1998-2007 kpds gramer + cümle tamamlama

8/11/2019 1998-2007 KPDS Gramer + Cmle Tamamlama

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Efe Cevher - dilFORUM Grammar & Sentece Completion

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1998 Mays KPDS...................................................................................................................................................................................11998 KASIM KPDS.................................................................................................................................................................................31999 MAYIS KPDS .................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ..................... ...................... ...................... ....61999 KASIM KPDS.................................................................................................................................................................................9

2000 MAYIS KPDS .................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ..................... ...................... ...................... ..122000 KASIM KPDS...............................................................................................................................................................................152001 MAYIS KPDS .................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ..................... ...................... ...................... ..182001 Kasm KPDS................................................................................................................................................................................202002 Mays KPDS.................................................................................................................................................................................222002 Kasm KPDS................................................................................................................................................................................252003 Mays KPDS.................................................................................................................................................................................282003 Kasm KPDS................................................................................................................................................................................312004 Mays KPDS.................................................................................................................................................................................332004 Kasm KPDS................................................................................................................................................................................352005 Mays KPDS.................................................................................................................................................................................372005 Kasm KPDS................................................................................................................................................................................392006 Mays KPDS.................................................................................................................................................................................41

2006 Kasm KPDS................................................................................................................................................................................432007 Mays KPDS.................................................................................................................................................................................45CEVAP ANAHTARI ................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... .................... ...................... ....................... ..47

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1998 Mays KPDS

1-16. sorularda, cmlede bobraklan yerlereuygun den kelime veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

1. Of all the policies put into effect by the

Thatcher governments ----controversial was theeconomic one.

A) most

B) the more

C) the most

D) more

E) mostly

2. If the others hadnt voted in favor of theyounger candidate, I probably wouldnt havedone so ----.

A) even

B) too

C) also

D) as well

E) either

3. Today the expansion of knowledge inastronomy, physics, chemistry, and biology is ---- vast and complex, and multiplying ----quickly to be mastered fully.

A) so / thatB) just as / as

C) as well / as

D) so / so

E) too / too

4. Scientists rely on computers to modelphenomena ---- would ---- be difficult toobserve.

A) whereby / in case

B) such as / nonethelessC) which / nevertheless

D) that / otherwise

E) so that / in fact

5. The lawyer decided to call ---- of the witnessesonly and paid no attention to ----.

A) both / others

B) the two / any other

C) two / the others

D) some / anotherE) any / some others

6. Several experts were working on the project,and each came up with some interestingproposals, and naturally ---- claimed that ----was the best.

A) many /each

B) some / its

C) we / it

D) all / he

E) each / his

7. We are prevented ---- completing the project ----time due to unforeseen circumstances.

A) from / on

B) in / by

C) by / inD) at / over

E) for / about

8. The Hollywood studio system in film making,which began ---- 1920 and flourished from theearly 1930s ---- the 1950s is unique in Westernculture.

A) throughout / into

B) around / through

C) by / until

D) within / over

E) along/ till

9. ---- the embargo imposed on us is lifted in thenear future, we cant hope for any economicrecovery.

A) Whereas

B) While

C) Because

D) In caseE) Unless

10. ---- proving useful in many scientific fields,computers-generated knowledge, ---- ProfessorHayes acknowledges, is not without pitfalls.

A) Although / because

B) Since / while

C) While / as

D) As long as / even if

E) Once / whether or not

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11. ---- suggestion he may make as regards the taxrate, lets not give any response ---- we havediscussed the matter thoroughly together.

A) However / when

B) Whatever / until

C) Whyever / after

D) Whatsoever / while

E) Whenever / before

12. Most newspapers are of the opinion that if amajority of Scots really ---- independence, theBritish Parliament has no option but ---- to theirwishes.

A) did want / had acceded

B) wanted / have acceded

C) had wanted / would have acceded

D) do want / to accede

E) would have wanted / acceded

13. For a hundred years or so some critics ---- thatpoetry is dying and all that time poets ----poems that later generations recognise asgreat.

A) have maintained / have been writing

B) maintained / wrote

C) had maintained / were writing

D) maintain / are writing

E) would maintain / had been writing

14. What I ---- is that we ----to think seriously abouta thorough reform in the legal system.

A) have proposed / should have begun

B) had proposed / were beginning

C) am proposing / begin

D) was proposing / have begun

E) proposed / had begun

15. When the Italian astronomer GiovanniSchiaparelli ---- a map of Mars in 1877, he ---- alarge number of straight linear features, whichhe called canali that is channels.

A) publishes / has noted

B) had published / was noting

C) has published / notes

D) published / noted

E) would have published / had noted

16. If we ---- the terms of the contract, all the paint-work in the building ---- finished by the 15th ofnext month.

A) are to meet / will have to be

B) were meeting / will be

C) met / would have had to be

D) had met / is being

E) will meet / was being

17-24 sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun ekildetamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

17. ---- how much this Finnish directors filmsmanage to communicate.

A) You didnt show any reaction

B) It really is surprising

C) The audience was suddenly startled

D) The dramatic cough is an instance

E) There are certain advantages with black and

white movies

18. As heavy rain had been forecast for the area, ----.

A) record harvest are expected this year

B) they would presumably cancel the excursion to

the ruins in the valley

C) I cant imagine why they neglected to take allnecessary precautions to avoid flooding

D) farm labours would have to work overtime and

weekends

E) the resulting floods caused widespread

hardships

19. If only they had realised that our supplies wererunning out ----.

A) the crisis might still be avoided

B) those in charge could put the matter rightC) nobody could appreciate the gravity of the

situation

D) there were reinforcement ready to be sent out

E) they would most certainly have done

something about it

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20. ---- that least affects the behaviour ofcompanies, investors, shoppers and workers.

A) The inflation rate has been reduced

B) The best inflation rate is the one

C) The article concerning inflation maintains

D) The price index has raised so muchcontroversy

E) The outcome of the recent economic reforms

has received much praise from the public

21. The new longer-acting drugs promise to protectasthma patients for up to 12 hours, ----.

A) even though medical authorities had been

concerned about the side effects

B) as long as the results of this research project

are confirmed within the month

C) so that they can sleep better at night

D) since the findings have not yet been

thoroughly studied

E) which could have proved to be a most

remarkable medical breakthrough

22. Before Freud shed light on dreams andextraordinary role of the subconscious ----.

A) the relationship between stress and dreams

would surely have been recognised

B) there are many who have grasped theirsignificance

C) many traditional ways of interpreting dreams

are being analysed

D) educated people often regarded dreams as

meaningless and pointless

E) many great writers still draw on the principles

of human psychology

23. Our first impression of the new director wasdistinctly favourable ----.

A) though we were sorry to see the old one go

B) unless his manner was more formal than we

were used to

C) however reluctant we are to go along with the

new policy

D) until the efficiency of his methods can be

established

E) that he was determined to restore the firm to

its former glory

24. ----, it was not long before they could resumebroadcasting.

A) If only their permit had been renewed

B) Once the fault in the system had been found

C) So long as the electrical supply remains stable

D) Since the maintenance team were on leaveE) However unwelcome the delay might be

1998 KASIM KPDS


1. As the decade ---- to wind down, Mark Morris ---- as our centurys youngest greatchoreographer.

A) has begun / had stood

B) will begin / is standing

C) was beginning / has stood

D) begins / stands

E) is beginning / has been standing

2. Of the many attempts that ---- to regulatelanguage one way or another, very few ----.

A) were made / had succeeded

B) have been made / have succeeded

C) are made / succeeded

D) could have been made / will succeed

E) are being made / may have succeeded

3. An acorn, left to itself becomes an oak, and ageneticist ---- its DNA to make it grow into anelm may justly be said ---- with its naturalcourse.

