1950’s

1950’s

Main Essential Question:Main Essential Question:

How did political How did political and social and social

developments developments between 1945 and between 1945 and

1970 affect 1970 affect American culture American culture

and norms? and norms?

SSUSH 20 The student will analyze the domestic and

international impact of the Cold War on the United States.

c. Describe the Cuban Revolution, the Bay of Pigs, and the Cuban missile crisis.d. Describe the Vietnam War, the Tet offensive and growing opposition to the war.

SSUSH21 The student will explain economic growth and its impact on the United States,

1945-1970. a. Describe the baby boom and the impact as a. Describe the baby boom and the impact as

shown by Levittown and the Interstate shown by Levittown and the Interstate Highway Act.Highway Act.

b. Describe the impact television has had on b. Describe the impact television has had on American culture, including the presidentialAmerican culture, including the presidential

debates (Kennedy/Nixon, 1960) and news debates (Kennedy/Nixon, 1960) and news coverage of the Civil Rights movement.coverage of the Civil Rights movement.

c. Analyze the impact of technology on c. Analyze the impact of technology on American life, including the development of American life, including the development of the personal computer and the cellular the personal computer and the cellular telephone.telephone.

d. Describe the impact of competition with the d. Describe the impact of competition with the USSR as evidenced by the launch of Sputnik I USSR as evidenced by the launch of Sputnik I and President Eisenhower’s actions.and President Eisenhower’s actions.

SSUSH22 The student will identify dimensions of the Civil Rights

Movement, 1945-1970.

a. Explain the importance of President Truman’s order to integrate the U.S. military and the federal government.

b. Identify Jackie Robinson and the integration of baseball.

c. Explain Brown v. Board of Education and efforts to resist the decision.

d. Describe the significance of Martin Luther King, Jr.’s Letter from a Birmingham Jail and his I have a dream speech.

e. Describe the causes and consequences of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

Georgia Performance StandardsGeorgia Performance Standards

SSUSH23 The student will describe and assess the SSUSH23 The student will describe and assess the impact of political developments between 1945 and impact of political developments between 1945 and

1970. 1970.

a. Describe the Warren Court and the expansion of individual rights as seen in the Miranda a. Describe the Warren Court and the expansion of individual rights as seen in the Miranda decision.decision.b. Describe the political impact of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy; include the b. Describe the political impact of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy; include the impact on civil rights legislation. impact on civil rights legislation. c. Explain Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society; include the establishment of Medicare. c. Explain Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society; include the establishment of Medicare. d. Describe the social and political turmoil of 1968; include the assassinations of Martin Luther d. Describe the social and political turmoil of 1968; include the assassinations of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Robert F. Kennedy, and the events surrounding the Democratic National Convention. King, Jr. and Robert F. Kennedy, and the events surrounding the Democratic National Convention.

SSUSH24 The student will analyze the impact of SSUSH24 The student will analyze the impact of social change movements and organizations of the social change movements and organizations of the

1960s. 1960s.

a. Compare and contrast the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and the a. Compare and contrast the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) tactics; include sit-ins, freedom rides, and Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) tactics; include sit-ins, freedom rides, and changing composition. changing composition. b. Describe the National Organization of Women and the origins and goals of the modern women’s b. Describe the National Organization of Women and the origins and goals of the modern women’s movement.movement.c. Analyze the anti-Vietnam War movement. c. Analyze the anti-Vietnam War movement. d. Analyze Cesar Chavez and the United Farm Workers’ movement.d. Analyze Cesar Chavez and the United Farm Workers’ movement.e. Explain Rachel Carson and Silent Spring, Earth Day, the creation of the EPA, and the modern e. Explain Rachel Carson and Silent Spring, Earth Day, the creation of the EPA, and the modern environmentalist movement.environmentalist movement.f. Describe the rise of the conservative movement as seen in the presidential candidacy of Barry f. Describe the rise of the conservative movement as seen in the presidential candidacy of Barry Goldwater (1964) and the election of Richard M. Nixon (1968).Goldwater (1964) and the election of Richard M. Nixon (1968).

