2012 aif d2s6b ppt supporting adoption of new tools, techniques and innovations for improved...

8/2/2019 2012 AIF D2S6b PPT Supporting Adoption of New Tools, Techniques and Innovations for Improved Agricultural Water Management by Hans Woldring

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Supporting Adoption of New Tools,

Techniques and Innovations for

Improved Water Management

Hans WoldringNatural Resources and Agriculture Specialist

Asian Development Bank



Improved water management and water

productivity (WP)

Zwart, Sander J., 2009. Benchmarking Water Productivity in

Agriculture and The Scope for Improvement: Remote Sensing

Modeling From Field to Global Scale, table 2-2, Ch.2, p.12



What WP measures are we interested in?

• crop yield per megalitre (ML) ?

• $ per ML ?• calories per ML ?

• a $ formula that considers energy and

agricultural output?



Improved water management and water

productivity doesn’t just happen!

Water policy and its implementation

Land tenure

Farmer profitability

Water reliability

Safety nets from risks

Business environment

Finance



What are some of the opportunities?

(public sector)

Develop and implement policies which

incentivize improved water management and

water productivity – Land and water tenure, water reliability,

environmental flows, water allocation, water

markets, conjunctive use issues.

Irrigation system modernization

Farmer risk and profitability

Farmer exit strategies



What are some of the opportunities?

(more private sector)

FMIS through

corporate entities

Irrigation schedulingand AWD

Laser leveling

Drip or overhead

irrigation

Improved agronomy



Land Levelness is Important

Rice, Cambodia. For every 10mm in surface variation,there was a loss 260 kg of grain.

Rickman, J.F., 2002. Manual for laser land leveling, Rice-Wheat Consortium Technical

Bulletin Series 5. New Delhi-110 012, India: Rice-Wheat Consortium for the Indo-GangeticPlains. pp.24.



Situation in India



Situation in India (cont.)

Applied water savings of between 15 and 30%

Yield advantage of between 5 and 25% depending on crop,

higher for potatoes and vegetables

Efficiency of applied nutrients increased by 10-15%

Additional land area of 3 -6%

Operational efficiency of equipment improved 8-10%

Overall profitability improved by 8,000 to 10,000

Rs/ha/annum

Development of contract service providers over 200,000 ha

now leveled



Central Asia - Uzbekistan

Laser leveling in Fergana 95-98 and Tashkent 01-04

CNH Model Farm

Average soil moved to bring to grade was 450 m3/ha in

Fergana and 741m3/ha close to Tashkent.

With laser leveling, irrigation run length was increased from

300 m to between 750 and 1050m;

Before leveling – 2 ha/hour; after leveling – 4+ ha/ha -

allowed wheat to be watered and double cropping.

Yield response just due to laser leveling 25 – 40%, but with

the improved management…. see next slide



Central Asia – Uz continued (CNH)

Main crops Year Average yield Increase in yield

(tonnes/ha) relative to 2001

Cotton 2001 1.70 100

2002 1.79 105

2003 2.36 139

2004 3.12 184

2005 3.65 215

Autumn Wheat 2001 3.05 100

2002 4.22 1382003 4.09 134

2004 5.24 172

2005 6.00 197

Cotton yield is raw cotton (tonnes/ha).



IRRIGATION (CNH)

After Laser Leveling without Leveling



More uniform germination and growth of crops cotton

Uzbekistan (Distance Irrigation 745m (CNH))



How can ADB add value?

Policy and regulatory development,

capacity building

Irrigation modernization

Directed finance

Lease finance

Stimulus programs

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