2009 caadria
DESCRIPTION
2009 CAADRIATRANSCRIPT
Is An On-Virtu Digital Sketching Environment Cognitively Identical To
In-Situ Free-Hand Sketching?
Hsien-Hui Tang, Yu-Ying Lee, Wen-Ko Chiou
National Taiwan University of Science and Technology & CGU
Outline
• Two Environments• Method and Steps• Analytical Structure• Statistical Results• Conclusions
Research Problem
• Could we establish an remotely on-virtu digital sketching environment being cognitively identical to co-located in-situ free-hand sketching environment?
Objectives
• Utilize current IT products to establish an remotely on-virtu digital sketching environment
• Conduct empirical protocol studies to compare it with traditional environment
• Propose ideas for design computing and cognition
Setting DetailsTraditional Envir. Digital Envir.
Location Co-located Virtually Co-loacted Physically in two separate roomsUltra VNC (Sharing Desktop)
Communication Face-to-Face Virtually Face-to-Face MSN (Net Conferencing + extra LCD monitor
Media Pen-and-Paper Digital Pen-and-Paper(Wacon Cintiq 21 + Alias Sketches Book Pro)
Recording DV X 4 Camtasia + DV x 2
Name In-Situ On-Virtu
Methodology
• Protocol Analysis• Experimental Procedure– Conducting the experiment• 10 teams of two 3rd ID students
– Transcribing• 10 data sets for each environment
– Analyzing by Coding Scheme– Statistical Results and Discussions
Coding Scheme 2
• Valkenburg & Dorst (1998)• The reflective practice of
design teams• Content of designing
Segment Number
• Intention / Element of Design process
• no significant difference – Chi-Square = 7.3 df=9 p=.605
• strong relationship – Spearman nonparametric correlation r=.964 p=.000
Team A D C F G H E I B J
Digital 301 272 305 245 219 221 248 213 222 216
Traditional 253 280 235 275 294 290 246 251 201 196
FBS Result
Traditional Media Digital Media
Team F B S F B S
A 36 716 27 35 651 16
B 32 474 10 19 476 6
C 36 474 15 26 483 21
D 19 187 10 13 156 6
E 31 352 14 27 369 7
F 18 414 12 12 393 11
G 16 333 10 14 344 14
H 11 316 8 15 304 15
I 19 497 18 14 460 27
J 19 344 12 20 349 [email protected]
FMNR ResultTraditional Media Digital Media
Team F M N R F M N RA 16 632 36 95 23 547 34 98B 15 390 32 79 12 402 19 73C 10 430 36 49 8 456 26 40D 7 159 19 31 8 126 13 31E 12 304 31 50 18 316 27 42F 14 344 18 69 14 333 12 57G 16 279 16 48 15 299 11 47H 12 267 11 45 13 268 9 44I 14 447 17 56 10 418 14 59J 22 294 19 40 11 325 13 32
Statistics
• In terms of FBS (design process)– No statistical significant differences between the
distribution of FBS media in each team • Chi-Square <5.99, p > .05, df = 2
• In terms of FMNR (design content)– No statistical significant differences between the
distribution of FBS media in each team • Chi-Square <7.81, p > .05, df = 3
Conclusions
• The in-situ environment is of no difference to the on-virtu environment
• In terms of design process and content– Function-behavior-structure– Naming-Moving-Reflection-Framing
• Empirically examined by protocol analysis• Statistical verification• Being cognitively identical
Discussions
• Design Computing– It is possible to establish a computer-aided
conceptual design environment• Design Practice– It is possible to remotely conduct conceptual
design collaboration• Design Cognition– It is possible to conduct quantitative protocol
studies with statistically significant results