18250 enviromentel studies

8/12/2019 18250 Enviromentel Studies

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES


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What do we mean by Environment ????

Environment is what surrounds us !!

It is the sum total of all social, economical , biological , physical and

chemical factors which constitute the surroundings of humans, who

are both the creators and moulders of the environment.


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Components such as air, water, soil, land, forest, wildlife, flora ,fauna, etc. constitute the Natural Environment

Alteration of the natural environment to serve specific uses by the

human beings is termed as Anthropogenic Environment. For eg

agricultural field is an anthropogenic environment and so are the

gardens and aquaculture farms.


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Segments of Environment

There are four segments of Environment:

Lithosphere

Atmosphere

Hydrosphere

Biosphere


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What does each type of environment comprise of ?

There are two main components of Environment

Biotic Components

1. Autotrophs or producers

2. Heterotrophs or Consumers

Abiotic Components


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Biotic Components


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Abiotic Components


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How does Environment differ from Ecology


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Ecology

Branch of science that deals with the scientific study of the

interrelationships between living organisms with respect to

each other and to their surroundings.


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Common terms used in Ecology

Species

CommunityPopulation

Biome

HabitatVegetation

Biomass


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Why do we study Ecology ?

To know about the local and geographic distribution and abundance of

organisms.

To record the temporal changes in the occurrence, abundance, and

activities of organisms .

To understand the interrelationships between organisms in populations

and communities.

To understand the behaviour of organisms under natural conditions.


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Ecology and Man Environment Relationship :

Physical, biological and socio cultural adaptations


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Factors responsible for changing human-nature

relationships

Growing Human Population

Economic Development

Consumption of natural resources

Health hazards


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Do the terms Ecology and Environmental Studies mean the

same ?

The two terms are used commonly but differ with respect to theirscope and objectives

Environmental Studies refers to the study of environment. There are a

number of programs under Environmental Studies


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Multidisciplinary nature of Environmental Studies

Environmental Studies is a multidisciplinary subject that includes all

other disciplines such as humanities, commerce, metrology,

climatology, geography and other disciplines.


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Why it is important to study Environmental Studies

To get basic knowledge of our surroundings.

To develop skills for identifying and solving environmental

problems in our surroundings.

To maintain ecological balance and to strive to achieve sustainable

development.

To educate people for their duties towards environmental

protection.

I hi h h E i l di fi d ?


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Ecosystem

Structure and

Function

Natural resource

conservation

Environmental Pollution Control

Environmental Management

Research and

Development

In which areas the Environmental studies finds scope ?

M h d bli


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Methods to generate public awareness

The methods to generate environmental awareness generally

falls in two categories :

Formal Method

Introduction of Environmental Studies as a course in schools and

colleges

Non Formal Method

Mass media such as newspapers, magazine, radio, T.V., etc

Organizing meetings, seminars and conferences

Organizing various competitions

Through folk songs, street plays, TV serials, etc.


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Rajendra Kumar Pachauri has been serving as the

chairperson of the Intergovernmental Panel on

Climate Change (IPCC) since 2002. To acknowledge his

immense contribution to the field of environment, he

has been awarded the Padma Bhushan in 2008.

Sunita Narain is an Indian environmentalist and

political activist. Currently she is serving as theDirector, Centre for Science and Environment.

People in Environment


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Vandana Shiva is a philosopher,environmental activist, and feminist.

Through her active Campaigns she has

contributed in the areas of biodiversity,

biotechnology, genetic engineering, etc.

Anil Agarwal was a prominent Indian

environmentalist who redefined

environmental problems through the eyesof poor people.

Medha Patkar is an Indian social activist.She is known for her role in Narmada

Bachao Andolan.


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Sunderlal Bahugunais a noted environmentalist,

Chipko movement leader and a follower of

Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy of Non-violence

and Satyagraha.

Maneka Gandhi, is an Indian politician, animal

rights activist and environmentalist.


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