but it did nothing to resolve

my networking woes. Using nm-tool from

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the command-line, I got all the necessary

information I needed, and eventually got

underway by manually configuring the

Wireless networking. In one word, this is

crap. If someone wants to be a hero

playing with something as trivial as

network, they can use dedicated anti-noob

distributions like Arch, Gentoo or alike.

This kind of trick on Ubuntu is almost a

paradox.

Samba sharing

What you get is the so-called Book of

One Thousand Excuses, where you read

the very extensive online support manual,

explaining how to get things done.

Y'know, all those things normal people

take for granted, and get for granted in a

range of other distributions. Help files are

basically a failure in design.

There's more at hand here. For example,

you only get 32-bit support, or at least

that's what it says, even though I was

running the 64-bit version on my test box.

There is no margin or padding for the text

near the little thumbnail image on the

Web page, so it looks somewhat ugly.

You get four different font colors and the

clashing red/green combo. There are at

least three different font types I could

spot. The Wireless icon had a white

background that does not align well. The

battery icon was gone. Even the distro

menu icon was different. It had a kind of a

green leaf in the Laptop profile, and now

it just reads Bodhi inside a white circle.

Installation

Much like the first time, I did not

think there was a reason to proceed and

install Bodhi. Even the mouse cursor was

sluggish and annoying, and my eyes were

starting to hurt from the blurry effect of

over-tiny fonts. But I did it. Another

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inconsistency, you get a different style for

the installer. It's something GTK, not

Enlightenment.

By

E.ANANDHI

III – B.Sc(CT)

5G TECHNOLOGY

What is 5G Technology

5G Technology stands for 5th

Generation Mobile technology. 5G mobile

technology has changed the means to use

cell phones within very high bandwidth.

User never experienced ever before such a

high value technology. Nowadays mobile

users have much awareness of the cell

phone (mobile) technology. The 5G

technologies include all type of advanced

features which makes 5G mobile

technology most powerful and in huge

demand in near future.

The gigantic array of innovative

technology being built into new cell

phones is stunning. 5G technology which

is on hand held phone offering more

power and features than at least 1000

lunar modules. A user can also hook their

5G technology cell phone with their

Laptop to get broadband internet access.

5G technology including camera, MP3

recording, video player, large phone

memory, dialing speed, audio player and

much more you never imagine. For

children rocking fun Bluetooth

technology and Piconets has become in

market.

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What 5G Technology offers

5G technology going to be a new mobile

revolution in mobile market. Through 5G

technology now you can use worldwide

cellular phones and this technology also

strike the china mobile market and a user

being proficient to get access to Germany

phone as a local phone. With the coming

out of cell phone alike to PDA now your

whole office in your finger tips or in your

phone. 5G technology has extraordinary

data capabilities and has ability to tie

together unrestricted call volumes and

infinite data broadcast within latest

mobile operating system. 5G technology

has a bright future because it can handle

best technologies and offer priceless

handset to their customers. May be in

coming days 5G technology takes over

the world market. 5G Technologies have

an extraordinary capability to support

Software and Consultancy. The Router

and switch technology used in 5G

network providing high connectivity. The

5G technology distributes internet access

to nodes within the building and can be

deployed with union of wired or wireless

network connections. The current trend of

5G technology has a glowing future.

Features of 5G Technology

• 5G technology offer high resolution

for crazy cell phone user and bi-

directional large bandwidth shaping.

• The advanced billing interfaces of

5G technology makes it more

attractive and effective.

• 5G technology also providing

subscriber supervision tools for fast

action.

• The high quality services of 5G

technology based on Policy to avoid

error.

• 5G technology is providing large

broadcasting of data in Gigabit

which supporting almost 65,000

connections.

• 5G technology offer transporter

class gateway with unparalleled

consistency.

• The traffic statistics by 5G

technology makes it more accurate.

• Through remote management

offered by 5G technology a user can

get better and fast solution.

• The remote diagnostics also a great

feature of 5G technology.

• The 5G technology is providing up

to 25 Mbps connectivity speed.

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• The 5G technology also support

virtual private network.

• The new 5G technology will take all

delivery service out of business

prospect

• The uploading and downloading

speed of 5G technology touching

the peak.

