2010 pakistan floods report-by aamir hussain

8/8/2019 2010 Pakistan Floods Report-By Aamir Hussain

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2010 Pakistan floods

Prepared By Aamir Hussain

2010 Pakistan floods

Duration: Current, started on 26 July 2010

Damages: $43 Billion [1] (estimated)

Fatalities: 2,000+[2]

Areas affected:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab,Sindh, Balochistan and GilgitBaltistan

The 2010 Pakistan floods began in July 2010 following heavy monsoon rains in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sindh, Punjab and Balochistan regions of Pakistan. Present estimates indicate thatover two thousand people [2] have died and over a million homes have been destroyed since theflooding began.[3] The United Nations estimates that more than 21 million[4] people are injured or homeless[5][6] as a result of the flooding,[5][6] exceeding the combined total of individuals affected

by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, the 2005 Kashmir earthquake and the 2010 Haiti earthquake.However, the death count in each of those three disasters was significantly higher than thenumber of people killed so far in the floods.[6] At one point, approximately one-fifth of Pakistan'stotal land area was underwater due to the flooding.[7][8][9]

UN Secretary-general Ban Ki-Moon has asked for an initial $460 million for emergency relief,noting that the flood was the worst disaster he had ever seen. 50% of the relief funds requestedhas been received as of 15 August 2010.[10] The U.N. is concerned that aid is not arriving fast



enough, while the World Health Organization reported that ten million people were forced todrink unsafe water.[11] The Pakistani economy has been harmed by extensive damage toinfrastructure and crops.

[12]Structural damages are estimated to exceed 4 billion USD, and wheat

crop damages are estimated to be over 500 million USD.[13] Officials estimate the total economicimpact to be as much as 43 billion USD.[14][15]

Contents

[hide]

y 1 Causesy 2 Flooding and Impact

o 2.1 Floodso 2.2 Heavy rainfalls recorded during the wet spell of July 2010o 2.3 Aftermath

y 3 Potential long term effectso 3.1 Foodo 3.2 Infrastructureo 3.3 Taliban insurgency

y 4 Relief effortso 4.1 Response by national governmentso 4.2 Response by non-governmental organizations

4.2.1 DEC member charities 4.2.2 Other charities 4.2.3 Other organisations

o 4.3 Response by individualso 4.4 Response by Islamic militant organizationso 4.5 Response by corporations

y 5 Criticism of responseo 5.1 Neglect of minoritieso 5.2 Diversions of floodwaterso 5.3 Allegations of Indian conspiracyo 5.4 Inequality

y 6 See alsoy 7 Referencesy 8 External links

Causes

Current flooding is blamed on unprecedented monsoon rain.[16] The rainfall anomaly map published by NASA shows unusually intense monsoon rains attributed to La Niña.[17] On 21June, the Pakistan Meteorological Department cautioned that urban and flash flooding couldoccur from July to September in the north parts of the country.[18] The same department recordedabove-average rainfall in the months of July and Aug 2010,[19] and monitored the flood wave



progression .[20] Some of the discharge levels recorded are comparable to those seen during thefloods of 1988, 1995, and 1997 .[21]

An article in the N ew Scientist [22] attributed the cause of the exceptional rainfall to "freezing" of

the jet stream, a phenomenon that reportedly also caused an unprecedented heat wave and

wildfires in Russia as well as the 2007 United Kingdom floods.

[23]

Flooding and Impact

Floods

Satellite images of the upper Indus River valley comparing water-levels on 1 August 2009 (top)and 31 July 2010 (bottom)

The floods were caused by monsoon rains, which were forecast to continue into early August andwere described as the worst in this area in the last 80 years. [24] The Pakistan MeteorologicalDepartment said that over 200 mm (7.88 inches) of rain fell over a 24-hour period over a number of places of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab and more was expected.[25] A record breaking274 mm (10.7 inches) rain fell in Peshawar during 24 hours,

[26]previously 187 mm (7.36 inches)

of rain was recorded in April 2009.[27] So far 500,000 or more people have been displaced fromtheir homes.[24] On 30 July, Manuel Bessler, head of the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, stated that 36 districts were involved, and 950,000 people were



affected,[28] although within a day, reports increased that number to as high as a million,[29] and by mid-August to nearly 20 million affected.[30] The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provincial minister of information, Mian Iftikhar Hussain, said "the infrastructure of this province was alreadydestroyed by terrorism. Whatever was left was finished off by these floods."[31] He also called thefloods "the worst calamity in our history."[32] Four million Pakistanis were left with food

shortages.

[33]

Officials have warned that the death-toll could rise, as many towns and villages are notaccessible, and communications have been disrupted. In some areas, the water level was 5.5 m(18 ft) high and residents were seen on roof-tops waiting for aid to arrive.[32] At least 1,588 people have been injured, 222,600 houses and 4,600 villages have been damaged or destroyed.[34] The Karakoram Highway, which connects Pakistan with China, was closed after a bridge was destroyed.[35] The ongoing devastating floods in Pakistan will have a severe impacton an already vulnerable population, says the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC).In addition to all the other damages the floods have caused, floodwaters have destroyed much of the health care infrastructure in the worst-affected areas, leaving inhabitants especially

vulnerable to water-borne disease.

[36]

In Sindh, the Indus River burst its banks near Sukkur on 8August, submerging the village of Mor Khan Jatoi.[33] There is also an absence of law and order,mainly in Sindh. Looters have been taking advantage of the floods by ransacking abandonedhomes using boats.[37]

Affected areas as of August 26, 2010

In early August, the heaviest flooding moved southward along the Indus River from severely-affected northern regions toward western Punjab, where at least 1,400,000 acres (570,000 ha) of cropland was destroyed,

[33]and the southern province of Sindh.

[38]The crops affected were

cotton, sugarcane, rice, pulses, tobacco and animal fodder. Floodwaters and rain destroyed



700,000 acres (3,000 km2) of cotton, 200,000 acres (800 km2) acres each of rice and cane,500,000 tonnes of wheat and 300,000 acres (1,000 km2) of animal fodder.[39][40] According to thePakistan Cotton Ginners Association, the floods destroyed 2 million bales of cotton, which led toan increase in futures of the commodity in international market.[41][42] 170,000 citizens (or 70%of the population) of the historic Sindh town of Thatta fled advancing flood waters on August the

27th.

