2- pengantar sistim rekayasa sipil ices ti

7/29/2019 2- Pengantar Sistim Rekayasa Sipil ICES TI

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PENGANTAR SISTIMREKAYASA SIPIL (ICES)

Tim ICES 2011

1



What is CIVIL ENGINEERING?

2



Learning Objectives of CEE(ABET)3

Understand how Civil Engineers impact lives

Identify some different areas of specialization

Understand job benefit Identify necessary skill



Civil Engineers

build structures that meet function,shape, cost, and reliability

specifications

4



Civil Engineers

plan, design,construction superviseoperation andmaintenance:

construction oftransportation systems,water systems,structures…….etc

solve local problem toenvironmental issues

5



Civil Engineers...

solve local problems

related toenvironmental issues

6



Major Areas of Specialization

Transportation Engineering

Geotechnical Engineering

Water Resources Management

Environmental Engineering

Structural Engineering

Construction Management



Transportation Engineering

It is aimed to manage the movement of people orgoods from their origin to destination using land, airor sea modes

9



TRANSPORTASI :

Perpindahan manusia atau orang

dari satu lokasi ke lokasi lain

SISTEM :

Suatu kumpulan objek/komponen yang saling berhubungan

untuk suatu tujuan tertentu

DESTINATION



TITIK

ASAL

TITIK

TUJUAN

Proses Transportasi

Orang atau barang

Fasilitas Fisik

Institusi (Regulator,Operator)

SISTEM

TRANSPORTASI

MODA TRANSPORTASI

manusia…

barang……



DIMENSI 2

DIMENSI 3

Transportasi DaratTransportasi

Udara

Transportasi

LautJalan Raya Jalan Rel

- Angkutan

Umum

v v v v

- Angkutan

Pribadi

v v v v

- Pejalan Kaki v

SISTEM TRANSPORTASI MULTI DIMENSI

DIMENSI 1

- MANUSIA / BARANG

- FASILITAS FISIK

- INSTITUSI (REGULATOR/ OPERATOR)

RUANG LINGKUP SISTEM TRANSPORTASI

DIMENSI 4

………………..

………………..

………………..

DIMENSI 5

………………..

………………..

………………..

DIMENSI 6

………………..

………………..

………………..

………



DIMENS I 2

DIMENSI 3

Transportasi Darat

Transportasi Udara Transportasi LautJalan Raya Jalan Rel

- Angkutan Umum v v v v

- Kendaraan Pribadi v v v v

- Pejalan Kaki v

MANUSIA …..


DEMAND

SYSTEM



DIMENSI 2

DIMENSI 3

Transportasi DaratTransportasi Udara Transportasi Laut

Jalan Raya Jalan Rel



- Pejalan Kaki v


MANUSIA …..



DIMENSI 2

DIMENSI 3





- Pejalan Kaki v


MANUSIA …..



DIMENSI 2

DIMENSI 3





- Pejalan Kaki v


BARANG …..



DIMENSI 2

DIMENSI 4



- Guideway

Perkerasan v v v

Geometrik v v v v

- Fasilitas Transfer v v v v


FASILITAS FISIK ……

SUPPLY

SYSTEM



DIMENSI 2

DIMENSI 4



- Guideway

Perkerasan v v v

Geometrik v v v v

- Fasilitas Transfer v v v v


FASILITAS FISIK ……



DIMENSI 2

DIMENSI 5

Transportasi DaratTransportasi

Udara

Transportasi

LautJalan Raya Jalan Rel

Management System

- Load Support Services

- Operating Systems

- Marketing System

- Communications & Control System

- Personnel Systems

- Organizational Structure

- Financial Systems

- Planning & Analysis System


REGULATOR / OPERATOR ……

Supply System

VS

Demand System



INTRO TO GEOTECHNICS



Geotechnical Engineering

Specializes in:

soil mechanics anddynamics

earth structure

earthquakeengineering

Don’t skip geotechnical analysis !

24



What is geotechnics???

Geotechnics is a field that aims to apply knowledge ofearth sciences to engineering problems involving the

Earth's crust, soil, stones, and related materials

One of the major concerns of the field is avoiding orminimizing the damage that can be caused by naturaldisasters such as landslides, earthquakes, and other

natural disasters involving the Earth

The overall goal of the field is to make the Earth and itsresources more accessible to and usable by people



Design and performance predictions of the foundations ofbridges, roads, tunnels, buildings, and other man-madestructures

Prediction, prevention or mitigation of damage caused by naturalhazards such as avalanches, mud flows, landslides, rockslides,sinkholes, or volcanic eruptions

Application of soil, rock, and groundwater mechanics to thedesign and predicted performance of earth structures such asdams

Source: wikipedia

Examples of geotechnics application



Examples of Geoetchnical Problems (1)

Pisa Tower, Italy




Situ Gintung Dam collapse, 2009




Landslide on highway in Taiwan, 2010




Guatemala sinkhole, 2010



31

Typical Geotechnical Works

Geo-Laboratory

~ for testing

Design Office

~ for design & analysissoil properties

construction site

From SIVA,2001

Field investigations

~ for collecting data



Objectives will be to:

obtain appropriate data on the site and ground

conditions to ensure the site is suitable for theproposed structures and

determine whether any special measures arenecessary to support the structures to allow construction

to proceed safely and/or to improve the ground.

