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L ECTURE AND RECITATION NOTES ON C RIMINAL L AW IIWITH UPDATED S PECIAL P ENAL L AWS

(A TTY . M AXIMO P. A MURAO )----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ARTICLE 114 - T REASON

Who may commit treason? FILIPINO CITIZEN

Where may he commit treason? ANYWHERE

Are those who commit treason abroa crimina!!y !iab!e? YE"

Why is it that a Fi!i#ino citi$en may commit treason e%en i& abroa ?' (e&inition o& treason) conce#t o& a!!e*iance

What a!!e*iance is owe by a non'resi ent a!ien? Why are #ena! !aws territoria!? What is the territoria!ity #rinci#!e?

(oes this %io!ate the #rinci#!e o& territoria!ity? NO+ "ee Par+ ,- Art+ . o& the RPC /crimescommitte a*ainst nationa! sec0rity an the !aw o& the nations) treason is a crime a*ainst anationa! sec0rity- there&ore it &a!!s within the e1ce#tions2

Where may an a!ien commit treason? On!y in the Phi!i##ines) he owes tem#orary a!!e*iance tothe *o%t+ o& the Phi!+ in ret0rn &or #rotection he recei%es

What i& he was once a 3a#anese an then he becomes a nat0ra!i$e citi$en- may he sti!! be!iab!e &or treason? YE"+ There is no istinction ma e in Art+ 445

"0##osin* 0rin* time o& war- a Chinese b0sinessman- who has been resi in* in thePhi!i##ines &or ten years- eci es to %isit China+ Whi!e there- he commits treasono0s actsa*ainst the Phi!i##ines+ Is he !iab!e &or treason? "0##osin* 0rin* time o& war- a Chineseto0rist %isits the Phi!i##ines &or three ays+ On his thir ay o& stay- he commits treasono0sacts a*ainst the Phi!i##ines+ Is he !iab!e &or treason?

How is treason committe ?(1) By levying war against the government

"ho0! there be an act0a! mi!itary enco0nter with the *o%t+ &orces? Not necessari!y

Can this be committe by 60st one #erson? NO) 0se o& the wor 7EN in e!ement 84 Is it necessary that this assemb!y o& men be arme ? NO+ There is no 90a!i&ication in the !aw

"0##osin* the Phi!+ :o%t+ was at war with 3a#an+ We were a!! 0narme an we wereisc0ssin* ways an means o& e&&ecti%e!y e!i%erin* the *o%t+ into the han s o& &orei*n #ower+Liab!e &or treason? YE"+ Com#!ie with e!ements o& !e%yin* war

P REPARED BY : Dyann Kristi Catapang & Katheri Ann CharcosUPDATED BY: Katrina Ayn Ayza Cue, Louresse atricia !ane "oriaso & #ze$iel !oshua %illena

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(A TTY . M AXIMO P. A MURAO )----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

( ) By a'hering to the enemies an' giving them ai'

(0rin* the 3a#anese occ0#ation- certain Fi!i#inos were mo%in* aro0n - con%incin* the #eo#!ethat the #rinci#!es o& the *o%t+ o& 3a#an are better than that &o!!owe by the Phi!+ Treasono0s?

NO+ there is on!y a herence in this case /a herin* to the enemies an *i%in* ai or com&ortm0st conc0r2

"0##ose that 0rin* the 3a#anese occ0#ation- yo0 were a merchant en*a*e in the se!!in* o&wea#ons an yo0 were ha%in* transactions with the 3a#anese+ Treasono0s? YE"+ A herenceto the enemy may be im#!ie by the nat0re o& the act committe +

"0##ose yo0 were en*a*e in a trans#ortation b0siness) 3a#anese hire yo0r b0ses to trans#orttheir troo#s to another #ro%ince+ Liab!e? YE"+ It wi!! irect!y stren*then the enemy;s troo#s

"0##ose yo0 were a rice merchant s0##!yin* 3a#anese with rice+ Liab!e? NO+ (oes notstren*then enemy) no a herence on yo0r #art

"0##osin*- 0rin* time o& war- a yo0n* Fi!i#ina &a!!s in !o%e with a 3a#anese so! ier+ Is she!iab!e &or treason? What i& she s0##!ies names o& *0erri!!a !ea ers to him?

"0##osin* a #ro&essor- 0rin* time o& war- !ect0res abo0t the a %anta*es o& ha%in* a*o%ernment simi!ar to the 3a#anese+ Is he !iab!e &or treason?

"0##osin* a c!ass- isc0ss an %o!0nteer to o i&&erent means to he!# the 3a#anese /i+e+istrib0tion o& wea#ons- etc+2 Are the members !iab!e &or treason?

Conviction o T!"#$on

(1) Con "$$ion o %&i't < #!ea o& *0i!tyProsec0tion nee not #resent e%i ence b0t may #resent it on!y to show the #resence o&A::RA=ATIN: CIRC>7"TANCE "

( ) T"$ti on* o T+o ,itn"$$$"$ +it t " $# " ov"!t #ct

WHY? @eca0se it carries with it #ena!ty o& eath an it is committe in abnorma! circ0mstance

Testimony o& two witnesses to two i&&erent acts is not eno0*h &or con%iction) testimony o&two witnesses m0st be cre ib!e an be!ie%e by the co0rt

Is it eno0*h that there be two witnesses?

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(A TTY . M AXIMO P. A MURAO )---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Is #roo& beyon reasonab!e o0bt /P@R(2 s0&&icient to con%ict the acc0se ? NO+ There is

&0rther re90irement o& two witnesses who sho0! testi&y on the same o%ert act /treason is theon!y &e!ony in the entire RPC where P@R( is not s0&&icient2

E1tra60 icia! con&ession is not s0&&icient to con%ict a #erson o& treason) con&ession m0st bema e in o#en co0rt

P!o$"c&tion o T!"#$on

Witness 84 saw #ersona!!y the acc0se in the com#any o& a 3a#anese ma6or who went to theho0se o& a *0erri!!a o&&icer) saw the acc0se #oint at the *0erri!!a- an the !atter was tie anra**e +Witness 8. was wa!Bin* in the &arm !ocate across the br*y+ ha!!) saw the 6ee# where the*0erri!!a o&&icer was) saw him bein* ra**e by the 3a#anese- a&ter which they shot him+Is the .'witness r0!e com#!ie with? NO+

"0##ose the #rosec0tion #resente three witnesses b0t the co0rt *a%e cre ence on!y to onewitness+ Ac90it or con%ict? Ac90it &or non'com#!iance with the .'witness r0!e+

I& the common crimes were committe an was in any way connecte with the ob6ecti%es o&treason < !iabi!ity is se#arate

Acc0se was char*e with treason an 4 acts o& Bi na##in* with ransom #0r#ose o& ransomwas to &inance their /treasono0s2 acti%ities+ Liabi!ity? Treason+

ARTICLE 11 - C ONSPIRACY TO C OMMIT T REASON

ARTICLE 11/ - M ISPRISION O0 T REASON

How soon sho0! the isc!os0re be ma e? Within a reasonab!e #erio which wi!! e#en on the 60 *ement o& the 60 *e

@y any #erson? NO+ re&er to e!ement 84

(oes this %io!ate the #rinci#!e o& *enera!ity? Yes- it %io!ates @>T this is an e1#ress e1ce#tion by #ro%ision o& the !aw

"0##osin*- acc0se is #rosec0te &or 7T) a!!e*e in the in&o that bein* a Fi!i#ino citi$en- heowes #ermanent a!!e*iance an ha%in* Bnow!e *e o& #ersons who #er&orme acts w the %iewo& o%erthrowin* the *o%t+- he sho0! ha%e isc!ose the same+ Liab!e? NO+ Dnow!e *e wasa!rea y abo0t treason /in the &irst manner2 an not mere cons#iracy

"0##osin*- acc0se is resi ent o& a city) has Bnow!e *e o& cons#iracy) re&0se to isc!ose thematter to the mayor &isca! beca0se they are amon* the most corr0#t) isc!ose the matterirect!y to the AFP Chie& o& "ta&&+ Liab!e &or 7T? NO+ E%en i& the matter was not isc!ose to


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the #erson s s#eci&ie in the !aw- there was no intent on the #art o& the acc0se not to isc!osethe in&o+

"0##osin* a witness sees a *ro0# o& men- a!! 0narme - isc0ssin* means to committreasono0s acts a*ainst the *o%ernment+ He oes not isc!ose what he sees to anyone+ Liab!e?

