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TRANSCRIPT
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MAIN IDEA PACKET: Civil Liberties & Civil Rights UNIT 2 AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTERS 19, 20 & 21 CHAPTER
CIVIL LIBERTIES: FIRST AMENDMENT FREEDOMS
Chapter 19 Section 1: The Unalienable Rights THE BIG IDEA: Many of the Constitution’s amendments guarantee the rights of the individual against the power of government. Describe the difference between civil liberties and civil rights.
CIVIL LIBERTIES
CIVIL RIGHTS
GRAPHIC SUMMARY: Guarantee of Freedom
Important Liberty Amendment/ Court Decision
What does this mean? What did it change?
14TH AMENDMENT’S DUE PROCESS CLAUSE:
“No State shall…deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law…”
PROCESS OF INCORPORATION
9TH AMENDMENT “The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.”
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Chapter 19 Section 2: Freedom of Religion THE BIG IDEA: The Constitution’s 1st Amendment guarantees religious freedom through the Establishment Clause and the Free Exercise Clause.
Freedom of Expression & Religion from 1st Amendment: “Congress shall make no law respecting as establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.”—United States Constitution
GRAPHIC SUMMARY: Guarantees of Religious Freedom (Complete the graph by giving an example for each clause)
Write a small paragraph to answer this question. (Write at least 4 sentences)
Describe the restrictions placed on the freedom of religion.
1st
Amendment
Establishment
Clause
Prohibits an establishment of
religion.
Sets up a wall--or separation between
church and state.
Example:
Free Exercise
Clause
Prohibits any arbitrary interference by
government.
Protects the right of an individual to believe --but not act--as he or
she wishes.
Example:
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Chapter 19 Section 3: Freedom of Speech & Press THE BIG IDEA: While the 1st and 14th amendments give Americans the right to express ideas freely, the Constitution and the Supreme Court have put some limitations on free speech.
GRAPHIC SUMMARY: The Rights of Freedom of Speech and the Press (Write out each description)
PROTECTED BY THE CONSTITUTION
NOT PROTECTED BY THE CONSTITUTION
RIGHT DESCRIPTION
right to speak freely
right to hear what others have to say
symbolic speech
picketing
RIGHT DESCRIPTION
libel
slander
seditious speech
obscenity
reporters’ sources
Write a paragraph to answer these questions. (Write at least 4 sentences) What could the government do if it were allowed prior restraint?
What do you think about it?
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Chapter 19 Section 4: Freedom of Assembly & Petition THE BIG IDEA: The Constitution protects—but limits —the rights of Americans to gather peacefully to express their views and petition the government.
GRAPHIC SUMMARY: Guarantees of Limits of Freedom of Assembly and Petition GUARANTEES LIMITS
The Constitution guarantees the right to assemble peacefully and to petition the government.
While assembling, people may not endanger life, property, or public order.
Government may not make rules restricting what is said at assemblies.
Government may make rules on the time, place, and manner of assemblies.
The guarantees of freedom of petition and assembly include a guarantee of association.
The Constitution does not give the right to assemble on private property.
Answer the following questions using the chart above. Do people have the right to assemble? Who determines the time, place, and manner of assemblies? What is U.S. Constitution’s stance on people assembling on private property?
Write a paragraph to answer this question. (Write at least 4 sentences)
Do you agree or disagree with the government limiting the freedom of assembly?
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CHAPTER CIVIL LIBERTIES: PROTECTING INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS
Chapter 20 Section 1: Due Process of Law THE BIG IDEA: In observing due process of law, the government must act fairly and in accord with established rules.
GRAPHIC SUMMARY: Due Process
Answer these questions: (Write at least 3 sentences) Explain what is meant by due process.
What is police power?
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DUE PROCESS
Procedural Due Process
-‐The methods of government action.
Substantive Due Process
-‐The policies of government action.
The 14th Amendment
-‐provides that State (and local) governments cannot deprive any persons of life , liberty, or property.
The 5th Amendment
-‐provides that the Federal Government cannot deprive any person of life, liberty, or property.
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Chapter 20 Section 2: Freedom and Security of the Person THE BIG IDEA: Several of the Constitutions provisions protect the rights of people to be free from physical restraints and to be secure in their persons and homes.
GRAPHIC SUMMARY: The Security Amendments
2nd Amendment Gives states the right to maintain militias; does not give individuals the right to keep and bear arms
3rd Amendment Prohibits the unlawful quartering of soldiers in private homes 4th Amendment Prevents unlawful searches and seizing of people of their property 13th Amendment Ended slavery and involuntary servitude
The 2nd Amendment “A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.”
The Supreme Court has never accepted that this Amendment means each individual in allowed to keep arms. The Court has ruled that States have the right to regulate arms. Do you think the Supreme Court is interpreting this amendment correctly?
Answer these questions after completing this sections reading. What is probable cause? What does the writs of assistance referring to? What is the exclusionary rule?
