Air Pollution

http://www.chrismadden.co.uk/eco/air-pollution-illustration.jpg http://www.metrolic.com/how-to-reduce-air-pollution-123801/

By Kosara SpasovaDenitsa ManovaGeorgi Dobrev

Nox (NO, NO2)

Sources:TransportationBurning biomass and fossil fuelsBurning fuels when the “nitrogen in air is heated above 1370°C”

Effects:On people:

○ Cough, chest pain, difficulty with breathing○ Respiratory infections

On the environment○ Acid precipitation○ Global warming○ Photochemical smog○ Eutrophication

http://www.sbg.ac.at/ipk/avstudio/pierofun/mexico/air-scan/nox.jpg

SOx

Sources: Industries Fuel combustion (mostly of vehicles that emit carbon) Petroleum refineries Erosion Transported by wind

Effects: On environment:

When reacts with water- acid rain

On people: Reduces visibility When inhaled damages the trachea and lungs

http://www.groundworkprovidence.org/themetair/Images/SO2.png

Ground Level Ozone Ozone(O3) – gas composed of 3 oxygen atoms bonded

together Protects from UV radiation but dangerous to breath Sources:

Motor vehicles exhaustIndustrial emissionsGasoline vaporsChemical solventsNatural sourcesNitrogen oxides under the influence of ultraviolet in sunlight

Effects:Smog Irritated eyes, persistent headaches, and increased hyper-reactivityAggravates Asthma Irritates respiratory systemAffects growth of plants

Particulate Matter Components of “acids (such as nitrates and sulfates),

organic chemicals, metals, and soil or dust particles” Types:

PM10---up to 10 micrometers in diameter PM2.5--- up to 2.5 micrometers in diameter

http://www.epa.gov/ord/ca/quick-finder/particulate-matter.htm

Particulate Matter Sources:

Burning of fossil fuels and wood Effects:

On people: ○ Reduce visibility○ Causes respiratory problems○ Irregular heartbeat○ Nonfatal heart attacks

On environment: ○ Changing nutrient levels in water bodies○ Reduces environment diversity

Culturally:○ Damage stones and buildings

Bulgaria Air quality - one of the worst in the

European Union

http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_NwDMVt2LHwM/TNd9zGqNlEI/AAAAAAAAACM/V2biDD2QD9I/s1600/pollution.jpg

http://maps.grida.no/library/files/bulgaria_topographic_map_001.jpg

Sources Large number of old vehicles without catalytic converters Lack of restrictions on second-hand cars

Central heating and gas heating (cities), coal-fired heating(smaller towns and villages)

Metallurgic and other fabrics and plants

http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=89367

BulgariaEffects: - Pernik - Bulgaria's most polluted town, 92 microgrammes per cubic metre dust compared to 30 in the rest of the EU- Respiratory problems-Heart diseases-Reduced environment diversity

http://topnews.in/health/files/heart-attacks_0.jpg

Solutions Has been done:

Commercials, social programs Jobs, activities

Is being done: Use of solar and wind energy

Should be done: Temporary closing of boulevards Closing factories/power plants

Mexico City Location:

Above 2240 meters low atmospheric oxygen levels

Surrounded by mountains – air is trapped

http://kids.yahoo.com/directory/Around-the-World/Countries/Mexico/Maps

Sources: Overpopulated

– 21 million people who use:

Transportation Services Industry

http://www.sbg.ac.at/ipk/avstudio/pierofun/mexico/air-scan/df-emis.jpg

Mexico CityEffects:- Extremely unhealthy/hazardous conditions especially for children

Solutions:- Informing people about dangers- Training programs, games and participatory activities- Decrease of transportation- Introducing the issue of sustainable consumption - Promoting the use of energy saving appliances

How to reduce air pollution?

AutomobilesAlternatives – bicycles, public transportCleaner fuels

Factories/PowerplantsSmokestack filters/scrubbsRelocation of factories, and other such facilities

outside of populated areas Introduction to solar panels Buy food from local producer Recycle

Works Cited: "Air Pollution Causes." Health and Energy. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2010.

     <http://healthandenergy.com/air_pollution_causes.htm>. "Air Pollution in Mexico City." SBG. N.p., 16 Apr. 2002. Web. 16 Dec. 2010.

     <http://www.sbg.ac.at/ipk/avstudio/pierofun/mexico/air.htm>. "Bulgarian air most polluted in Europe." EU Business. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec.

     2010. <http://www.eubusiness.com/news-eu/1236337323.03/>. "Effects of Air Pollutants - Health Effects ." US EPA. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec.

     2010. <http://epa.gov/apti/course422/ap7a.html>. "How can I help reduce air pollution?" EEA. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2010.

     <http://www.eea.europa.eu/maps/ozone/whatcanIdo/avoid-ozone-pollution>. "How to Reduce Air Pollution Problems." eHow. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2010.

     <http://www.ehow.com/how_5351333_reduce-air-pollution-problems.html>. "Ways to Reduce Air Pollution." US EPA. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2010.

     <http://www.epa.gov/air/peg/reduce.html>.