SSUSH25 The student will describe changes in national politics since 1968.

a. Describe President Richard M. Nixon’s opening of China, his resignation due to the Watergate scandal, changing attitudes toward government, and the Presidency of Gerald Ford.

Essential Questions:Essential Questions: What was the American response to the What was the American response to the

Cuban Missile Crisis?Cuban Missile Crisis? What was the impact of the Vietnam War What was the impact of the Vietnam War

politically and socially?politically and socially? How did economic growth after 1950 How did economic growth after 1950

impact the American way of life?impact the American way of life? What is the significance of Martin Luther What is the significance of Martin Luther

King? King? What changes in American society were What changes in American society were

caused by the Civil Right’s movement?caused by the Civil Right’s movement? How did American life change in the How did American life change in the

1960’s? 1960’s? How did the Warren Court change America?How did the Warren Court change America?

America after WWIIAmerica after WWII

Baby Boom- starting in Baby Boom- starting in 1946 people have lots 1946 people have lots of babies-common of babies-common after a warafter a war

Where will they all Where will they all live? live?

Places like Levittown- Places like Levittown- new way of living in new way of living in Long Island NY. Not in Long Island NY. Not in the main city of New the main city of New York.York.

Many 2-3 bedroom Many 2-3 bedroom homes in close homes in close proximity on a ½ to 1 proximity on a ½ to 1 acre. acre.

Called the suburbs and Called the suburbs and they are here to stay!they are here to stay!

People making money , People making money , buying cars, living further buying cars, living further away from workaway from workAnswer? Answer?

Inter-state Highway Act-Inter-state Highway Act-construction of construction of 40,000 miles of interstate 40,000 miles of interstate highways over a 10-year highways over a 10-year period; it was the largest period; it was the largest public works project in public works project in American history to that American history to that point. point. America is growing and on America is growing and on the move!the move!

Civil Rights Civil Rights

The “Almost” First Civil The “Almost” First Civil Rights March in 1941Rights March in 1941

A. Philip RandolphA. Philip Randolph (international president of the (international president of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, president of Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, president of the Negro American Labor Council , and vice the Negro American Labor Council , and vice president of the AFL-CIO), had planned a march president of the AFL-CIO), had planned a march on Washington in 1941 to protest discriminationon Washington in 1941 to protest discrimination

The threat of the 1941 march convinced The threat of the 1941 march convinced President Roosevelt to establish the Committee President Roosevelt to establish the Committee on Fair Employment Practice and bar on Fair Employment Practice and bar discriminatory hiring in the defense industry discriminatory hiring in the defense industry

Therefore it never happenedTherefore it never happened

Jack Roosevelt "Jackie" Jack Roosevelt "Jackie" RobinsonRobinson became the became the first African-American first African-American major league baseball major league baseball player of the modern eraplayer of the modern era

While not the first African While not the first African American professional American professional baseball player in United baseball player in United States history, his Major States history, his Major League debut with the League debut with the Brooklyn Dodgers ended Brooklyn Dodgers ended approximately eighty years approximately eighty years of baseball segregation, of baseball segregation, also known as the baseball also known as the baseball color line or color barrier. color line or color barrier.

19471947

19481948

President Truman orders President Truman orders

integrationintegration of the militaryof the military Among the order's effects was the Among the order's effects was the

elimination of Montford Point as a elimination of Montford Point as a segregated Marine boot camp (the segregated Marine boot camp (the camp became Camp Lejeune). camp became Camp Lejeune).

The last of the all-black units in the The last of the all-black units in the United States military was abolished in United States military was abolished in September 1954.September 1954.

End of legal segregationEnd of legal segregation

Brown v. Board of Brown v. Board of Education-1954Education-1954– Supreme Court rules Supreme Court rules

that “separate but that “separate but equal” was equal” was unconstitutional.unconstitutional.