Field Investigations



Laboratory Works

Triaxial Test on Soil Sample in

LaboratoryDirect shear apparatus



Shallow/deep foundations

Geotechnical Design and Analysis



Retaining Walls




Dams




Geosynthetics




INTRODUCTION TO WATER

RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

DSEPTEMBER 2012



Water resources management41

Water resources conservation Water resources utilisation Water destructive force



UU No.7/2004 tentang SDA

1Konservasi SDA: Perlindungan & Pelestarian

Sumber Air Pengawetan Air Pengelolaan Kualitas Air &

Pengendalian Pencemaran Air

2Pendayagunaan SDA: Penatagunaan SDA Penyediaan SDA Penggunaan SDA Pengembangan SDA

Pengusahaan SDA

3Pengendalian Daya Rusak Air /Mitigasi Bencana: Pencegahan Penanggulangan Kerusakan & Bencana Pemulihan



Konservasi SDA

Sumber: UU No.7/2004

Konservasi sumber daya air adalah upaya memelihara

keberadaan serta keberlanjutan keadaan, sifat, dan fungsisumber daya air agar senantiasa tersedia dalam kuantitas dan

kualitas yang memadai untuk memenuhi kebutuhan makhluk

hidup, baik pada waktu sekarang maupun yang akan datang.



Pendayagunaan SDA


Pendayagunaan sumber daya air adalah upaya

penatagunaan, penyediaan, penggunaan,pengembangan, dan pengusahaan sumber daya air

secara optimal agar berhasil guna dan berdaya guna.



Pengendalian Daya Rusak Air


•Daya rusak air adalah daya air yang dapat merugikan kehidupan.

•Pengendalian daya rusak air adalah upaya untuk mencegah,menanggulangi, dan memulihkan kerusakan kualitas lingkungan

yang disebabkan oleh daya rusak air.

Source: BPPT, 2009

The dense housing complexes which occupied floodplains immediately downstream of the dam actually should have

never been allowed to be there. People who have chosen to build houses and decided to live there should have known

about the regulation and also the most important, about the potential hazard.

Devastating area around 11 Ha: • 1km in length • 40-150m in width • 316 houses torn down • billion of rupiahs losses

Jakar

taSituGintung

Source: KOMPAS/WISNU WIDIANTORO, 2009

Situ Gintung Disaster



Introduction to Environmental Engineering



Environmental Engineering

Responsibilities includemanaging and reducingpollution and waste

water and waste waterquality

waste management andtreatment

disposing hazardousmaterials (Bahan beracunberbahaya)

47



Environmental engineering is the application of

science and engineering principles to improve the

environment (air, water, and/or land resources), to

provide healthy water, air, and land for humanhabitation and for other organisms, and to

remediate polluted sites.

Li k d M khl k Hid

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_environment

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollution

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollution

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_environment

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science



Manusia

TumbuhanHewan

Tanah

Udara Air

Faktor Biotik

Faktor Abiotik

Lingkungan dan Makhluk Hidup



Liquid Waste

Gas Waste

Solid Waste



Liquid

Waste

Gas Waste

Solid Waste

LiquidWaste

Gas Waste

Solid Waste

Bentuk intervensi



End of Pipe _ Pengendalian Pencemaran

Penyediaan Sarana Pengolahan Air limbah

Penyediaan Sarana Pengolahan Air Bersih

Penyediaan Sarana Pengelolaan Sampah

Bentuk intervensi

DIAGRAM ALIR SISTEM PENGOLAHAN AIR BERSIH - PILOT PLANT KARAWANG



Raw Water Tank

Sedimentation

Pretreatment

Reservoir

Slow Sand Filtration

Lower Clean Water Tank

Upper Clean Water Tank

Elevated Clean Water Tank

Public Tap

3

4

9

11

10

781

6

2

5

Intake

6

PT Yamaha



Liquid Waste

Gas Waste

Solid Waste



HIERARKHI DALAM PENCEGAHAN PENCEMARAN

Pengurangan limbah pada sumbernya

Daur Ulang dan Pemanfaatan Kembali Limbah

Mengolah limbah

Membuang limbah



UU –RI NOMOR 18 TAHUN 2008 TENTANG

PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH

PP RI No. 16 tahun 2005 tentang pengembangan sistem

penyediaan air minum

UU – RI No.7 tahun 2004, tentang sumber daya air

KepMenKes No.907 tahun 2002 tentang syarat syarat dan

pengawasan kualitas air minum

PP No 82 tahun 2001 tentang pengelolaan kualitas air dan

pengendalian pencemaran



INTRODUCTION TO BUILDING

DESIGN



Structural Engineering

structural design and analysis

stress analysis

structure stability

seismic proof and reinforcement

60



fulfilment of all client’s requirements functional efficiency and value for money

buildability, maintainability and

openability economic and aesthetically acceptable.