ARTICLE 112 - E SPIONA%E

Where may es#iona*e in the &irst manner be committe /RPC2?

"0##ose that the >" onate armaments- etc+ to the Phi!+ :o%t+ to be 0se &or its war a*ainst7a!aysia) arms were store in a wareho0se in N0e%a Eci6a) news#a#er re#orter witho0ta0thority went insi e the wareho0se to taBe #hotos o& the arms) was sti!! , meters away &romthe wareho0se when he was accoste + Liab!e? YE"+ E!ements o& &irst manner o& committin*the crime were #resent

"0##osin*- a news#a#er man who was accoste to! the mi!itary o&&icers that he wante totaBe the #hotos o& the mo ern war&are that he rea in Remate /tab!oi 2+ Liab!e? NO beca0sewhat he inten s to obtain is not anymore con&i entia!) the matter has cease to be con&i entia!

beca0se o& its #re%io0s #0b!ication

"0##osin*- yo0 c!imbe a tree to #hoto*ra#h con&i entia! in&ormation+ 7ay yo0 be he! !iab!e&or es#iona*e 0n er the RPC? No+ @0t yo0 may be !iab!e &or %io!ation o& CA 4 +

7ay es#iona*e be committe in the Nationa! Library? In the @ene ictine Abbey?

"0##osin* yo0 #ai the 6anitor to obtain con&i entia! in&ormation &or yo0+ Are yo0 !iab!e &ores#iona*e 0n er the RPC? How abo0t the 6anitor?

7ay es#iona*e in the secon manner be committe by a #ri%ate #erson /RPC2? No+

"0##osin* a hi*h ranBin* mi!itary o&&icer isc!oses con&i entia! matters to a bea0ty contestant&rom another nation+ Is he !iab!e &or es#iona*e? Yes+ The !aw oes not istin*0ish &orei*nre#resentati%e+

ARTICLE 113 - I NCITIN% T O , AR OR %I IN% M OTI E 0OR R EPRISALS

"0##osin* #rotesters b0rn the >" &!a* in &ront o& the >" embassy- are they !iab!e? (oes theact ha%e a ten ency to #ro%oBe war a*ainst >"?

(oes the raisin* o& troo#s constit0te incitin* to war?

ARTICLE 115 - IOLATION O0 NEUTRALITY

ARTICLE 1 6 - C ORRESPONDENCE ,IT7 7 OSTILE C OUNTRY P REPARED BY : Dyann Kristi Catapang & Katheri Ann Charcos

UPDATED BY: Katrina Ayn Ayza Cue, Louresse atricia !ane "oriaso & #ze$iel !oshua %illena

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PAL &rom 7ani!a to (a%ao acc0se com#e!!e the #i!ot to %eer the #!ane a !itt!e to ri*ht &or aco0#!e o& min0tes+ =io!ation? Yes

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!earne ra#ist was in @aco!o + They search an &o0n him+ There is no warrant o& arrest+ 7ay N@I tasB &orce arrest an etain him? NO+ They on!y ha%e hearsay Bnow!e *e

/ 2 arrest o& a #risoner who esca#e

ARTICLE 1 - D ELAY IN T7E DELI ERY O0 DETAINED P ERSONS TO T7E P ROPER 9UDICIAL A UT7ORITIES

(istin*0ish &rom arbitrary etention

When oes etention in e!ay become i!!e*a!? >#on e1#iration o& the #erio s s#eci&ie

Reason behin the !aw to #re%ent any ab0se that may be committe a*ainst the acc0se so thathe can a%ai! o& any !e*a! ri*hts a%ai!ab!e to him+

To whom sho0! the e!i%ery be ma e? Co0rts o& 30stice

Is e!i%ery to &isca! s0&&icient? No+ He oesn;t &orm #art o& 60 icia! a0thority

7ay this be committe i& there is warrant o& arrest? NO+ E%en i& yo0 &ai! to e!i%er him asre90ire there is a!rea y a case in co0rt+

Bi!!e his nei*hbor in the co0rse o& their town &iesta+ There was a #o!ice o&&icer+ Po!iceo&&icer ma e the arrest beca0se he saw the Bi!!in*+ Within what ho0rs sho0! yo0 bee!i%ere ? ho0rs

"0##osin* yo0 were on!y e!i%ere on the J th ay+ What crime is committe by the #o!ice

o&&icer? =io!ation o& Art+ 4.,

What oes PO o i& he cannot e!i%er him so he may not be !iab!e? He sho0! re!ease him+

Ass0min* etention is a!rea y i!!e*a! oes this a&&ect the %a!i ity o& yo0r arrest? Yes+(etention became i!!e*a!+

(oes i!!e*a! etention a&&ect yo0r crime? No+

ARTICLE 1 / - D ELAYIN% R ELEAS "

Is there a #erio #rescribe ? Yes+ "ame as that #rescribe in Art 4.5 < 4, ays) 4, ays < months) months or more

ARTICLE 1 2 - E XPULSION

7ay a Fi!i#ino be e1#e!!e &rom the Phi!i##ines? NO


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Who can be e1#e!!e ? ALIEN" on!y

Who can or er e1#0!sion? @0rea0 o& Immi*ration an (e#ortation to be a##ro%e by theO&&ice o& the Presi ent

Con%ict has a!rea y ser%e the minim0m term o& his sentencean rea y to be re!ease &or #aro!e) con ition in his #aro!e &i1es his resi ence e%en a*ainst his wi!!+ Is con ition %a!i ? YE"

"0##osin* the 7ayor o& City o& 7ani!a- in or er to sto# #rostit0tion he arreste an sent a!! #rostit0tes to @asi!an+ Is he !iab!e? Yes+

7ay an a!ien be e#orte by the @0rea0 o& Immi*ration witho0t %io!atin* Art 4.J? Yes beca0se the @0rea0 o& Immi*ration has the a0thority to o so+

7ay co0rt or er con%ict to chan*e the resi ence by %irt0e o& Probation Law? Yes+ There isa0thority o& !aw) co0rt by &ina! 60 *ment+ How abo0t by %irt0e o& I"LAW? (an*ero0s (r0*sAct? Yes to both+ Laws) *rantin* a0thority

ARTICLE 1 3 - IOLATION O0 DOMICILE

30 icia! or er K search warrant

"earch Warrant an or er in writin* iss0e in the name o& the Peo#!e o& the Phi!s- si*ne by a 60 *e an irecte to a #eace o&&icer- comman in* him to search &or #ersona! #ro#ertyescribe therein an brin* it be&ore the co0rt

.e/uisites* /42 #robab!e ca0se) /.2 &or one o&&ense / 2 to be etermine #ersona!!y by the 60 *e/52 #artic0!ar escri#tion o& #!ace- #ersons an thin*s

E&&ect o& "W that was not !e*a!!y obtaine thin*s sei$e wo0! be ina missib!e in e%i ence

