1.Underlying factorsA. NationalismB. ImperialismC. Militarism-aggressive preparation for warD. Alliance system

2. SparkA. Assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand

B. wanted an independent Slavic stateC. Gavrilo Princep of the Black Hand

a. Serbian nationalistD. A-Hungary puts demands on SerbiaE. Serbia refuses and A-H declares warF. Russia, under Czar Nicholas I, mobilizes the army, an act of war in 1914

G. Allies all jump in-what should be a local war turns into a global affairH. starts in 1914I. is a total war, complete mobilizationresources an people

3. New innovationsA. machine gunB. tankC. poison gasD. submarineE. airplane

4. Major events of the warA. Western Front (France)

1. Trench warfare2. Dug in-went no where

B. Eastern Front (Russia)1. Mobile

                                   

                                     

5. Sides

a. Triple Alliance-Germany, Italy, Austria Hungary-turns into the Centralpowers of Germany, Bulgaria, AustriaHungary, Ottoman Empire

b. Triple Entete-Great Britain, France, Russia. Turns into the Allied powers of

Great Britain, France, USA

Allied and neutral ships lost during the war

1914 1915 1916 1917 1918

To submarines 3 396 964 2,439 1,035

To surface craft 55 23 32 64 3

To mines 42 97 161 170 27

To aircraft - - - 3 1

6. Unrestricted Submarine war (Germany)1. Sank all merchant ships bound

for allied countries2. Convoy system

3. Sink the Sussex-passenger linera. sussex pledge

7. major battles early in the war1. Schlieffen plan

a. 2 front war against France and Russia

2. Marne 1914a. France stops German advance

to Parisb. proves it will be a long war

8. 19171. US enters the war

a. sinking of the Lusitania, unrestricted sub warfareb. Zimmerman Notec. conscription

9. Russian Revolution

A. Czar Nicholas and his wife Alexandra under the influence of Grigory Rasputin

B. March Revolution led by women, tired of being hungry, demanded bread

C. war was very unpopular with the people

D. soviets, groups that comprised of workers and soldiers, challenged authorityE. Bolsheviks under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin start a revolution

F. Seize power and sign the treaty of Brest Lotivsk with Germany to get out of the WWI

G. Civil war breaks out between the reds and the whites

1. Nicholas and his family murdered

2. Cheka, red secret police begin to destroy all who oppose the new regime

10. End of the war

A. us enters after others have been

fighting for 3 years

B. Armistice signed on Nov.

11, 1918

11. PeaceA. Most want to punish GermanyB. France guided by national securityC. Wilson (US pres) 14 points

1. Freedom of the seas2. End secret alliances3. Right to self rule4. Stop modern war5. 14th point-league of nations main point

D. Treaty of Versailles1. Reduce Germany’s army2. Reduce territory3. Pay war debts4. Create league of nations

E. left Germany humiliated and resentful, felt it was a harsh peaceD. Article 231, declared Germany and

Austria Hungary were responsible for the war

7. Create the countries of Finland Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia

12. CostA. 30 million soldiers dieB. 21 million injuredC. 13 million civilians die 240,000 British Amputees

240,000 British

Amputees