– Schools required to Schools required to integrate blacks.integrate blacks.

Chief Justice Earl Chief Justice Earl Warren writes Warren writes majority opinion.majority opinion.

19551955 Rosa ParksRosa Parks

– Black woman Black woman refuses to sit in refuses to sit in the back of the the back of the public bus.public bus.

– 19561956 the the Montgomery Montgomery buses buses desegregate. desegregate.

Civil Rights Act of Civil Rights Act of 19571957– Voting rights for Voting rights for

blacks secured.blacks secured.

1960- The sit-in protest 1960- The sit-in protest movement begins in movement begins in FebruaryFebruary at a at a

Woolworth's lunch counter in Woolworth's lunch counter in Greensboro, N.C. and spreads across Greensboro, N.C. and spreads across

the nation. the nation.

Civil Rights MovementCivil Rights Movement

Blacks demand the Blacks demand the integration of all integration of all public facilities.public facilities.

February, 1960- Four February, 1960- Four black students refuse black students refuse to leave a “whites to leave a “whites only” lunch counter only” lunch counter in Greensboro, NC.in Greensboro, NC.

Return each day for Return each day for a “sit-in” until a “sit-in” until integrated.integrated.

Fully integrated in Fully integrated in July, 1960.July, 1960.

1961- 1961- Freedom rides begin Freedom rides begin from Washington, D.C: from Washington, D.C:

Groups of black and white Groups of black and white people ride buses through people ride buses through

the South to challenge the South to challenge segregation.segregation.

1962- Two killed, many 1962- Two killed, many injured in riots as James injured in riots as James

Meredith is enrolled as the Meredith is enrolled as the first black at the University first black at the University

of Mississippi.of Mississippi.

1963-1963- Police arrest King and other ministers Police arrest King and other ministers demonstrating in Birmingham, Ala., then turn demonstrating in Birmingham, Ala., then turn fire hoses and police dogs on the marchers.fire hoses and police dogs on the marchers.Medgar Evers, NAACP leader, is murdered Medgar Evers, NAACP leader, is murdered June 12 as he enters his home in Jackson, June 12 as he enters his home in Jackson,

MissMiss250,000 people attend the March on 250,000 people attend the March on

Washington, D.C. urging support for pending Washington, D.C. urging support for pending civil-rights legislation. The event was civil-rights legislation. The event was

highlighted by King's "I have a dream" highlighted by King's "I have a dream" speech. speech.

Four girls killed Sept. 15 in bombing of the Four girls killed Sept. 15 in bombing of the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church in Sixteenth Street Baptist Church in

Birmingham, Ala. Birmingham, Ala.

1964-Three civil-rights workers are 1964-Three civil-rights workers are murdered in Mississippi. murdered in Mississippi.

Two Major Civil Rights GroupsTwo Major Civil Rights Groups

SNCCSNCC SCLCSCLC

The struggle and The struggle and the costthe cost

Martin Luther King Jr.Martin Luther King Jr.

Civil Rights Civil Rights leader.leader.

Believed in civil Believed in civil disobedience/ disobedience/ “peaceful “peaceful demonstrations.”demonstrations.”

1965- Selma, AL1965- Selma, AL– Marches w/ 2000 Marches w/ 2000

blacks demanding blacks demanding voting rights.voting rights.

MLK’s speechesMLK’s speeches

I have a dreamI have a dream Letter from a Letter from a Birmingham jailBirmingham jail

““Black Power”Black Power”

Frustrated blacks Frustrated blacks organize and riot in the organize and riot in the major cities.major cities.

Demand all-black Demand all-black businesses and all-black businesses and all-black communities.communities.

Malcolm XMalcolm X– Muslim minister.Muslim minister.– Preaches that blacks and Preaches that blacks and

whites could only exist if whites could only exist if they were completely they were completely separated.separated.