"0##ose N@I a*ents con 0cte a s0r%ei!!ance o#erations &or . weeBs- a&ter which they werecon%ince that there is a shab0 !ab in a certain com#o0n + The a*ents a##!ie &or the iss0anceo& "W &or %io!ation o& ((A an &or i!!e*a! #ossession o& &irearms+ Arme with the "W- thea*ents rai e the !ab+ Is the "W iss0e by the co0rt %a!i ? NO'warrant was iss0e &or twoo&&enses

Warrant was iss0e &or %io!ation o& ((A- when a*ents entere the com#o0n - they saw thewareho0se oor was o#en- thro0*h which they can see hi*h #owere &irearms+ They sei$es0ch &irearms+ 7ay these be a missib!e in e%i ence? NO'not inc!0 e in "W


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"0##ose co0rt iss0e a "W &or the sei$0re o& e90i#ment 0se in the #ro 0ction o& shab0)!ocation o& shab0 !ab is in a com#o0n white ho0se- b!0e *ate+ =a!i ? NO < #!ace was not

#artic0!ar!y escribe

"0##ose the "W was iss0e &or i!!e*a! #ossession o& &irearms- or erin* the o&&icers to sei$ehi*h'#owere &irearms in the con o 0nit o& the acc0se !ocate in the , th &!oor) a*ents saw thatthere were se%era! 0nits in sai &!oor so they in90ire ) rai e the con o 0nit a&ter the in90iry+=a!i ? NO < #!ace not #artic0!ar!y escribe

"0##ose the co0rt iss0e a "W a*ainst the acc0se &or %io!ation o& the interna! re%en0e !aw-or erin* the sei$0re o& ALL oc0ments containe insi e the . cabinets in the o&&ice o& theacc0se ) a*ents im#!emente the warrant) *ot a!! the oc0ments+ Prosec0tor on!y #resentethose materia! an re!e%ant to the o&&ense+ =a!i ? NO < thin*s sei$e were not #artic0!ar!yescribe therein

N@I a*ents a##!ie &or "W a*ainst the ho0se sai to be a shab0 !ab+ It was a!most ,#m whenthy arri%e at the o&&ice o& the 60 *e) 60 *e was in a h0rry so he instr0cte the c!erB to recei%ethe e%i ence the a*ents may #resent in s0##ort o& their a##!ication- ra&t the or er an brin* ittot the 60 *e+ E%erythin* was one by the c!erB+ Or er was bro0*ht to the 60 *e who si*ne it+A*ents im#!emente the warrant+ =a!i ? NO < #robab!e ca0se was not etermine #ersona!!y

by the 60 *e

7ay 60 *e e!e*ate s0ch 0ty? NO+ It is #ersona!+

7o+ i$ vio'#tion o

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( ) -y searching0is it necessary that the entry be one a*ainst the wi!! o& the owner? NO < it is s0&&icient that theentry is witho0t the consent o& the owner+

( ) -y re using to leave0' s0rre#titio0s entry secret!y enterin* the ho0se

Po!ice entere the ho0se thro0*h the c!ose bacB oor which he o#ene + Once insi e- ownersaw him an asBe him to !ea%e+ O&&icer !e&t+ Liab!e? YE"- 0n er the &irst manner < c!oseoor constit0tes #rohibition

What cons0mmates the crime? Re&0sa! to !ea%e the #remises

"0##osin* a #o!ice o&&icer- with the intention o& searchin* the #remises o& yo0r ho0se- enterethro0*h the s!i*ht!y o#ene &ront oor witho0t yo0r consent+ Howe%er- be&ore he be*an hissearch- his attention was ca0*ht by the #ict0re o& a bea0ti&0! woman #oste on yo0r wa!!+Whi!e he was intent!y starin* at the #ict0re- yo0 catch him insi e yo0r ho0se an or er him to!ea%e- which he imme iate!y oes+ Is he !iab!e &or %io!ation o& omici!e? No+ He is not !iab!e

beca0se he i not commit any o& the three acts 0n er Artic!e 4.M+ There is no im#!ie #rohibition beca0se the oor was s!i*ht!y o#ene ) he i con 0ct any search) he i not re&0seto !ea%e the ho0se a&ter ha%in* been re90ire to o so+

ARTICLE 1 5 - S EARC7 , ARRANTS M ALICIOUSLY O BTAINED >AND A BUSE IN T7E SER ICE O0 T7OSE L E%ALLY O BTAINED

Is #er60ry necessary in ma!icio0s!y obtainin* a search warrant?

What i& an i!!e*a! &irearm was act0a!!y &o0n base on a ma!icio0s!y obtaine search warrant&or i!!e*a! #ossession o& &irearm?

M#nn"! o Co i$$ion(1) maliciously o-taining

"0##ose yo0 ha%e a #ersistent s0itor whom yo0 on;t !iBe so yo0 re6ecte him+ He t0rne o0tto be an N@I o&&icer an he ens0e an a##!ication &or "W a*ainst yo0r &ather &or Bee#in*&irearms in yo0 ho0se- which is not tr0e+ The warrant was iss0e + What crime s may he be!iab!e &or? Per60ry an #roc0rement o& "W w o 60st ca0se

"0##ose he came to yo0 an to! yo0 that 0n!ess yo0 answer him- he wi!! im#!ement thewarrant+ In or er to sa%e yo0r &ather- yo0 answere him+ Is he !iab!e &or #roc0rin* "W w o

60st ca0se? YE"+ The crime is cons0mmate by the mere act o& obtainin* the "W) it nee not be im#!emente +

( ) a-use in the service


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(A TTY . M AXIMO P. A MURAO )---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Is it necessary that the act be committe insi e a #!ace o& re!i*io0s worshi#? NO+

Is it necessary that it be one in a ch0rch? No+ What is im#ortant is that what is interr0#te is aceremony+

ARTICLE 1 - O 00ENDIN% T7E R ELI%IOUS 0 EELIN%S

Whose #oint o& %iew sho0! be consi ere to etermine the act as notorio0s!y o&&ensi%e? Theworshi##ers+

"0##osin* acc0se #!ace the stat0te o& the =ir*in 7ary in the a!tar an cho##e it in #ieces+He c!aime that the =ir*in 7ary was on!y ma e o& woo + 7ay he be !iab!e &or %io!ation o&Artic!e 4 ? Yes+

ARTICLE 1 4 - R EBELLION OR I NSURRECTION

Can it be committe by on!y one #erson? NO+ It is a crime o& the masses

7anner o& con%iction #roo& beyon reasonab!e o0bt /.'witness r0!e is not necessary2

Is it necessary that they en*a*e the *o%ernment &orces in act0a! combat? NO+

"0##osin* common crimes are committe + What crime is committe ? I& the common crimewas committe in &0rtherance o& the ob6ecti%es o& rebe!!ion- the common crime is absorbe inthe crime o& rebe!!ion

"0##osin* an NPA comman er ha an enco0nter in 7in oro+ They amb0she the mi!itary+What crimes are committe ? Rebe!!ion on!y+ 7ay they be #rosec0te &or m0r er? No+ It isabsorbe in rebe!!ion+

"0##osin* they ra#e the a0*hter o& the @aran*ay Ca#tain? Liab!e a!so &or ra#e as it is notconnecte with any #o!itica! #0r#ose+

"0##osin* the NPA comman er amb0she the *o%ernor &or bein* corr0#t+ What crime iscommitte ? Rebe!!ion

"0##ose an NPA asBe yo0 to encash some o& their checBs an to e!i%er them+ Liab!e? NO 'mere a herence to the enemy by *i%in* them ai or com&ort is not #0nishab!e 0n er rebe!!ion