A) altering / to have interfered

B) having altered / to interfere

C) to alter / having interferedD) being altered / interfered

E) to have altered / to be interfering

4. In the past few months, our company director ---- more mettle than most industrialists ---- in anentire career.

A) had shown / have done

B) showed / would do

C) shows / did

D) was showing / may have done

E) has shown / do

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5. If they ---- what sort of a person he was, they ----him their support.

A) would know / didnt give

B) knew / wont give

C) had known / wouldnt have given

D) would have known / hadnt givenE) have known / havent given

6. I dont imagine he wrote the speech ---- but ----did so, certainly made a good job of it.

A) for them / whomsoever

B) of his / somebody

C) by him / they

D) himself / whoever

E) themselves / whichever

7. As ---- of our employees can afford cars of ----own, they all have to rely on public transport.

A) few / them

B) some / his

C) none / their

D) most / our

E) many / its

8. There are situations ---- the best way to heal thepatient is to help him die peacefully.

A) from whereB) in that

C) whence

D) for whom

E) in which

9. Hes certainly going to recommend that thechanges in the structure of the company beintroduced step by step, and ----.

A) so I am

B) so am I

C) so do I

D) I do, too

E) I also do

10. Do you really believe that the party programme---- it now stands, is democratic ---- to influencethe vote in our favour.

A) as / enough

B) since / also

C) where / as well

D) such as / too

E) that / even

11. Private investments play ---- important a part inthe countrys long-running economicexpansion ---- no government dares to increasetaxation on personal savings.

A) too / that

B) such / as

C) much / so

D) so / that

E) as / as

12. His proposals ---- the new social security policyseems more viable than any of the others.

A) by way of

B) due to

C) owing to

D) in case of

E) as regards

13. ---- the recent rise in unemployment largelyaffects eastern Germany, there is considerableunrest in western Germany, too.

A) Since

B) In case

C) Although

D) Unless

E) Until

14. ---- he was campaigning for re-election lastyear, he promised that ---- re-elected, he wouldundertake to restructure the party.

A) Wherever / lest

B) Because / while

C) As / since

D) While / unless

E) When / if

15. ---- the terms of the forthcoming tradeagreement, Japan wins parity ---- the UnitedStates.

A) Through / above

B) By / of

C) From / from

D) Under / with

E) After / over

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16. We have yet to take ---- consideration theproblem of how large future national armiesshould eventually be, regardless ---- theircurrent size.

A) onto / at

B) in / in

C) for / with

D) under / from

E) into / of

17-24. sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun ekildetamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

17. Before Freud shed light on dreams andextraordinary role of the subconscious, ----.

A) there are many who have grasped theirsignificance

B) educated people in particular regarded dreams

as meaningless and pointless

C) many traditional ways of interpreting dreams

are being analysed

D) the relationship between stress and dreams

would surely have been recognised

E) many great writers still draw on the principles

of human psychology

18. ---- until Thomas Paine published The CommonSense and sparked off the AmericanRevolution.

A) George Washington considered himself a loyal

British subject

B) Idealism hasnt often been a determining factor

C) Voltaires influence would have been more

pervasive,

D) That was a period of radical change in all

spheres

E) They were the people responsible for shaping

the national character of the United States

19. ---- that scientists are now sending out eprints instead of preprints of unpublishedarticles.

A) Prior to the internet, it was not possible

B) One change that the advent of the internet has

brought is

C) The internet has indeed opened many doors

D) The benefits of technology should not be

overrated

E) Among academics, technological advances

attract less attention

20. Though Hong Kong used to be one of theworlds most alluring shopping centres, ----.

A) competition seems to be growing even keener

B) this was no longer the case

C) it might have remained a fashionable holiday

resort

D) others did not share this opinion

E) it is now one of its most expensive

21. I would naturally have felt extremelydisappointed ----.

A) since he must have been by far the best

applicant

B) unless the competition has had very few

entrants

C) even though the two teams were

extraordinarily well matchedD) if they hadnt sent us an invitation to the

concert

E) as the first prize went to a racist author

22. The speaker from China has pointed out ----.

A) so that preserving agricultural land is his

governments primary economic policy

B) that terracing the soil is one conservation

method used widely in his country to control

erosionC) since urban renewal has completely changed

the look of the cities in his country

D) as regards the fact that a handful of industrial

nations monopolised deep sea fishing until the

early 1970s

E) while rich tropical forests are vanishing at the

rate of some 11 million hectares a year

23. The overall quality of life in todays worldcannot be improved ----.

A) just as population growth would strain the

global urban environment

B) while the underdeveloped countries were

ignored completely by international agencies

like the United Nations and the World Bank

C) as the population of that part of the world rose

from 800 million in 1960 to 1.2 billion in 1985

D) unless the developed countries are prepared

to offer a helping hand to the underdeveloped

E) whenever the OECD declines to support a

series of projects for the development of

poorer countries

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24. Some avalanches move no faster than 40kilometres per hour, ----.

A) while others have been estimated to have a

speed of about 300 kilometres per hour

B) even if the damage they did was minimal

compared with the destruction caused by

hurricanes and earthquakes

C) despite the fact that snow lying on a steep

slope is always liable to avalanche

D) for the wind sometimes reaches a force almost

equal to that of a tornado

E) so that in such areas measures may be taken

to prevent large avalanches

1999 MAYIS KPDS


1. They claim that their aim is to establish longterm cooperation ---- their customers, ---- abasis of partnership and mutual trust.

A) for / over

B) with / on

C) by / through

D) from / in

E) among / for

2. The collapse of Rome left ---- its wake a largevariety of ethnic communities ---- which modernEuropean states emerged.

A) before / of

B) at / through

C) over / by

D) in / from

E) within / with

3. Germanys weight in the European Union isknown, ---- what is not known, even to theGermans themselves, is ---- they are to use it.

A) but / how

B) in case / because

C) unless / why

D) lest / until

E) otherwise / where

4. Edward Gibbons great book The History of theDecline and Fall of the Roman Empire informsus ---- mankinds predilection for faction,augmented by environmental and culturaldifferences, is ---- determines history.

A) why / that

B) as / wherebyC) that / what

D) how / whoever

E) so that / whatever

5. It wont be easy to find a replacement for him,for ---- takes over is likely to meet the samefate.

A) what

B) which

C) whereverD) whoever

E) whichever

6. The majority of ---- are apprehensive about newcomputer programmes, until weve actuallytried them out for ----.

A) him / himself

B) us / ourselves

C) them / themselves

D) ours / usE) theirs / ours

7. Marxism ---- an important movement in Britaineven though it ---- its origin here.

A) would never have been / takes

B) had never been / would take

C) never was / has taken

D) would never be / would have taken

E) has never been / took

8. The history of the Venetian Republic ---- to anend in 1797 when Venice ---- over to Austria byNapoleon.

A) was coming / would have been handed

B) had come / has been handed

C) comes / had been handed

D) came / was handed

E) would come / was being handed

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9. More than half of the 850 asylum seekerscurrently detained in Britain ---- in prison withno right of appeal, even though the vastmajority ---- with any offence, let aloneconvicted.

A) were held / are not charged

B) are being held / have not been chargedC) have been held / would not be charged

D) being held / had not been charged

E) will be held / were not being charged

10. Over the past two decades, the Corsicans ----their idyllic island, which was wrested byFrance from the Genoese in 1768, ---- intoterrorism, corruption and economic decline.

A) have seen / sink

B) had seen / sank

C) saw / to sink

D) would have seen / had sunk

E) would see / had been sinking

11. For observers of international politics, March1998 ---- as a month when the worldssuperpower relations ---- a hopeful new turn.

A) will be remembered / may have taken

B) had been remembered / would have taken

C) may be remembered / took

D) has been remembered / would take

E) would be remembered / will have taken

12. Apparently, the talks held between the twogovernments concerning the prevention ofdrug-trafficking have not been constructive ----to produce any positive results.