[43]

Pakistani authorities have predicted that fresh rainfall is expected to trigger two further waves of flooding, inundating more land and swallowing yet more villages. One of these new flood surgeswas currently sweeping down from mountainous areas in the north as of August 11, and wasexpected to hit highly populated areas in the coming days, while the second wave was beingformed in the mountains.[44]

As of August 29, 2010, in camps in Pakistan's Punjab province, people were still waiting for aiddistribution. Since late July, the Pakistan flood has resulted in at least 16 deaths, and about 2,000 people have been directly affected. Chinese international rescuers arrived in Pakistan on August

27 to provide humanitarian aid.

Heavy rainfalls recorded during the wet spell of July 2010

Heavy rainfalls of more than 200 millimetres (7.9 in) recorded during the four day wet spell of July 27 to July 30, 2010 in the provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Punjab based on datafrom the Pakistan Meteorological Department.[26]

City Rainfall (mm) Rainfall (in) Province Notes

Risalpur *415 16.3 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

[26]

Islamabad 394 15.5 Islamabad Capital Territory [26]

Murree 373 14.6 Punjab [26]

Cherat *372 14.6 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa [26]

Garhi Dopatta 346 13.6 Azad Kashmir [26]

Saidu Sharif *338 13.3 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa [26]

Peshawar *333 13.1 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa [26]

Kamra 308 12.1 Punjab [26]

Rawalakot 297 11.7 Azad Kashmir [26]

Muzaffarabad 292 11.5 Azad Kashmir [26]

Lahore 288 11.3 Punjab [26]

Mianwali *271 10.6 Punjab [26]

Jhelum 269 10.6 Punjab[26]

Lower Dir 263 10.3 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa [26]

Kohat *262 10.3 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa [26]

Balakot 256 10.0 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa [26]

Sialkot 255 10.0 Punjab [26]



Pattan 242 9.5 Azad Kashmir [26]

DIR 231 9.10 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa [26]

Gujranwala 222 8.7 Punjab [26]

Dera Ismail Khan 220 8.6 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa [26]

Rawalpindi 219 8.6 Punjab

[26]

* Indicates new record.

Aftermath

The power infrastructure of Pakistan also took a severe blow from the floods, which damaged10,000 transmission lines and transformers, feeders and power houses in different flood-hitareas. Flood water inundated Jinnah Hydro power and 150 power houses in Gilgit. The damagecaused a power shortfall of 3.135 gigawatts.[45]

Aid agencies have warned that outbreaks of diseases, such as: gastroenteritis, diarrhea, and skindiseases due to lack of clean drinking water and sanitation can pose a serious new risk to floodvictims.[46][47] On 14 August, the first documented case of cholera emerged in the town of Mingora, striking fear into millions of stranded flood victims, who are already suffering fromgastroenteritis and diarrhea.[48][49][50] It has been reported by the International Red Cross that alarge number of unexploded ordinance, such as mines and artillery shells, have been flusheddown stream by the floods from areas in Kashmir and Waziristan and scattered in low lyingareas, posing a future risk to returning inhabitants.[51] The United Nations estimated that 800,000 people have been cut off by floods in Pakistan and are only reachable by air. It also stated that atleast 40 more helicopters are needed to ferry lifesaving aid to increasingly desperate people.Many of those cut off are in the mountainous northwest, where roads and bridges have been

swept away.[52]

By order of President Asif Ali Zardari, there were no official celebrations of Pakistan's 63rdIndependence Day on 14 August, due to the calamity the country faces.[53]

Potential long term effects

Food

Floods have submerged 17 million acres of Pakistan's most fertile crop land, have killed 200,000herd of livestock and have washed away massive amounts of grain. A major concern is thatfarmers will be unable to meet the fall deadline for planting new seeds in 2010, which implies amassive loss of food production in 2011, and potential long term food shortages.[54] Theagricultural damages are more than 2.9 billion dollars, according to recent estimates, and includeover 700,000 acres of lost cotton crops, 200,000 acres of sugar cane and 200,000 acres of rice, inaddition to the loss of over 500,000 tonnes of stocked wheat, 300,000 acres of animal fodder andthe stored grain losses.[55][56]



Agricultural crops such as cotton, rice, and sugarcane and to some extent mangoes were badlyaffected in Punjab, according to a Harvest Tradings-Pakistan spokesman. He called for theinternational community to fully participate in the rehabilitation process, as well as for therevival of agricultural crops in order to get better GDP growth in the future.

In affected Multan Division in South Punjab, some people were seen to be engaging in profit-taking in this disaster, raising their prices up to Rs 130/kg. Some have called for Zarai TaraqiatiBank Limited to write off all agricultural loans in the affected areas in Punjab, Sindh and Khyber Pukhtunkhwa especially for small farmers.

[57]

Infrastructure

Floods have damaged an estimated 2,433 miles of highway and 3,508 miles of railway. Costestimates for highway damages are approximately 158 million USD, and railway damages are131 million USD. Any unique or particularly large infrastructure damages will increase theseestimates.[13] Public building damages are estimated at 1 billion USD.[13]

Taliban insurgency

The flood will divert Pakistani military forces from fighting the Pakistani Taliban insurgents(TTP) in the Northwest because they will be needed to help in the relief effort. [58] It is feared thatthis will allow Taliban fighters to regroup.