7embers o& the NPA Bi na##e a Chinese merchant an eman e a ransom+ >#on #ayment-the Chinese was re!ease an the ransom was *i%en to the o&&icers o& the NPA &or its &inances+Crime committe ? Rebe!!ion on!y+

"0##ose the Bi na##ers istrib0te the ransom amon* themse!%es+ Crime? Di na##in*


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arms a*ainst- or is not in o#en hosti!ity with the *o%ernment) o&&en er in this case was a!rea ya member o& the NPA

"0##osin*- an or inary baran*ay !ea er who was &e 0# with the Arroyo a ministration-thor0*h s#eeches- #ers0a e an con%ince #eo#!e to 6oin him in the &i*ht a*ainst the*o%ernment- what crime was committe ? 5nciting to re-ellion

"0##ose the a0 ience be&ore whom he s#oBe were &ina!!y in 0ce an #ers0a e by him to 6oin the mo%ement an o%erthrow the *o%ernment- what crime was committe ? .e-ellion - beca0se the #ersons in 0ce wo0! be #rinci#a!s by irect #artici#ation) #erson who in 0cewo0! be a #rinci#a! by in 0cement

>sin* the same &acts- i& they were not con%ince - what crime was committe ? 5nciting tore-ellion

ARTICLE 1 5 - S EDITION 7 O, COMMITTED

When is #0b!ic 0#risin* eeme to be t0m0!t0o0s? Artic!e 4 < i& it is ca0se by more thanthree / 2 #ersons who are arme or are #ro%i e with means o& %io!ence

"0##osin*- ten /4 2 #ersons who are arme #0r#ose is to #re%ent the ho! in* o& a re&eren 0mthro0*h &orce- etc+- are they !iab!e? NO- re&eren 0m is i&&erent &rom an e!ection

"0##osin*- se%era! members in the baran*ay- 0rin* the e!ctions- arme themse!%es an #rocee e to the #recincts an #re%ente the e!ections o&&icers) ins#ectors- etc+ &rom #er&ormin* their 0ties- what crime was committe ? "e ition- 0n er the 4 st #0r#ose

>sin* the same &acts- b0t the o&&icers were #re%ente &rom #er&ormin* their 0ties 0rin* are&eren 0m- are they !iab!e &or se ition? YE"- 0n er the . n #0r#ose

ARTICLE 146 - P ENALTY 0OR SEDITION

ARTICLE 141 - C ONSPIRACY TO C OMMIT SEDITION

ARTICLE 14 - I NCITIN% TO SEDITION

How committe ?

/42 incitin* others to the accom#!ishment o& any o& the acts which constit0te se ition by meanso& s#eeches- #roc!amations- writin*s- emb!ems- etc+

/.2 0tterin* se itio0s wor s or s#eeches which ten to ist0rb the #0b!ic #eace

' c!ear an #resent an*er r0!e' an*ero0s ten ency r0!e


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/ 2 writin*- #0b!ishin*- or circ0!atin* sc0rri!o0s !ibe!s a*ainst the *o%ernment or any o& the 0!yconstit0te a0thorities thereo& which ten to ist0rb the #0b!ic #eace

"0##osin* incite others to commit se ition an they commit se ition+ What crime may be !iab!e &or? "e ition &or #rinci#a! by in 0cement beca0se "e ition was committe +

7ay the crime o& incitin* to se ition be committe by mere si!ence? YE"- by Bnowin*!yconcea!in* s0ch e%i! #ractices /one o& the ways o& committin* incitin* to se ition2

ARTICLE 14 - A CTS TENDIN% TO PRE ENT T7E MEETIN% O0 T7E A SSEMBLY AND SIMILAR BODIES

ARTICLE 144 - D ISTURBANCE O0 PROCEEDIN%S

7ay an acc0se #0t o0b!e 6eo#ar y as a e&ense? No+ "e#arate #ower o& Con*ress+

ARTICLE 14 - IOLATION O0 P ARLIAMENTARY I MMUNITY

(1) By using orce or intimi'ation' #re%entin* a member &rom atten in* a meetin*

"0##osin*- there is an in%esti*ation in @asi!an to &in o0t how some members o& the Ab0"ayya& were ab!e to esca#e) a mi!itary o&&icer ab 0cte a member o& the Con*ress who wasa!ways taBin* an anta*onistic #osition a*ainst them- what crime was committe ? 7ay themi!itary o&&icer be he! &or Bi na##in*? (i the sin*!e act o& the mi!itary o&&icer *i%e rise totwo /.2 &e!onies /Bi na##in* an %io!ation o& #ar!iamentary imm0nity2? Crimes areCO7PLE E( 0n er Artic!e 5M- 4 st #art- o& the RPC /when a sin*!e act constit0tes two ormore *ra%e or !ess *ra%e &e!onies2

( ) By arresting or searching

"0##osin*- a con*ressman committe the crime o& homici e /#ena!ty is rec!0sion tem#ora!2an he was arreste whi!e he was on his way to the session ha!! o& Con*ress- was the arrest!aw&0!? YE"

"0##osin*- Con*ress was in session &or months- startin* 30!y 4) the Con*ressman wasarreste on A0*0st .M whi!e he was at home) #ena!ty &or the crime he committe was , years-

was the arrest !aw&0!? NO- re&er to the e&inition o& Gsession

ARTICLE 14/ - I LLE%AL A SSEMBLIES

0i!$t o! o i''" #' #$$" ?'*


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in&!icte harm on him- what crime was committe ? Direct Assault - !awyers are consi ere #ersons in a0thority- an he was attacBe by reason o& the #er&ormance o& his o&&icia! 0ties asa !awyer

"0##osin* a #ro&essor was in the mi !e o& isc0ssin* !essons in c!ass when his nei*hbor-who ha a !on* time #ersona! *r0 *e a*ainst him- thro0*h a stone at the #ro&essor- which hithim on the hea an Bi!!e him+ 7ay the o&&en er be !iab!e &or irect assa0!t? YE"+ TheReason &or attacB immateria! i& one in the act0a! #er&ormance i& 0ty

What i& the Bi!!in* was one whi!e the #ro&essor was wa!Bin* on his way home? No < there isno irect assa0!t+

What i& the nei*hbor was act0a!!y a &ormer st0 ent an he Bi!!e the #ro&essor whi!e on hisway home beca0se the !atter &ai!e him in c!ass+ 7ay the o&&en er be !iab!e &or irect assa0!t?Yes < the attacB was one connecte with #er&ormance o& o&&icia! 0ty

7ay a #erson in a0thority be !iab!e &ro irect assa0!t committe a*ainst s0bor inate? YE"+0a!i&ie assa0!t < It is an a**ra%atin* circ0mstance when an o&&en er s a #0b!ico&&icer em#!oyee

"0##osin* a #ro%incia! *o%ernor %io!ate the tra&&ic r0!es an re*0!ations+ A tra&&ic en&orcersto##e him an *a%e him a ticBet+ The *o%ernor *ot ma an shot the tra&&ic en&orcer+ 7aythe *o%ernor be !iab!e &or irect assa0!t? YE"+ Position is immateria!+

ARTICLE 145 - I NDIRECT A SSAULTS

Can on!y be committe in the occasion o& irect assa0!t (oes ac90itta! in (A a!so mean an ac90itta! in IA? It e#en s on the *ro0n o& ac90itta!+ I&

ac90itte beca0se the act oes not constit0te irect assa0!t it a!so means the #erson sha!! beac90itte &or in irect assa0!t) i& ac90itte &or reasons which are #ersona! on!y to the acc0se - itsha!! not mean ac90itta! in IA+ This inc!0 es bein* ac90itte beca0se o& insanity or minority+ I&ac90itte beca0se there is no *0i!t beyon reasonab!e o0bt- not ac90itte in IA+ This wo0!mean that there is a crime o& (A howe%er *0i!t o& acc0se was not s0&&icient!y #ro%en