Write a paragraph to answer the question. (Write at least 4 sentences)
Do you agree the courts use of the exclusionary rule?
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Chapter 20 Section 3: Rights of the Accused THE BIG IDEA: The American judicial system presumes that any person accused of a crime is innocent until proven guilty, and the Constitution upholds the rights of the accused.
GRAPHIC SUMMARY: Protections of the Accused (Complete the sections on this chart)
LEGAL TERM DEFINITION PURPOSE
writ of habeas corpus
bill of attainder
criminal law that applies to an act committed before its passage
indictment
prevents overzealous prosecutors from recklessly charging people with crimes
formal accusation brought by a grand jury on its own motion
allows grand jury to act when a prosecutor has some interest in not prosecuting
double jeopardy
bench trial
the defendant always has the right to a jury trial, but that may be waived if the defendant is fully aware of his or her rights
To prevent the police from coercing confessions or self-‐incriminating testimony from uniformed suspects
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Chapter 20 Section 4: Punishment THE BIG IDEA: In addressing the issue of punishment for crime, the 8th Amendment forbids excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment. GRAPHIC SUMMARY: Protections in Punishment of Crimes
Write a paragraph in order to answer the question. (Write at least 4 sentences) Describe treason in detail.
8th Amendment offers protection for those being punished for crimes.
Supreme Court allows capital punishment if applied fairly No cruel or
unusual punishment.
No Excessive or
unreasonably high bail.
Federal judges may order preventive detention.
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CHAPTER CIVIL RIGHTS: EQUAL JUSTICE UNDER LAW
Chapter 21 Section 1: Diversity and Discrimination in American Society THE BIG IDEA: While the United States has struggled to meet the constitutional ideal of equality for all, members of ethnic minorities and women have faced discrimination.
GRAPHIC SUMMARY: Heterogeneous American Society Complete this chart. (Be careful to check each vocab word has both a definition & example)
Heterogeneous Society
Definition: A society made up of people from different backgrounds. Example: The United States is a heterogeneous society, composed of whites, Native Americans, and many other ethnic groups.
Immigrants Definition: Example: Many African, Asian, and Hispanic immigrants reside in the United States.
Definition: People who leave their homes to seek protection from war, persecution, or some other danger. Example:
Definition: The process by which people of one culture merge into and become part of another culture. Example:
Discrimination Definition: Example:
Write a paragraph in order to answer the question. (Write at least 4 sentences)
In what ways have women been discriminated against in the United States?
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Chapter 21 Section 2: Equality Before the Law THE BIG IDEA: Federal law now includes safeguards to protect Americans from discrimination on the basis of race or sex.
Describe the difference between de jure segregation and de facto segregation.
DE JURE SEGREGATION
DE FACTO SEGREGATION
GRAPHIC SUMMARY: Path to Equality Before the Law
Answer the questions using the chart above? In what year did the Supreme Court rule in favor the segregated or separate-‐but equal schools? What constitutional amendment guarantees equal treatment under the law?
1868: 14th Amendment guarantees equal protection under the law to all Americans
1896: Supreme Court makes separate-‐but-‐equal doctrine constitutional.
1954: Supreme Court strikes down separate-‐but-‐equal doctrine, and integration begins.
1964: Civil Rights Act forbids the federal funding of State or local activities that support racial segregation.
Present: De facto segregation continues in many communities. Most laws that treat women differently from men have been successfully challenged in court.
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Chapter 21 Section 3: Federal Civil Rights Laws THE BIG IDEA: Federal laws passed in the 1950s and 1960s began the challenge against long-‐standing discrimination.
Describe the difference between affirmative action and reverse discrimination.
AFFIRMATIVE ACTION
REVERSE DISCRIMINATION
Write a paragraph in order to answer the question. (Write at least 4 sentences) Do you think Las Vegas should have a law that requires employers to have the workforce reflect the general make-‐up of the population?
Write a paragraph in order to answer the question. (Write at least 4 sentences)
Describe a time when you were (or you saw someone being) discriminated.
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Chapter 21 Section 4: American Citizenship THE BIG IDEA: People can receive American citizenship through birth, from their parents, or through the naturalization process.
GRAPHIC SUMMARY: Immigration Policy (FINISH THIS CHART)
CHANGES IN U.S. IMMIGRATION POLICY
DATE POLICY FEATURES Independence –
1880’s Open Frontier
1882 Severely limited immigration from Asia
1921-‐1929
Immigration Acts of 1921, 1924, and the National Origins Act of 1929
Modified quotas to cover all countries outside Western Hemisphere
1965 Immigration Act of 1965
Immigration Act of 1990
GRAPHIC SUMMARY: Ways of Gaining and Losing American Citizenship
Gain American Citizenship
Lose American Citizenship
by naturalization
by birth -‐jus soli, or law of soil -‐jus sanguinis, or law of the blood
by denaturalization
by expatriation