A) just

B) as well

C) also

D) enough

E) so that

13. As far as I remember, it was in China that theyfirst met and got interested in the dam project, ----?

A) dont I

B) wasnt it

C) do I

D) was it

E) did they

14. The East European countries are stronglyconvinced that European Economic aid, ----welcome, is not a substitute for market accessand eventual membership of the EuropeanUnion.

A) just as

B) lestC) since

D) when

E) though

15. One gathers from the press that a largemajority of the people are not in favour of theimpeachment proceedings, and, frankly, Imnot, ----.

A) either

B) too

C) also

D) as well

E) even so

16. The fundamental problem for North Africa isthat the region has ---- people ---- the aridenvironment can support.

A) not only / but also

B) so many / that

C) such / as

D) more / than

E) as much / as


17. ---- that treatment policies suitable for one agegroup may not be justified in another.

A) A controversy immediately arose

B) The article has considerable originality

C) A recent study into cholesterol levels suggests

D) They had fully convinced

E) The implications were not at first realised

18. ---- how intimately and lastingly blacks hadaffected American life throughout history.

A) Thomas Jefferson, one of the leaders of the

American Revolution, had opposed

B) In his paper of slavery in America he

demonstrated with impeccable scholarship

C) Whites in America have always objected

D) In colonial America, Virginia was the largest

and most populous colony where

E) The American slaves, often subject to arbitrary

punishment, learned to be hypersensitive

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19. ----, but most of them dont see a doctorbecause they think its something they justhave to live with.

22. ----, the U. S. population, now 266 million, willincrease to 400 million by 2050.

A) Although the governments have encouraged

large families through tax reduction and

welfare subsidies

A) It was reported earlier in this decade that

about one third of all patients had received

treatment for impotenceB) Even though the growth rate has been among

the highest of the developed worldB) Over 200 thousand men have received propermedical treatment

C) If current trends continue, and they seem likely

to do soC) Impotence is something we have learned to

deal withD) Since the birth rate has now outgrown the

countrys agricultural capacityD) Urologists and other doctors have always been

concerned with impotenceE) Because stringent measures need to be

introduced to reverse population growthE) Impotence affects over ten million men

nationwide

23. The elderly gentleman sitting over there is anartist ----.

A) whose many articles about their commitmentto the cause of human welfare and happiness

in Africa would be controversial

20. Though free politics and free-marketeconomics go most happily together, ----.

A) no new aid would be approved for six months

B) that he shares the vision of young people for a

peaceful and prosperous world in the next

century

B) they could no longer blame the colonialists,

who had withdrawn from America two or three

decades before

C) whose work has been exhibited widely in many

countries in EuropeC) five years ago, dictatorships proclaiming

socialists policies prevailed in Africa

D) since his awards include gold and silver

medals presented by various organizationsD) one does not necessarily lead to the other, nor

guarantee its success

E) whereby he had unanimously been elected an

honorary member by the Society of ModernArts

E) Africans have shown that they want multi-party

democracy and are beginning to achieve it

21. The Nazi occupation of the Netherlands is bestknown to most of us through Anne Franksdiary, ----.

24. He pointed out that the issue was simply ----.

A) in case the surgery recommended was

approved by the medical boardA) even though another significant record of the

era was made by Dutch photographers, both

professional and amateurB) whether surgical intervention was right for this

particular patientB) while the Dutch government had banned the

publication of all newspapersC) when the patient has been admitted for an

emergency operationC) since most of the Jewish population in the

country were prepared to emigrate to theUnited States

D) to what extent the treatment recommended for

this particular patient has been successful

E) why the medical board is expected to refuse

his appointmentD) that her description of the atrocities committed

by the enemy has provided historians with

valuable details

E) when her parents had hidden her in the attic of

their house

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1999 KASIM KPDS


1. Fish farming in the world seems to be destined

to expand, but it is ---- early to predict the likelyextent of growth in this field.

A) as well

B) enough

C) too

D) as

E) so far

2. We are confident that the management and theworkforce will get on well together as long as ---- respects ----.

A) the other / another

B) both / itself

C) the one / another

D) everyone / themselves

E) each / the other

3. The term "aborigines" signifies the originalinhabitants of any country, ---- the native tribesof Australia.

A) with regard to

B) due to

C) in spite of

D) in particular

E) according to

4. Although the American writer Katherine AnnePorter used a variety of places ---- the setting ofher short stories and novels, she frequentlycame ---- to the scenes of her early days.

A) through / over

B) within / in

C) for / back

D) without / for

E) under / up

5. British TV is still stuck ---- a regulatorystructure designed ---- a bygone age.

A) off / within

B) up / in

C) away / by

D) through / over

E) with / for

6. In their discussions concerning the proposeddefence strategies, NATO diplomats found theycould not agree ---- what the alliance was ---- ,what weapons it would threaten to use and inwhat circumstances.

A) on / forB) about / into

C) with / over

D) by / about

E) before / through

7. Today the United States, still by far ----prosperous country in the world, is increasingits working hours ---- creating a more positivebalance between work and leisure time.

A) the more / as well as

B) most / in spite of

C) more / thanD) the most / instead of

E) the / just as

8. In developing new collective defence policies,America and her European allies will ---- bedrawn closer together ---- drift irreversiblyapart.

A) either / or

B) not only / but also

C) so / that

D) both / and

E) just as / so

9. The telephone is at the centre of innovativetechnologies ---- may alter forever ---- wereceive and use information.

A) which / but

B) so that / since

C) that / how

D) as / although

E) whereas / in case

10. The editor thought that the new series ofarticles would prove very popular, but actuallyhardly ---- seems to have been impressed by it.

A) nobody

B) anyone

C) the other

D) any other

E) somebody

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11. Originally the sonnet was an Italian poeticalform which attained great popularity in theRenaissance, and ---- it was natural, ---- notessential for Shakespeare and hiscontemporaries to use it.

A) hence / if

B) while / though

C) since / howeverD) furthermore / rather than

E) already / even

12. The report presents a general overview of theproblems that ---- when a disaster ---- nation.

A) would have been encountered / will hit

B) are encountered / will hit

C) have been encountered / had hit

D) had been encountered / was being hit

E) will be encountered / hits

13. The book of "a thousand and one nights" is acollection of fascinating tales of the Orient, ofMixed Indian, Persian, Arabic, and Egyptianorigination, and first ---- in Europe by AntoineGalland's French translation in the earlyeighteenth century.

A) having known

B) to know

C) to be known

D) made known

E) to be made known

14. There have been some art critics who ---- indepreciation of Van Gogh that he ---- adraughtsman all his life.

A) had maintained / has remained

B) have maintained / remained

C) were maintaining / had remained

D) maintained / would have remained

E) will maintain / remains

15. The Romanian Privatisation Authorityannounced last week that Renault of France ----

to be the sole bidder for a majority stake in thenational car company, Dacia, which ---- cheapcars for the domestic market.

A) would turn out / had made

B) has turned out / made

C) would have turned out / is making

D) is turning out / has made

E) might turn out / makes

16. At the Brussels meeting over the last weekendMadeleine Albright, The American secretary ofState, ---- her allies that future NATO missions ---- them further afield, but not all over the world.

A) assures / is taking

B) has assured / will have taken

C) assured / would take

D) had assured / took

E) was assuring / will take


17. Since these new printers weigh less than 900grams, ----.

A) they really deserve to be called portable

B) their performance is invariably admirable

C) most people have been misled by their price

D) they were readily available at all the best

retailers

E) the research team has already moved onto a

new project

18. ---- that he has exaggerated the problems of thehealth-care system, using misleadingarguments and deceptive statistics to supporthis case for reform.