– Believed to have been Believed to have been assassinated in 1965 by assassinated in 1965 by members of the Black members of the Black Muslim religionMuslim religion

March on WashingtonMarch on Washington

MLK decides to MLK decides to follow through on follow through on Randolph’s proposed Randolph’s proposed 1941 march1941 march

August, 1963August, 1963 Over 250,000 men, Over 250,000 men,

women, and youth women, and youth gather in gather in Washington, DC.Washington, DC.

Demand the passage Demand the passage of a Civil Rights Bill.of a Civil Rights Bill.

Martin Luther KingMartin Luther King– ““I have a dream”I have a dream”

19641964 The 24th Amendment abolishes the poll taxThe 24th Amendment abolishes the poll tax

President Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of President Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964. 1964.

19651965 Congress passes the Voting Rights Act Congress passes the Voting Rights Act

Asserting that civil rights laws alone are Asserting that civil rights laws alone are not enough to remedy discrimination, not enough to remedy discrimination, President Johnson issues Executive Order President Johnson issues Executive Order 11246, which enforces affirmative action 11246, which enforces affirmative action for the first time. It requires government for the first time. It requires government contractors to "take affirmative action" contractors to "take affirmative action" toward prospective minority employees in toward prospective minority employees in all aspects of hiring and employment.all aspects of hiring and employment.

19671967 In In Loving v. Virginia,Loving v. Virginia, banning interracial banning interracial marriage is declared unconstitutional by marriage is declared unconstitutional by

the Supreme Courtthe Supreme Court

TTHHEE

SSOOLLUUTTIIOONNSS

Assassination of Martin Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.Luther King, Jr.

April 4, 1968April 4, 1968 Leads a Leads a

nonviolent nonviolent demonstration in demonstration in Memphis, TN.Memphis, TN.

Killed by an Killed by an assassin’s bullet assassin’s bullet outside his hotel outside his hotel room.room.

Why do so many of the civil Why do so many of the civil rights actions succeed?rights actions succeed?

Television! Television! In your living room every night , In your living room every night ,

America can see what is happening America can see what is happening in the Civil Rights movementin the Civil Rights movement

Hard to remain uncaring when you Hard to remain uncaring when you can see blood on the streets, can see blood on the streets, children hurt and women killedchildren hurt and women killed

Hard to explain that as a good Hard to explain that as a good thing to your childrenthing to your children

Election of 1956Election of 1956 RepublicansRepublicans

– Dwight D. EisenhowerDwight D. Eisenhower DemocratsDemocrats

– Adlai StevensonAdlai Stevenson 1955- Eisenhower 1955- Eisenhower

suffers heart attack, suffers heart attack, but chooses to run.but chooses to run.

Eisenhower’s Eisenhower’s popularity allows popularity allows him a win by a him a win by a landslide.landslide.

19591959

Minimum wage raised Minimum wage raised from .75 cents to from .75 cents to $1.00.$1.00.

Labor Union AFL-CIO Labor Union AFL-CIO created.created.

Alaska becomes 49Alaska becomes 49thth state.state.

Hawaii becomes 50Hawaii becomes 50thth state.state.

GNP raises from 265 GNP raises from 265 billion to 510 billion.billion to 510 billion.– Total money value of all Total money value of all

goods and services.goods and services.

Election of 1960Election of 1960 DemocratsDemocrats

– John F. KennedyJohn F. Kennedy RepublicansRepublicans

– Richard NixonRichard Nixon Television debates portray Television debates portray

Nixon in a negative Nixon in a negative manner.manner.

Kennedy promises a “New Kennedy promises a “New Frontier” to get the Frontier” to get the American economy moving.American economy moving.

Kennedy wins!Kennedy wins!– Age 43- youngest man ever Age 43- youngest man ever

elected President.elected President.– First Roman Catholic.First Roman Catholic.

