14.2 acid-base theories. 14.2 there are 3 theories to describe acids and bases
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14.2ACID-BASE THEORIES
14.2There are 3 theories to describe acids and bases.
14.2There are 3 theories to describe acids and bases.1. Arrhenius
2. Brønsted-Lowry
3. Lewis
14.2There are 3 theories to describe acids and bases.1. Arrhenius
Acid is a molecule that produces H+ in waterThe H coming from the acid is in a polar bond. The more polar the bond, the easier it is pulled away from the acid.
In an organic acid, the H pulled away comes from the -COOH.
14.2There are 3 theories to describe acids and bases.1. Arrhenius
Acid is a molecule that produces H+ in waterThe H coming from the acid is in a polar bond. The more polar the bond, the easier it is pulled away from the acid.
In an organic acid, the H pulled away comes from the -COOH.
H+ is attracted to H2O to form H3O+
14.2There are 3 theories to describe acids and bases.1. Arrhenius
Acid is a molecule that produces H+ in waterThe H coming from the acid is in a polar bond. The more polar the bond, the easier it is pulled away from the acid.
In an organic acid, the H pulled away comes from the -COOH.
H+ is attracted to H2O to form H3O+
Base is a compound that produces OH- in water.
14.2There are 3 theories to describe acids and bases.1. Arrhenius
Acid is a molecule that produces H+ in waterThe H coming from the acid is in a polar bond. The more polar the bond, the easier it is pulled away from the acid.
In an organic acid, the H pulled away comes from the -COOH.
H+ is attracted to H2O to form H3O+
Base is a compound that produces OH- in water.
What is limiting about this definition?
14.2There are 3 theories to describe acids and bases.2. Brønsted-Lowry
14.2There are 3 theories to describe acids and bases.2. Brønsted-Lowry
An acid is a substance (molecule or ion) that donates aproton (H+)
14.2There are 3 theories to describe acids and bases.2. Brønsted-Lowry
An acid is a substance (molecule or ion) that donates aproton (H+)
Monoprotic acids donate 1 H+
Diprotic acids donate 2 H+
Triprotic acids donate 3 H+
The first ionization produces the greatest number of H+
14.2There are 3 theories to describe acids and bases.2. Brønsted-Lowry
An acid is a substance (molecule or ion) that donates aproton (H+)
Monoprotic acids donate 1 H+
Diprotic acids donate 2 H+
Triprotic acids donate 3 H+
The first ionization produces the greatest number of H+
A base is a substance (molecule or ion) that accepts a H+
14.2There are 3 theories to describe acids and bases.2. Brønsted-Lowry
An acid is a substance (molecule or ion) that donates aproton (H+)
Monoprotic acids donate 1 H+
Diprotic acids donate 2 H+
Triprotic acids donate 3 H+
The first ionization produces the greatest number of H+
A base is a substance (molecule or ion) that accepts a H+
What is limiting about this definition?
14.2There are 3 theories to describe acids and bases.3. Lewis definition
An acid is a substance (atom, molecule, or ion) that accepts
a pair of electrons.A base is a substance (atom, molecule, or ion) that donates
a pair of electrons.
14.2Example 1: Identify the Brønsted-Lowry acid and base in
each equation. NH4
+(aq) + CN-(aq) HCN(aq) + NH3(aq)
14.2Example 1: Identify the Brønsted-Lowry acid and base in
each equation. (CH3)3N(aq) + H2O(l) (CH3)3NH+(aq) + OH-(aq)
14.2Example 1: Identify the Brønsted-Lowry acid and base in
each equation. HCHO2(aq) + PO4
3-(aq) CHO2-(aq) + HPO4
2-(aq)
14.2Example 1: Identify the Brønsted-Lowry acid and base in
each equation. H3O+(aq) + HPO4
2-(aq) H2PO4-(aq) + H2O(l)
14.2Example 2: Identify if the following acids are monoprotic,
diprotic, or triprotic.H2SO4
14.2Example 2: Identify if the following acids are monoprotic,
diprotic, or triprotic.H2SO4
CH3COOH
14.2Example 2: Identify if the following acids are monoprotic,
diprotic, or triprotic.H2SO4
CH3COOH
HClO4
14.2Example 2: Identify if the following acids are monoprotic,
diprotic, or triprotic.H2SO4
CH3COOH
HClO4
H2CO3
14.2Example 2: Identify if the following acids are monoprotic,
diprotic, or triprotic.H2SO4
CH3COOH
HClO4
H2CO3
HSO41-
14.2Example 2: Identify if the following acids are monoprotic,
diprotic, or triprotic.H2SO4
CH3COOH
HClO4
H2CO3
HSO41-
H3PO4
14.2Example 3: What ion species would be present when the
following weak acids dissolve in water?
H3PO4
14.2Example 3: What ion species would be present when the
following weak acids dissolve in water?
H2CO3