2001.8.10 sensor node: very small devices on the internet nobuo okabe internetnode inc.,...

2001.8.10 http://www.i-node.co.jp/ 1

Sensor Node:Very Small Devices on the

Internet

Nobuo OkabeInternetNode Inc., [email protected]

Yokogawa Electric Crop. [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]


Outline: When broadband access is deployed

What will happen? What will be new requirements? Will IPv6 be necessary? Will micronode w/ IPv6 have reality? What micronode can be possible? What is issues/challenge?


The Internet in Japan (2000/2)

Users 19 million people

Connectivity Analog Telephone : 48.1% ISDN : 25.3% Dedicated (CATV 、 ADSL 、 etc.) : 20.8%

Applications Mail : 50.9% Web : 37.2%

© Impress Corporation http://www.impress.co.jp/

Future of the Internet Future of the Internet in Japanin Japan

Internet(IPv6)

TV, PDA,Mobile phone,PC

Host

Enterprises

Home

Hub

TV1.taro.i-node.jp

2001.6.7

　 Always-on Network

(IPv6)

x 30millon (2005)


Future of the Internet in Japan 30 million households will have broadband acce

ss to the Internet by 2005. Goverment IT Policy:

http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/it/network/priority-all/2.html

Changes: Diverse/innumerable devices on the Internet New services

Influence upon business: New applications and services Marketing Security

http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/it/network/priority-all/2.html


New Requirements for Users Network device must be “ easy-to use” if

people of 30 million home use the Internet practically: User can use the devices w/o special knowledge a

bout PC, OS and network. The devices must be non-PC (=specific purposed)

network appliances. The devices must work under limited resouces (po

wer consumption, performance, size, etc …). Every single user can have number of devices. The devices can have end-end communication.


Micronode has network functionality

Plug & play is non-PC device

No need OS and PC knowledge Small and/or simple Specific purposed Limited H/W and S/W resources PC is not a enemy, but a friend


Will IPv6 be necessary?YES ！

Requirements To connect 30 million households

(infrastructure) End-end communication （ business ） Easy to connect the network （ user ）

The value of IPv6 Vast address space (40billion ^ 4) Good-by NAT Plug & play (Security)


Reality of the micronode Multiple vendors supplies IPv6 embedded syst

ems: InternetNode Inc.,

http://www.i-node.co.jp/ ACCESS CO. LTD.

http://www.access.co.jp/ CHUO ELECTRONICS CO.,LTD.

http://www.cec.co.jp/ CENTURY SYSTEMS

http://www.centurysys.co.jp/

http://www.i-node.co.jp/

http://www.access.co.jp/

http://www.cec.co.jp/

http://www.centurysys.co.jp/


Example:Demo. in Interop. Tokyo (1/3)

Prototype thermo sensor: 100 sensors in Interop Tok

yo Monitoring the nodes, gath

ering data by IPv6 Power On Ethernet


ExampleDemo. in Interop. Tokyo (2/3)

Networked Thermo sensor

×100

IPv6 Network

ServerServer Monitoring the nodesGathering data


Example:Demo. in Interop. Tokyo (3/3)

Hall 1Hall 2Hall 8 Hall3Hall 4Hall 5Hall 6Hall 7POD

Catwalk

POD

Catwalk

Thermo Sensors


Spec. of the thermo sensor CPU: Intel8051Compatible 、 40MHz 、

24bits Address Mode Memory: (512KB - ) １ MB FLASH

(512KB - )1MB SRAM I/O: Ethernet 10Base-T （ x1 ） Power: Power on Ether OS: Homemade JavaVM: JDK 1.1.8 (subset)


IPv6 Engine ： Coverage (1/2) Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification (RFC 2460) Neighbor Discovery for IP Version 6 (IPv6) (RFC 2461) IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (RFC 2462) Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for

the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification (RFC 2463) IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture (RFC 2373) DNS Extensions to support IP version 6 (RFC 1886) Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Ethernet Networks (RFC 246

4) IPv6 Node Information Queries (draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-name-look

ups-05)


IPv6 Engine: Coverage (2/2) Detail of our IPv6 minimum host

spec. http://www.tahi.org/minspec/

http://www.tahi.org/minspec/


IPv6 Engine ： Overview (1/2) System for embedded use JAVA for application program Various I/Os (serial, parallel, 1-wire) IPv4/IPv6 Ready httpd/telnetd/ftpd Ready

IPv6 Engine: Overview (2/2)

2001.6.7

IPv6/ICMPv6ARP/IPv4/ICMPv4

TCP/UDP IPv6

Java VM

Java Applications

IPv6

Ethernet Driver

Written inassembler

Written inJava


IPv6 Engine ： Size Kernel

200KB (OS ＋ JVM ＋ Network) IPv4 : 7KB 、 IPv6 : 21KB

JAVA （ Classes ＋ httpd ＋ telnetd ＋ ftpd ） 300KB

Kernel work area 11KB

Kernel buffers （ mbuf like ） 23KB


IPv6 Engine: Performance Data transfer by FTP (on-link)

IPv6 : 28KB/s IPv4 : 28KB/s


Possibility of the micronode Our micronode can com

bine with CCD device Microphone/Speaker IR controller Environmental monitor (e

x. air pollution, temperature)

Bio-monitor (ex. heartbeat, breathing)

IRController

Environ.Monitor

Inter-netInter-net

Server


Issues/Challenges (1/6) Managing huge number of nodes

Some application need servers to manage micronodes.

More than 10^5 micronodes (1% of the government’s goal)

Servers can not gather data from huge number of nodes by real-time fashion.

Every single micronode have to be smart for rate limitation.


Issues/Challenges (2/6) IPv6 Minimum host spec.

Entire IPv6 spec. can not be implemented under limited resouces.

What part of spec. is mandate? Harmless to other IPv6 nodes Reasonable to the future of the Internet

http://www.tahi.org/minspec/


Issues/Challenges (3/6) Security bottom line

IPsec is too heavy for our micronode because of limited resources (especially performance).

Authentication is mandate. Encryption may NOT be mandate. From business point of view, NAT and IPv4/IPv6 tr

anslator should not be ignorable. It also discourages use of IPsec.

Current solution: Security functionality in application layer


Issues/Challenges (4/6) Updating firmware from remote site

There are many reasons to update firmware.

Bug fix, new function, new service, …… Legacy way of support (on-site or send-bac

k) will not match cost because of huge number of micronodes.


Issues/Challenges (5/6) Updating firmware from remote

site (Continued) To be considered

Low impact against the network Recovery from update fails Scalable Re-using/combining existing technologies

We do not see right answer yet.


Issues/Challenges (6/6) To be implemented

DNS Discovery NTP

2001.8.10 sensor node: very small devices on the internet nobuo okabe internetnode inc.,...

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