• The 5G technology network

offering enhanced and available

connectivity just about the world

A new revolution of 5G technology is

about to begin because 5G technology

going to give tough completion to normal

computer and laptops whose marketplace

value will be effected. There are lots of

improvements from 1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G

to 5G in the world of telecommunications.

The new coming 5G technology is

available in the market in affordable rates,

high peak future and much reliability than

its preceding technologies.

5G Network

What is 5G Network

5G network is assumed as the

perfection level of wireless

communication in mobile technology.

Cable network is now become the

memory of past. Mobiles are not only a

communication tool but also serve many

other purposes. All the previous wireless

technologies are entertaining the ease of

telephone and data sharing but 5G is

bringing a new touch and making the life

real mobile life. The new 5G network is

expected to improve the services and

applications offered by it.

5G network is very fast and reliable.

The concept of handheld devices is going

to be revolutionized with the advent of 5G.

Now all the services and applications are

going to be accessed by single IP as

telephony, gaming and many other

multimedia applications. As it is not a new

thing or gadget in market and there are

millions of thousands users all over the

world who have experienced the wireless

services and till now they are addicted to

this wireless technology. It is not easy for

them to shrink from using this new 5G

network technology. There is only need to

make it accessible so that a common man

can easily afford the economic packs

offered by the companies so that 5G

network could hold the authentic place.

There is need to win the customer trust to

build fair long term relation to make a

reliable position in the telecommunication

field. To compete with the preceding

wireless technologies in the market 5G

network has to offer something reliable

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27

something more innovative. All the features

like telephony, camera, mp3 player, are

coming in new mobile phone models. 4G is

providing all these utility in mobile phone.

By seeing the features of 4G one can gets a

rough idea about what could be a 5g

Network offer. There is messenger, photo

gallery, and multimedia applications that

are also going to be the part of 5G. There

would be no difference between a PC and a

mobile phone rather both would act vice

versa

5G Network Features

A first remarkable feature of 5G

network is the broadband internet in

mobile phones that would be possible to

provide internet facility in the computer

by just connecting the mobile.

Handheld Computer:

Now computers and mobiles are not

separate things. A smallest mobile is

equal to a handheld computer. The way it

facilitates the user with games, cameras,

video n music recorder / player is really

remarkable.

Data sharing in 5G network is very easy.

It omits the condition of putting both

mobile face to face so that data could be

shared. But 5G Bluetooth technology

removes this condition and data could be

transferred if it is shared in the range of

50m.

It is not far away when we see the global

mobiles all over the world. A user can

move everywhere in the world by holding

just 5G mobile network. All the roaming

would be exempt from the tariff plans.

The rates of the call would not be

different area to area.

By

P.PRAKASH

III B.Sc(CT)

ANDROID 4.0

Android 4.0 (Ice Cream

Sandwich) is the latest version of the

Android platform for phones, tablets, and

more. It builds on the things people love

most about Android easy multitasking,

rich notifications.Customizable home

screens, resizable widgets, and deep

interactivity and adds powerful new ways

of communicating and sharing.

SIMPLE, BEAUTIFUL, USEFUL

Refined, evolved UI

Focused on bringing the power of

Android to the surface, Android 4.0

makes common actions more visible and

lets you navigate with simple, intuitive

gestures. Refined animations and

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feedback throughout the system make

interactions engaging and interesting. An

entirely new typeface optimized for high-

resolution screens improves readability

and brings a polished, modern feel to the

user interface.

Virtual buttons in the System Bar

let you navigate instantly to Back, Home,

and Recent Apps. The System Bar and

virtual buttons are present across all apps,

but can be dimmed by applications for

full-screen viewing. You can access each

application's contextual options in the

Action Bar, displayed at the top (and

sometimes also at the bottom) of the

screen.

Multitasking is a key strength of

Android and it's made even easier and

more visual on Android 4.0. The Recent

Apps button lets you jump instantly from

one task to another using the list in the

System Bar. The list pops up to show thumbnail

images of apps used recently tapping a thumbnail

switches to the app.

The Recent Apps list makes multitasking simple.

Jump to the camera or see notifications without

unlocking.

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For incoming calls, you can respond

instantly by text.