[59]On the other hand, some are suggesting that by

helping flood victims, the US has an opportunity to improve its image.[60]

The Pakistani Taliban have also engaged in relief efforts and are making inroads where thegovernment is absent or seen as corrupt.[61] As the flood may have dislodged many propertymarkers, it is feared that governmental delay and corruption will give an advantage to the

Taliban to settle these disputes swiftly.[61]

A Taliban spokesperson asked the Pakistanigovernment to reject Western help from "Christians and Jews" and claimed that the Talibancould raise $20 million to replace that aid.[61][62]

According to an US official the TTP had issued a threat saying that it will launch attacks againstforeigners participating in flood relief operations.[63] In response, the United Nations said it wasreviewing security arrangements for its workers. The World Health Organization stated thatwork in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province was already suffering because of the security concernsthere.[64] However, an unverified Taliban spokesperson based in Orakzai told The ExpressT ribune: ³We have not issued any such threat; and we don¶t have any plans to attack relief workers."[65] Reportedly three American Christians were killed by the Taliban on August 25 in

the Swat Valley.[66]



Relief efforts

A bridge damaged by the flooding

Pakistan has appealed to international donors for help in responding to the disaster.[67]

Twenty-one helicopters and 150 boats were pressed into service to assist the affected people according tothe National Disaster Management Authority of Pakistan.[68] The US embassy in Pakistan provided seven helicopters to the authorities to assist in relief-operations.[69] The United Nationsalso launched relief efforts.[28] It appealed for $460 million to provide immediate help, includingfood, shelter and clean water. UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon visited Pakistan on 15 Augustto oversee and discuss the relief efforts.[46][47] A Pakistani army spokesman said that troops had been deployed in all affected areas and had rescued thousands of people.[31] Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gillani visited the province and directed the Pakistan Navy to help evacuate theflood-victims.[70] By early August, more than 352,291 people have been rescued.[34]

According to the Reliefweb Financial Tracking service, total donations worldwide for humanitarian assistance so far come to $687 million, with a further $324 million promised inuncommitted pledges, as of August 27, 2010.[71]

By the end of August the Secretary-General Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu of the Organization of theIslamic Conference (OIC) stated that Muslim countries, organizations and individuals had pledged close to $1 billion to assist in Pakistan¶s flood emergency.

[72]This statement is placed in

doubt by findings from the U.N. Financial Tracking Service that indicate that only 3 of 56 OIC¶smember states - Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Kuwait - had pledged more than single digitmillions.[72] Pakistan¶s Prime Minister Yusuf Raza Gilani stated that by the end of August SaudiArabia's support exceeded that of the US, yet both UN data and data from Pakistan's Disaster

Management Authority fail to support this claim.[72]

Sun Charity USA is one of the private relief outfits active in Pakistan.[73]



Response by national governments

y Afghanistan finance minister Omar Zakhilwal handed a cheque worth $1 million toPakistani ambassador Mohammad Sadiq at the end of a press conference in Afghancapital Kabul.[74]

y Australia announced a A$35 million aid-package,[75] as well as committing two C17Globemaster aircraft to deliver emergency supplies and to assist relief efforts [76] anddeploying a medical task force consisting of up to 180 personnel and more than 33 tonnesof equipment.[77]

y Austria donated 5.6 million euros to Pakistan.[78]

y Azerbaijan gave US$2 million financial assistance to help the victims and eliminatethe aftermath of the disaster.[79] The Azerbaijani embassy in Pakistan said the Azerbaijani president, Ilham Aliyev ordered to send two Il-76 planes with a humanitarian assistance

on board to Pakistan. One of the planes delivered 40 tonnes of humanitarian cargo toPakistan.[80] Also the staff of Azerbaijan embassy in Pakistan also transferred its two-days¶ salary worth around $2,000 to relief fund.[81]

y Bahrain donated $2.6 million to Pakistan.[82]

y Bangladesh has pledged $2 million for relief and will also dispatch a medical teamalong with material assistance including tents, blankets, water purification tablets,mineral waters, life saving drugs and vaccines, oral saline, hygiene kit, biscuits and packed dry food.[83]

y Belarus donated blankets, tents, canned meat, water, and medicines, all worth around$200,000.[84]

y Belgium donated 150,000 Euro for the victims.[85]

y Brazil donated US$ 0.7 million through World Food Programme or life-savingassistance to the affected.

[86]

y Canada announced that it would donate $2 million worth of emergency aid. $750,000are expected to be donated to the ICRC for distribution of shelter-materials and water,sanitation and health-services, while the remainder goes to the WFP to provide much-

needed food-assistance. On 14 August the Canadian government announced an additional$32 million Dollar in aid.[87][88]

The Canadian government announced on August 22 thatit will match, dollar-for-dollar, citizen donations made to registered charities betweenAugust 2 and September 12.[89]

y China has so far provided 120 million yuan (17.5 million USD) worth of humanitarian supplies to Pakistan in three batches. "As Pakistan's neighbor and all-weather friend, China empathizes with Pakistan on the heavy casualties and property loss



caused by the natural disasters," said Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Jiang Yu.[90] Itinitially announced that it would provide emergency aid worth 10 million yuan (approx.US$ 1.48 million) to help the flood-victims.

[91]The People's Liberation Army donated

another 10 million yuan to Pakistan.[92] The Chinese Red Cross has also given US$50,000 in cash to Pakistan.[92] The Chinese ambassador to Pakistan traveled to Khyber

Pakhtunkhwa and expressed his condolences to those affected by the tragedy.

[93][94]

On 13August, China announced another emergency humanitarian aid worth 50 million yuan(US$7.35 million) bringing the total official Chinese relief aid then to more than 70million yuan(approx. US$ 10.3 million) to the flood-affected Pakistani people.[95] AChinese search and rescue team arrived in the southern Pakistani city of Thatta, SindhProvince, where heavy floods swept away hundreds of villages. The Chinese rescue team,consisting of more than 60 members, set up tents and field hospitals to provide medicalservices to flood victims. The Red Cross Society of China and some of China's localgovernments, including Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and Sichuan Province, had alsooffered cash and material assistance to Pakistan.

y The Czech military have sent 24 flights with humanitarian aid.