It is necessary that the o&&en er has Bnow!e *e that the #erson assa0!te is a #erson in a0thorityor his a*ent? Yes+ Absence o& Bnow!e *e may constit0te a e&ense o& *oo &aith

ARTICLE 1 6 - D ISOBEDIENCE TO SUMMONS ISSUED BY T7E NATIONAL A SSEMBLY >ITS COMMITTEES AND SUBCOMMITTEES >BY T7E C ONSTITUTIONAL C OMMISSIONS >ITS COMMITTEES >SUBCOMMITTEES OR DI ISIONS

ARTICLE 1 1 - R ESISTANCE AND D ISOBEDIENCE TO A P ERSON IN A UT7ORITY OR T7E A %ENTS O0 SUC7 P ERSON


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(A TTY . M AXIMO P. A MURAO )----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ARTICLE 1 - P ERSONS IN A UT7ORITY AND A %ENTS O0 P ERSONS IN A UT7ORITY , 7O S7ALL BE DEEMED A S SUC7

P"!$on$ in A&t o!it*' irect!y %este with 60ris iction' E1am#!es mayor- 60 *e- con*ressman- members o& the boar o& irectors-

teachers- a ministrators / ean- rector- Cha#!ain2- !awyers i& in act0a! #er&ormanceo& #ro&essiona! 0ty or attacBe beca0se o& s0ch reason

A "nt o @"!$on in #&t o!it*' not %este with 60ris iction' 0ty is the #rotection o& #ersons an #ro#erty' maintenance o& #0b!ic or er ' E1am#!es #o!iceman- baran*ay tano - members o& the mi!itary

ARTICLE 1 - T UMULTS AND O T7ER D ISTURBANCES O0 P UBLIC O RDER

ARTICLE 1 4 - U NLA,0UL M EANS O0 P UBLICATION AND UNLA,0UL UTTERANCES

7o+ Co itt" 0 OR%IN% T7E S I%NATURE OR STAMP O0 T7E C 7IE0 E XECUTI E

ARTICLE 1/ - U SIN% 0 OR%ED S I%NATURE OR C OUNTER0EIT SEAL OR STAMP

"0##osin*- the acc0se has a #en in* shi#ment- which is Be#t by the c0stoms an cannot bere!ease beca0se o& &ai!0re to com#!ete the #ayment o& c0stoms 0ties) asBe his &rien &rom7a!acanan* to *et an en orsement &rom the Presi ent) his &rien &or*e the Presi ent;ssi*nat0re an *a%e the en orsement to the acc0se ) shi#ment was then re!ease + Can theacc0se be he! !iab!e 0n er this Artic!e? NO- there was no Bnow!e *e on his #art that thesi*nat0re o& the Presi ent on the en orsement was &or*e

Is this an act o& accessory? Yes b0t i& acc0se is #0nishe as #rinci#a! o& Artic!e 4 . he is notan accessory o& Artic!e 4 4+

ARTICLE 1/ - M A IN% AND I MPORTIN% AND UTTERIN% 0 ALSE C OINS

ARTICLE 1/4 - M UTILATION O0 C OINS

Is mere #ossession o& co0nter&eite coins with Bnow!e *e maBe one !iab!e? No- there m0st beact0a! 0tterin* an intent

ARTICLE 1/ - S ELLIN% O0 0 ALSE OR M UTILATED C OIN > , IT7OUT C ONNI ANCE

ARTICLE 1// - 0 OR%IN% T REASURY OR BAN N OTES OR O T7ER DOCUMENTS P AYABLE TO BEARER IMPORTIN% >AND UTTERIN% SUC7 0 ALSE OR 0 OR%ED NOTES AND DOCUMENTS


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What may be the s0b6ect o& &or*ery? (oes this inc!0 e treas0ry or circ0!ar notes iss0e by a&orei*n banB be s0b6ect? How abo0t those iss0e by the Phi!i##ines?

ARTICLE 1/2 C OUNTER0EITIN% > IMPORTIN% >AND UTTERIN% I NSTRUMENTS NOT P AYABLE TO BEARER

ARTICLE 1/3 I LLE%AL P OSSESSION AND T7E USE O0 0 ALSE T REASURY OR BAN NOTES AND O T7ER INSTRUMENTS O0 C REDIT

"0##osin* 0se &a!se banB note to #ay &or his the *roceries) he i not Bnow that it is &aBe-may he be !iab!e &or #ossession?

What is the #res0m#tion? Acc0se is the a0thor o& the &or*ery when he is &o0n in #ossessiono& &a!se treas0ry notes- etc+ It is #res0me there is intention to 0tter+

ARTICLE 1/5 - 7 O, 0 OR%ERY IS C OMMITTED

"0##osin* was in the #ossession o& a swee#staBes ticBet+ On!y the !ast n0mber is i&&erent&rom the winnin* combination so he chan*e it an #resente it as the winnin* ticBet+ 7ay

be he! !iab!e?

How wo0! yo0 c!assi&y the !ottery ticBet- is it #ayab!e to bearer or or er? It is #ayab!e to bearer

ARTICLE 126 - 0 ALSI0ICATION O0 L E%ISLATI E DOCUMENTS

ARTICLE

121 - 0ALSI0ICATION

BY

PUBLIC

O00ICER

> EMPLOYEE

OR

NOTARY

OR

ECCLESIASTICAL

M INISTER

(i&&erentiate Artic!e 4J &rom Artic!e 4J4 (etermine the nat0re o& the oc0ment &a!si&ie - i& itis !e*is!ati%e re*ar !ess o& o&&en er it is 0n er Art 4J + I& it is not !e*is!ati%e an &a!si&ie by a

#0b!ic o&&icer who taBes a %anta*e o& his #osition o&&ice it &a!!s 0n er Art 4J4+

An ecc!esiastica! minister is !iab!e on!y when the &a!si&ication a&&ects ci%i! stat0s o& #ersons annot ones re!i*ion

>n er &o0rth manner commission- the entry &a!si&ie m0st be a &act not an o#inion

"0##osin* a #risoner was arreste on 3an0ary .- . 4 b0t the arrestin* o&&icer &ai!e to e!i%erwithin ho0rs to #ro#er a0thorities- th0s maBin* him !iab!e 0n er Artic!e 4.,+ To a%oi

bein* re#riman e - the o&&icer chan*e the ate o& arrest to 3an0ary - . . < ate o&t0rno%er+ Is he !iab!e 0n er the &i&th manner o& commission? YE"+ (ate is essentia!+


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What i& the ate o& arrest was on 3an0ary .- . 4 an the #risoner was e!i%ere on 3an0ary -. 4+ The o&&icer #!ace the ate as 3an0ary ,- . 4 as ate o& arrest+ Is he !iab!e 0n er the&i&th manner o& commission? NO+ (ate was not essentia!+

"0##osin* the "ecretary o& PRC is in char*e with Bee#in* the *ra es o& boar e1aminees+ "hechan*e the *ra e o& one e1aminee &rom J4 to JJ+ 7ay she be !iab!e 0n er the si1th mannero& commission? Yes+

"0##osin* the Loca! Ci%i! Re*istrar iss0e a birth certi&icate to show yo0 were born ear!ier so can r0n &or mayor+ Is the LCR !iab!e? Yes+

ARTICLE 12 - 0 ALSI0ICATION BY P RI ATE I NDI IDUALS AND T7E U SE O0 0 ALSI0IED D OCUMENTS

7ay there be a crime o& esta&a thro0*h &a!si&ication o& #0b!ic- o&&icia! or commercia!