Rich and interactive notifications

let you keep in constant touch with

incoming messages, play music tracks,

see real-time updates from apps, and

much more. On smaller-screen devices,

notifications appear at the top of the

screen, while on larger-screen devices

they appear in the System Bar.

Home screen folders and favorites tray

New home screen folders offer a new way

for you to group your apps and shortcuts

logically, just by dragging one onto

another. Also, in All Apps launcher, you

can now simply drag an app to get

information about it or immediately

uninstall it, or disable a pre-installed app.

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The All Apps launcher (left) and resizable

widgets (right) give you apps and rich

content from the home screen.

On smaller-screen devices, the

home screen now includes a customizable

favorites tray visible from all home

screens. You can drag apps, shortcuts,

folders, and other priority items in or out

of the favorites tray for instant access

from any home screen.

Resizable widgets

Home screens in Android 4.0 are designed

to be content-rich and customizable. You

can do much more than add shortcuts you

can embed live application content

directly through interactive widgets.

Widgets let you check email, flip through

a calendar, play music, check social

streams, and more right from the home

screen, without having to launch apps.

Widgets are resizable, so you can expand

them to show more content or shrink them

to save space.

New lock screen actions

The lock screens now let you do

more without unlocking. From the slide

lock screen, you can jump directly to the

camera for a picture or pull down the

notifications window to check for

messages. When listening to music, you

can even manage music tracks and see

album art.

Quick responses for incoming calls

When an incoming call arrives,

you can now quickly respond by text

message, without needing to pick up the

call or unlock the device. On the

incoming call screen, you simply slide a

control to see a list of text responses and

then tap to send and end the call. You can

add your own responses and manage the

list from the Settings app.

Swipe to dismiss notifications, tasks, and

browser tabs

Android 4.0 makes managing

notifications, recent apps, and browser

tabs even easier. You can now dismiss

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individual notifications, apps from the

Recent Apps list, and browser tabs with a

simple swipe of a finger.

A spell-checker lets you find errors and fix them faster.

A powerful voice input engine lets you dictate continuously.

Improved text input and spell-checking

The soft keyboard in Android 4.0

makes text input even faster and more

accurate. Error correction and word

suggestion are improved through a new

set of default dictionaries and more

accurate heuristics for handling cases such

as double-typed characters, skipped

letters, and omitted spaces. Word

suggestion is also improved and the

suggestion strip is simplified to show only

three words at a time.

To fix misspelled words more

easily, Android 4.0 adds a spell-checker

that locates and underlines errors and

suggests replacement words. With one

tap, you can choose from multiple

spelling suggestions, delete a word, or add

it to the dictionary. You can even tap to

see replacement suggestions for words

that are spelled correctly. For specialized

features or additional languages, you can

now download and install third-party

dictionaries, spell-checkers, and other text

services.

Powerful voice input engine

Android 4.0 introduces a powerful

new voice input engine that offers a

continuous "open microphone" experience

and streaming voice recognition. The new

voice input engine lets you dictate the text

you want, for as long as you want, using

the language you want. You can speak

continously for a prolonged time, even

pausing for intervals if needed, and dictate

punctuation to create correct sentences.

As the voice input engine enters text, it

underlines possible dictation errors in

gray. After dictating, you can tap the

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underlined words to quickly replace them

from a list of suggestions.

Data usage controls let you monitor total

usage by network type and application and

then set limits if needed.

Control over network data

Mobile devices can make

extensive use of network data for

streaming content, synchronizing data,

downloading apps, and more. To meet the

needs of you with tiered or metered data

plans, Android 4.0 adds new controls for

managing network data usage.

In the Settings app, colorful charts

show the total data usage on each network

type (mobile or Wi-Fi), as well as amount

of data used by each running application.

Based on your data plan, you can

optionally set warning levels or hard

limits on data usage or disable mobile

data altogether. You can also manage the

background data used by individual

applications as needed.