• Television’s importance is Television’s importance is growing growing

““The New Frontier”The New Frontier” Increased govt. Increased govt.

spending in space spending in space and national and national defense.defense.

Minimum wage Minimum wage raised to $1.25/hour.raised to $1.25/hour.

$1.5 billion allotted $1.5 billion allotted by Congress to build by Congress to build new schools and new schools and hospitals. hospitals.

The Space The Space Program (the Program (the space race)space race)

April, 1961- Soviet April, 1961- Soviet Union sends Yuri Union sends Yuri Gagarin into Gagarin into space.space.– First man in First man in

space.space. February, 1962- February, 1962-

John Glenn first John Glenn first American to orbit American to orbit the Earth.the Earth.

1964- NASA 1964- NASA created.created.– 5 million new jobs 5 million new jobs

created.created.

Communism in the Communism in the America’sAmerica’s

19591959 Fidel Castro leads Fidel Castro leads

a rebellion in a rebellion in Cuba.Cuba.

Establishes a Establishes a Communist Communist dictatorship.dictatorship.

Allies with the Allies with the Soviet Union.Soviet Union.

The Bay of PigsThe Bay of Pigs Kennedy orders CIA to Kennedy orders CIA to

train anti-Castro Cubans train anti-Castro Cubans to overthrow Castro.to overthrow Castro.

April 17, 1961- 1500 April 17, 1961- 1500 rebels are defeated by rebels are defeated by the Cubans.the Cubans.– United States fails to aid United States fails to aid

them.them. Invasion over in 72 Invasion over in 72

hours.hours. Kennedy takes Kennedy takes

responsibility.responsibility.– Criticized as making U.S. Criticized as making U.S.

look “like fools to our look “like fools to our friends, rascals to our friends, rascals to our enemies, and enemies, and incompetents to the rest.”incompetents to the rest.”

The Berlin CrisisThe Berlin Crisis Soviet Union sees Soviet Union sees

Kennedy as weak.Kennedy as weak.– Demands the West to Demands the West to

recognize the recognize the sovereignty of sovereignty of Communist E. Communist E. Germany.Germany.

Kennedy refuses.Kennedy refuses. August, 1961- Soviets August, 1961- Soviets

build the Berlin Wall build the Berlin Wall to stop E. Germans to stop E. Germans from fleeing to W. from fleeing to W. Germany.Germany.

The Cuban Missile CrisisThe Cuban Missile Crisis October 14, 1962- October 14, 1962-

American U-2 spy plane American U-2 spy plane photographs missile launch photographs missile launch pads in Cuba.pads in Cuba.

October 22, 1962- Kennedy October 22, 1962- Kennedy orders naval blockade of orders naval blockade of Cuba.Cuba.

Soviet Union confronted at Soviet Union confronted at U.N.U.N.

October 24, 1962- Soviet October 24, 1962- Soviet ships stop short of the ships stop short of the blockade.blockade.– ““eyeball to eyeball, and the eyeball to eyeball, and the

other guy just blinked.”other guy just blinked.” October 28, 1962- Soviets October 28, 1962- Soviets

dismantle the missile dismantle the missile bases in Cuba. bases in Cuba.

The Assassination of The Assassination of John F. KennedyJohn F. Kennedy

November 22, 1963November 22, 1963 Kennedy goes to Kennedy goes to

Dallas, TX for a Dallas, TX for a campaign trip.campaign trip.

12:30 pm- Kennedy’s 12:30 pm- Kennedy’s open-air motorcade open-air motorcade is fired upon. is fired upon. – Kennedy shot in the Kennedy shot in the

head- dies instantly.head- dies instantly. Lee Harvey Oswald Lee Harvey Oswald

accused of the accused of the killing.killing.

Warren Commission- Warren Commission- investigates the investigates the assassination and assassination and finds no evidence of finds no evidence of a conspiracy.a conspiracy.