A) He was being interviewed by a group of

journalists

B) Many experts and policy makers believe

C) This is an extremely radical suggestionD) Under the present circumstances most people

are encouraged

E) The report ignored the leading question

19. Many Egypts ruins are unfortunately beingdestroyed by the very people ----.

A) whose living habits had been depicted in the

monuments

B) that actually arent trained conservationists

C) who will ask for international funding

D) that is the result of faculty renovation

E) who were hired to fix them

20. Unless the Central European countries cankeep their labour costs at this level, ----.

A) exports are already starting to drop

B) they havent been able to compete with

Western Europe

C) unrest in these countries would have been

unavoidable

D) the finished products will have to go up in price

E) a firm control of distribution and sales has not

proved adequate

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21. While businesses and stores have started toperform well and make profits, ----.

A) only a crack in the stock market was to be

feared

B) inflation and unemployment have been held in

check

C) the economy ought to be able to withstand arecession

D) the Euro currency could stand up to so much

criticism

E) fiscal transfers across European nation states

were of minimal importance

22. ---- , there will be a notable decrease in theprofits of most businesses.

A) If people start to spend less and save more

B) However efficiently the inflation was curbed

C) Had these reasonable measures been

introduced earlierD) Before the financial situation could be fully

understood

E) Though the leading economists had started to

grow more hopeful

23. The changes in the legal system are finallybeing regarded with approval ----.

A) whenever there is a series of unsolved crimes

B) until another wave of crime spread across the

country

C) because recently there has been a definite

decline in the crime rateD) while the police force itself is dubious about it

E) as if there could have been some other

feasible alternative

24. A new generation of business leaders iscoming to the fore, ----.

A) whether the state continues to meddle in

corporate affairs

B) whose methods are more vital, more

international and more aggressive

C) who aimed to impress international investors

D) which was realistic about the importance of

economic growth

E) so that they work to gratify not politicians but

their own shareholders

11


13/49


2000 MAYIS KPDS


1. He ---- that the forests ---- to their natural

inhabitants, that is, to all varieties of livingthings.

A) suggests / be returned

B) suggested / to be returned

C) has suggested / to have been returned

D) had suggested / are being returned

E) would have suggested / return

2. With the help of satellite images, theIndonesian government ---- that it is the timbercompanies which ---- the mass destruction oftheir rain forests.

A) will show / would have caused

B) would have shown / had caused

C) had shown / were causing

D) shows / had been causing

E) has shown / are causing

3. By the late 1980s, a surge of prosperity ----across southeast Asia, but in some countries ofthe region the economic structure ----sufficiently to the benefit from this trend.

A) would sweep / could not have developed

B) would have swept / has not developed

C) was sweeping / had not developed

D) has swept / was not developed

E) could have swept / was not developing

4. The ridicule that ---- upon him by leadingscientists of the day ---- to the novelty of histhinking.

A) is being heaped / would testify

B) has been heaped / testified

C) had heaped / has testified

D) was heaping / had testified

E) was heaped / testifies

5. When I ---- as a fully licensed geneticist in 1961,I thought I knew everything there was ---- aboutgenetics.

A) had been graduated / to be known

B) graduated / to know

C) was graduated / to have known

D) have been graduated / known

E) have graduated / to have been known

6. Perhaps these people are ---- ignorant to realize---- serious a threat these fertilizers are to theirhealth.

A) more / than

B) so / why

C) as much / as

D) too / just how

E) not only / but also

7. I would have thought that only ---- naive workercould be deceived by ---- assurances.

A) the more / neither

B) a most / each

C) the most / such

D) a much / any

E) most / same

8. The motive was ---- aesthetic and social ---- theysought to bring good design within the reach ofthe ordinary man.

A) so / in that

B) both / because

C) just as / that

D) as much / as

E) too / therefore

9. He said I was submitting my application formrather late. But now I find ---- have still notsubmitted ----.

A) most / their

B) none / any

C) many / it

D) others / theirs

E) a few / these

10. In order to understand the implications ofresearch ---- brain development one has tomake a systematic study ---- what childrenknow.

A) on / into

B) for / by

C) through / beyond

D) over / at

E) after / before

11. The arrival of Europeans in America dislocatedtraditional ways of life and altered the world ----recognition.

A) for

B) beyond

C) at

D) off

E) from

12


14/49


12. I sent an e-mail to everyone in the department,asking for articles for this special issue, but ----there has been no response.

A) so long

B) on time

C) until then

D) even later

E) so far

13. The crisis is particularly serious ---- a wholeseries of related issues ranging fromunemployment to health benefits are involved.

A) so as

B) as well as

C) in order that

D) as for

E) since

14. He felt that soil drainage should be kept to aminimum ---- much of the rainfall could beretained ---- soil moisture.

A) so that / as

B) even though / such as

C) whereas / like

D) whereby / such

E) whether / or

15. If we are to prevent the flow of toxic materialsinto the water reservoirs of the country, there isno other possible scheme available, ----?

A) isn't it

B) aren't we

C) is there

D) isn't there

E) are we

16. It looks ---- the hiring committee isn't impressedby his qualifications, and I don't think themanager of the company is, ----.

A) like / also

B) as if / either

C) so that / as well

D) though / too

E) just as / neither


17. Unless they promise to use some of the moneyto improve career prospects for youngscientists, ----.

A) the issue under discussion has been droppedB) there were a number of things we had to take

into account

C) no one else thought of opposing the scheme

D) the money left over from donations could be

included

E) we feel we cannot give our support to the

campaign

18. ---- , Japanese firms moved the more intensivephases of their production process to cheaplabour sites in East Asia.

A) As production cost in Japan had becomeexcessive

B) Unless the working day is kept at eight hours

C) Once the trade unions in Japan have won a

few more victories

D) So long as a reduction in costs remains the

primary goal

E) If interest rates in Japan had remained high

19. Since some food products lose popularityrather quickly, ----.

A) the best age group to aim at would

undoubtedly have been teenagersB) many such companies actually want bankrupt

C) the industry has constantly to be ready with

fresh ideas

D) in the end it was the need for collective

bargaining that was understood

E) the job didn't offer him anything interesting

20. Though the construction of a bridge across theriver would doubtless prove popular, ----.

A) the technology to be transferred is quite

suitable

B) eight councils would have been committed to

arrange it

C) similar designs are on view everywhere

D) it will not be easy to raise enough money to do

it

E) it is a German-Japanese consortium that gives

the orders

13


15/49


21. ----, a committee will be set up to determine justhow to turn the museum into private non-profitcorporation.

A) As long as there were no rival claims

B) As soon as the board has approved the project

C) However much disappointment it would have

caused them

D) If such a crisis could have been avoided

E) Whoever managed to deceive you

22. ---- , their environmental consequences are verydisturbing.

A) Whatever high-yielding variety of wheat is

recommended

B) Because traditional Indian food is of high

nutritive value

C) Though artificial fertilizers ensure high crop-

yields

D) Since new agricultural policies have beenintroduced by the government

E) However costly the construction of new

irrigation systems may have been

23. ---- that the first women's college was foundedin England as early as 1849.

A) To be fair, what I recommended was

B) I wouldn't have been at all impressed

C) It was owing to the ceaseless efforts of Mrs

Raid

D) Victoria had been queen for twelve years

E) He showed little interest

24. ---- we review our recruitment procedures.

A) As long as the problem received adequate

recognition

B) Such a problem can not be ignored

C) Even though it was becoming increasingly

obvious

D) What I would recommend is that

E) In case they were disappointed with the new

manager's performance.

14


16/49


2000 KASIM KPDS


1. Infectious diseases are those which are caused

---- an invasion of the body ---- organisms fromoutside.

A) through / with

B) by / by

C) over / through

D) in / without

E) upon / within

2. I did manage to keep my temper but I couldn'trefrain ---- pointing ---- that what he had donewas wrong.

A) in / at

B) at / to

C) by / away

D) for / off

E) from / out

3. It ---- a mistake to think that all bacteria areharmful, for, without some species, we ---- forlong.

A) is / had not survived

B) would be / could not survive

C) will be / have not survived

D) has been / would not have survived

E) had been / did not survive

4. Over the last few years, consumer interest inorganic agriculture ---- up dramatically, anddemand ---- currently ahead of supply.

