1914-1918: the world at war 1914-1918: the world at war by: mr. kjeld lauritzen
TRANSCRIPT
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1914-1914-1918:1918:
The The WorldWorldat Warat War
1914-1914-1918:1918:
The The WorldWorldat Warat WarBy: Mr. Kjeld LauritzenBy: Mr. Kjeld LauritzenBy: Mr. Kjeld LauritzenBy: Mr. Kjeld Lauritzen
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CausesCausesof theof theWarWar
CausesCausesof theof theWarWar
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1. The Alliance System1. The Alliance System
Triple EntenteTriple Entente::Triple EntenteTriple Entente:: Triple AllianceTriple Alliance::Triple AllianceTriple Alliance::
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Two Armed Camps!Two Armed Camps!Allied PowersAllied Powers::Allied PowersAllied Powers:: Central PowersCentral Powers::Central PowersCentral Powers::
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The Major Players: 1914-17
The Major Players: 1914-17
Nicholas II Nicholas II [Rus][Rus]
Nicholas II Nicholas II [Rus][Rus]
George V [Br]George V [Br]George V [Br]George V [Br]
Pres. Poincare Pres. Poincare [Fr][Fr]
Pres. Poincare Pres. Poincare [Fr][Fr]
Allied PowersAllied Powers::Allied PowersAllied Powers::
Franz Josef [A-H]Franz Josef [A-H]Franz Josef [A-H]Franz Josef [A-H]
Wilhelm II [Ger]Wilhelm II [Ger]Wilhelm II [Ger]Wilhelm II [Ger]
Victor Emmanuel Victor Emmanuel II [It]II [It]
Victor Emmanuel Victor Emmanuel II [It]II [It]
Central PowersCentral Powers::Central PowersCentral Powers::
Enver PashaEnver Pasha[Turkey][Turkey]
Enver PashaEnver Pasha[Turkey][Turkey]
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Europe in 1914Europe in 1914
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2. Militarism & Arms Race2. Militarism & Arms Race
1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1914
94 130 154 268 289 398
Total Defense Expenditures for the Total Defense Expenditures for the Great Powers [Ger., A-H, It., Fr., Br., Great Powers [Ger., A-H, It., Fr., Br.,
Rus.] Rus.] in millions of £s.in millions of £s.
1910-1914 Increase in Defense
Expenditures
France 10%
Britain 13%
Russia 39%
Germany
73%
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3. Economic & Imperial Rivalries
3. Economic & Imperial Rivalries
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4. Aggressive Nationalism
4. Aggressive Nationalism
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Pan-Slavism: The Balkans, 1914
Pan-Slavism: The Balkans, 1914
The“Powder
Keg”of Europe
The“Powder
Keg”of Europe
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Recap of the 4 Causes
MAIN– Militarism – glory for/of the military– Alliances – binding friendships– Imperialism – rivalries between nations
wanting more colonies & land– Nationalism – patriotism; thinking your
country is better than everyone else.
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TheThe
“Spark“Spark””
TheThe
“Spark“Spark””
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Archduke Franz Ferdinand & His Family
Archduke Franz Ferdinand & His Family
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The Assassination: Sarajevo
The Assassination: Sarajevo
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The Assassin: The Assassin:
GavriloPrincipGavriloPrincip
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Who’s To Blame?Who’s To Blame?
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Soldiers Mobilized
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
France Germany Russia Britain
Mil
lio
ns
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Why Now?
Because of MAIN, all that was needed was something to set everything in motion
By the time the war started, no one realized how deadly it would be
This assassination would bring much of the world together in a war
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The The Western Western Front:Front:
A “War of A “War of
AttritionAttrition””
The The Western Western Front:Front:
A “War of A “War of
AttritionAttrition””
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A Multi-Front WarA Multi-Front War
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The Western FrontThe Western Front
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The Schlieffen PlanThe Schlieffen Plan
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Trench WarfareTrench Warfare
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Trench WarfareTrench Warfare
““No Man’s No Man’s Land”Land”
““No Man’s No Man’s Land”Land”
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War Is
Hell!!
