19.western europe

WESTERN EUROPE

By Mr. Jack

Western Europe

299-303

Why study Western Europe?

The USA is a country of immigrants.

37.8 Percent of Americans have European heritage.

African Am.

European Am.

HispanicAm.

Americans

Asian Am.

Western Europe and the USA are important trade partners.

Las Vegas is a favorite destination for Europeans. Western Europe, the city’s second biggest international market — up 81.7 percent since 2003.

Locate the countries and cities on your maps.

Population Patterns Western Europe's population patterns

have been shaped by physical geography, migration, and world events.

Population Patterns Although small, Western Europe has a

big population (400 million)

The distance from the Pyrenees to the German/Polish boarder is only 800-1000 miles.

1016 miles, distance Los Angles to Denver via Las Vegas

The People Switzerland is a blended European cultures.

It has 3 official languages German, French, and Italian.

Geneva is the capital, famous for banking.

The Alps mark the boarder of 4 seasons in Western Europe

The People

Western Europe is not as ethnically diverse as the USA or South America.

Pie Chart

The People


Ethnic composition, language, religionEthnic groups: Arab/North African 5%; Breton 1%; Catalan .5%Fleming 1.5French 76.9German 1.4Portugues1.5Vietnamese 1.0

The People


Pie Chart

A pie chart is a circle divided into color parts to show proportions.

African Am.

European Am.

HispanicAm.

Americans

Asian Am.

The People

5 percent of France’s population came from North Africa, which used to be a part of France during the Age of Empires

The People

Starting in the 1950’s, Germany encouraged immigration to help its economy.

It has a guest worker program, people from other countries work in a different country for a temporary time.

Yet, Germanys population is not as diverse as that of the USA.

Socrative quick poll

Which Western European country has the most ethnic mix?

A. France B. Germany C. Netherlands D. Switzerland

Density and Distribution In Western Europe, most of the population

is urban.

Density and Distribution Germany has the most people in Europe

(82 million).

Monaco is the smallest only 0.78 sq mi , with a population of 36,371.

Casino Royale

Density and Distribution Most people in France live in

Paris, or along the Southern Coast.

Density and Distribution The Netherlands has the highest

population density.

Density and Distribution Like South American and Mexico, most

people migrate to cities in Western Europe.

Density and Distribution Some people work in the cities, but live

outside the city called suburbanization.

Suburbanization is the growth of areas on the edge of cities

Density and Distribution Western Europe has some of the world’s

most famous cities.

Density and Distribution Vienna

Vienna Austria on the Danube River.

Vienna Austria

Lipizzaner Stallions

Density and Distribution Berlin

Berlin

Density and Distribution Brussels

Brussels the capital of the EU

Brussels tulip festival.

Density and Distribution Amsterdam

Amsterdam the northern trade city on the Rhine River.

Density and Distribution Paris

Density and Distribution Paris a ______ city. Check 1-3 Activity 12-2

Check 1-3 Activity 12-2

European Timeline 700’s BCE-476 Classical Greece, Alexander, Rome 500-800 Dark Ages, Vikings 800-1500 Middle Ages, Crusades, Reformation 1400-1600’s Renaissance, Age of Exploration 1700-1900 Age of Empires, Industrial Revolution 1900’s World Wars, Cold War

Middle Ages and Reformation created many of the religions still practiced today and in the USA.

The Crusades (Wars of Christians vs. Muslims) a conflict that many in the middle east see as continuing up to today.

History and Government Page 301-302

History and Government Early Peoples Celts, Frisians and Basque prehistoric

people settled Western Europe thousands of years ago.

Frisians

History and Government The Roman Empire conquered and ruled

Western Europe from 47BC to 476 CE.

History and Government Germanic Tribes overran the Roman Empire ,

ending the Classic Age (476) beginning the Middle Ages (500-1500).

THE MIDDLE AGES 500-1500

History and Government

Urban life , education, trade all disappeared.

Law and Order broke down.

Schools, trade, roads, building tech, even money disappeared in western Europe.

