2. anatomy and physiology

8/15/2019 2. Anatomy and Physiology

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PERIPHERALCIRCULATION

ANATOMY AND

PHYSIOLOGY


2/20

* Understanding of anatom and !"sio#ogof t"e s$in and %eno&s sstem is

im!ortant'

* (ami#iari)ation of t"e !"sio#ogi res!onse

of %ein to "eat+ o#d+ and stress' and

* ,no-#edge in s$in t"i$ness and

onsisten at %ario&s sites.

Considerations in

Accurate /eni!&nt&re0


3/20


4/20

Sensor ree!tors T"ere are fve types o sensory

receptors+ fo&r of -"i" a1et!arentera# t"era!.

T"e sensor ree!tors transmitalong fbers. Man t!es of

stimation+ s&" as "eat+ #ig"t+o#d+ !ress&re+ and so&nd are!roessed a#ong sensoryreceptors.


5/20

Sensor ree!tors re#ated

to !arentera# t"era!in#&de01. Mechanoreceptor2!a#!itation of %eins3

2. Thermoreceptor

2a!!#iation of "eat or o#d3

3. Nocireceptor

2!roessed !ain d&ring !&nt&re3

4. Chemoreceptor

2dereased irating 4#ood

%o#&me3


6/20

T"e /esse#s

and Ciration T"ree $inds of 4#ood %esse#s e5ist in t"e"&man 4od0

arteries+ veins+ and a!i##aries.

T"is intriate sstem tra%e#s to e%erin" of t"e "&man 4od t"ro&g"

re!eated# 4ran"ing %esse# t"at getsma##er and sma##er as t"e moveaay rom the heart 2arteries3+ and

t"en #arger as t"e return toar!


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Com!arison of Arteries+ /eins+ andCa!i##aries


8/20

ANAT"M#

and $%#&'"(")# A*T+*#

6RINGS ",#)+NAT+- 6LOOD TO TISSUES' 6RIGHT REDIN COLOR

T%'C/0A((+- 2AD/ENTITIA+MEDIA+ INTIMA3


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ARTERIOSCLEROSIS

the har!ening o arteriesarterialalls because o cholesterol or

calcium !eposits plaue

bloo! clots may orm that clog

the artery urther an! bloo! supplyto tissue is re!uce!5 resulting tostro6e or heart attac6


10/20

7+'N&

6RINGS -+",#)+NAT+-8(""-

TO THE HEART' DAR, RED INCOLOR

T%'N/0A((+-+ COMPLIANT

C'*C9(AT"*# $*+("A-


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12/20

CAPILLARIES

TINY MICROSCOPIC /ESSELS THATCONNECT ARTERIES AND /EINS

SMALL DIAMETER ALLO8ING ONLYONE 6LOOD CELL TO PASS THROUGHAT A TIME

THIN 8ALLS PERMIT E9CHANGE O(GASES AND MOLECULES 6ET8EEN6LOOD AND SURROUNDING TISSUE


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14/20

STRUCTURE O( THE 6LOOD/ESSELS

T%*++ C"AT& "* T9N'C&

1.T9N'CA 'NT'MA

.#ines t"e #&men or interior oft"e %esse#s

.t"in #aer of endot"e#i&m

resting on a 4asementmem4rane

.t"e e##s :t #ose# toget"er and

form a s#i$ s&rfae t"at


15/20


16/20

=. TUNICA E9TERNA

o&termost t&ni

om!ose #arge# of :4ro&sonneti%e tiss&e

f&ntion to s&!!ort and !rotett"e %esse#s


17/20

Com!arison 4et-een Arteries and /eins

Arteries 7eins

Trans!ort 4#ood a-a from t"e"eart'

Trans!ort 4#ood to-ards t"e"eart'

Carr O5genated 6#ood2e5e!t in t"e ase of t"ePmonar Arter3'

Carr De>o5genated 6#ood2e5e!t in t"e ase of t"ePmonar /ein3'

Ha%e re#ati%e# narro- #&mens' Ha%e re#ati%e# -ide #&mens'

Ha%e re#ati%e# morem&s#e?e#asti tiss&e'

Ha%e re#ati%e# #essm&s#e?e#asti tiss&e'

Trans!orts 4#ood &nder "ig"er!ress&re 2t"an %eins3'

Trans!orts 4#ood &nder #o-er!ress&re 2t"an arteries3'

Do not "a%e %a#%es 2e5e!t fort"e semi>#&nar %a#%es of t"e!monar arter and t"eaorta3.

Ha%e %a#%es t"ro&g"o&t t"emain %eins of t"e 4od. T"eseare to !re%ent 4#ood ;o-ing int"e -rong diretion+ as t"isod 2in t"eor3 ret&rn -aste

materia#s to t"e tiss&es.


18/20

E9TERNAL 6LEEDING

ARTERIAL 6LEEDING

4rig"t red in o#or d&e to "ig" o5gen

ontent

sine !ress&re is "ig"er+ 4#eeding is@&i$er+ more a4&ndant and in s!&rts

t"e "ardest to ontro#


19/20

/ENOUS 6LEEDING

dar$ red in o#or d&e to #a$ of o5gen4#eeding o&rs in stead ;o-

eas to sto! 4ea&se !ress&re is #o-er

CAPILLARY 6LEEDING

o&rs s#o-# and e%en# 4ea&se of

t"e sma## si)e of t"e %esse#

onsidered minor and is easi#ontro##ed -it" s#ig"t !ress&re


20/20

S&!er:ia# /ein

oft"e

Hand2Dorsa#3

2. anatomy and physiology

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