War Is
Hell!!
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Sacrifices in WarSacrifices in War
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TheTheEasternEastern
FrontFront
TheTheEasternEastern
FrontFront
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The Gallipoli Disaster, 1915
The Gallipoli Disaster, 1915
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Turkish Cavalry in Palestine
Turkish Cavalry in Palestine
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T. E. Lawrence & the “Arab Revolt”,
1916-18
T. E. Lawrence & the “Arab Revolt”,
1916-18
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The Tsar with General Brusilov
The Tsar with General Brusilov
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TheThe“Colonial“Colonial
””FrontsFronts
TheThe“Colonial“Colonial
””FrontsFronts
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Sikh British Soldiers in India
Sikh British Soldiers in India
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Fighting in AfricaFighting in Africa
British Sikh Mountain Gunners
British Sikh Mountain Gunners
Black Soldiers in the German
Schutztruppen[German E. Africa]
Black Soldiers in the German
Schutztruppen[German E. Africa]
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Fighting in AfricaFighting in Africa
3rd British Battalion, Nigerian Brigade3rd British Battalion, Nigerian Brigade
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Fighting in Salonika, Greece
Fighting in Salonika, Greece
French colonial marine infantry fromCochin, China - 1916
French colonial marine infantry fromCochin, China - 1916
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AmericAmericaa
JoinsJoinsthethe
AlliesAllies
AmericAmericaa
JoinsJoinsthethe
AlliesAllies
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The Sinking of the Lusitania
The Sinking of the Lusitania
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The Zimmerman Telegram
The Zimmerman Telegram
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The YanksAre
Coming!
The YanksAre
Coming!
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WomenWomenand and thetheWarWar
EffortEffort
WomenWomenand and thetheWarWar
EffortEffort
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Financing the WarFinancing the War
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For RecruitmentFor Recruitment
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Munitions WorkersMunitions Workers
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French Women Factory Workers
French Women Factory Workers
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German Women Factory Workers
German Women Factory Workers
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Working in the FieldsWorking in the Fields
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A Woman Ambulance Driver
A Woman Ambulance Driver
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Red Cross NursesRed Cross Nurses
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Women in the Army Auxiliary
Women in the Army Auxiliary
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Russian Women Soldiers
Russian Women Soldiers
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SpiesSpies
“Mata Hari”
Real Name: Margareetha Geertruide Zelle
German Spy!
“Mata Hari”
Real Name: Margareetha Geertruide Zelle
German Spy!
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The War of The War of thethe
Industrial Industrial Revolution:Revolution:
NewNewTechnologyTechnology
The War of The War of thethe
Industrial Industrial Revolution:Revolution:
NewNewTechnologyTechnology
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French Renault TankFrench Renault Tank
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British Tank at YpresBritish Tank at Ypres
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U-BoatsU-Boats
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Allied Ships Sunk by U-Boats
Allied Ships Sunk by U-Boats
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The AirplaneThe Airplane
“Squadron Over the Brenta”
Max Edler von Poosch, 1917
“Squadron Over the Brenta”
Max Edler von Poosch, 1917
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Looking for the “Red Baron?”
Looking for the “Red Baron?”
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The ZeppelinThe Zeppelin
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FlameThrowers
FlameThrowers
GrenadeLaunchersGrenade
Launchers
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Poison Gas
Poison Gas
Machine Gun
Machine Gun
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1918 Flu Pandemic: Depletes All Armies1918 Flu Pandemic: Depletes All Armies
50,000,000 – 50,000,000 – 100,000,000 died100,000,000 died
50,000,000 – 50,000,000 – 100,000,000 died100,000,000 died
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11 a.m., November 11, 1918
11 a.m., November 11, 1918
The Armistice is Signed!
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World War I CasualtiesWorld War I Casualties
01,000,0002,000,0003,000,0004,000,0005,000,0006,000,0007,000,0008,000,0009,000,000
10,000,000RussiaGermanyAustria-HungaryFranceGreat BritainItalyTurkeyUS