Life degraded to brutality not seen since the Neolithic Age.

Local strongmen built castles, people who could not fight looked to them for protection.

History and Government The Rise of Western Europe The Franks (a Germanic tribe) conquered

western Europe.

History and Government The Franks accepted Christianity and

protected the Roman Catholic Church.

History and Government Charlemagne (768-814) expanded the

Frankish Kingdom.

Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor on Christmas day 800.

History and Government Charlemagne's system of land

distribution became the basis of feudalism.

Serfs

Three classes of people: those that prayed, those that fought, and those that worked. You were born

into your class.

E:\History Course\Unit 11Emerging Europe\LateMedievalArtAndArchitecture.pptx

History and Government In 843, Charlemagne’s

Empire was divided among his sons.

The Western part became France,

The Eastern part called the German States or Holy Roman Empire .

The middle fought over as the neither lands.

History and Government Strong French Kings unified France and

made Paris a center for education and culture.

History and Government The Holy Roman Empire (962-1806)

remained divided.

History and Government The German emperor, nobles and popes

all fought for control

History and Government The Netherlands became a center for trade,

merchants usually ran the city governments.

History and Government The powers of Western Europe came into

contact with other regions.

History and Government From 1089 - 1291, the Christian Europeans

fought Crusades to take Jerusalem from Muslim rule.

Pope Urban II calls for The First Crusade.

The Crusades were military campaigns started by the Roman Catholic Church to take land around Jerusalem from the Muslims.

History and Government

History and Government The Christian Crusaders took Jerusalem in the first

Crusade, but eventually the Muslim leader Saladin drove them out.

History and Government Page 301-302

History and Government The Crusades failed, but brought Europeans

into trade with the eastern Mediterranean.

Medieval paintings

History and Government By the 1400’s, educated Europeans developed

a new interest in Classical Greece and Rome, called the Renaissance.

Sandro Botticelli La Prima Verra, or Birth of Venus

Perspective

History and Government By the 1400’s, educated Europeans

developed a new interest in Classical Greece and Rome, called the Renaissance.

Leonardo da Vinci, started in Florence Italy, but moved to Paris France

History and Government By the 1400’s, educated Europeans

developed a new interest in Classical Greece and Rome, called the Renaissance.

Michelangelo’s David (Florence) and Pieta (Vatican City)

Fede Galizia, Plautilla Nelli,

History and Government Merchants from Italy spread these ideas

which became popular throughout Europe.

Italian cities like Venice and Florence become super rich.

History and Government Many people and kings resented the Pope and

Roman Catholic Church, who had become super powerful.

History and Government New Christian religions appeared called the Protestant

Reformation, especially in Germany, England, the Netherlands, and Switzerland.

Protestant Reformation, [a] a movement against what the Protestants considered to be errors in the Roman Catholic Church. It is one of the major divisions of Christianity.

Martin Luther rejected the RCC and started the Lutheran Church in Germany.

John Calvin and the Calvin Church became popular in the Netherlands and Switzerland.

History and Government From 1524 to 1648, they fought religious

wars Protestants vs. Catholics.

History and Government Winds of Change After the 30’s year War (1618-1648), your king

became more important than religion in these wars.

What class did this benefit?

A New Class not Nobles and not Peasants….the middle class.

The Queens and Kings of Europe benefited the most.

History and Government Winds of Change France became a major world power

Louis 14th of France builds the Palace of Versailles

Louis 14th the Sun King

The French Monarchy’sPalace of Versailles


Hall of Mirrors


Louis XVI Bedroom


Drawing Room

French Empires 1600’s-1900’s

History and Government Winds of Change Society had not changed much since the times of Charlemagne.

The Nobles and Church still dominated society, while merchants had little influence in national politics and peasants lived poor

History and Government Winds of Change In 1789, the merchants (middle class) united with the

working class and overthrew the French monarchy and nobles in the French Revolution.

History and Government Winds of Change But in 1789, the French Revolution

overthrew the French monarchy. and made a Republic.

republic; plural noun: republics a state in which supreme power is held

by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.

