1950s frozen fruit, vegetables, and food: infrastructure ... · pfe 200495 r‐50‐5 st. joseph...
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1950s Frozen Fruit, Vegetables, and Food: Infrastructure, Freight Cars,Traffic Patterns and
Waybills
Charles Hostetler
RPM Chicagoland 2018
Wisconsin Cold Storage Co., Milwaukee Wisc.
PFE 200472R-50-5 Frozen Food Car
Background
●I'm modeling a short (4 mile) stretch of the Chicago - Milwaukee “Old Line” in Milwaukee from Bayshore to Lakefront Depot●The era is October 1957●The theme is transfer of freight cars among local yards via “Road Delivery Specials” and local switching●The Wisconsin Cold Storage Co. facility was located just off the National Ave. yard
Frosted Foods Inc.Columbus Ohio
Commodity Classes In This Study
Does Include:• Frozen Fruit (073)• Frozen Vegetables (095)• Food Products, Not Otherwise Specified, Frozen (765)
Does NOT Include:• Frozen Meats• Frozen Poultry• Frozen Seafood• Ice Cream• Ice
Overview of Localized CollectionsLocation Year(s) Frequency
Toledo Ohio 1948‐1950 0/298
Dallas Center Minn 1953‐1955 0/359
Watertown Minn 1954 0/579
Laramie Wyo 1951 6/2390 (1/400)
Sturgeon Bay Wisc 1962 1/400
Bellows Falls Vt 1961 7/9222 (1/1317)
Note: Nationally, in 1957, there were 28,167 carloads of frozen goods originated, out of a total of 31,407,151 carloads originated. This is a frequency of about 1/1115.
Specifics from Laramie Wyo Records
Car Type Destination Contents
PFE 200056 R‐70‐2 Kansas City Frozen beans
PFE 200370 R‐50‐5 Kansas City Frozen beans
PFE 400484 (unknown, maybe R‐50‐5) Kansas City Frozen vegetables
PFE 200495 R‐50‐5 St. Joseph Frozen vegetables
PFE 5800 R‐40‐23 Kansas City Frozen vegetables
NWX 51022 NWX 50’ frozen food car Council Bluffs Frozen vegetables
Notes: All are on eastbound trains through Laramie. All are ice reefers, and at least 4, and maybe 5 out of the 6 carloads were in frozen food cars. The R‐40‐23 car is a 40’ steel reefer built in 1947. The destinations listed are the destination of the train the cars were in, and not necessarily the location of the consignee.
Specifics from Sturgeon Bay Wisc. Records
OLHC Car Shipper Consignee Route Contents
SP PFE 400001R‐70‐11,mechanical, built in 1961
Calcagno Farms Ex Mello Cold Storage, Watsonville, Calif
Griffen Toohey Foods Inc., Sturgeon Bay, Wisc
SP – Ogden –UP – CNW –Green Bay ‐KGBW
112,000 lbs (3500 packages) frozen strawberries for $2034.45
Notes: This was on a perishable freight waybill.
