2013 04 gothenburg final
TRANSCRIPT
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
Design education through toy design.Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design
Marco Ginoulhiac
phd professor FAUP
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
Two narratives:
1 - conceptual narrative
2 - historical narrative
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
the toy is a particular part of the material culture, considered as an artifact that represents therelationship between artifacts and social behaviors, where the representative function stays
both before and at the base of its practical function (Brougre & Wajskop, 2008).
For a toy the main symbolic value is the function ... as happens in art
Toy as meaning
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
Middle-class children are given an
enormous number of toys (tool sets, mini-kitchens, baseballs, dolls) because they
are models of things that invoke in play
the behaviors or skills required in later
life (Stephen Kline. 1993, p. 15).
Bloomingdale catalog 1957
Toys as transmission tool
() toys always mean something, and
this something is always entirely
socialized, constituted by the myths or the
techniques of modern adult life: the Army,
Broadcasting, the Post Office, Medicine
(miniature instrument-cases, operating
theaters for dolls), School, Hair-Styling(driers for permanent-waving), the Air
Force (Parachutists), Transport (trains,
Citroens, Vedettes, Vespas, petrol-
stations), Science (Martian toys).
(Barthes, 1957)
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
Toys as disciplinary reproducing devices
Indeed almost each disciplinary field has its own
representation in toys production, creation or
consumption.
Even Architecture
The Constructioneer Metal Building
Set No. 4, 1947
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
During 1830s Frebel developed the kindergarten for the Play and Activity Institute he hadfounded in 1837 at Bad Blankenburg for young children.
He also designed the educational play materials known as Froebel Gifts, orFrbelgaben,
which included geometric building blocks and pattern activity blocks.
Toys as educational devices: F. Frebel (1782 1852)
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
This celebrated childrens educationalist, founder of the
kindergarten, is increasingly accepted by modern art
historians as one of the key figures behind the advent of
avant-garde art. (Bordes, 2010)
Friedrich Frebel (1782 1852)
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
Some correspondances between architecture and toys
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
19 century: architecture as the face of progress
1902 Flatiron building, NY
1890 Wainwright
Building St. Louis
Louis Sullivan
1882 Anker
steinbaukasten
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
19 century: architecture as the face of progress
1889 "Exposition Universelle, Paris
1851 Great
Exhibition of the
Works of Industry of
all Nations, London
1901 Meccano
1915 Erector set
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
An example between education and marketing: toys as a large new market
In 1923 Andr Citron said Je veux que tous
les enfants de France et de Navarre aient
comme premiers mots : Papa, Maman et
Citron
Citroen was the first car producer with a toy
cars catalogue.
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
The Bauhaus experience (1919-1933)
Alma Siedhoff-Buscher, 1923
Preliminary Bauhaus
Course, 1928
Puppets for the
Oskar Schlemmer
Stage Workshop
1923
I suggested that we should make toys for the
next few weeks. So I struck a powerful blowto the old academic tradition of the nude and
drawing from nature... I am leading all
creative activity back to its roots, to play -
Johanes Itten, Bauhaus teacher and Froebel
Kindergarten graduate
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
The dutch experience
Gerrit Thomas Rietveld, 1923 and 1952 Ko Verzuu, 1920s
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
New technologies and languages the glass and the color
Dandanah, Bruno Taut, 1919
Falkenberg Garden
City, 1913-1916Glass Dome, 1914
Alle bauen mit, 1910s
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
The growing city
1920 - Josef Hoffman
1950 Payer Modellbau
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
Modern houses and dollhouses
Tri-ang ultra modern dollhouse, 1930s
Htel Martel (Mallet-Stevens), 1927
Weienhof Stuttgart Exhibit, 1927
FAO Schwarz,1940 Dollhouse
furniture, 1930s
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
More than a house, a nation...
John Lloyd Wright, 1916
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
Industrial architecture
Latislav Sutnar, 1940s
Volkswagen Factory, 1938
Boots Packed Wet
Goods Factory,
Nottinghamshire, UK
1930Fabrik am hafen, 1930s
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
Magnetic architecture
Arthur Carrara, Magnet Master, 1947
Caf Borranical,
Melbourne, 1943
Magnet building
set, 1930s
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
Kite architecture
Charles & Ray Eames, 1950s
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
The precast plastic building
Baukasten, 1960
Betta Bilda, 1960
Girder and Panel, 1960
Marcel Breuer, 1960s
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
The precast plastic building
Super City 1967
Alison and Peter Smithson,1972
Ern Goldfinger in 1963
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
Triangular system
Eames 1951
Fred Bassetti 1960
Bruno Munari 1961
Louis Kahn, 1958
Triqo
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
Geodesic architecture
Ramagon, 1985
Dome Kit, 1975
Chuck Hoberman (Hoberman Associate arch.)
Buckminster Fuller, 1979
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
The 1970 and the computer
1971, computer space
1971, pong
The computer game prepares a new generation based on the representation and far from the object
and the construction processes. Computer was a undiscussed device... for everything.
1977, Atari 2600
1981, IBM and Autocad
19 0 (2 )
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
1970s: toys in trouble (2 examples).
During the 70s several toy companies had financial problems
By the early 1960s Meccano Ltd was bought out by Lines Bros Ltd
(Tri-ang). In 1970 Lines Brothers changed the company name to
Meccano-Tri-ang.
In 1971 the Lines Brothers Tri-ang group went into voluntary
liquidation and Meccano-Tri-ang was sold to Airfix industries in1972. At the same time, General Mills, a United States toy
manufacturer, purchased the majority of shares of Meccano France
S.A., renaming the French company Miro-Meccano.
Th t t t hit t d " f t " hi t t
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
The restart: stararchitects and "wow-factor" architecture
Bilbao museum, 1997Centre Georges Pompidou, 1977
Habitat 67, 1967 Louvre, 1989
R t d ti th ti
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
Recent production: new aesthetic
Zenblock
Boulderblocks
Koolhaas, 2001
Balancing blocks
Recent production: new aesthetics
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
Recent production: new aesthetics
Geemo
Oliblock
Peter Cook, 2003
Recent production: looking again at Architecture
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
Recent production: looking again at Architecture
Lego Architecture
2011, Barbie architect
FUJI
Some final senteces
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Design education through toy design. Old and new paradigms in architectural toys design - Marco Ginoulhiac FAUP
Some final senteces
More information: architoys.blogspot.com
It does exist an architectural education (that is not teaching
architecture)
This education need some specific actions (narratives) and
devices.
Toys are an important part of these artifacts because they can
mean an intellectual and artistic configuration (composition rules,
materials, ideological framework, etc)
But connection between architecture ant toys is changing alsobecause architecture is changing.