Designed for accessibility

A variety of new features greatly

enhance the accessibility of Android 4.0

for blind or visually impaired users. Most

important is a new explore-by-touch mode

that lets you navigate without having to

see the screen. Touching the screen once

triggers audible feedback that identifies

the UI component below; a second touch

in the same component activates it with a

full touch event. The new mode is

especially important to support users on

new devices that use virtual buttons in the

System Bar, rather than dedicated

hardware buttons or trackballs. Also,

standard apps are updated to offer an

improved accessibility experience. The

Browser supports a script-based screen

reader for reading favorite web content

and navigating sites. For improved

readability, you can also increase the

default font size used across the system.

The accessibility experience

begins at first setup a simple touch

gesture during setup (clockwise square

from upper left) activates all accessibility

features and loads a setup tutorial. Once

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accessibility features are active,

everything visible on the screen can be

spoken aloud by the standard screen

reader.

Contacts and profiles are integrated

across apps and social networks, for a

consistent, personal experience everywhere

from incoming calls to emails.

Communication and sharing

People and profiles

Throughout the system, your

social groups, profiles, and contacts are

linked together and integrated for easy

accessibility. At the center is a new

People app that offers richer profile

information, including a large profile

picture, phone numbers, addresses and

accounts, status updates, events, and a

new button for connecting on integrated

social networks.

Your contact information is stored

in a new "Me" profile, allowing easier

sharing with apps and people. All of your

integrated contacts are displayed in an

easy to manage list, including controls

over which contacts are shown from any

integrated account or social network.

Wherever you navigate across the system,

tapping a profile photo displays Quick

Contacts, with large profile pictures,

shortcuts to phone numbers, text

messaging, and more.

Unified calendar, visual voicemail

To help organize appointments

and events, an updated Calendar app

brings together personal, work, school,

and social agendas. With user permission,

other applications can contribute events to

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the calendar and manage reminders, for an

integrated view across multiple calendar

providers. The app is redesigned to let

you manage events more easily. Calendars

are color-coded and you can swipe left or

right to change dates and pinch to zoom in

or out agendas.

In the phone app, a new visual

voicemail features integrates incoming

messages, voice transcriptions, and audio

files from one or more providers. Third-

party applications can integrate with the

Phone app to add your own voice

messages, transcriptions, and more to the

visual voicemail inbox.

Capture the picture you want, edit, and

share instantly.

Rich and versatile camera capabilities

The Camera app includes many

new features that let you capture special

moments with great photos and videos.

After capturing images, you can edit and

share them easily with friends. When

taking pictures, continuous focus, zero

shutter lag exposure, and decreased shot-

to-shot speed help capture clear, precise

images. Stabilized image zoom lets you

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compose photos and video in the way you

want, including while video is recording.

For new flexibility and convenience while

shooting video, you can now take

snapshots at full video resolution just by

tapping the screen as video continues to

record. To make it easier to take great

pictures of people, built-in face detection

locates faces in the frame and

automatically sets focus. For more

control, you can tap to focus anywhere in

the preview image. For capturing larger

scenes, the Camera introduces a single-

motion panorama mode. In this mode, you

start an exposure and then slowly turn the

Camera to encompass as wide a

perspective as needed. The Camera

assembles the full range of continuous

imagery into a single panoramic photo.

After taking a picture or video, you can

quickly share it by email, text message,

bluetooth, social networks, and more, just

by tapping the thumbnail in the camera

controls.

A Photo Gallery widget on the home

screen.

Redesigned Gallery app with photo

editor

The Gallery app now makes it

easier to manage, show, and share photos

and videos. For managing collections, a

redesigned album layout shows many

more albums and offers larger thumbnails.

There are many ways to sort albums,

including by time, location, people, and

tags. To help pictures look their best, the

Gallery now includes a powerful photo

editor. You can crop and rotate pictures,

set levels, remove red eyes, add effects,

and much more. After retouching, you can

select one or multiple pictures or videos to

share instantly over email, text messaging,

bluetooth, social networks, or other apps.

An improved Picture Gallery widget lets

you look at pictures directly on the home

screen. The widget can display pictures

from a selected album, shuffle pictures

from all albums, or show a single image.

After adding the widget to the home

screen, you can flick through the photo

stacks to locate the image you want, then

tap to load it in Gallery.

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Live Effects let you change backgrounds

and use Silly Faces during video.