[96]

y Denmark has donated 63 million DKK (11M USD) in relief efforts and another 130million DKK (22M USD) in further development aid.[97][98]

y Egypt donated medicine, medical supplies and foodstuffs.[99]

y Estonia donated 64,000 euros.[100]

y The European Union released ¼10 million to help Pakistan's flood victims on 11August, as part of emergency aid to flood-stricken country.[101] By 18 August, the EU had

committed to spending ¼70 million (90 million dollars) on aid for victims of thefloods.[102]

y Finland government donated ¼1.2 million for humanitarian assistance to the floodvictims. ¼600,000 were channeled through the World Health Organization, ¼400,000through the UNHCR and ¼200,000 through Finn Church Aid.[103][104]

y France donated 1.05 million euros and 35 tonnes of emergency supplies, tarpaulins,tanks, blankets, jerry cans, kitchen sets, water purification tablets, 200 shelters and anti-cholera medicines.[105]

y Germany initially committed ¼1 million for the victims, which was further increasedto ¼2 million on 6 August.[106] On 12 August, Germany announced a $13 million aid

package.[107] On 13 August Germany increased its aid commitment by ¼10 million to now ¼25 million in direct help plus ¼43 million via contributions through internationalorganizations with which it is associated. In addition there have been private donations tocharities in the scale of ¼24 million up to 18 August.

y Greece donated ¼100,000.[108]



y Hong Kong has donated HK$ 3 million to World Vision for a relief project for floodvictims in Pakistan.[109]

y Iceland contributed ISK 23 million (US $190,000) to emergency aid in areasimpacted by the monsoon floods in Pakistan.[110]

y Indonesia The Government of Indonesia dispatched a cargo flight carryinghumanitarian assistance of US$1milliion for the flood victims. The relief assistancewhich arrived at the Chaklala Air base by a charted cargo flight consisted of 15 tons of emergency supplies included 4.5 tons of ready to eat meals¶ packets, 3 tons of medicines,5 tons of powdered milk for children, 4000 blankets and 4000 Sarongs.On behalf of theGovernment of the Republic of Indonesia the donation of the relief goods was handedover by the Ambassador of the Republic of Indonesia H.E. Mr. Ishak Latuconsina to theState Minister for Information and Broadcasting Mr. Sumsam Ali Shah Bukhari at theChaklala Air base on August 7, 2010.

y An initial ¼200,000 was donated by the government of Ireland.

[111]

An additional ¼550,000 was added on 9 August 2010.[111]

Then the total was ¼960,000.[112]

The Irishmedia were critical of the country's government for providing less than half the aid itdonated to Haiti after the earthquake there.[113] ¼1.19 million was added on 19 August, bringing the total at that stage to ¼2 million, the total given to the Haiti disaster.[113][114] Minister for Overseas Development Peter Power, TD, said at the time that more aidwould be forthcoming from Ireland and that the country had provided a "proportionallygreater" amount than "most other European countries".[113][115] The Irish public had provided an additional sum of more than ¼2.5 million by 20 August.

[116]

y India initially offered US$5 million for provision of relief material for the victims of

the floods. After much delay the government of Pakistan accepted the aid on 20th Aug2010.[117] On 1 September 2010, India raised the aid amount to US$25 million.[118] Further aid as required can be arranged, with a National Disaster Management Force in place, India finds it easier to respond for channelizing aid.[119][120] Also, there are nearly400 Indian doctors, who are still waiting for the Pakistan government's nod for visas tohelp flood victims.[121] India has also already supplied the first consignment of 25 truck-loads of Indian potato to Pakistan.[122]

y Iran had committed over 400 tonnes of relief goods; out of which 330 tonnes[123] hadalready been delivered by the Iranian transport aircrafts as of 24 August 2010. Thesegoods included tents, floorings, clothes, canned food, bread and medical supplies. Iranian

red crescent society has also been on the ground along with Pakistan Red CrescentSociety as a part of its ongoing relief operation inside Pakistan to more than 100,000flood vicitms. In addition to the Iranian government help Ayatollah Lotfollah SafiGolpaygani has announced that one third of collected Khums will be donated to Pakistanfor humanitarian assistance.

[124][125][126][127][128][129]Iran's chamber of commerce also

donated US $1 million to the flood affectees.[130] Iran has also offered to setup fieldhospitals and community centers for flood victims in Pakistan.[131] In response to UN'sappeal for help at New York, Iran committed US $10 million towards the flood relief. In



addition to this fund, Imam Khomeini Relief Committee was directed to collect privatedonations from Iranians and donate it to Pakistani government. Iranian interior minister also visited Pakistan as the head of a humanitarian mission assessing the needs of Pakistani people in order to facilitate the distribution of Iranian aid to Pakistan. Duringthe visit the Pakistani interior minister was invited to Tehran for discussing the flood

situation among other matters, and the Pakistani minister visited Iran on 22 August2010.[132][133][134][135][136][137] Iranian interior minister during a meeting with Pakistaniinterior minister informed the latter that Iran is the third largest donor nation in terms of delivered aid.[138] Iran has also assured Pakistan of its continued support and aid intofuture.

[139]In order to better supply relief to flood victims, Iranian president Dr.

Ahmadinejad would visit the flood hit areas of Pakistan.[123] Iran has also donated 50,000tents and has sent 500 doctors and nurses to help with ongoing international relief operation.

[140]Iran started to send an additional 1,100 tonnes of relief goods to Pakistan

on 5th September 2010 as part of its ongoing relief operation.[141]

y Israel has offered aid to Pakistan, but the officials said they have not received an

answer from Pakistan on whether or not the aid should be forwarded.

[142]

y Italy provided ¼ 1.33 million, including a humanitarian aid flight carrying emergencysupplies such as medicines, generators, water purifiers and containers.[143]

y Japan provided US$ 0.23 million for emergency relief goods, while additionalassistance of up to US$3 million has been committed for the disaster aftermath.In a pressrelease, Japan announced to extend the aid to 14.4 million USD (approx. 1.22 billionJPY) in total, in the form of the provision of emergency relief goods, as well as food,water, sanitation etc.[144] Japan is also expected to send a unit of six helicopters and some300 SDF Troops [145]

y Jordan A plane carrying food and medical supplies left for Pakistan on 15 August. Itis carrying a 25-member medical team, including nine doctors, as well as 21,000 typhoidand cholera vaccines.[146]

y Kosovo donated ¼150,000 to the Government of Pakistan's flood relief efforts.[147]

y Kuwait donated US $5 million to victims of the severe floods in Pakistan, accordingto Kuwait Red Crescent Society (KRCS).[148]

y Lebanon sent a plane to Pakistan with humanitarian aid.[149]

y Lithuania donated LTL 50,000.[150]

y Malaysia has donated $1 million to help people in flood-hit Pakistan.[151]

