13131313CH

AP

TE

R

SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND

DESIGN

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© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Competencies

Describe the six phases of the systems life cycle

Identify information needs and formulate possible solutions

Analyze existing information systems & evaluate the feasibility of alternative systems

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Competencies cont.

Identify, acquire, and test new system software and hardware

Switch from an existing information system to a new one

Perform system audits and periodic evaluations

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System Analysis and Design

13-5

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Phase 1Preliminary Investigation

Define the problem

Suggest alternative systems

Prepare a short report

13-6

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Phase 2 – Analysis

Gathering data

Analyzing the data

Document systems

analysis

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Analyzing the Data

Checklist

Top-down analysis method

Grid charts

Decision tables

System flowcharts

Data flow diagrams

Automated design tools

13-8

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Phase 3Design

Designing alternative systemsEconomic feasibility

Technical feasibility

Operational feasibility

Selecting the best system

Write the systems design report

13-9

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Phase 4Development

Acquiring software

Acquiring hardware

Testing the new system

13-10

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Phase 5Implementation

Types of conversionDirect

Parallel

Pilot

Phased

Training

13-11

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Phase 6Maintenance

Ongoing activity

Two partsSystems audit

Periodic evaluation

13-12

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Prototyping and Rapid Applications Development

Alternative to the systems life cycle

Use if systems life cycle is not feasible

Prototyping is building a model

RAD – Rapid applications development

13-13

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A Look to the FutureRapid Change

Pace of business is now faster

To stay competitive, new technologies must be incorporated

Increased use of RAD and prototyping

Increased use of outside consulting

13-14

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Key Terms

automated design tool (365)

checklist (363)

Computer-aided software engineering tools (CASE) (365)

conversion (369)

data flow diagram (365)

decision table (364)

direct approach (369)

economic feasibility (367)

grid chart (364)

operational feasibility (367)

organization chart (362)

parallel approach (370)

phased approach (370)

13-15

© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Key Terms

pilot approach (370)

preliminary investigation (359)

prototyping (373)

rapid applications development (RAD) (373)

system (358)

system flowchart (364)

systems analysis (362)

systems analysis report (366)

systems analyst (358)

systems audit (372)

systems design (366)

systems design report (367)

13-16

© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Key Terms

systems development (368)

systems implementation (369)

systems life cycle (358)

systems maintenance (371)

technical feasibility (367)

top-down analysis method (363)

13-17

© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

FAQs

What is a system?

What are the responsibilities of a system analyst?

Why is a preliminary investigation important for a new information system?

List several of the tools used for the analysis of data.

What is prototyping?

13-18

© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Discussion Questions

What is systems analysis?

What are the three tasks of systems design? Explain.

Explain the four approaches to conversion to a new information system.

Explain the need for RAD.