2001 Mars Odysseypage 1

W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003

Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003

The results of GRB patrolling by The results of GRB patrolling by HEND instrument onboardHEND instrument onboard

2001 Mars Odyssey 2001 Mars OdysseyA. Sanin, S. Charyshnikov, V. Grinkov, A. Kozyrev, M. Litvak,

I. Mitrofanov, V. Tret’yakovInstitute for Space Research

K. HurleySpace Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley

T. ClineNASA/Goddard Space Flight Center

2001 Mars Odysseypage 2

W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003

Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003

What is Gamma-Ray Burst?What is Gamma-Ray Burst?

2001 Mars Odysseypage 3

W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003

Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003

Astrophysical Task of HEND Astrophysical Task of HEND Experiment:Experiment:

Registration of gamma-ray bursts irradiance to high precession determination of sources locations by interplanetary triangulation method.

Scientific GoalScientific Goal::

To detect gamma-ray bursts with time accuracy around 10 мsec. Optical afterglow of GRB 990705 with host

galaxy

2001 Mars Odysseypage 4

W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003

Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003

Gamma-Ray Burst HEND SubsystemGamma-Ray Burst HEND Subsystem

Size of CsI crystal: - height 5.5 cm - external diameter 5.5 cm - wall thickness 1 cm

Time resolution: 0.25 sec, 1 sec.

Spectral range: 30 keV – 1 MeV (0.25 sec) 60 keV – 2 MeV (1 sec) 16 channels in both ranges

Continues data flow.

2001 Mars Odysseypage 5

W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003

Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003

HEND Participations in tHEND Participations in the he TThird Interplanetary Gamma-Ray Burst Timing Networkhird Interplanetary Gamma-Ray Burst Timing Network

(IPN(IPN33))

Interplanetary spacecraft:• Ulysses, heliocentric orbit, < 3000 light sec from Earth• HEND, Mars orbit, < 1200 light sec from Earth

Spacecraft near Earth:• KONUS - WIND• HETE-2• RHESSI • Integral

Based on http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov

2001 Mars Odysseypage 6

W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003

Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003

The concept of the “space triangulation” method to determine sky location of transient source using data of several interplanetary detectors

2001 Mars Odysseypage 7

W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003

Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003

HEND HEND contributicontributioonn to IPN: to IPN:registration moment and time profile, obtained registration moment and time profile, obtained

from interplanetary positionfrom interplanetary positionEvent

THEND TCEB TUT

Odysseytrajectory

information(CSPICE)

OdysseyCoordinate

TIME&

Position ofS/C

2001 Mars Odysseypage 8

W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003

Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003

HEND autoburst data distribution systemHEND autoburst data distribution systemEvent

HEND CEB Odyssey JPL UofA

IKI

Data Request by e-mail

Distribution data to

community

DatabaseAutomated burst system

2001 Mars Odysseypage 9

W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003

Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003

Time profiles of some HEND GRBs which were detected during 2 years of operations

2001 Mars Odysseypage 10

W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003

Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003

GRB020405GRB020405

Ulysses/BeppoSaxUlysses/HEND

Error Box for GRB020405• Observed by Ulysses, Mars Odyssey (HEND), BeppoSAX, and KONUS-WIND

• Triangulated to a 75 square arcminute error box and circulated to astronomers within 17 hours

• Optical transient source identified less than one hour later

2001 Mars Odysseypage 11

W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003

Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003

Optical counterpart for GRB020405

2001 Mars Odysseypage 12

W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003

Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003

Statistic of of HEND Gamma Ray-BurstsStatistic of of HEND Gamma Ray-Bursts

“Free space” Cruise stage

Aerobraking Stage

20 detected GRB (~4.0 events/month)

6 detected GRB(~1.5 events/month)

1 events localized

1 have optical afterglow

2 events localized

2 have optical afterglow

Mapping Stage

58 detected GRB(~3.6 events/month)

34 events localized

5 have optical afterglow

For 1 GRB redshift was determined

For 1 GRB redshift was determined

For 3 GRB redshift was determined

2001 Mars Odysseypage 13

W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003

Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003

ConclusionsConclusions

HEND is the member of Interplanetary Gamma-Ray Burst Coordinate Network

during the 23 months of operation 84 GRBs were detected 37 GRBs were localized For 8 GRBs afterglows were founded, for 5 of them

redshifts are determined GRB part of HEND work became more important after

finish of BeppoSax scientific operation stage in the end of April 2002

farther development of HEND burst facility is necessary for own HEND GRB triggering.