Sand casting

Expendable Mold Casting

Pattern is permanent

Moulding Materials

Testing of moulding sand properties

• Moisture content

• Clay content

• Sand grain size: determining the grain fineness number (GFN)

• Permeability– Specimen preparation– Standard definition

• Strength– Green strength– Dry strength

• Mould hardness

Pattern making

Materials:

Properties:low cost, low weight, easy formability, less dimensional changes, surface finishSize of casting, number of casting, dim. accuracy

• Wood: pine, teak, walnut• Metal: aluminium alloys, grey cast iron, steel• Plastic: poly urethine foam

Types of patterns

• Single piece pattern• Split pattern• Cope and drag Pattern• Match plate pattern• Loose piece pattern• Follow board pattern• Sweep pattern• Skeleton pattern

Single piece pattern

Split pattern

Cope and Drag pattern

Match plate pattern

Follow board pattern

Loose piece pattern

Sweep pattern

Various types of gates

Mould cavityMould cavity Mould cavity

Top gating Bottom gating Parting line gating

Various furnaces used in FOUNDRY PRACTICE

• Blast Furnace

• BOF

• Cupola

• Oxygen Lance Furnace

• Electric Arc Furnace

• Induction Furnace

Crucible furnace

Cupola

Electric Arc Furnace

Induction furnace

Pouring vessel