oc0ments? Yes+ There is no com#!e1 crime o& esta&a thro0*h &a!si&ication o& a #ri%ateoc0ment since both ha%e the same e!ement < ama*e+ (etermine which crime was &irstcommitte by the acc0se + The &irst crime committe is his &irst !iabi!ity+

"0##osin* 0se a &a!si&ie oc0ment in an a ministrati%e #rocee in*? What crime may he be !iab!e &or? >se o& &a!si&ie oc0ments &or other transaction

What i& he was a##!yin* &or a !oan in a banB- an he 0se a &a!se oc0ment- what crime mayhe be !iab!e &or? >se o& &a!si&ie oc0ments &or other transaction

ARTICLE 12 - 0 ALSI0ICATION O0 , IRELESS > CABLE > TELE%RAP7 >AND T ELEP7ONE M ESSA%ES >AND USE

O0 SAID 0 ALSI0IED M ESSA%E

ARTICLE 124 - 0 ALSE M EDICAL C ERTI0ICATES > CERTI0ICATE O0 M ERIT OR SER ICE >AND T7E L I E

"0##osin* A asBe his &ather- a octor- to a me ica! certi&icate to e1c0se him &rom c!asses+The &ather iss0e the certi&icate statin* that was reco%erin* &rom &e%er an ha to rest &orthree ays when in &act- was ne%er i!!+ Who may be !iab!e 0n er Artic!e 4J5? The &ather+

What i& it was ;s mother who iss0e mother the certi&icate- who is !iab!e? The mother+

"0##osin* #resente it to his #ro&essor+ 7ay he be !iab!e &or the commission o& a crime?

Yes he is !iab!e 0n er Artic!e 4J, 0sin* &a!se certi&icates+

"0##osin* wante to a##!y &or a #osition in a com#any- which re90ires at !east se%en yearso& worB e1#erience+ on!y ha two years o& worB e1#erience so he asBe a &ormer s0#erior toiss0e a certi&icate statin* that he has ha 4 years o& worB e1#erience+ 7ay his s0#erior be!iab!e? Yes &or iss0in* a &a!se certi&icate o& ser%ice

ARTICLE 12 - U SIN% 0 ALSE C ERTI0ICATES P REPARED BY : Dyann Kristi Catapang & Katheri Ann Charcos


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ARTICLE 12/ - M ANU0ACTURIN% AND P OSSESSION O0 I NSTRUMENTS OR I MPLEMENTS 0OR 0 ALSI0ICATION

"0##osin* a rai in the ho0se o& E+ The rai in* team con&iscate an e90i#ment 0se in themaBin* o& &a!si&ie Phi!i##ine money+ 7ay E be !iab!e &or #ossession? No- there m0st beintent to 0se+

ARTICLE 122 - U SURPATION O0 A UT7ORITY

In 0s0r#ation o& a0thority- is it necessary to act0a!!y #er&orm the 0ty? NO

"0##osin* the acc0se was in a #arty an he wante to im#ress a *ir!+ He intro 0ce yo0rse!&as a PNP o&&icer+ 7ay he be !iab!e? YE"+

"0##osin* A went to a Chinese "tore+ He intro 0ce himse!& as an a*ent &rom @IR when in

&act he was not+ He c!aime that he wante to ins#ect the store;s booB o& acco0nts+ Whatcrime is committe ? >s0r#ation o& A0thority+

What i& the owner acce e an A was ab!e to ins#ect the booB o& acco0nts+ What is A;scrimina! !iabi!ity? >s0r#ation o& o&&icia! &0nction

"0##osin* an 77(A tra&&ic en&orcer was s0s#en e &or months+ (0rin* his s0s#ension- hecontin0e to wear his 0ni&orm an irecte tra&&ic in a ma6or intersection+ What crime may he

be !iab!e &or? >s0r#ation o& o&&icia! &0nction

ARTICLE 123 - U SIN% 0 ICTITIOUS NAME AND C ONCEALIN% T RUE N AME

"0##osin* to! Y he is sin*!e so that he can co0rt the !atter+ Y !ater isco%ere that ismarrie + Liabi!ity? Is one;s stat0s an essentia! #art o& his i entity?

ARTICLE 125 - I LLE%AL USE O0 UNI0ORMS OR I NSI%NIA

"0##osin* a PNP o&&icer who was ismisse &rom ser%ice wore his 0ni&orm an went to a #0b!ic &0nction+ 7ay he be !iab!e? Yes+ He is no !on*er a0thori$e to wear the 0ni&orm+

"0##osin* P went to a whore ho0se+ He went to a room with many *ir!s wearin* i&&erent0ni&orms inc!0 in* those o& a n0n- a n0rse- a st0 ent- an a &ire &i*hter+ 7ay the *ir!s be

!iab!e? Yes+

ARTICLE 136 - 0 ALSE T ESTIMONY A %AINST A DE0ENDANT

"0##osin* C &a!se!y testi&ie in a crimina! case a*ainst his nei*hbor+ Testimony was not *i%encre ence+ 7ay he sti!! be !iab!e &or Artic!e 4M ? Yes+ What the !aw #0nishes is the mere act o&*i%in* &a!se testimony in a case+ Whether it is be!ie%e by the co0rt or not is immateria! as ithas the ten ency to e*ra e the a ministration o& 60stice an mis!ea 60stice+


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ARTICLE 131 - 0 ALSE T ESTIMONY 0 A ORABLE TO T7E D E0ENDANT

"0##osin* 7 was a e&en ant in a crimina! case+ He &a!se!y testi&ie in co0rt in his &a%or+ 7ayhe be #rosec0te &or &a!se testimony in &a%orab!e to the e&en ant? Yes - whi!e he has theri*ht to testi&y in his beha!&- this ri*ht o not carry with it the ri*ht to testi&y &a!se!y+

ARTICLE 13 - 0 ALSE T ESTIMONY IN C I IL C ASES

ARTICLE 13 - 0 ALSE T ESTIMONY IN O T7ER C ASES AND P ER9URY IN SOLEMN A 00IRMATION

"0##ose a #erson ie + The heirs cannot a*ree e1tra60 icia!!y+ In the co0rse o& the 60 icia!sett!ement- one o& the heirs testi&ie &a!se!y+ Is he !iab!e? Yes+ The 60 icia! sett!ement isneither a crimina! nor ci%i! case

"0##osin* a *0ar ianshi# #rocee in* is #en in* in co0rt+ In or er that this be a##ro%e - testi&ie &a!se!y in his &a%or+ Is a *0ar ianshi# #rocee in* a ci%i! case? No+ It is a s#ecia!

#rocee in*+ What crime is he !iab!e &or? Per60ry

"0##osin* an em#!oyee &i!es an i!!e*a! ismissa! #rocee in*+ He e1ec0te a &a!se a&&i a%it+What crime may he be !iab!e &or? Per60ry

7ay #er60ry be committe thr0 ne*!i*ence- im#r0 ence? No+ There m0st be a wi!&0! ane!iberate assertion o& &a!sehoo

Is *oo &aith a e&ense? Yes+ Assertion m0st be e!iberate or intentiona!

