16-1 the endocrine system
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 16
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y The endocrine system controls many of the bodysdaily activities as well as long-term changes such asdevelopmenty The endocrine system is made up of glands thatproduce chemicalsy Endocrine glands produce and release theirchemical products directly into the bloodstream to be
carried throughout the body
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HORMONE PRODUCTION
y Hormone- chemical productof an endocrine glandyHormones turn on, turn off,speed up, or slow down
different organs and tissuesy The brain controls the releaseof hormonesy
Adrenaline released cancause heart rate andrespiration increasey Hormones cause a slower,but longer-lasting response
than the nervous system
TARGET CELLS
y Hormones interact only withcertain target cells- cells thatrecognize the hormoneschemical structure
y Target cells and hormones fittogether like a lock & keyy Each endocrine gland releasesdifferent hormones andcontrols different processes
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y Hypothalamus- a tinypart of the brain near themiddle of your head, isthe link between theendocrine and nervoussystemy Nerve messagescontrolling sleep, hunger,
and other conditionscome from thehypothalamusy Hypothalamus plays amajor role in maintaining
homeostasis
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y Pituitary gland- located belowthe hypothalamus, itcommunicates with thehypothalamus to control many
body activitiesy Pituitary gland releaseshormones in response to nerveimpulses or hormone signals fromthe hypothalamusy
Some hormones act as onswitch for other endocrine glandsy Pituitary hormone signals thethyroid gland to producehormones, like HGH (human
growth hormone)
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y Endocrine system oftenworks through negativefeedback; as the amount of aparticular hormone in the
blood reaches a certain level,the endocrine system sendsignals that stop the releaseof that hormoney Negative feedback is animportant way that the bodymaintains stable internalconditions, or homeostasis
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y What role does the endocrine system play in the body? Whatare the organs of the endocrine system called?
Controls many of the bodys daily activities as well aslong-term changes; endocrine glandsy Explain one example of how negative feedback helps tomaintain internal stability in the body.
When the amount of a hormone in the blood reachesthe right level, the endocrine system signals the gland to stopproducing that hormone.
y How do the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland interact?The pituitary gland produces hormones in response to
nerve impulses or hormones sent out by the hypothalamusy Years ago, one of the endocrine glands was called themaster gland.Which part of the endocrine system would you
consider the master gland? Explain.