A) has shot / is

B) shot / was

C) had shot / had been

D) is shooting / has been

E) was shooting / would be

5. Orwell ---- at that moment that when the whiteman ---- tyrant it is his own freedom that hedestroys.

A) perceived / would turn

B) has perceived / turned

C) had perceived / has turned

D) would perceive / will turn

E) perceived / turns

6. Thesiger's passionate belief that traditionalsocieties around the world ---- against themodern onslaught ---- fierce criticism.

A) were protected / will attract

B) have been protected / had attractedC) are being protected / was attracting

D) ought to be protected / has attracted

E) would have been protected / would attract

7. All the reports ---- handed in last week, butsome of them still ---- me.

A) should have been / haven't reached

B) were / didn't reach

C) have been / won't reach

D) had been / didn't reach

E) would have been / don't reach

8. David Dickinsons new play is a fairy-taleromance, ---- a pregnant woman searches forthe father of her child during a torrentialrainstorm.

A) who

B) by whom

C) that

D) in which

E) whose

9. The true ecologist need not be a specialist atall, ---- his views should reflect the practicalwisdom of ordinary people.

A) for

B) where

C) whether

D) in case

E) that

10. ---- half of the budget of the US NationalInstitute on Ageing is spent on research intoAlzheimers disease.

A) As much as

B) More of

C) Rather than

D) Other

E) The most

15


17/49


11. Great natural disasters cause ---- widespreaddeath ---- massive social disruption andoutbreaks of epidemic disease.

A) much / as

B) so much / that

C) not only / but also

D) as / as

E) no sooner / than

12. Though they had ---- government backing ---- apotential home market, the company pouredbillions of dollars into the project and losteverything.

A) with / less

B) neither / nor

C) some / any

D) no / without

E) few / more

13. More importantly, Dobson's book is a reminderof ---- powerful and radical green thinking canbe.

A) ever so

B) how far

C) wherever

D) much more

E) just how

14. You didn't have to invite all those people out forlunch, so why ----?

A) didn't you

B) did you

C) have you

D) haven't you

E) don't you

15. This poem is generally supposed ---- in thefifteenth century, but some people date it evenearlier.

A) being composed

B) to be composed

C) having been composed

D) to have composed

E) to have been composed

16. The failure so far to produce evidence of life onany planet but ---- has given continued strengthto the belief in the uniqueness of Earth.

A) us

B) their

C) ours

D) our

E) them


17. ---- a greet many alarming theories are sure tospring to the fore.

A) Before the truth had been verified

B) Even though his death had almost certainly

been from natural causes

C) If several perfectly natural explanations had

been put forward

D) Whenever there are anonymous terrorist

attacks

E) As soon as this admittedly unpleasant incident

got forgotten

18. ---- I would never have felt the need to readthem.

A) Whichever of these modern plays he maydecide to direct

B) Unless some books on the care of house

plants are given to me as a present

C) However many cookery books my husband

may care to give me

D) Until I saw him intently reading those sermons

E) If she had not written so enthusiastically about

the diaries of Scott of the Antarctica

19. ---- she did not turn seriously to writing untilafter her husband's death in 1883.

A) Although Kate Chopin had previously

contemplated a literary career

B) Since Kate Chopin had been thinking about a

literary career

C) As far as Kate Chopin's interest in literature

was concerned

D) Once Kate Chopin had decided to live the rest

of her life in New Orleans

E) However much interest Kate Chopin's short

stories have aroused

16


18/49


24. Though the word "democracy" is often used, ----.

20. In 1922 Hemingway settled in Paris ----.

A) whether he would be awarded the Nobel Prize

in Literature in 1954

B) if the life of a journalist hadn't attracted him

even more than the life of a novelist

C) that he wrote stories and novels about theAmericans living there just as Henry James

had done

D) since he soon gave up journalism for fiction

E) where he moved in a circle of American

expatriates that included Ezra Pound and

Scott Fitzgerald

21. Since Samaranch assumed leadership of theInternational Olympic Committee, ----.

A) any disagreements at meetings had been

leaked to the pressB) he has done much to raise the prestige of the

Games

C) his policies conflicted with the principles of the

ancient Olympics

D) the present situation concerning the 2002

Games calls for urgent action

E) this was the first time he talked about his

resignation

22. Since the cleaning up of the pollution of theseas is so expensive, ----.

A) the project had progressed as expected

B) large corporations would offer contributions

C) the question of liability inevitably arises

D) excessive care provided the answer

E) the final result has still to be analysed

23. ---- that his play The CrucibIe was a cry ofprotest against the anti-Communist zealotry ofthe McCarthy era.

A) Arthur Miller had been seriously

misunderstood

B) Among the modern American dramatists it was

Arthur Miller

C) Arthur Miller himself always maintained

D) Arthur Miller has been widely read

E) As far as Arthur Miller is concerned

A) they are basically quite different from each

other

B) we had agreed on a definition

C) majority rule and minority rights went back

even further

D) it means different things to different people

E) it has been argued that democracy and an

advanced level of civilisation go together

17


19/49


2001 MAYIS KPDS


1. The problem with antiseptics is that ---- killing

germs they ---- kill the surrounding tissues.A) far / from

B) so far as / too

C) as much as / both

D) besides / as well

E) as well as / also

2. Beethovens seventeen string quartettes hold ---- the same position in chamber music ---- hissymphonies hold in the orchestral repertoire.

A) as / that

B) much / as

C) quite / whether

D) just / what

E) thus / than

3. Post offices don't have enough space to cope ---- the tremendous increase ---- demand for POboxes.

A) with / in

B) on / of

C) up / for

D) for / upon

E) through / from

4. Even prior to the 1930's, Swedish banks playedan important role ---- the financing ---- long-termindustrial projects.

A) at / for

B) for / in

C) in / of

D) by / with

E) into / over

5. In Belgium, compensation ---- accidents at workand occupational illness is exclusively the

concern ---- employers.A) over / from

B) in / by

C) from/ for

D) for / of

E) at / over

6. More than ---- invention of the last eighty yearsor so, television has been the most harmful tofamily life.

A) some other

B) another

C) the otherD) any more

E) any other

7. Our sales are down again this month, ----.

A) and they also are

B) and so are theirs

C) and neither are theirs

D) but theirs aren't eitherE) but they are too

8. Several important ports, ---- export timber, aresituated on the shores of the White Sea.

A) most of which

B) that many of them

C) those which

D) whichever of them

E) of which they

9. Once the occupying forces ----, many seeminglyinnocent people were accused of ---- with theenemy.

A) were leaving / to have been collaborated

B) were leaving / to have been collaborated

C) have left / being collaborating

D) will leave / collaborating

E) had left / having collaborating

10. Although the metropolitan theatres ---- amonopoly there for a long time, recently severalprivate theatres ----.

A) would hold / are being openedB) had hold / had been opened

C) were holding / will be opened

D) held / have been opened

E) have held / were opened

11. In 1906 at Boazky several thousandcuneiform tablets ---- and most of them ---- nowon exhibit in the Anatolian civilizationsmuseum in Ankara.

A) have been discovered / were

B) were discovered / are

C) have been discovered / had beenD) would have been discovered / are being

E) had discovered / have been

12. One oil company in particular claims ---- itsbeast to balance economic progress withenvironmental care and social responsibility.

A) to be done

B) having done

C) doing

D) having been done

E) to have to

18


20/49


13. Had it not been for the variety and flexibility ofits trades, Huddersfield, like so many of theother textile towns, ---- into a decline in the 20thcentury.

