SCIENCE STAAR CHEAT SHEET!

At least 9 STAAR questions from this

page!

**Be able to find these relationships in a food web:PRODUCER – CONSUMERProducer makes its own foodConsumer gets its food from producer or other consumersEX: grass – mouse PREDATOR – PREYPredators uses prey for foodEX: hawk – rabbit

PARASITE – HOSTParasite benefits at theExpense of the host.EX: parasitic worm – snake

Know the difference between:MULTICELLULAR UNICELLULAR

multi – more than one uni – oneorganism made of more

than one cellorganism made of

one cell

HETEROTROPH AUTOTROPHorganism that gets energy from organic substances

organism that makes its own food

EUKARYOTIC PROKARYOTICEU = you PRO = no

cell has a nucleus cell has no nucleus

SEXUAL Reproduction ASEXUAL Reproduction2 parents 1 parent

offspring is a unique combination of both parents

offspring is identical to the parent

**Know the difference between:Short-Term Environmental ChangeOccurs quickly, over a short period of time; organisms don’t have time to adaptEX: wildfire, flood, hurricane, drought

Long-Term Environmental ChangeOccurs slowly, over a long period of time; organisms have time to adaptEX: urbanization, climate change

**Know the difference between:BIOTIC FACTORS – living thingsEX: animals, plants

ABIOTIC FACTORS – nonliving thingsEX: rocks, soil, air, temperature, sunlight, water

**Know the difference between:Dependence – organisms depend on biotic and abiotic resources for survival

Competition – organism compete for biotic and abiotic resources; groups of organisms compete with other groups of organisms for resources

Be able to follow the flow of energy in:Food Chains – shows flow of energy from the Sun to producer to different consumers

Food Web – multiple food chains connected together

Energy Pyramid – shows levels of organisms in a food web

Remember: All energy comes from the Sun

Understand how humans impact oceans by:Runoff – the flow of water over soil and other surfaces until it runs into a river, lake, or ocean; water picks up toxic chemicals and pollutants on the ground

Urbanization – creates more runoff which pollutes water more and creates bad water quality in oceans

Overfishing – taking too many fish out of the ocean before the population can replace itself

Artificial Reef – underwater man-made reefs that provide homes for algae, coral, barnacles, and fish

Remember: Humans depend on the ocean for food, transportation, energy sources, and recreation

Know the difference between:Biodiversity – the number of different species of plants and animals in an area

Sustainability – the ability of an ecosystem to maintain itself over time

Remember: the more biodiversity in an ecosystem, the more sustainable it is

Know the difference between:Ecological Succession – the process where ecosystems change and develop over time

Primary Ecological Succession– succession occurs when there is no soil presentEX: rock is exposed after a glacier melts

Secondary Ecological Succession – succession occurs where there is soil presentEX: a forest after a forest fire

Know how to read a:Dichotomous Key – a tool used to sort organisms by finding similarities or differences through a series of questions

Know the difference between:Natural Selection – organisms that adapt to their environment, survive, reproduce, and increase in number EX: Galapagos finch, peppered moths

Selective Breeding – breeding plants and animals for selected genetic traits EX: labradoodle dog

Understand:Heredity – the passage of genetic traits from one generation to the next generation

Remember: your unique genes come from DNA that make up chromosomes in the nucleus of all your cells

Know the difference between pats of a cell:CELL MEMBRANE CYTOPLASM

controls what enters and exits the cell

jelly-like material that holds all cell organelles

MITOCHONDRIA NUCLEUSpowerhouse of the cell;

where the cell gets energycontrol center (brain) of

the cell

VACUOLE CELL WALL (plants)storage area in cell protective, outer-layer

CHOLROPLAST (plants) site of photosynthesis

Know the difference between the function of the human body systems:CIRCULATORY RESPIRATORY SKELETAL MUSCULAR DIGESTIVE

transports materials through blood gas exchange structural support

and protects organsmovement and

generates warmthbreak down food

and absorb nutrients

EXCRETORY REPRODUCTIVE INTEGUMENTARY NERVOUS ENDOCRINEfilters and removes

waste produce offspring protection of body command center; controls body regulates systems