Lyndon JohnsonLyndon Johnson

Kennedy’s VPKennedy’s VP– Becomes President after Becomes President after

the assassination.the assassination. Brash, ambitious, and Brash, ambitious, and

hardworking.hardworking.– Sharp contrast to the Sharp contrast to the

wealthy and charismatic wealthy and charismatic Kennedy.Kennedy.

Focuses administrationFocuses administration1.1. Tax CutsTax Cuts

2.2. Civil RightsCivil Rights

3.3. PovertyPoverty

The Election of 1964The Election of 1964

DemocratsDemocrats– Lyndon JohnsonLyndon Johnson

RepublicansRepublicans– Barry GoldwaterBarry Goldwater

Johnson Johnson announces new announces new govt. programs to govt. programs to help the poor.help the poor.

Johnson wins in a Johnson wins in a landslide.landslide.

““The Great Society”The Great Society”

Johnson’s federal Johnson’s federal welfare program.welfare program.

Created:Created:– MedicareMedicare- health - health

insurance for over 65.insurance for over 65.– Reduction of the federal Reduction of the federal

excise tax on excise tax on automobiles.automobiles.

– $1.5 billion given to $1.5 billion given to poverty.poverty.

– $7.5 billion given to build $7.5 billion given to build new homes for the poor.new homes for the poor.

History of VietnamHistory of Vietnam 1950’s- France gives 1950’s- France gives

Vietnam its Vietnam its independence.independence.– Split into 2 countriesSplit into 2 countries

North VietnamNorth Vietnam– Hanoi- capitalHanoi- capital– Communists lead by Ho Communists lead by Ho

Chi Minh.Chi Minh. South VietnamSouth Vietnam

– Saigon- capitalSaigon- capital– Republic lead by President Republic lead by President

Diem.Diem. North Vietnamese North Vietnamese

demand reunited demand reunited country.country.– Viet Cong invade.Viet Cong invade.

American InvolvementAmerican Involvement United States vows to United States vows to

stop the spread of stop the spread of Communism.Communism.

1957- Eisenhower 1957- Eisenhower recognizes as new recognizes as new leader.leader.

1960- Kennedy sends 1960- Kennedy sends aid to stop Viet Cong.aid to stop Viet Cong.

Demand Diem to reform Demand Diem to reform the South.the South.– He refuses.He refuses.– No American aid.No American aid.

1963- Diem 1963- Diem assassinated.assassinated.

Gulf of Tonkin ResolutionGulf of Tonkin Resolution

August, 1964.August, 1964. In Gulf of Tonkin-In Gulf of Tonkin-

American ships American ships attacked by N. Vietnam.attacked by N. Vietnam.– America secretly aiding S. America secretly aiding S.

Vietnam raids.Vietnam raids. President Johnson President Johnson

orders the bombing of orders the bombing of N. Vietnam.N. Vietnam.

Asks Congress for Asks Congress for authority take action authority take action against N. Vietnam.against N. Vietnam.– No official declaration of No official declaration of

war.war.

War in VietnamWar in Vietnam

February, 1965- February, 1965- American planes American planes bomb N. Vietnam.bomb N. Vietnam.– This continues until This continues until

March, 1968.March, 1968. March, 1965- Ground March, 1965- Ground

troops sent to S. troops sent to S. Vietnam to aid in Vietnam to aid in fighting the Viet fighting the Viet Cong.Cong.

1966- 500,000 1966- 500,000 American troops in American troops in S. Vietnam.S. Vietnam.

Tet OffensiveTet Offensive

February, 1968.February, 1968. Viet Cong launch Viet Cong launch

surprise attacks on S. surprise attacks on S. Vietnam during Tet.Vietnam during Tet.– New Year holiday.New Year holiday.

Americans stop, but Americans stop, but many casualties.many casualties.

Shows America that Shows America that “war” was far from over.“war” was far from over.– Increased anti-war Increased anti-war

demonstrations.demonstrations.– Congress question Congress question

constitutionality of constitutionality of President’s powers to President’s powers to wage war.wage war.