y Maldives donated MVR 3 million to Pakistan.[152]

y Morocco sent a plane carrying 12 tonnes of humanitarian aid.[153]



y Nepal cabinet provided cash assistance of Rs 10 million for flood victims inPakistan.[154]

y Netherlands donated ¼3.6 million euros.[155] Netherlands The population of the Netherlands has collected more more than 17 million euros for relief aid in Pakistan.[156]

y New Zealand donated NZ$4 million towards relief efforts in Pakistan.[157]

y Nigeria also assisted Pakistan by donating US$ 1 million.[158]

y Norway facilitated relief operation by providing NOK 30 million. NOK 9 millionwere given to UN Central Emergency Response Fund, and NOK 21 million wereallocated to UNICEF, Pakistan Emergency Response Fund (ERF), and Pakistan RedCrescent Society[159]

y The Oman Charitable Organisation (OCO) send 2,336MT of aid to Pakistan,

comprising foodstuffs, water, Dates, tents, relief supplies and tools.[146]

y Palestine donated 3000 tons humanitarian supplies to Pakistan.[160] y Qatar Red Crescent has appealed for QR 6.5 million and as part of its Ramadan

campaign allocated QR1.5 million to its humanitarian mission.[146]

QATAR Charity (QC)has started delivering food packs worth QR7 million ($2 million) in collaboration withthe World Food Programme (WFP).[161] It also plans to airlift 80 tonnes of emergencyrelief items, totalling around QR 2.2 million ($600,000).

[162]

y Russia have sent two Russian Il-76 cargo planes with emergency relief.[163]

y Samoa donated US$20,000.[164]

y Saudi Arabia released a statement announcing the establishment of an air-bridge toferry relief-supplies to Pakistan. In total Saudi Arabia has allocated US $112.3million.[165] for the relief-operation. So far relief goods worth USD 40 million has beendelivered and some USD 67 million worth of relief goods are in pipeline besides USD 5.3million has been handed over to National Disaster Management Authority ± NDMAPakistan in cash. Two 100-bed mobile hospitals were also donated by the SaudiGovernment to the flood victims.[166]

y Singapore donated 50 thousand US dollars, 800 water filters and 10,000 blankets.[167]

y Slovakia donated power generators, water pumps and tents.[168]

y Sri Lanka dispatched 18 metric tons of relief goods worth approx US$ 3 million toPakistan on a Sri Lankan Air Force C-130.[169][170][171] The Health Ministry will also sendwill be in the 15 member special medical team to Pakistan.[172]



y Spain have sent out two aircraft containing 15 tonnes of aid material for thevictims.[173]

y Sweden will send eight water cleaning aggregates which together have a capacity tosupport 18,000 people with clean drinking water.[174]

y Switzerland donated CHF 3 million to Pakistan.[175]

y Sudan donated 10 tonnes of food, medicine and shelter equipments as well as amedical team including all disciplines.[176]

y Syria announced that it would send 35 tonnes of foodstuffs, medical supplies,medicines and many other necessary materials to help flood victims.[177]

y Thailand donated $75,000.[178]

y Tunisia sent a plane with 13 tons of food products, medicine, blankets and clothes.[179]

y Turkey has donated US$ 5 million to Pakistan initially, in addition to 115 tonnes of humanitarian aid consisting of food packages, blankets, sleeping bags and beds deliveredto Pakistan Red Crescent Society.[125][180] By 18 August, Turkey has donated more thanUS$11 million and issued a rallying cry and launched a large-scale relief effort for flood-ravaged Pakistan.[181][182]

y Turkmenistan sent about 40 tons of cargo, including food and medicines.[183]

y United Arab Emirates A fleet of Chinook helicopters was deployed to help in

evacuation, according to the commander of the UAE Armed Forces Relief Team inPakistan. The UAE Force in Afghanistan distributed 30MT of relief materials and food toflooded areas of the country. The UAE also pledged to donate $ 5 million for the floodrelief operations in Pakistan.

[184]A telethon campaign by the Red Crescent Authority

(RCA) raised 79 million AED ($21 million) for the flood victims. The Red Crescent alsodispatched 70 tons of essential relief supplies.[185][186]

y The United Kingdom has committed £64.3 million (US $100 million) to the relief andrecovery effort, in addition to bringing forward a £10 million bridge project to replacesome of those washed away. Interventions carried out or under way include the flying inof 400 metric tons of aid, and providing tents, shelter kits, blankets, water containers and

nutritional interventions.[187]

Former British Prime Minister Gordon Brown has alsoacknowledged the slow international response and urged British public to donategenerously.[188] British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II has made a personal donation to therelief effort for flood victims in Pakistan, the Queen gave an undisclosed amount via theBritish Red Cross.[189] Additionally Nick Clegg, the Deputy Prime Minister, described theinternational response as "absolutely pitiful" on August 16.[190]



y The United States has been at the forefront of the relief effort.[191] The United Statesstated that it would provide 56,000 ready meals on 1 August and 2, twelve temporary bridges and two water-filtration-plants to help the flood-victims as part of a US$10million aid-pledge.[192] Commenting on the floods, the United States Secretary of State,Hillary Clinton, stated, "The Pakistani people are friends and partners, and the United

States is standing with them as the tragic human toll mounts from flooding in northwestPakistan."[193] Hillary Clinton personally donated $10 for flood-relief in an effort toencourage people to donate, no matter how small the amount.[194] On 10 August, USannounced another $20 million to provide relief for the affected,[195] taking the floodrelated aid from United States to US$ 55 million.

[196]On 11 August, US increased its

assistance for flood-ravaged Pakistan to $ 71 million.[197] Additionally, United Statesinitially provided six US Army CH-47 Chinook helicopters from their duty inAfghanistan. On 12 August, it provided two more CH-53E Super Stallion helicopters toassist Pakistan Army in their relief efforts. The two helicopters are first of 19 helicoptersthat US Defense Secretary Robert Gates has urgently ordered for Pakistan in next fewdays.[198] Senator John Kerry also visited Pakistan in order to survey the damage from the

disaster, and to raise US public awareness about Pakistani relief needs.