A) was going

B) had gone

C) would have gone

D) would go

E) had been gone

14. ---- the letters written by so many parents, theheadmaster agreed not to expel the boys.

A) In response to

B) With reference to

C) In case of

D) Apart from

E) Pertaining to

15. Henry VII's foreign policy was unheroic andunspectacular, ---- did he go to war and thatwas when he invaded France.

A) this once

B) never before

C) once again

D) only once

E) once more

16. Bennett's novel the old Wives's Tale is the one ---- he is likely to be best known by posterity.

A) whose

B) for whom

C) by which

D) in which

E) that


17. Iron deficiency is one of the commonest causesof anaemia ----.

A) since even in a good diet the supply of iron is

only just adequate.

B) why adolescents outgrow their stones of iron

C) which would result in brittle nails

D) though new ways of treating pernicious

anaemia were soon introduced

E) as numerous iron preparation are available for

treatment

18. Pharmaceutical companies are unlikely todevelop a vaccine for an uncommon diseaselike leprosy ----.

A) how early diagnosis could help

B) so that pressure would be put on them

C) if the choice had been given to them

D) until the various charities were informed

E) that can be treated with drugs

19. At concert halls, the centre of the stage isincreasingly being taken over bypercussionists ----.

A) who were trying out a wide range of new

instruments

B) that there is now a vast array of instruments

C) whose performance showed amazing virtuosity

D) who used to stand at the back of the orchestra

tapping out the rhythm

E) so that a great range of new musical soundwas being developed

20. Unless a country can establish the fact that itseconomy is sound, ----.

A) only the very rich have risked their money

there

B) the world's public and private lenders alike

refuse to extent bonds

C) trade-agreements were rarely made in its

favour

D) the industrial projects there did not receive

adequate backingE) even an abundance of mineral resources could

not have saved the situation

21. Because a relatively high proportion of breed isincluded in the daily food intake of mostpeoples, ----.

A) the main ingredients have always been flour

and yeast

B) it would be subsidised in many countries

C) there are several other methods of producing it

D) different shapes were being evolved to provide

some varietyE) it is of considerable importance from the point

of view of diet

22. The authorities intensified their investigationsinto the smuggling of nuclear material ----.

A) that the police had received a tip-off to this

effect

B) until they found evidence of radioactivity

C) immediately after the radioactive plates were

found

D) if any other explanation could be found

E) even if there have been several cases of

attempted plutonium trading

19


21/49


23. If aluminium is used in place of steel in bridgeconstruction, ----.

A) this would be especially suitable in long-span

bridges

B) resistance to atmospheric corrosion had been

better

C) there would have been a reduction inmaintenance costs

D) erection and foundation costs will be lower

E) there has been a considerable increase in the

safe volume of traffic

24. ----, so the introduction of metalworking madetrade with the outside world inevitable.

A) Compared with those of the iron age, stone

age tools were very primitive

B) Many ones, such as copper and tin are not

found in all countries

C) The "bronze age" is a term used in prehistoricarchaeology

D) The chemical processes involved in the

smelting of ones were not as complicated

E) subsequently the knowledge of metalworking

must have spread among the less advanced

communities around

2001 Kasm KPDS


1. Julius Caesar ---- a great historian if the makingof history ---- him the time and the inclination towrite it.

A) could be / could have allowed

B) will have been/allowed

C) had been / would have allowed

D) would have been / could allow

E) would have been / had allowed

2. Early in 1940 when Europe was already at war,Hitler----the sale of uranium from the Czechmines he ----over.

A) has banned / has taken

B) had banned / took

C) banned / had taken

D) was banned / was taking

E) was banning / had been taking

3. Physics as it----at the end of the nineteenthcentury, ---- to as classical physics.

A) has been known / might be referred

B) will be known / has been

C) had been known / had been referred

D) was known / is referred

E) might have been known / was referred

4. Sometimes people select certain foods thatthey believe ---- their physical appearance andavoid those they believe----detrimental.

A) have improved/would have been

B) are improving / were

C) improve / might be

D) had improved / had been

E) would have improved / have been

5. Much health education in recent years ----towards the view that the heavy drinker----asubject for amusement or censure but forpractical help.

A) has been directed/is not

B) had been directed / was not

C) was being directed / wouldn't be

D) was directed / won't be

E) is being directed / hasn't been

6. ---- the past few decades South Korea, Taiwan,Singapore and Hong Kong have achieved thefastest rates ----economic growth the world has

ever seen.

A) Within / at B) During / of C) After / in

D) Before / over E) Over / about

7. Galileo originated the method of controlledexperiment ---- now forms the basis of scientificinvestigation.

A) what B) who C) whose

D) whom E) which

8. Some anthropologists think that man today is ---- honest ---- he was hundreds and thousandsof years ago.

A) such / as B) the less / than

C) the least / of D) little / as

E) less / than

9. Few things ---- unnerved the Spanishconquerors of the New World ---- the prospectof death on an Aztec sacrificial stone.

A) as / as B) so / as

C) not only / but also D) neither / nor

E) such / that

20


22/49


10. The great bulk of industrial work nowadaysinvolves the use of machines, and it is certainthat mechanisation will proceed ---- in thefuture.

A) besides B) on the other hand

C) further still D) ever since

E) just as

11. The works of the ancient Greek physicianHippocrates commonly known as theHippocratic Collection, consist ---- about 70works, ---- which only a relatively small numberare possibly by him.

A) of / of B) in / for C) for / in

D) on / about E) by / within

12. Till the eighteenth century comparativelinguistic studies did not progress ---- beyond

the stage where ancient Greek and Romangrammarians had left them.

A) so much as B) too much C) either

D) very much E) just in case

13. Diesel engines are more efficient than gasolineengines ---- the fact that a larger proportion ofthe fuel used is burned.

A) consequently B) following C) owing to

D) contrary to E) in order that

14. ---- the computerised Dutch auction system, theflower industry gets flowers into our homeswhen they are still --- their best.

A) Under / at B) At / in C) From / with

D) Till / to E) Within / for

15. It is unusual for advertising campaigns----evenbefore the new products----onto the market.

A) to have been launched / have come

B) being launched/are going to come

C) to be launched / come

D) having been launched / are comingE) to have launched / will have come

16. Let's take the ferry to Bandrma from where it'sonly a short drive to Bursa, ---- driving all theway from Istanbul to Bursa.A) in addition to B) more than C) besides

D) instead of E) except for

17.-24. sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygunekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

17. As biologists continue to studyinterrelationships of the living systems thatinhabit our planet, ----.

A) metabolic reactions occur continuously in

every living organism

B) an expanding human population and increased

consumer demand for energy, homes and

highways are causing the rapid destruction of

vital ecosystems

C) energy is required to maintain the precise

order that characterises ecosystems

D) research in molecular biology and genetics

has caused new insights into disease

processes

E) they enhance our awareness of our impact on

the environment

18. ---, it should not be assumed that a theory is"proved" by testing.

A) Where as many people think of science as a

mechanical process of collecting facts and

devising theories

B) Although the testing of theories is a

distinguishing feature of science

C) Because physics is one of the major branches

of science

D) When the history of science tells us that long-

held theories are replaced by new ones

E) In so far as the careful carrying out of

experiments is a crucial part of scientific

activity

19. Whenever we pick up a newspaper or turn onthe television, ----.

A) there are, of course numerous non-economic

forces that determine and mould our decision

making processes

B) there are clear lines of demarcation between

economics and politics

C) it is natural that economics constitutes a

significant percentage of our media coverageD) generally politics is described as the heart of

government and, as such, is seriously

concerned with economics

E) we are likely to be bombarded with facts and

figures on such subjects as pollution,

unemployment and inflation

21


23/49


20. ---- when some groups of the populationbecome wealthier while others become poorer.

