1954-1973

Vietnam War

Wednesday 4/8/2015

1) Bell Ringer2) Vietnam War Notes3) Ch.8 EOC Review worksheet4) Ch.8 Review Kahoot

Ch.14B Terms

1. Ho Chi Minh p.3102. Vietcong p.3103. Domino Theory

p.3114. Napalm p.3125. Roy Benavidez p.3126. Richard Nixon p.313

7. “Silent Majority” p.314

8. Vietnamization p.314

9. War Powers Resolution p.315

10.Beat Generation p.317

11.Motown Sound12.Andy Warhol p.318

Vietnam

Vietnam Had once been a French colony

1954 Vietnamese nationalists defeated French Ho Chi Minh: leader

At Geneva Conference Vietnam was divided into 2 independent states North South

North Vietnam:

South Vietnam:Western (Dictator)

Supported by USA Opposed by Buddhists

Refused to have elections for re-unification Feared elections would be

rigged in the NorthVietcong

South Vietnamese Communists

Began guerilla war against the gov’t Assassinated officials, took

over villages

CommunistLed by Ho Chi

Minh Land reform Re-education

Catholics fled in fear

North vs. South Vietnam

1960-1963

Vietnam War under Kennedy

Kennedy and the “Domino Theory”

Domino Theory Theory of President Eisenhower If South Vietnam fell to Communism other countries

would also fall to Communism Like a row of dominos

Kennedy used this theory Sent aid and military to help S. Vietnam fight Vietcong

1963-1968PRESIDENT JOHNSON INVOLVED THE USA

IN VIETNAM EVEN MORE DEEPLY

Vietnam War under Johnson

War tactics and Weapons

By 1968, the USA dropped more bombs on Vietnam than in WWII The war cost $25 billion per year

Problems for the USA Vietnamese used Guerilla Warfare

Secret enemy movements USA was not used to the environment USA couldn’t tell who were enemies and who were

alliesNew weapons

Napalm: sticky gasoline-based jelly that burns Agent Orange: herbicide destroyed the jungle cover

used by Vietcong to hide

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964)

Johnson announced North Vietnam attacked US ships in international waters in the Gulf of Tonkin Congress gave Johnson power

to stop North VietnamLater it was revealed that

US ships had actually been in North Vietnamese waters with South Vietnamese ships who were bombing North Vietnam

Johnson escalates the war

Johnson ordered massive bombing raids over North Vietnam

Sent more troops to Vietnam By 1968 half a million US soldiers in South Vietnam

The Tet Offensive

In 1968 the Vietcong captured many South Vietnamese cities including the capital (Saigon) They began committing brutal acts of terror against

the Vietnamese peopleTurning point in war:

showed Americans this would be a hard war to win Also showed that the Vietcong wasn’t weak and

disorganized like we thought

Popularity of the Nationalist Cause

North and South Vietnamese saw Ho Chi Minh as the “father” of Vietnam Many were willing to fight and lose their lives for him

South Korean government crumbles Corruption Little support from people 1967-ruled by a military dictator

The Anti-War Movement

Media had a big influence in shaping public opinion Johnson told Americans we were

winning, the media said we weren’t First time Americans could watch

scenes from the war on TVYoung Americans

objected the US’s involvement Held protests across the country Burned draft cards

“Doves” wanted to withdraw from the war

“Hawks” supported the war

Kent State Killings

http://www.nbclearn.com/portal/site/k-12/browse?cuecard=49220

1969-1973

Vietnam War under Nixon

President Nixon

Elected in 1968RepublicanAnti-CommunistPromised “peace with

honor”Aided by Henry

Kissinger

Nixon’s Vietnam Policy

Vietnamization The army of S.Vietnam gradually took over the

fighting US forces began to withdraw Increased bombing of N.Vietnam

Invade Cambodia Americans invaded Cambodia to cut off supply routes Bombed Cambodia

End of the War

Nixon and Kissenger worked out a cease fire with N.Vietnam Nixon agrees to remove remaining

troops N.Vietnam agreed to release

American prisoners Even after the withdrawal of

American troops, the war continues

1975 Saigon (capital) falls to N.Vietnam End of Vietnam War

Many in S. Vietnam who supported America were tortured

Legacy of the War

Deaths: 58,000+ Americans 1million+ Vietnamese

War Powers Resolution Sets limits on the President’s power in war times Requires Pres. To tell Congress at least 48 hours before

sending troops overseas

Post-War Literature, Art, and Music

Using the internet, research one of the following artists:1. Jack Kerouac2. Kurt Vonnegut3. Chuck Berry4. Elvis Presley5. Little Richard6. Jimi Hendrix7. Bob Dylan8. The Temptations9. Rolling Stones10. Jackson Pollock 11. Andy Warhol

1. Answer the following questions about them in complete sentences:

2. Brief biography: Birth year and place Death year and place

Cause of death

3. What was this person/group’s profession?/What is this person/group famous for?

4. What are some of their most famous works of art/songs/books?

5. Two interesting facts about them.

Vietnam War Protestshttp://www.nbclearn.com/portal/site/k-12/browse?cuecard=1469