The Cultural RevolutionThe Cultural Revolution Youth revolt against Youth revolt against

the “establishment.”the “establishment.”– The HippiesThe Hippies

Long hair, blue jeans, Long hair, blue jeans, and love beads. and love beads.

LSD and marijuana at LSD and marijuana at Haight-Ashbury.Haight-Ashbury.

Communal LivingCommunal Living– The FarmThe Farm

• It is a time of change It is a time of change and new ideasand new ideas

Rock MusicRock Music

The BeatlesThe BeatlesJimi HendrixJimi Hendrix Sonny and CherSonny and CherThe Righteous The Righteous

BrothersBrothers

The Rolling StonesThe Rolling Stones

Joan BaezJoan Baez Bob DylanBob DylanJerry GarciaJerry Garcia Janis JoplinJanis Joplin

Student RevoltsStudent Revolts 1964- University of California at 1964- University of California at

BerkeleyBerkeley– Students demand rights to protest Students demand rights to protest

the war.the war. 1965- Teach-ins begin1965- Teach-ins begin

– University students take over University students take over administrative offices and demand administrative offices and demand free speech.free speech.

1966-67- Students burn draft 1966-67- Students burn draft cards and protest the Vietnam cards and protest the Vietnam War.War.

1968- Columbia University 1968- Columbia University seized by students.seized by students.– NY police called in.NY police called in.– Over 200 students injured.Over 200 students injured.

Women’s Women’s MovementMovement National Organization

of Women (NOW) - largest feminist organization

Promoted the Equal Promoted the Equal Rights Amendment to Rights Amendment to the Constitutionthe Constitution

Developed because Developed because women felt that they women felt that they were discriminated were discriminated against in work, with against in work, with pay, education , pay, education , stereotyping, stereotyping,

equality, and equality, and culturallyculturally““No more barefoot and No more barefoot and

pregnant”pregnant”

Cesar ChavezCesar Chavez

Prominent Latino leader in the 1960’s

Organized the United Farm Workers’ movement- a labor union for migrant and farm workers

They wanted better wages, working conditions, and the restriction of deadly pesticides

Known for the grape and lettuce boycotts in California

The “Warren Court”The “Warren Court”

Earl Warren, Chief Justice of the Earl Warren, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from 1953 to 1969Supreme Court from 1953 to 1969

He affected the legal status of racial He affected the legal status of racial segregation, civil rights, separation segregation, civil rights, separation of church and state, and police of church and state, and police arrest procedure arrest procedure (Miranda (Miranda Rights)Rights) in the United States in the United States

In the years that followed, the In the years that followed, the Warren Court became recognized Warren Court became recognized as a high point in the use of the as a high point in the use of the judicial power in the effort to effect judicial power in the effort to effect social progress in the U.Ssocial progress in the U.S

Environmental-Environmental-ist Movementist Movement

Rachel Carson, a Rachel Carson, a marine biologist, wrote marine biologist, wrote Silent Spring Silent Spring in 1962 in 1962 about the species she about the species she saw going extinct and saw going extinct and whywhy

Silent Spring led to a Silent Spring led to a nationwide ban on DDT nationwide ban on DDT and other pesticidesand other pesticides

The grassroots The grassroots environmental environmental movement it inspired movement it inspired led to the creation of led to the creation of the Environmental the Environmental Protection Agency and Protection Agency and Earth DayEarth Day

Election of 1968Election of 1968

DemocratsDemocrats– Johnson Johnson

announces he will announces he will not seek a second not seek a second term.term.

– Robert KennedyRobert Kennedy Brother and former Brother and former

Attorney General to Attorney General to JFK.JFK.