A) Consumption will depend partly on the reel

wealth of individuals

B) A higher standard of living is enjoyed by all

C) Income distribution becomes more unequal

D) Practically all the income transferred to thepoor will be spent on necessities

E) Inflation has affected all members of a society

21. ----, the current flows steadily in one direction,and this is called direct current.

A) When a battery is connected to a circuit

B) Though the electric plugs have still to be

checked

C) As electrical energy can easily be transformed

into other forms of energy

D) Whenever the supply of electricity to homes

and factories is cut offE) Since the electric wiring has been specially

designed to carry heavy loads

22. Unless he gives people a chance to get to knowhim better, ----.

A) he would have been misunderstood by

everyone in the company

B) he won't collect enough support to win the

election

C) everybody got dissatisfied, and it showed in

their work

D) taking over the job of a much - loved and

highly respected manager is not at all easy

E) his proposal actually wasn't either particularly

original or even feasible

23. The doctor has prescribed some new pills ----.

A) which really do bring relief from pain

B) if we could have afforded them

C) although she requires them regularly

D) why the others had ceased to be effective

E) that had just come onto the market

24. People sometimes wonder ----.

A) since the richest sources of vitamin A are

foods of animal origin such as liver, fish oil,

milk and eggs

B) in case a shortage of vitamin A was not the

main problem

C) that, in the typical Western diet, about half of

the vitamin A intake is from vegetables and

fruits

D) if the eating of liver too frequently can cause

vitamin A toxicity

E) just as most foods with vitamin A activity orbrightly coloured, often yellow or orange

2002 Mays KPDS


1. He insisted that mountaineering ----- a sport for

him, but a passion that ----- his whole life.A) hadn't been / would dominate

B) isn't / has dominated

C) hasn't been / is dominating

D) wouldn't be / is dominating

E) wasn't / had dominated

2. The judges of the international tribunal at TheHague -----, on 1st February 2002, that chargesrelating to all three wars ----- together.

A) would agree / had been heard

B) have agreed / have been heard

C) were agreed / will be heardD) agreed / would be heard

E) had agreed / were heard

3. When he moved from Ethiopia where he -----, toEngland, his experiences ----- quite unlike thoseof his contemporaries at school.

A) had been born / were

B) is born / will be

C) would be born / would be

D) has been born / are

E) was born/ will be

4. It's not considered safe to leave your computeron when you are not in the office, so you -----do so.

A) don't have to

B) mustn't

C) needn't

D) haven't got to

E) don't need to

5. If she ----- to the interview in a more positive

state of mind, she ----- a better impression.A) will go / would make

B) goes / has made

C) had gone / might have made

D) would go / had made

E) has gone / makes

6. The traditional idea that Asia was the cradle -----primeval man has had to be modified ----- thelight of the discovery of human fossils of greatantiquity in Africa.

A) to / over B) for / from

C) by / under D) from/withinE) of/in

22


24/49


7. Naturally I was rather disappointed ----- theresults of the experiment, but actually I wasn'treally surprised ----- them.

A) by/to B) over/for

C) for/by D) with/at

E) of/with

8. When the personnel manager announced thateverybody had to do overtime because theywere ----- schedule, this caused a great deal ofill will ----- the staff.

A) near/for

B) off/in

C) back / from

D) below / between

E) behind / among

9. Little is known about life on the ocean floor -----

scientists have only recently developed thetechnology for exploring it.

A) yet

B) as

C) though

D) whereas

E) while

10. Of the company's three accountants, only oneis useful; ----- deserve to be sent away.

A) they both

B) all the others

C) both the othersD) each one

E) each of them

11. The young sociologist ----- article waspublished in the "National Geographic" hadtravelled 1700 miles across Australia's westernwilderness.

A) whose

B) who

C) that

D) which

E) whom

12. The impression I got was that the director hascompletely given up ----- hopes he may at onetime have cherished.

A) as many

B) such

C) every

D) any

E) so many

13. The evolution of a parliamentary democracy ----- came about over a long period of time and -----then the process was a rough one.

A) simply / as

B) only / even

C) hardly / since

D) just / up to

E) really / so

14. The post is mine ----- I agree to stay with thefirm for at least three years.

A) in case

B) conditionally

C) if

D) whether

E) accordingly

15. They are in no way responsible; we must face

the fact that we have only ----- to blame.

A) itself

B) ours

C) them

D) themselves

E) ourselves

16. The micro air vehicles they are working on are ----- small that it will be almost impossible todetect them with radar.

A) too

B) as

C) such

D) so

E) more

17.-24. sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun ekildetamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

17. Some large-scale manufacturers have retailshops of their own -----.

A) where consumer buying can be studied atclose quarters

B) as if the true cost of advertising became more

difficult to assess

C) before a new product is sold all over the

country

D) unless some firms carry out regular surveys

throughout the region

E) though sometimes the advice of an agency

was sought on the packaging of the article

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23. Though every industrial development project isa potential source of pollution -----.

18. Kerrich carried out exhaustive experiments inprobability -----.

A) air pollution would clearly have been the most

dangerous of all

A) until the coin has been tossed a thousand

times

B) this didn't mean that industrial development

had to be radically reduced

B) if he had been arrested when the Germans

invaded Denmark

C) careful advance planning can minimize thatpollution and its effects on the population

C) whether the coin toss is truly randomD) while he was interned in a camp in Jutland for

the duration of the war D) such benefits as reductions in crop losses

would help to offset the costs of pollution

control

E) that he has been acclaimed as one of South

Africa's leading mathematicians

E) the dangers of pollution are everywhere

recognized19. The manual workers in the automobile factory

are threatening to go on strike -----.

A) if they do not receive an adequate pay rise

B) after their pay claim is granted

C) that working conditions are not improving fast

enough24. ----- that basic evolutionary processes in the

future will differ substantially from those in the

past.D) even if the union hadn't offered any supportA) The breaking up of habitats will create

populationsE) which is due to start next week

B) Nobody had thought to ask themselves

C) They are carrying out a study of island

biogeography

20. The evacuation of the World Trade Centertowers might have been easier -----.

A) unless some of the steel columns had been

heated beyond their melting pointD) There is no reason whatsoever to assume

E) The argument was further supportedB) since in some places stairways are required to

be in different corners of tall buildings

C) if the multiple stairways had not all been in the

central core of the building

D) so long as effective fire-proofing had been

installed

E) after so many of the offices had already been

vacated

21. After he had learned my side of the story fromMolly, -----.

A) his apologies are obviously worthless

B) he phoned me to apologize for his attitude

C) I don't even want to listen to his apologies

D) he's still too proud to admit he behaved badly

E) it will obviously be better to forget all about it

22. Despite the great concern for leadership andthe large volume of writings about it, -----.

A) leadership is a topic of interest to many people

B) this is hardly a comprehensive definition

C) it was too vigorous a definition and didn't

reflect the common sense notion of the term

D) older children would actually follow his lead

E) there is relatively little agreement about what it

is or how it functions

24


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2002 Kasm KPDS


1. The members of the special commission oncrime, some of ----- were appointed by themayor, still meet on a regular basis.

A) that

B) whose

C) whom

D) who

E) which

2. ----- the Civil War, those years turned out to bea golden era for the magazine industry.

A) Despite

B) Obviously

C) AlthoughD) Pertaining to

E) Nevertheless

3. Unfortunately, ----- stamping out the drugs'trade, these programmes are simply forcingdrug growers to move into more inaccessibleregions.

A) besides

B) rather than

C) in addition to

D) due to

E) as for

4. Indeed, the situation is such that the chairmanhas finally promised to implement ----- thecommittee recommends.

A) whoever

B) however

C) if ever

D) as ever

E) whatever

5. Unfortunately, ----- current productivity growthlooks impressive, the rise in profits over thecoming years is likely to prove disappointing.