1. What is design?

Design is an optimization process of all aspectsof a client’s brief.

Buildings to be

http://www.prlog.org/10612291-low-cost-3d-building-design-services.jpg



Homes/ Apartments /

Condos/ Villas

Business park /Townships

Churches / Convention Centre

Golf club/Health Club/Fitness

centre/Waterpark

High-rise Buildings Hotels

IT Parks/Offices and

Commercial

Schools /Shopping Mall

/Hospitals Township

And many more

Buildings to be

designed

B ildi D i

http://www.prlog.org/10612291-low-cost-3d-building-design-services.jpg

http://www.the-ark.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Building-Design-014.jpg



Building Design



http://www.the-ark.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Building-Design-picture.jpg





Materials:

Stone

Bricks

Timber

Iron and steel

Reinforced concrete

Structural form and materials

Structural Types

Houses, Tall Buildings Bridges

Domes



Dry stone masonry at Great Zimbabwe.

Brick and Masonry

M S



Construction of

masonry

structures

Masonry Structures

M h

http://www.treehugger.com/sustainable-product-design/living-small-cheap-and-simple-try-a-dome-house.html



Brick masonry houses and walls

Masonry houses

M B id



Arch bridges

Masonry Bridges

M D



Masonry Domes

Ti b S



Timber Structures

Excellent Timber House Design from Minahasa,Indonesia

Wood/ Timber Houses

http://all-pictures.biz/excellent-timber-house-design-from-minahasa-indonesia/




http://all-pictures.biz/excellent-timber-house-design-from-minahasa-indonesia/exotic-timber-house-from-minahasa_1/



Wood/ Timber Houses

Ti b B id



Timber Bridges

Ti b B id



Timber Bridges

Ti b D



Timber Domes

M t l / St l H



Metal / Steel Houses

M t l / St l B id



Metal / Steel Bridges

St l D



Steel Domes

St l D / Sh t Pil



Steel Dams / Sheet Piles

Concrete Houses / Buildings



Concrete Houses / Buildings

C t B id



Concrete Bridges

C t D



Concrete Domes

Highrise Buildings



Highrise Buildings

Ancient Structures



Ancient Structures

Pont du Gard – a Roman aqueduct showing semicircular arches.



CONSTRUCTION

MANAGEMENT

C i E i i



Construction Engineering

Required skills methods and equipment

structures

construction management cost estimation and analysis

85

C i E i



Construction Engineers

Design formwork, scaffolding, liftingapparatus, etc.

Management of construction resources:labor, materials, equipment, money and

time.

86

MANAJEMEN KONSTRUKSI / PROYEK



ices87

Adalah penerapan pengetahuan, ketrampilan,sarana dan teknik pada kegiatan proyek agardapat memenuhi kebutuhan stakeholder danharapan dari sebuah proyek.

The application of skill, knowledge, tools & techniques to

projectactivities to meetproject requirements

MANAJEMEN KONSTRUKSI / PROYEK

Manajemen proyek/konstruksi



ices88

Proses penerapan fungsi-fungsi manajemen (perencanaan,pelaksanaan dan penerapan) secara sistimatis pada suatuproyek dengan menggunkan sumber daya yang ada secaraefektif dan efisien agar tercapai tujuan proyek secara optimal.

Manajemen Konstruksi meliputi mutu fisik konstruksi, biaya danwaktu, manajemen material dan tenaga kerja.Hal itu dikarenakan manajemen perencanaan berperan hanya20% dan sisanya manajemen pelaksanaan termasuk

didalamnya pengendalian biaya dan waktu proyek.

Manajemen proyek/konstruksi

Tujuan Manajemen Konstruksi



ices89

Mengelola fungsi manajemen atau mengatur pelaksanaanpembangunan sedemikian rupa sehingga diperoleh hasil optimal sesuaidengan persyaratan (spesification) untuk keperluan pencapaian tujuan

ini, perlu diperhatikan pula mengenai mutu bangunan, biaya yangdigunakan dan waktu pelaksanaan.Dalam rangka pencapaian hasil ini selalu diusahakan pelaksanaanpengawasan mutu ( Quality Control ) , pengawasan biaya (CostControl) dan pengawasan waktu pelaksanaan ( Time Control ).

Tujuan Manajemen Konstruksi



ices90



ices91

Key Project Stakeholders

• Owner

• Engineering/designer

• Constructor

Construction resources



ices92

Construction resources

• Manpower

• Machines

• Materials

• Money

4 M

Construction management



ices 93

Construction management

• Involves the timely and efficient applicationof the four Ms to construct a project



ices94



ices95



ices96

Manajemen Konstruksi :



Planning Designing Constructing

Operation

Maintenance

&

Developement

Construction Management

Project Management

Manajemen Konstruksi :

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