"0##osin* nee e to #resent ri%er;s !icense &or his a##!ication+ He e1ec0te an a&&i a%it o&!oss which state that his !icense *ot !ost when wa!!et was snatche + Tr0th is !icense wascon&iscate &or a tra&&ic %io!ation+ What crime is he !iab!e &or? Per60ry

What is a materia! matter? It is the main &act which is the s0b6ect o& the in90iry or anycirc0mstance which ten s to #ro%e that &act- or any &act or circ0mstance which ten s tocorroborate or stren*then the testimony re!ati%e to the s0b6ect o& in90iry- or which !e*itimate!ya&&ects the cre it o& any witness who testi&ies

"0##osin* : an @ a##!ie &or a marria*e !icense+ @ state in his a##!ication that he was

sin*!e when tr0th was marrie b0t !e*a!!y se#arate &rom his e1'wi&e+ Ass0min* thea##!ication was sworn be&ore an a0thori$e o&&icer+ Is @ !iab!e &or #er60ry? Yes+ His stat0s ismateria! matter

What i& @ in icate that he is years o! when in tr0th he is 5, years o! + Is he !iab!e &or #er60ry? No- a*e is not a materia! matter since in either case @ is sti!! ca#acitate to contractmarria*e+


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What i& @ in icate that he is .4 years o! when in tr0th he is on!y 4J years o! + Is he !iab!e&or #er60ry? Yes- a*e is a materia! matter beca0se he oe not #ossess !e*a! ca#acity to contractmarria*e

"0##osin* a&ter &inishin* !aw- a##!ie to taBe the bar be&ore the "C+ He sai he was ne%ercon%icte tr0th is he was #re%io0s!y con%icte o& the&t+ Is #er60ry committe ? Yes- materia!matter+

Wi!! a &a!se statement o& an o#inion 0n er oath maBe acc0se !iab!e &or #er60ry+ No

"0##osin* a woman was in%o!%e in case o& immora!ity+ In the co0rse o& in%esti*ation she&a!se!y testi&ie 0n er oath that she is sin*!e when in &act she was a!rea y marrie + Is she!iab!e &or #er60ry? No+ Not materia! matter+ "tat0s oes not ha%e a !e*a! e&&ect in immora!itychar*e

"0##osin* H was co0rtin* his o&&icemate- W+ "he s0s#ects he is marrie an has a wi&e in the #ro%ince+ H e1ec0tes an a&&i a%it 0n er oath statin* he is sin*!e b0t the tr0th is was a!rea ymarrie &or &i%e years+ H *i%es it to W a!tho0*h she ne%er asBe him to s0bmit s0ch+ 7ay H

be !iab!e &or #er60ry? Yes+ It is not necessary that the e1ec0te a&&i a%it is re90ire by !aw+ Itis eno0*h that it is a0thori$e by !aw+

ARTICLE 134 - O 00ERIN% 0 ALSE T ESTIMONY IN E IDENCE

''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

RA 51/ DAN%EROUS DRU%S ACT O0 66

(i&&erence between D#n "!o&$ D!& $ (DD) an Cont!o''"< P!"c&!$o!$ #n< E$$"nti#'C " ic#'$ (CP EC)

P0nishab!e Acts1 5mportation (DD an' C 2#C)

mere cons#iracy or attem#t is #0nishab!e #ersons !iab!e mana*er- or*ani$er- &inancier- #rotector co !er

"ale, 7ra'ing, A'ministration, Dispensation, Delivery, Distri-ution an'7ransportation (DD an' C 2#C)

mere cons#iracy or attem#t is #0nishab!e #ersons !iab!e mana*er- or*ani$er- &inancier- #rotector co !er- broBer 7a1 Pena!ty

'minors menta!!y inca#acitate #ersons 0se as co0riers ormessen*ers)'%ictim is minor menta!!y inca#acitate )


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(A TTY . M AXIMO P. A MURAO )----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------'#ro1imate ca0se o& eath is (( CP EC)'committe w in 4 m &rom schoo!

6aintenance o Den, Dive or .esort (DD an' C 2#C)mere cons#iracy or attem#t is #0nishab!e

#ersons !iab!e /same as 42M# P"n#'t*:'(( is so! a ministere to minor'#ro1imate ca0se o& eath is ((

Escheat /!e*a! #rocee in* &or &or&eit0re o& #ri%ate #ro#erty in &a%o0r o& the "tate2

4 #mployment in an' %isiting Den, Dive or .esort (DD an' C 2#C)

8 5llegal 6anu acture (DD an' C 2#C)mere cons#iracy or attem#t is #0nishab!e

#ersons !iab!e /same as 42Pres0m#tion #resence o& CP EC or Lab E90i#ment is prima facie #roo& o&man0&act0re M# P"n#'t*:

' committe w he!# o& minors' committe w in 4 m resi entia!- b0siness- schoo! or ch0rch #remises' em#!oyment o& a!ien- #0b!ic o&&icer- chemica! en*ineer or #ractitioner ' !ab is #rotecte by booby tra#s' !ab is concea!e w !e*itimate b0siness o#erations

9 5llegal Chemical Diversion (C 2#C)

: 6anu acture2Delivery o #/uipment, 5nstrument, Apparatus or other araphernalia(DD an' C 2#C)

M# P"n#'t*: minor menta!!y inca#acitate is 0se to e!i%er

; ossession o Dangerous Drugs (DD)

< ossession o #/uipment, 5nstrument, etc (DD)inten e &or cons0min*- in*estin*- or intro 0ction to the h0man bo y o&s0bstance

#res0m#tion #ossession sha!! be prima facie e%i ence that #ossessor has

intro 0ce into his bo y the (( an sha!! be #res0me to ha%e %io!ate "ection4,

1= ossession 'uring arties, "ocial >atherings, 6eetings or in the pro?imate companyo at least ersons (DD)

11 ossession o #/uipment, 5nstrument, etc 'uring arties, "ocial >atherings, etc (DD)


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1 @se o Dangerous Drugs ("ection 18)4st a##rehension months rehabi!itation. n a##rehension years an 4 ay to 4. years

Not a##!icab!e i& o&&en er is a!so &o0n to ha%e in his #ossession s0ch 90antity o&

any r0*) in s0ch a case- #ro%ision o& "ection 44 sha!! a##!y(is90a!i&ie &rom Probation Law

1 Cultivation an' Culture o lants classi ie' as Dangerous Drugs or "ources thereomere cons#iracy or attem#t is #0nishab!e

#ersons !iab!e same

14 ailure to 6aintain or Keep .ecor's o 7ransactions(DD an' C 2#C)

Recor s o& sa!es- is#ositions- etc+ o& (( CP EC

18 @nnecessary rescription (DD)

19 @nlaw ul rescription (DD)

1: 6isappropriation, 6isapplication or ailure to Account(DD an' C 2#C)

sei$e - con&iscate - or s0rren ere ((- #!ants- e90i#ment- #rocee s an #ro#erty become #ro#erty o& the "tate

1; Bene iting rom rocee's (DD)

1< .eceiving inancial or 6aterial Contri-utions rom ersons oun' >uilty o7ra ic$ing Dangerous Drugs (DD)

= lanting #vi'ence

1 Consenting or Knowingly 7olerating any %iolation o DDAa##!ies to #0b!ic o&&icers

Consenting or 7olerating @se o %ehicle or #/uipmentas an instr0ment &or commission o& %io!ation o& ((A

%iolating .ules or .egulations 5ssue' -y DDB

4 5ssuance o alse or rau'ulent Dangerous Drugs 7est .esult

8 %iolation o Con i'entiality .ule%o!0ntary s0bmission #ro*ram

9 ailure or .e usal to Appear as itness or any %iolation o DDAP REPARED BY : Dyann Kristi Catapang & Katheri Ann Charcos


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: Delay or Bungling in the rosecution o Drug .elate' Cases

F0n amenta! Conce#ts

No P'"#-?#! #inin R&'"' &or any #erson char*e with the %io!ation o& ((A 0n erany #ro%ision