Democrat frontrunnerDemocrat frontrunner Assassinated in Assassinated in

CaliforniaCalifornia

1968 Democratic National 1968 Democratic National ConventionConvention

Hold convention Hold convention in Chicago.in Chicago.– Gene McCarthy- anti-Gene McCarthy- anti-

warwar– Hubert Humphrey- Hubert Humphrey-

pro-warpro-war– Thousands of peace Thousands of peace

activists demonstrate activists demonstrate in front of the in front of the convention hall.convention hall.

– Chicago police called Chicago police called out.out.

– Violent confrontations Violent confrontations witnessed by millions witnessed by millions on televisionon television

The rise of the conservative movement

Reaction to the violence and turmoil in America as seen by millions on TV

Concerns with hippie movement’s agenda of free love, drugs, and lack of commitment/responsibility

Awareness of the eroding of a former way of life

Dissatisfaction with the way soldiers and military are being treated

“We have gone too far to the left”

““I have little interest in I have little interest in streamlining government or in streamlining government or in making it more efficient, for I making it more efficient, for I mean to reduce its size. I do mean to reduce its size. I do not undertake to promote not undertake to promote welfare, for I propose to welfare, for I propose to

extend freedom. My aim is not extend freedom. My aim is not to pass laws, but to repeal to pass laws, but to repeal

them. It is not to inaugurate them. It is not to inaugurate new programs, but to cancel new programs, but to cancel

old ones that do violence to the old ones that do violence to the Constitution”Constitution”

Arizona Senator Barry Goldwater – credited with sparking the resurgence of the American conservative political movement in the 1960’s

Election of 1968Election of 1968 DemocratsDemocrats

– Hubert HumphreyHubert Humphrey RepublicansRepublicans

– Richard NixonRichard Nixon 3 issues3 issues

1.1. Violence in AmericaViolence in America2.2. Vietnam WarVietnam War3.3. Civil RightsCivil Rights

Nixon promises an Nixon promises an “honorable end to the “honorable end to the Vietnam War.”Vietnam War.”

Nixon wins by 260,000 Nixon wins by 260,000 popular votes.popular votes.

– Wins 302 electoral votes.Wins 302 electoral votes.

19691969 WoodstockWoodstock

– AugustAugust– ““Three Days of Peace and Three Days of Peace and

Music”Music”– Acts included The Grateful Acts included The Grateful

Dead Jimi HendrixDead Jimi Hendrix Janis JoplinJanis Joplin Crosby Stills and NashCrosby Stills and Nash

– 400,000 youth indulge in 3 400,000 youth indulge in 3 days of sex, drugs, and days of sex, drugs, and rock and roll.rock and roll.

60,000 expected to attend.60,000 expected to attend.– The_Woodstock_Generation.asfThe_Woodstock_Generation.asf

1969-1969-19741974

1969- Nixon 1969- Nixon inaugurated.inaugurated.

Calls for the gradual Calls for the gradual removal of troops removal of troops from Vietnam.from Vietnam.– 1975- final troops 1975- final troops

leave.leave.• Improves relations Improves relations

with the Soviet Union with the Soviet Union • Opens up trade with Opens up trade with

ChinaChina• Watergate scandal Watergate scandal • 1974-Nixon resigned 1974-Nixon resigned

the presidency in the the presidency in the face of likely face of likely impeachment impeachment

Gerald FordGerald Ford

Nixon resigns and Nixon resigns and his Vice-President his Vice-President becomes becomes PresidentPresident

Pardons NixonPardons Nixon Signs Helsinki Signs Helsinki

Accords that Accords that further improve further improve relations with relations with Soviet UnionSoviet Union

19691969 July 20, 1969July 20, 1969

– Neil Armstrong, Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins, Michael Collins, and Ed Aldrin, Jr. and Ed Aldrin, Jr. land on the moon.land on the moon.

– ““That’s one small That’s one small step for man, one step for man, one giant leap for giant leap for mankind.”mankind.”

The end The end by Miss Dby Miss D

The King Has Left the The King Has Left the BuildingBuilding