19.2 renaissancebeyonditaly (1)
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Renaissance beyond Italy
19.2
Chapter 19
Section 2
Science and Education
• Mathematics could help understand the universe– Studied ancient math texts; built on it
• Created symbols still used today– Square root, positive and negative numbers
• Advances in math led to advances in other fields– Engineers, architects, astronomy
Spread of New Ideas
Paper Printing
• Johann Gutenburg– German– Printing Press
• Used movable type
– 1456 printed the bible: Gutenburg Bible• Written in Latin
New Universities
• Opened in France, Germany, and the Netherlands– Idea about value of individuals spread
throughout Europe– Only men could attend university
• Noble families would educate their daughters
Northern Renaissance
• Humanism spread; took more of a religious tone– Focused on the history of Christianity
• Northern scholars felt the Church had become corrupt– Led charge for reform
• Brought key changes to art– More realistic
Literature Beyond Italy
• Included Renaissance ideas in their works
• Wrote in the languages of their home countries
• Spain: Miguel de Cervantes– Don Quixote
• Poked fun at the Middle Ages
• England: William Shakespeare– Wrote more than 30 plays