2005-06 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3)

Environmental Health

NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Contents

Sources of Drinking Water

Toilet Facilities

Disposal of Children’s Stools

Type of Fuel Used for Cooking

Residential Crowding

NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Percentage of HH by Improved Source of Drinking Water

25

1843

133 Piped water intodwelling

Public tap

Tube well

Protected well

Non-improved

According to WHO/UNICEF an improved source of drinking water includes water piped into dwelling/yard/plot, water available from public tap or stand pipe or a tube well or borehole, or a protected well or spring

NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Percentage of HH by Source of Drinking Water

33 3526

39 39

19

42

12

43

Piped Hand pump Well water

NFHS-1 NFHS-2 NFHS-3

NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Time to Obtain Drinking Water71

4251

22

4337

714 12

Water on premises Less than 30minutes

30 or more minutes

Urban Rural Total

NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Toilet Facility by Residence

19

286

24

617

Flush to sewer

Flushed to septic tank

Other-improved

Shared with other HH

Other not-improved

No facility

116

3

74

5

1

URBAN RURAL

Improved toilet facilities include toilet facilities with a flush, or a pour flush that is connected to a sewer system, septic tank or pit latrine, a ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine, a bio gas latrine, a pit latrine with slab and twin pit, composting toilet.

NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Percent of HH Having no Toilet Facilities

24

87

70

19

81

64

17

74

55

Urban Rural Total

NFHS-1 NFHS-2 NFHS-3

NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Manner of Disposal of Child’s Stools

129

9

26

44

2

Child used toilet or latrine Put/ rinsed into toilet or latrinePut/ rinsed into drain or ditch Thrown into garbageLeft in the open Other

Note: Percent adds to more than 100 due to rounding

NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Proportion of HH by Type of Fuel

1184

10 4

64

17

83

7 7

59

251112

32

49

LPGKeroseneCoalWoodDung cakesOther

NFHS-1 NFHS-2

NFHS-3

NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

NFHS-3, India, 2005-06

Persons Per Room Used for Sleeping

24

11 5

6023

10 4

63

34

166

44

<3 persons3-4 persons5-6 persons7+ persons

NFHS-1 NFHS-2

NFHS-3

How realistic is it that water and sanitation related MDG goals will be met?• Access to an improved water source: Given the

progress in the past one and a half decades, there is an excellent possibility that this target will be met.

• However, increasing access to improved sanitation needs an urgent programmatic response.

• Needed are area specific strategies in different states with innovative messages focusing on adverse health implications of unsafe ways of disposing children’s stools and importance of cooking under a chimney.

Thank You!