[199]

On 13 August,US increased its aid to US $84 million as USS P eleliu gets ready to dispatch morehelicopters pledged earlier by US Defense Secretary.[200] In addition to this, the UnitedStates is providing $3 million to the World Health Organization to expand the capacity of Pakistan's Disease Early Warning System (DEWS) and to establish the first 15 treatmentcenters for water-borne illness. It is also working with the humanitarian community tospread awareness through radio stations regarding safety precautions against water-bornediseases.[201] On 14 August, further two CH-53E Super Stallion and a MH-53E SeaDragon arrived in Pakistan to work with Pakistan military in flood-affected areas.[202] OnThursday, 20 August, the United States pledged an additional $60 million to the U.N.flood relief effort in Pakistan, bringing its total contribution to $150 million in a movedesigned to encourage other governments and private donors to boost their aid. OnFriday, 27 August, the USS Kearsarge (LHD-3) and her Amphibious Ready Group willdeploy to Pakistan to assist.

[203]

y Uzbekistan has sent 300,000 dollars worth of humanitarian aid to Pakistan.[204]

y Vietnam donated 50,000 dollars.[205]

y Yemen have donated relief materials including medicine and edible oil.[206]

y World Bank provided US$ 1.3 million to Pakistani government for relief work.[207] The bank has additionally approved a loan of US$ 900 million for medium and long termreconstruction.[2]

y International Monetary Fund (IMF) has also offered to discuss how to help Pakistanmanage the economic impact of the floods.

[208]

y Asian Development Bank in response to the floods has offered a loan of 2 billion dollarsfor the reconstruction efforts.[209]



y Islamic Development Bank in response to the floods has offered a loan of 11 milliondollars for the reconstruction efforts.[210]

Response by non-governmental organizations

y The Disasters Emergency Committee, an umbrella group of 13 UK charities, reportedthat as of 27 August its flood relief appeal had raised £40 million (US $62 million), andthat DEC member agencies and their partners had reached over 800,000 people.[211] For the first time in the DEC's 45 year history, they saw donations rise rather than fall in thesecond week of an appeal,

[212]and they then saw them rise again in the 3rd week .

[211]

DEC member charities

y Oxfam is currently providing clean water and hot meals to over 180,000 people. In total,Oxfam aims to reach around 900,000 people with clean water, sanitation kits and hygienesupplies.[213]

y Save the Children is using helicopters, donkeys and boats to deliver doctors and medicalsupplies to families cut off by the water. It has sent a medical team and medicines ondonkeys in Allai, treated more than one thousand patients, and plans to distribute 800shelter kits, including tarpaulins, jerry cans and plastic glasses, to flood-affectedfamilies.[214]

y The Red Cross has dispatched food and shelter items for distribution by Pakistan RedCrescent volunteers to tens of thousands of people. Additionally, it has providedmedicines and medical supplies to hospitals and health centers enabling Pakistan RedCrescent health-care units to treat thousands of people.,

[215][216]

y CARE International has provided water purification tablets, tents, family hygiene kits,kitchen sets, tarpaulins and mosquito nets to thousands of survivors. Mobile and basichealthcare units have provided health services to around 4,500 people.[217]

y Islamic Relief is distributing 3,570 family hygiene kits in Nowshera and Mardan districts benefitting 24,990 people. Also it is distributing 2,850 household kits (containingmattresses, mosquito nets etc.) and 2,850 kitchen sets to benefit 19,950 people.[218] Pakistani cricket star Shahid Afridi is working with the NGO in raising the aid for thedisaster.[219]

y Concern has helped 18,000 people and 6,400 people in Charsadda district have receivedemergency packages.[220] Concern had raised more than ¼1 million in public donationsfrom the Irish public by 13 August 2010.

[221]

y World Vision is currently providing clean water and food in Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa province and is treating people at five health clinics. The agency plans to reach 150,000 people during the first 90 days with relief items including water purification packets,hygiene kits, tents, cooking items and food. It also aims to provide cash-for-work



activities to 1,000 people, open additional health posts, set up 20 child-friendly spacesand 20 women-friendly spaces to provide a safe and comfortable environment for children and women to interact with peers and receive support. World Vision plans toexpand these efforts as floodwaters recede and more communities becomeaccessible.[citation needed ]

Other charities

y Focus Humanitarian Assistance (FOCUS), has deployed Disaster Assessment ResponseTeam (DART) members, Community Emergency Response Teams (CERT) as well asSearch and Rescue teams to assist in coordination with AKDN helicopters withevacuations, transport relief supplies and medial teams. In collaboration with thePakistani Army, FOCUS has transported 200 MT of relief goods, 126 MT of food acrossGilgit-Baltistan, Sindh, and Chitral. With the support of the Canadian InternationalDevelopment Agency (CIDA), FOCUS is also supplying tents, tarpaulins, water, hygienekits and blankets, as well as basic healthcare services, to Khyber-Pakhtunkhwah, Gilgit

Balistan, Sindh and Punjab provinces.

[222]

y Humanity First, in collaboration with NCHD has dispatched over 800 tents as well asmattresses, blankets, floor mats, buckets and shoes. Over 600 water survival boxes have been provided in collaboration with the British Rotary charity WorldWaterWorksLimited. HF has handed out 44 tonnes of food aid, and has assisted over 22000 people, but the response is expected to rise. Moreover, with 31 medical camps over 5000 patientshave been seen.[223]

y MERCY Malaysia has setup two clinics in the districts of Nowshera and Charsadda, eachwith a local doctor and three medical staff. It also sent a team on 12 August to support the

clinics. The NGO donated five units of ultra-filtration water systems worth US$15,000and donated US$40,000 worth of tents, food and drinking water.[224][225]

y ICNA Relief Canada is actively providing emergency relief across the country. ICNARelief is running medical relief camps in 13 locations, distributing free medication and providing ambulance services. ICNA Relief is also providing food packages (Flour,Sugar, Cooking Oil, Rice, Lentils, Biscuits and other basics) and shelters to the floodvictims. Tent distribution is being made to help those whose houses have been washedaway by the floods. ICNA Relief Canada has appealed to its donors for $5 millionraise."ICNA Relief Canada". http://www.icnareliefcanada.ca/.

