2-3 year olds

TODDLER DESCRIPTION

1-3 years Stubborn Egocentric No –Want

(Vocabulary) 1st Word

learned/continues to improve

Terrible Twos Explorer Imitator Temper Tantrums

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT Slowed Growth Rapid Mental &

Emotional Development

Weight Gains 5-10 lbs yearly

Height Gains 3 inches yearly

Stands Alone Body –prominent

abdomen, forward curve

Waddles, Walks with wide stance

Body Systems are maturing

PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

Behavior – Negativism Ritualism Dawdling Temper Tantrums Separation Anxiety

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES

Period of Slow and Steady Development No Sudden Growth Social Contact Influences Explores Experiences Independence

LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT 2 years – two words, noun-verb Simple sentences No Read to Often Answer Questions Name Objects as they Play Have Toddlers Use Language Read Words, Show Pictures Expressive Comprehensive Vocabulary Imitating What They Hear Difficult – Pronouns Correctly (I, me, him, her) Bilingual – Both Languages

EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT Autonomy Trust Others Independence Doubt Shame Consistent About Safety Rules Obstinate, Difficult to Manage Resistant to Being Cuddled Enthusiastic About Interacting with People Gender Differences Parallel Play Toys with Action Check Toys – no loose parts, sharp edges Manipulative, Household Activity, or Outdoor Toys

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

Scientist Problem Solving Deferred Imitation Preoperational Thought Use of Assimilation Process

TODDLER SAFETY

Immunizations 15, 18, 24 months Toilet Training Parent-Toddler Relationships Accidents : motor vehicles, falls, aspiration,

drowning, animal bites, poisoning, burns

FEEDING

Eating Problems – messy, appetite varies 15 months – finger feeding, self feed 18 months – able to use spoon/cup, may

throw them, spills less 24 months – appetite fair, defines dislikes,

accepts no help, still spills 30 months – preferences less evident, holds

spoon like adult, tilts head to get last drop from cup

TIPS FOR FEEDING

Small Portions Substitue for disliked food Simply prepared food Social atmosphere Allow to use spoon and fork Regular mealtimes – 20 minutes Small nutritious snacks between meals Desserts – do not use as reward

DRESSING

Easy Buttons Large Zippers, Velcro May Put Clothes on Backwards

SLEEP

1 nap, 8 hours at night Routines prior to sleeping Feel secure

BATH

Routine Fun, but caution Age 2, learn to brush teeth Rinse with water

TOLIET TRAINING

Potty Chair Good Hygiene Approval or No Comment Appropriate Dressing Positive Role Model No Comment on Messiness Do not flush Toilet while child sitting on it Do not expect perfection