The Estates General Convenes in May, 1789

Last time it was called into session was 1614!

Storming the Bastille, July 14, 1789

Celebrated today as France’s day of independence.

March of the Women,October 5-6, 1789

We want the baker, the baker’s wife and the baker’s boy!

A spontaneous demonstration of Parisian women for bread.

History and Government Winds of Change During the French Revolution, nationalism

became the most important factor.

Nationalism: loyalty and devotion to a country.

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen August 26,

1789V Liberty!V Life!V Equality under the

Law!V Property!V Resistance to

oppression!V Thomas Jefferson

was in Paris at this time.

Olympe de Gouges (1745-1793)

Declaration of the Rights of Womanand of the Citizen (1791)

V Women played a vital role in the Revolution.

V But, The Declaration of the Rights of Man did NOT extend the rights and protections of citizenship to women.

http://perso.wanadoo.fr/j.granes/Olympe.html

The Tricolor (1789)

The WHITE of the Bourbons + the RED & BLUE of Paris.

Citizen!

The “Liberty Cap”: Bonne Rouge

Revolutionary Symbols

Cockade

Revolutionary Clock

La RepublicLiberté

The Royal Family Attempts

to Flee

June, 1791Helped by the Swedish Count Hans Axel

von Fusen [Marie Antoinette’s lover].

The Death of “Citizen” Louis Capet

Matter for reflection

for the crowned jugglers.

So impure blooddoesn’t soil our land!

Marie Antoinette as a Serpent

The “Widow Capet”

Marie Antoinette in Prison

remembering Bastille Day

on her way to the guillotin

Marie Antoinette Died in October, 1793

The First Coalition &The Brunswick

Manifesto(August 3, 1792)

FRANCE 1792-1797 AUSTRIA

PRUSSIABRITAINSPAINPIEDMONT

Duke of Brunswick if the Royal Family is harmed, Paris will be leveled!!

History and Government Winds of Change Napoleon Bonaparte spread the ideas of

the French Revolution and created an Empire.

E:\History Course\Social Studies\grade 12\Topic 2 Age of Napoleon\1.Napoleon_Iabridge.pptx

History and Government Winds of Change He ended the Holy Roman Empire by

defeating the German Emperor at the battle of Austrialitz.

Napoleon’s Defeat at Waterloo

(June 18, 1815)

Dukeof

Wellington

Prussian General Blücher

Battle of Waterloo Napoleon commits the Guard.flv

History and Government Winds of Change Prussia (a German state) unified Germany

under a new emperor the czar.

History and Government Winds of Change Germany prospered and built up its

military.

History and Government Winds of Change Rivalries between the Central Powers

(Imperial Germany, Austria, Russia) and Allies (France, England, Italy)led Europe into World War I (1914-1918) .

History and Government Winds of Change Western Europe suffered enormous

casualties.

History and Government Winds of Change

The Germans were found guilty of starting the war and France and England made it pay reparations for damages.

History and Government Winds of Change German aggression led to World War II

(1939-1945) . Nazi leader Hitler planned and carried out the Holocaust the mass murder of Jews, Slavs, gypsies, gays, and alcoholics.

History and Government A New Era During the 1950’s, Germany was divided

into democratic Wes Germany and Communist East Germany.

History and Government A New Era

This division remained until the end of the Cold War and fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.

History and Government A New Era In the 1990’s, the countries of Western

Europe united economically called the European Union (EU).

Culture The Arts

France has been world leaders in literature, architecture, music and visual arts.

Culture The Arts Realism was poplar in the mid 1800’s

Culture The Arts Impressionism in the late 1800’s

Culture The Arts postimpressionism

Culture The Arts Miro

Culture Language and Religions

Most western Europeans speak Indo European languages, like French and German. Many countries have one or more official languages.

Culture Language and Religions

Christianity is the main religion of Western Europe.

Catholic Protestants

Culture Education and Health Care

All children are educated. 98-100 percent can read.

Everyone has health care. Germany funds heath, education, unemployment .

Culture They love soccer.