y Muslim Charity has launched £750,000 appeal to help the victims of flood in Pakistan.Muslim Charity targets to benefit 45,000 people through its activities. Muslim Charity is providing food to 25,000 people for the month of Ramadan, clean drinking water to10,000 people, medical facilities to 10,000 people through its 5 medical camps andshelter to 5,000 people. In its second phase of relief work; Muslim Charity targets toreconstruct 200 house in Pakistan.



y Trócaire had raised around ¼700,000 in donations from the Irish public by 13 August2010.[221] The organisation later said there were difficulties accessing food.[226]

y UNICEF has set up 24 medical camps in the affected areas, benefiting around onemillion people.[227]

y Giving Children Hope donated medical supplies and other aid to several medical centersin Peshawar.[228]

y Médecins Sans Frontières was in a position to respond immediately due to its long term presence in the country. MSF has deployed 100 international and 1200 Pakistani staff to provide medical care, particularly disease prevention, and resettlement services.[229]

Other organizations

y UN-SPIDER Pakistan¶s Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission

(SUPARCO) received assistance through the SpaceAid Framework of the United NationsPlatform for Space-based Information for Disaster Management and EmergencyResponse (UN-SPIDER) during the first phase of the disaster. Through SpaceAid,SUPARCO was able to access post and pre-disaster satellite data. This information wasused by Pakistan¶s National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) and relief organizations to assist response efforts and assess damages. Humanitarian NGOs such asiMMAP and the Pakistan Youth Organization have been using this information for their operations as well.[230]

y The United Methodist Church's representatives are on the ground with a project thatwithin the week will purify more than 3.5 million liters of drinking water and benefit

more than 73,000 people a day. The Methodist are also helping to bring food relief andemergency shelter to tens of thousands of Pakistanis affected by the flooding.[231]

y The Pakistan Cricket Board and English Cricket Board Cricket Boards are workingtogether to organize a fundraiser exhibition match for the benefit of flood victims.

[232][233]

y The Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) had raised at least AUD$2.8 million for UNICEF's flood relief efforts through its nation-wide radio appeal from Friday 27 Augustuntil 3pm on Sunday 29 August 20100.[234]

Response by individuals

y The Al Waleed bin Talal Foundation, donated SR 10 Million (USD 2.67 million) alongwith 10 tons of relief material including 3,500 shots of malaria medicine, 20,000 doses of diarrhoea medicine, 1,500 blankets and 1,000 sanitation kits.[235]

y The Open Society Foundation, led by George Soros donated $5 million in addition to aninitial $50,000.

[236]

y The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation donated $700,000 for flood relief.[237]



y Angelina Jolie donated $100,000 to the United Nations for flood relief operations inPakistan.[238]

y The Bradford flood relief team from the UK (Dr Adeel Iqbal, Dr Akram Khan, NursesHanna Mandalia, Roxana Rashid, Samia Hanif, and volunteers Sabiya khan and NweedaFarooq) collected in excess of $46,000 from friends, neighbours and colleagues, and

personally visited and distributed aid in the form of food, clothing, clean water, medicalsupplies and medical clinics in the Dadu district of sind province.

Response by Islamic militant organizations

y Jama'at-ud-Da'wah (JuD), an organization which is a front for banned militant groupLashkar-e-Taiba, stated that it had 2000 workers providing flood-relief.[239] JuD was banned by the United Nations in 2008 after the 2008 Mumbai attacks but was openlydistributing aid under the Falah-e-Insaniyat arm of the organization.[240]

y Al Rasheed trust an organization under UN sanctions for its links to Al-qaeda was among

the first to provide aid to the flood victims.[241]

y Haqqania madrasa an Islamic school with ties to Haqqani network have converted one of their buildings into a shelter and were caring for 2500 victims.[242]

y The Taliban offered to raise $20 million for flood relief if the Pakistani governmentrejected aid from 'Christians and Jews.'[61]

Response by corporations

y Coca Cola : The Coca-Cola Corporation for Pakistan and Afghanistan announced

donation of USD 1,000,000.[243]

y Deloitte : Deloitte, a business advisory firm, donated £1 million (US $1.5 million) to the

DEC appeal.[244] y Google Foundation : Google Foundation donated $250,000 for the flood relief efforts. A

corporate broadcast was sent to all employees to raise awareness about the disaster.[245] y Cisco Systems : Cisco Systems will match employee donations for flood relief up to

$500,000. A corporate broadcast was sent to all employees to raise awareness about thedisaster.

y BMO Financial Group : BMO Financial Group, Canada¶s oldest bank, has donated$100,000 in support of Red Cross relief and recovery efforts. In addition, the company isaccepting donations through its BMO Bank of Montreal branches in Canada and its

Harris branches in the United States. The company is also waiving fees for fund transfersand drafts to Pakistan through 17 September 2010.[246]

y Riverbed Technology : Riverbed Technology will match employee donations to MercyCorps up to $10,000. A corporate broadcast was sent to all employees to raise awarenessabout the disaster.

y Dell : Dell has announced a $150,000 donation to the flood victims and has declared tomatch any amount donated by Dell employees.[246]



y Intel : Intel donated $100,000 to American Red Cross for flood relief. In addition, Intelwill match employee donations up to $2k per employee. A corporate broadcast was sentto all employees to raise awareness about the disaster.

[246]

y Alcatel-Lucent : Alcatel Lucent launched a "Matching Gift Program" through the AlcatelLucent Foundation. ALU will match one donation per employee, dollar-for-dollar, in

response to this crisis. A Corporate broadcast was made on August 19. Apart from this,employees of Alcatel Lucent Local setup have donated their 1 day salary and have raisedfunds each day (Starting August) to provide Army Aviation with Ready Meals to be air dropped to the people who have been marooned by the floods.

y JPMorgan : Donated $100,000.[246]

y SAP : SAP has contributed significant amount to relief partners. SAP Solidarity Fund in

Germany has already donated funds to help with immediate relief efforts. The SAPmatching gift program will match employee donations up to 10k per employee.Information about SAP relief effort is posted on Corporate Portal to raise awarenessabout the disaster.

y Bank of America Corporation : Donated $50,000 to Save the Children.[246] y

Zebra Technology : Will donate an amount equal to 200% of employee donations to anycharity of their choice. The donation by Zebra will be made to American Red Cross.

