1c. location, design, specs, and costs of roads
TRANSCRIPT
LVR Location and DesignLVR Location and Design
Low-Volume Road Costs
Gordon Keller, PE, GEGeotechnical [email protected] [email protected]
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РОЗТАШУВАННЯРОЗТАШУВАННЯ(LOCATION)(LOCATION)
Use All Sources of Use All Sources of InformationInformation
– Topographic Maps – Photos – Employees/workers familiar
with the area – The existing road network– Areas of Private Lands – Soils maps and geologic conditions
Identify Points of Control on the map
• Starting Point
• Ending Point
Community
Market
Identify Points of Control on the map
• Intermediate Control Points
• Creek Crossings• Saddles
Rock Outcrops• Road Intersections
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Identify “Identify “Red FlagRed Flag” areas to ” areas to be avoided!be avoided!
• Areas of unstable soils• Wet areas/flat areas• Steep slopes• Rocky areas• Major river crossings or other barriers• Private Lands• Special areas/ biological/archeological
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Дорога повинна повторювати Дорога повинна повторювати природні контури рельєфуприродні контури рельєфу
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Мінімальний ухил дороги повинен складати 2-3%Максимальний ухил дороги не повинен перевищувати12-15%
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Road GradesRoad Grades• The minimum road grade
should be 2-3%• The maximum road grade
should be less than 10-12%, depending upon:– Soil Types
Erosiveness of the soil The type of trucks/vehicles
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SURVEYSURVEY
DESIGNDESIGN
Специфікація Сільська під'їзна дорога
Колекторна дорога
Номінальна швидкість25-35 км/год 45-60 км/год
Ширина дороги 3.5-4.5 м 4-5.5 м
Ухил дороги 15% макс. 12% макс.
Радіус повороту 15 м. мін. 25 м. мін.
Нахил До/ від схилу (5%)До/від схилу або випуклість(5%)
Тип покриттяПрироднє або гравій
гравій, тверде покриття
Норми проектування типової дороги з низькою інтенсивністю руху
БУДІВНИЦТВОБУДІВНИЦТВО(CONSTRUCTION)(CONSTRUCTION)
QUALITY CONTROLQUALITY CONTROLSAMPLING/TESTINGSAMPLING/TESTING
Ви отримуєте те, що ви контролюєте Не те, що ви очікуєте
SPECIFICATIONSSPECIFICATIONS&&
DRAWINGSDRAWINGS
Standard Specifications for Construction of Roads and Bridges on Federal Highway Projects
FP-14UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATIONFederal Highway Administration
Section 602. — CULVERTS AND DRAINSDescription602.01 This work consists of furnishing and installing culverts, drains, and precast concrete box culverts.Material602.02 Conform to the following Sections and Subsections:Asphalt mastic 702.04Concrete pipe 706Gaskets for concrete pipe 706.08Gaskets for ductile iron pipe 707.18Gaskets for metal pipe 707.17Gaskets for plastic pipe 708.08Lean concrete backfill 614Metal pipe 707
Construction Requirements602.03 General. Furnish culvert pipe with a wall thickness not less than that shown in the plans or determined from the fill-height tables included in the plans. Use the same material and coating on contiguous pipe sections and special sections (such as elbows and branch connections). For culvert extensions, furnish the same material as the existing culvert.602.04 Laying Concrete Pipe and Precast Concrete Box Culverts. Start at the lower end and lay the bell or groove end upgrade. Fully join sections with leak-resistant seals using one of the following methods:602.08 Acceptance. Material for culverts, drains, and precast concrete box culverts furnished will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.03.Installation of culverts, drains and precast concrete box culverts will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.04.Excavation and backfill will be evaluated under Section 209.Measurement- Payment602.10 The accepted quantities will be paid at the contract price per unit of measurement for the Section 602 pay items listed in the bid schedule. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section. See Subsection 109.05.
The Summary• Mark the final field location accurately
on the map. Confirm it in the field and stake the alignment.
• Develop Plans and Specifications• Make a final estimation of costs• Leave Documentation notes and
maps!!!!– Road Location and Design Report
KEY COST ITEMSKEY COST ITEMS
• ClearingClearing• ExcavationExcavation• RevegetationRevegetation• Channel CulvertsChannel Culverts• Cross-Drain CulvertsCross-Drain Culverts
Рекультивація
розчистка
Дорожнє полотноЗемельні роботи
Рекультивація
Дренажна труба = 1m
ухил
розчистка
Дорожнє полотно
Земельні роботи
Рекульти
вація
ухил
Реку
льти
ваці
я
насип
Поперечна дренажна труба +1 m
Особливості будівництва доріг в залежності від нахилу поверхні
ВІДКОСИa. Збалансований відкіс і насип
b. Повна виїмка тераси
грунту
2:1 типово
Насип
Виймання
0-60% ухил
Типовий відкіс для твердої породи: від ¼:1 до ½:1
Типовий відкіс для більшості порід: від ¾:1 до 1:1
Дорога
Виїмка тераси доцільна, коли ухил перевищує +/- 60%
Будуйте відкоси і насипи споруд на гірських схилах зі збалансованим розрізом профілю
Материнський грунт
OTHER MAJOROTHER MAJOR COST ITEMS COST ITEMS
• Surfacing-Gravel/PavementSurfacing-Gravel/Pavement• BridgesBridges• End Hauling MaterialEnd Hauling Material• Retaining StructuresRetaining Structures• Other FactorsOther Factors
–Right-of-WayRight-of-Way–Overlooks, EtcOverlooks, Etc
SURFACING MATERIALSSURFACING MATERIALS
BRIDGESBRIDGES
MAJOR CULVERTSMAJOR CULVERTS
END HAUL MATERIALEND HAUL MATERIAL
WALLS/STRUCTURESWALLS/STRUCTURES
Importance of RoadingImportance of Roading• Code of Forest Practice
– Poorly designed or maintained timber production roads have the potential to create significant environmental impacts, particularly on water quality and river health.
– Plans for roads must be based on field surveys to ensure that all environmentally sensitive locations are identified and appropriate design and construction techniques are adopted.
• VicForests Roading Instruction– The cost of providing road works is significant and
is therefore an important business process that requires thorough and appropriate financial and environmental planning and approval's processes.
Lachlan Spencer, VicForests Road Planner