18.1 Electric Charge and Static Electricity

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E27XDNf2cxc

Electricity Video

Electric Charge Electric Charge The property of matter that gives it the ability to attract and repel other matter.

•  Atoms have positive charges (protons) •  Atoms have negative charges (electrons)

•  If an atom gains or loses electrons it becomes electrically charged

Electric Charge The Atom

Electric Forces Electric Force are the attraction and repulsion of electric charges

Law of Electrostatics   Like charges repel   Opposite charges attract

The strength of electric forces depends on the strength of the electric charges

Electric Forces

Electric Fields Electric Fields are the space around the charge particle that it can affect.

  An electric fields strength is dependent on two things:

1.  Strength of the charge 2.  Distance from the charge

Electric Fields

Static Electricity Static Electricity is the study of the behavior of electric charges, including how charges are transferred between objects.

  When walking across carpet with socks on your body collects negative charges

  Touching another object like a doorknob or your friend causes negative charge (electrons) to “jump” to the positive object

Static Electricity

Static Electricity

Three ways to transfer a charge:

1.  Friction 2.  Conduction (Direct Contact) 3.  Induction

Transferring Charges

Friction Charge transferred by objects rubbing together

Example Rubbing a balloon on your hair

Transferring Charges

Conduction Charge transferred by direct contact

Example A metal rod touching a charged object

Transferring Charges

Induction Charge transferred from a distance

Example Charged hand near a doorknob

Transferring Charges

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-n1pSHzdahc

Transferring Charges

18.1 Assessment

Question #1 How is a net electric charge produced?

An excess or shortage of electrons produces a net electrical charge.

Question #2 What determines whether charges attract or repel?

  Like charges will repel   Opposite charges will attract

18.1 Assessment

Question #3 Name two factors that affect the strength of an electric field.

1.  Net Charge 2.  Distance from the charge

Question #4 List three methods of charge transfer.

1.  Friction 2.  Conduction (Direct Contact) 3.  Induction

18.1 Assessment

Question #5 What is the Law of Electrostatics?

Like charges repel and opposite charges attract