Criticism of response

The Pakistani government was blamed for sluggish and disorganized response to the floods.[247] The perceived disorganized and insufficient response led to instances of riots, with attacks andlooting of aid convoys by hunger-stricken people.[248] The lack of a unified government responseallowed Islamic groups such as Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jamaat-e-Islami to supply aid with minimalresistance.

[249][250]President Asif Ali Zardari was also criticized for going ahead with visits to

meet leaders in Britain and France at a time when his nation was facing catastrophe.[251][252] In

Sindh, the ruling Pakistan People's Party ministers were accused of using their influence to directflood waters off their crops while risking densely populated areas.[253]

International community, United Nations and White House are closely monitoring thedeployment of the relief funds by the government of Pakistan. It is feared that the fund for relief will be diverted by the Pakistani government towards their military budget as done in the past.

The United Nations criticized the international community for responding slowly, despite theferocity and magnitude of disaster. As of 9 August, only $45 million in aid had been committed,which is far less than usual for a natural disaster of this scale. [254] In an analysis of the responseto the disaster, The Guardian said that there was a dire need of relief goods in the immediate

aftermath of the floods. It quoted the UN's humanitarian affairs co-ordination office, saying that"[s]ix million [of the 14 million affected] are children and 3 million women of child-bearing age.This is a higher figure than in the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami."[255]

India, a neighbor of Pakistan, was being criticized by Pakistan for being completely silent aboutthe calamity for 2 weeks. It was described by The Diplomat as "India seems to be aloof and blindto the tragedy affecting Pakistan" with the Indian media "barely giving the disaster" anycoverage, while "the international community and aid agencies pump aid to those



affected".[256][257][258][259] NDTV claimed that the limited flood coverage was because Pakistanhas not approved visas to Indian media people for visiting Pakistan to cover the floods.[121] On 13August, India offered condolences and $5 million,

[258][259]and Pakistan rejected the offer;

Pakistan's Foreign Office spokesman Abdul Basit said, "We appreciate India's gesture, but can'ttake aid now."[260] accepted the offer following US threat to stop politics on 20 August[261] Also,

there are nearly 400 Indian doctors, who are waiting for the Pakistan government's nod for visasto help flood victims.[121] India has supplied first consignment of 25 truck-loads of Indian potatoto Pakistan.[122]

An analysis by AP's correspondent, Nahal Toosi, suggested that a number of factors account for the inadequate international response, namely the low death toll, the protracted unfolding of theextent of the catastrophe, the lack of celebrity involvement, the impression that the governmentis not focused on the event, and a certain donor fatigue, perhaps more so as Pakistan has beenreceiving support before.[262]

British Prime Minister David Cameron was accused by Pakistan of hampering international aid

efforts after he claimed that Pakistan was responsible for promoting terrorism.

[263][264]

Some potential donors doubt that funds will reach victims of the flood, but will rather be divertedto terrorist groups such as the Taliban, despite a significant amount of the aid effort beingdirected by the United Nations.[265]

Neglect of minorities

It has been reported that members of Pakistan's Ahmadiyya Muslim community, who werecaught up in floods in Muzaffargarh, were not rescued from their homes because rescuers feltthat Muslims must be given priority. Ahmadi Muslims complained to the government that not

only were they not rescued but in some instances ejected from relief camps when their identitywas disclosed. Ahmadis were declared a non-Muslim minority by the Pakistani governmentwhich prevented them to 'pose as Muslims' and have faced continued persecution.[266][267] HumanRights Commision of Pakistan condemned the denial of relief to Ahmadis.

[268]It also stated ³The

commission has noted with concern reports of lack of provision of relief goods to flood-affectedAhmadi families, expulsion of displaced Ahmadis from a government school in Dera GhaziKhan and rented lodgings elsewhere in southern Punjab after clerics¶ pressure as well as issuanceof edicts by clerics that affected Ahmadis must not be provided help." [269]

Members of the Sikh community, who arrived in gurdwaras in Lahore, also complained of government apathy. They said members of their community were abandoned in Khyber-

Pakhtoonkhwa and had to arrange rescue for themselves.

[266]

In Peshawar the Sikh leadersaccused the Government of Pakistan of not helping them after the floods swept away their homesand businesses and threatened to protest lack of assistance by the Government.[270]

Protests broke out in Lyari relief camp after Hindu victims of Baagri and Waghari nomadictribes were served beef by the authorities in violation of their religious beliefs which forbidsconsumption of beef. The situation was resolved after officials from minority affairs ministryintervened.[271][272]



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273. ^ BBC News - Pakistan landlords 'diverted flood water'274. ^ India now trying to flood Lahore, alleges daily - sify.com



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External links

y The Pacific Disaster Center (PDC) has established a geospatial map service relating tothe Pakistan flood event

y Pakistan GIS is providing updated flood images of Pakistan in geo-referred format for GIS users

y Floods in Pakistan , International Committee of the Red Crossy Updated list of relief organizations and donation resourcesy Latest Updates on Floods in Pakistany

"Flood of Misery": Coverage at http://english.aljazeera.nety Humanitarian information coverage on ReliefWeby Video:Pakistan in mass flood rescuey In Pictures: Floods in Pakistany "The real war on 'terror' must begin"y Pakistan flood pictures Part I and Pakistan flood pictures Part IIy Coverage by Radio France Internationale in Englishy Flooding in Pakistan ± Earth Observatory (NASA, 10 August 2010)y Flooding in Pakistan ± Earth Observatory (NASA, 17 August 2010)y Pakistan Flood Pictures Realize the Conditionsy Pakistan Floods 2010 Relief Wiki Collecting and disseminating flood-related infoy Pakistan Flood Relief Flood Relief informationy UN Humanitarian Chief John Holmes: The Magnitude of the Pakistan Floods Is

Unprecedented ± video report by Democracy N ow! y Mapping Pakistan floods Overview of up-to-date map sources: probable flood-affected

villages, towns and infrastructure.

2010 pakistan floods report-by aamir hussain

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