Live Effects for transforming video

Live Effects is a collection of

graphical transformations that add interest

and fun to videos captured in the Camera

app. For example, you can change the

background behind them to any stock or

custom image, for just the right setting

when shooting video. Also available for

video is Silly Faces, a set of morphing

effects that use state-of-the-art face

recognition and GPU filters to transform

facial features. For example, you can use

effects such as small eyes, big mouth, big

nose, face squeeze, and more. Outside of

the Camera app, Live Effects is available

during video chat in the Google Talk app.

Snapping a screenshot.

Sharing with screenshots

You can now share what's on your

screens more easily by taking screenshots.

Hardware buttons let them snap a

screenshot and store it locally. Afterward,

you can view, edit, and share the screen

shot in Gallery or a similar app.

Cloud-connected experience

Android has always been cloud-

connected, letting you browse the web

and sync photos, apps, games, email, and

contacts — wherever you are and across

all of your devices. Android 4.0 adds new

browsing and email capabilities to let you

take even more with them and keep

communication organized.

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The Browser tabs menu (left) lets you

quickly switch browser tabs. The options

menu (right) gives you new ways to

manage your browsing experience.

Benchmark comparisons of Android

Browser.

Powerful web browsing

The Android Browser offers an

experience that’s as rich and convenient

as a desktop browser. It lets you instantly

sync and manage Google Chrome

bookmarks from all of your accounts,

jump to your favorite content faster, and

even save it for reading later in case

there's no network available.

To get the most out of web content, you

can now request full desktop versions of

web sites, rather than their mobile

versions. You can set your preference for

web sites separately for each browser tab.

For longer content, you can save a copy

for offline reading. To find and open

saved pages, you can browse a visual list

that’s included with browser bookmarks

and history. For better readability and

accessibility, you can increase the

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browser’s zoom levels and override the

system default text sizes.

Across all types of content, the Android

Browser offers dramatically improved

page rendering performance through

updated versions of the WebKit core and

the V8 Crankshaft compilation engine for

JavaScript. In benchmarks run on a Nexus

S device, the Android 4.0 browser showed

an improvement of nearly 220% over the

Android 2.3 browser in the V8

Benchmark Suite and more than 35% in

the SunSpider 9.1 JavaScript Benchmark.

When run on a Galaxy Nexus device, the

Android 4.0 browser showed

improvement of nearly 550% in the V8

benchmark and nearly 70% in the

SunSpider benchmark.

By

P.SATHIYA

III – B.Sc(IT)

MACBOOK PRO

The MacBook is a brand of

Macintosh notebook computers

manufactured by Apple Inc. from early

2006 to late 2011. It replaced the iBook

series and 12-inch PowerBook series of

notebooks as a part of the Apple–Intel

transition from PowerPC. Positioned as the

low end of the MacBook family, the Apple

MacBook was aimed at the consumer and

education markets. It was the best-selling

Macintosh in history, and according to the

sales-research organization NPD Group in

October 2008, the mid-range model of the

MacBook was the single best-selling laptop

of any brand in US retail stores for the

preceding five months.

There have been three separate

designs of the MacBook: the original model

used a combination of polycarbonate and

fiberglass casing that was modeled after the

iBook G4. The second type, introduced in

October 2008 alongside the 15-inch

MacBook Pro, used a similar unibody

aluminum casing to the 15-inch Pro, and

was updated and rebranded as the 13-inch

MacBook Pro at the 2009 Apple

Worldwide Developers Conference in June

2009. A third design, introduced in October

2009, used a unibody polycarbonate shell

as aluminum is now reserved for the

higher-end MacBook Pro. On July 20,

2011, the MacBook was quietly

discontinued for consumer purchase in

favor of the new MacBook Air.[6] Apple

continued to sell the MacBook to

educational institutions until February

2012. The MacBook has effectively been

superseded by the MacBook Air.

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Contents

The MacBook Pro is a line of

Macintosh portable computers introduced

in January 2006 by Apple Inc., and now in

its third generation. Replacing the

PowerBook G4, the MacBook Pro was the

second model, after the iMac, to be

announced in the Apple–Intel transition. It

is also the high-end model of the MacBook

family and is currently produced with 13-

and 15-inch screens, although a 17-inch

version has been offered previously.

The first generation MacBook Pro

appeared externally similar to the

Po