A) since

B) just as

C) even though

D) if

E) which

6. The biggest accounting issue raised ---- theenergy company is ----- accounting standards.

A) by / over

B) to / to

C) for / under

D) through / within

E) from / into

7. Crying, which starts ----- birth, is an alarmsystem that attracts the parent and it can beswitched off ----- parental attention.

A) with / after

B) at / by

C) for / with

D) from / for

E) by / through

8. Since 1998, the US federal government hasmore than doubled its spending ---- defence -----biological and chemical weapons.

A) for / with

B) of / to

C) on / against

D) in / from

E) with / over

9. Items ------ display in this museum wereobtained ----- mosques, Turkish baths,fountains and caravansarays dating back to theOttoman period.

A) on / from

B) in / by

C) for / out of

D) within / of

E) with / at

10. Following four Mars mission losses, anindependent report paints a very clear pictureof ----- what ails the US space programme, -----what must be done to fix it

A) whether / though

B) either / or

C) how/and\

D) thus/that

E) not only / but also

11. Basically a country has two objectives in

imposing tariffs; one is to raise revenue forgovernment, ----- is to protect home industriesby raising the price of competing goods fromabroad.

A) other

B) both

C) another

D) the other

E) each

25


27/49


12. This part of Africa is growing greener again -----that families who fled to wetter coastal regionsare starting to go home.

A) so far

B) to such an extent

C) even so

D) as a result

E) even more

13. While the parades for the opening of parliament-----, the president ----- a sobering message forhis countrymen.

A) had rehearsed / prepared

B) have been rehearsed / has prepared

C) were being rehearsed / was preparing

D) are rehearsing / is preparing

E) had been rehearsed / would prepare

14. Though we still ----- a long way to go, a lot -----in developing new medical procedures to dealwith diseased tissue.

A) had had / had been accomplished

B) had / has been accomplished

C) have had / was accomplished

D) are having / was being accomplished

E) have / is being accomplished

15. Soon, customs officers ----- to use X-raytechnology ----- cavities in vehicles for drugs.

A) have been able / having scanned

B) are able / scanning

C) were able / to be scanned

D) will be able /to scan

E) would have been able / to have scanned

16. As acquisition opportunities within the EU -----less, western European energy companies -----to turn eastwards in the hunt for expansionopportunities.

A) grow / are being forced

B) will grow / would have been forced

C) are growing / would be forced

D) have grown / had been forced

E) grew / have been forced

17. If Britain ----- the euro, say in 2004, the stabilitypact ----- highly important.

A) will be joining / is becoming

B) has joined / will have become

C) will have joined / will become

D) would join / has become

E) were to join / would become

18. Whatever else ----- the British empire for solong, it was not Britain's education system.

A) was sustained

B) has sustained

C) sustains

D) sustained

E) to have sustained

19.- 28. sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygunekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

19. ----- despite the claim of his lawyers that hisstatements had been made under "highlycoercive conditions".

A) John Walker refused to reveal the secrets of

his life in Afghanistan

B) The American Taliban, John Walker, had been

denied bail by the courtC) John Walker, the American Taliban, came

from a humble background

D) John Walker was indicted by a federal grand

jury

E) John Walker played a leading role in Taliban

activities

20. Though some scholars argue that -----, otherssay that the beginning of the 15th century sawits real rise.

A) by the latter part of the 12th century most of

the literary conventions of Urdu literature havealready been well established

B) the 12th century was the time of the great

religious movements in India

C) Urdu literature dates back to the 12th century

D) most of the literary writings in India in the 12th

century consisted of religious tracts and

allegories

E) most Urdu poets in the 12th century turned to

romances and narratives of heroic deeds

21. -----, to whom they report.

A) A growing body of evidence does indeedsuggestthat Enron was a case of badmanagement

B) In theorya company's auditors areappointed independently by itsshareholders

C) The Enron fiasco has shown that ail is not wellwith the governance of many big American

companies

D) Harvey Pitt has been appointed the new

chairman of the Securities and Exchange

Commission in the USE) In Congress, politicians are engaged in an

investigation of Enron's managers

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26. Environmentalists are not often fond of dams -----.

22. ------ where they ate mosquito larvae and sohelped prevent malaria.

A) British engineers regarded these canals as

"dead rivers"

B) The people of Bengal still talk of digging

canals across the Ganges delta

C) Indeed irrigation gave a much-needed boost todeclining agricultural production

D) The dam prevents ail silt from flowing

downstream

E) The flood waters even brought fish into thefields

23. Though coral reefs are among the richestecosystems on the planet, -.

A) they grow in crystal-clear waters that contain

hardly any nutrients

B) nutrient uptake is closely related to the degree

of movement in the seaC) the rough surfaces are what make this

possible

D) they are also skilled at recycling

E) changes in turbulence accurately predictedthe rate of nutrient uptake

24. -----, there just wasn't enough evidence toconvict him.

A) If the trial had been postponed to a later date

B) Since almost nothing the accused himself said

could be substantiated

C) Though he seemed extremely reluctant to sign

the statement

D) Even before the judge had finished summing

up the case

E) Although everyone was convinced that Smithhad committed the murder

25. In his annual report, the accountant failed toclarify the position and explain -----.

A) why expenditure had been in excess of the

budget

B) whether the budget really is unrealistic

C) what procedures will have been used in

banking

D) that more serious aspects were being

overlooked

E) which items in particular are beingreconsidered

A) whichhad been built for both energy andirrigation

B) though two negative ecological forcescancelled each other out

C) unless the dams actually held back a vastsedimentation load

D) since they frequently trap migratory fish

E) that failed to preserve their biological variety

over the years

27. Today more than 100 million people have abreathing problem -----.

A) if only the rise in asthma cases has stoppedB) that asthma levels are dropping in those born

after 1985

C) which costs $6 billion a year in the US alone

D) unless they prefer not to admit itE) since exposure to antibiotics while in the womb

is generally regarded as a further irritant

28. The clarinet solo at the start of the movementprovides the theme -----.

A) if the sense of longing were once more

brought to the fore

B) that unifies the whole work

C) once the slow tempo had been re-established

D) until yet another ecstatic climax was reached

E) that the work begins quickly and

harmoniously

27


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2003 Mays KPDS


1. Professional tennis, which got its start in 1926

when the French player Suzanne Lenglen ----50,000 US dollars for a tour, only ----fullrecognition in 1968.

A) had been paid / has received

B) was paid / received

C) has been paid / would receive

D) is paid / receives

E) would be paid / had received

2. Once the director ----just how much was atstake, he ---- immediate steps to deal with thedispute.

A) realizes / will take

B) has realized / had takenC) had realized / took

D) realized / takes

E) would realize / has taken

3. The once radical notion that birds ---- fromdinosaurs ---- stronger and stronger sincepalaeontologists first started taking it seriouslya couple of decades ago.

A) descended / has grown

B) have descended / grew

C) had descended / had grown

D) descend / is growingE) are descending / was growing

4. Throughout his term in office, President Clinton---- by allegations relating to the Whitewaterreal estate deal in which he and his wife, HillaryClinton, ---- prior to the 1992 election.

A) is dogged / are involved

B) had been dogged / were involved

C) was dogged / had been involved

D) has been dogged / have been involved

E) was being dogged / may have been involved

5. The essays taken together tell the story of howthe US became an economic power ---- a scaleunprecedented ---- history.

A) for / with

B) at / by

C) with / from

D) thought / at

E) on / in

6. ---- the surprise of the archaeologists, thestructures turned out to be the remains ---- twodomed tombs, each over a thousand years old.

A) To / of

B) At / from

C) For / by

D) With / over

E) By / through

7. More than 29 million Africans are now infectedwith HIV, and the disease is killing ---- Africans ---- all the continent's wars combined.

A) so many / as

B) either / or

C) more / than

D) not only / but also

E) both / and

8. He did ---- better in the interview ---- any of theother applicants.

A

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