Specifics from Bellows Falls Vt. Records
OLHC Car Shipper Consignee Contents
OE WFEX 7930 (RP) Kelley Farquhar, Salem Ore
United National Coop, Boston, Mass
29,530 lbs frozenberries
UP PFE 300986 (RP) Idaho Potato Inc, Ogden Utah
Sweet Life Foods, Springfield Mass
66,100 lbs frozen french fries
PT PFE 100422 (RP) Sunset Packing, Milwaukie Ore
Bonds Frozen Foods, Watertown Mass
45,962 lbs frozen fruit
UP PFE 100369 (RP) OreIda Foods, Nampa Idaho
Fall River Frozen Foods, Watertown Mass
17,555 lbs frozen vegetables
UP PFE 100057 (RP) Idaho Potatoes, Twin Falls Idaho
Quincy Market,Watertown Mass
41,961 lbs frozen potatoes
SP PFE 300645 (RP) Oxnard Food, Oxnard Calif
Pioneer Valley Ref. Stge., Springfield Mass
20,937 lbs frozen vegetables
UP PFE 100483 (RP) National Storage, Bonner Springs Kans
Fulton Packing, Watertown Mass
40,005 lbs frozen vegetables
North American Cold StorageChicago Ill
National Originations by CarrierCarrier Carloads % Interchanged
SP 6,563 91
ACL 3,906 93
UP 3,860 68
SAL 2,437 97
ATSF 2,104 88
NP 1,438 93
GN 1,286 93
SPS 1,249 100
CNW 719 79
CBQ 711 97
BAR 687 100
NYC 469 49
PRR 394 40
National Terminations by CarrierCarrier Carloads % Interchanged
PRR 4,162 94
NYC 3,895 94
UP 2,301 47
SP 1,680 65
ATSF 1,486 82
BM 1,234 100
BO 1,009 98
CBQ 1,000 98
NH 945 100
DLW 942 100
CNW 885 83
GN 584 84
CO 573 100
National Through by CarrierCarrier Through Carloads
CBQ 4,952
UP 3,912
RFP 3,077
PRR 2,230
LN 1,802
WAB 1,388
NP 1,285
CG 1,252
GN 1,141
CNW 1,076
SLSF 1,039
SAL 925
SOU 916
Carrier Through Carloads
NYC 904
MP 860
NCStL 841
NYCN 814
SOU (CNOTP) 796
BO 784
SPS 754
SSW 753
NKP 722
TNO 709
CO 695
RI 688
SP 675
National Originations by StateState Frozen Fruit Frozen Vegetables Frozen Food
California 1,400 3,100 1,700
Florida 6,000
Idaho 300 100
Kansas 100 400
Maine 100 100 500
Minnesota 500
Missouri 200 300 400
Nebraska 100 200 900
New York 100 200
Oklahoma 400
Oregon 1,400 2,100 100
Texas 300 200
Washington 500 2,900 100
Frequency vs. Time
Distance vs. Route Complexity
The Evolution of Route Complexity
1948 1950 1952 1954 1956 1958 1960 19621.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
Route Co
mplexity
Route Complexity vs. Time
Fruits Vegs Foods
National Cold StorageBonner Springs Kans
A Look Around a Smaller Facility
The Truck Facade
The Train Facade
Clarence Birdseye
Locations of Facilities
CS Yard in Denver
The Freight Cars
Frozen foods need temperatures of -5F to avoid during shipping and storage to avoid damage claims. The refrigerator car operators developed several approaches toward this goal:
• Regular ice cars with extra ice (30%)• Overhead bunker ice cars• Heavy insulation ice cars• Mechanicals
Overhead Bunker Ice CarsReporting Marks Total in 1957
CP 2876
CN 2658
FOBX 173
GTW 100
WOBX 50
PGE 15
PFE 5
Total 328 (excludes Canadian cars)
Heavy Insulation Ice CarsReporting Marks Total in 1957
FHIX 1,722
WHIX 836
SFRD 428
PFE 377
URTX 52
NWX 33
Total 3,448
MechanicalsReporting Marks Total in 1957
FGEX 904
PFE 714
WFEX 260
SFRD 235
NPMX 151
BREX 103
RMAX 75
URTX 50
NYMX 50
NWX 36
FHIX 3
Total 2581
Watsonville IceWatsonville Calif
References• Pacific Fruit Express (Thompson, Church, Jones, 2000)
• Santa Fe Railway Rolling Stock Reference Series Vol 2, Refrigerator Cars Ice Bunker Cars (Jordan, Hendrickson, Moore, & Hale, 1994)
• Santa Fe Railway Rolling Stock Reference Series Vol 6, Mechanical Refrigerator Cars (Moore, 2007)
• Merchants Despatch (Hinman, 2011)
• Refrigerator Car Color Guide (Green, 2005)
• Chicago & Northwestern in Color Vol 2 1954-1958 (Keyser, 1999)
• Railway Pr4ototype Cyclopedia Vol 16 (Wider, 2007)
• American Refrigerator Transit (Maher, Michels, & Semon, 2018)
Thank You for Your Time!