Non #@@'ic#?i'it* o t " P!o?#tion L#+' &or r0* #0shers an r0* tra&&icBers

In '&"nc" o D#n "!o&$ D!& $

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e2 in&ormant sha!! strict!y com#!y with con ition im#ose by the"tate

&2 In&ormant oes not a##ear to be the most *0i!ty*2 No irect e%i ence a%ai!ab!e to state e1ce#t testimony o& in&ormant

T"! in#tion o I &nit*

1) I& in&ormation testimony is &a!se- ma!icio0s- or ma e on!y to harass or #re60 ice the acc0se) &ai!0re or re&0sa! to testi&y w o 60st ca0se) %io!ation o& con ition o& imm0nity

E "ct$ o T"! in#tion o I &nit*'imm0nity sha!! cease an in&ormant sha!! be #rosec0te &or thecrime committe an cite &or contem#t

"0bmission o& (r0* (e#en ent to Con&inement Treatment or Rehabi!itation re&ers on!y to &$" o DD &n

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4, years an be!ow e1em#te &rom crimina! !iabi!ity) whi!e not crimina!!y !iab!e- minor sha!! be s0b6ecte to inter%ention #ro*rams

abo%e 4, an 0n er 4M &in o0t i& minor acte w or w o iscernment

re&orme minor can eny that he was char*e with a crime or con%icte thereo& /60sti&iemisre#resentation) not !iab!e &or #er60ry or &a!si&ication2

Q The (O3 sha!! Bee# a con&i entia! recor o& #rocee in*s ons0s#ension o& sentence an sha!! not be 0se &or any #0r#ose otherthan to etermine whether or not #erson acc0se is a &irst'timeminor o&&en er

Di$@o$ition o Con i$c#t" S"iG" o! S&!!"n "tc.

42 Physica! in%entory an #hoto*ra#h'in #resence o& co0nse! o& acc0se - re#resentati%e &rom theme ia- (O3- an e!ecte #0b!ic o&&icia! who sha!! si*n a co#y o&the in%entory

.2 Items s0bmitte w in .5 ho0rs to P(EA Forensic Laboratory &or 90a!itati%e an90antitati%e e1amination

2 Certi&ication o& res0!ts w in .5 ho0rs'i& time is not s0&&icient- #artia! certi&ication may be iss0e ) &0!!certi&ication w in ne1t .5 ho0rs

52 Fi!in* o& crimina! case in co0rt

,2 Oc0!ar ins#ection by co0rt w in J. ho0rs &rom &i!in*

2 Within ne1t .5 ho0rs- b0rnin* or estroyin* o& items'in #resence o& acc0se or his co0nse!- re#resentati%e &rom theme ia- (O3- ci%i! society- an any e!ecte #0b!ic o&&icia!

J2 "worn certi&ication o& b0rnin* is iss0e by the @oar

M2 "0bmission to the co0rt o& certi&icate

2 A&ter #rom0!*ation o& 60 *ment- the re#resentati%e sam#!e with !ea%e o& co0rt /a##ro%a!2sha!! be t0rne o%er to the P(EA w c sha!! estroy the same w in .5 ho0rs &rom recei#t)co0rt is in&orme o& termination o& the case

''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''


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PD 1/6 A NTI -%AMBLIN% L A,

7ay the ins#ector be crimina!!y !iab!e? NO

In any o& the *ames s#eci&ie - is it necessary that there be bets in%o!%in* money or otherob6ect?

"#orts) mere act o& #!ayin* them- #0nishab!e? NO

Con OBSCENE P UBLICATIONS AND E X7IBITIONS AND I NDECENT S7O,S

Who are !iab!e?

TE"T OF O@"CENITY < whether the ten ency o& the matter char*e as obscene is to e#ra%eor corr0#t those whose min s are o#en to s0ch immora! in&!0ence an into whose han s s0ch a

#0b!ication may &a!!- an whether or not s0ch #0b!ication or act shocBs the or inary ancommon sense o& men as an in ecency


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(A TTY . M AXIMO P. A MURAO )---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TE"T OF O@"CENITY OF N>(E PICT>RE" < whether the moti%e o& the #ict0re- as

in icate by it is #0re or im#0re- or whether it is nat0ra!!y ca!c0!ate to e1cite im#0reima*inations+

7ERE n0 ity in #ict0res or #aintin*s is NOT obscenity

ARTICLE 6 - A%RANTS AND P ROSTITUTES

Who are %a*rants?

/42 Any #erson ha%in* no a##arent means o& s0bsistence- who has the #hysica! abi!ity toworB an who ne*!ects to a##!y himse!& herse!& to some !aw&0! ca!!in*

' Gbat0*an

/.2 Any #erson &o0n !oiterin* abo0t #0b!ic or semi'#0b!ic b0i! in*s or #!aces- or tram#!in*or wan erin* abo0t the co0ntry or the streets witho0t %isib!e means o& s0##ort

"0##osin*- is an ab!e'bo ie man- a!most a!ways seen in #0b!ic #!aces) means o&s0##ort is thro0*h his mother who is a !a0n rywoman- is he a %a*rant? YE"

"0##osin*- the mother is em#!oye - an can #ro%i e &or the s0##ort o& her son- is sti!! a%a*rant? YE"

/ 2 Any i !e or isso!0te #erson who !o *es in ho0ses o& i!!'&ame) r0&&ians or #im#s- anthose who habit0a!!y associate with #rostit0tes

/52 Any #erson who- not bein* inc!0 e in the #ro%isions o& other artic!es o& this Co e- sha!! be &o0n !oiterin* in any inhabite or 0ninhabite #!ace be!on*in* to another witho0t any!aw&0! or 60sti&iab!e #0r#ose

/,2 Prostit0tes

7ay a woman who has been in the #rostit0tion b0siness &or the !ast . years sti!! remaina %ir*in? YE"- the 'e inition o prostitutes < women who- &or money or #ro&it- habit0a!!yin 0!*e to se10a! interco0rse OR !asci%io0s con 0ct

A man cannot be a #rostit0te &rom the !e*a! #oint o& %iew- instea he is !iab!e as a

#rinci#a! by in is#ensib!e coo#eration

"0##osin*- a woman en*a*es in se10a! interco0rse at !east two times a weeB- an oesnot asB her c0stomers &or money- is she a #rostit0te? NO

"0##osin*- a woman en*a*es in se10a! interco0rse once a year- an asBs &or money- isshe a #rostit0te? NO- there is no e!ement o& habit0a!ity


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"0##osin*- it was one with on!y one man b0t re*0!ar!y- is she a #rostit0te? YE"

"0##osin*- it was one with a man &or months- 0rin* those acts- the man i not #aya!tho0*h he Be#t on #romisin* to *i%e her money+ 7ay the woman be consi ere a #rostit0te?Yes+

Is it necessary that money is act0a!!y recei%e ? No+

"0##osin* &or e%ery se10a! act- the woman was *i%en 6ewe!!ery- may she be consi ere as a #rostit0te? Yes ' the act was sti!! one &or #ro&it

"0##osin* a s90a con 0cte a rai in a ho0se in @inon o Bnown to be a #rostit0tion ho0se)rai ers o#ene a c0bic!e an &o0n a woman ha%in* se10a! interco0rse with a man+ The s90aa##rehen e the woman+ Is she !iab!e? No < e!ement o& habit0a!ity was not estab!ishe +

>n er the same &acts- what i& there was #roo& that the woman has been en*a*e in se10a!interco0rse with i&&erent men &or money or #ro&it+ Wi!! she be !iab!e? Yes+ Wi!! the man becrimina!!y !iab!e? Yes < as #rinci#a! by in is#ensab!e coo#eration+

ARTICLE 6 , 7O A RE P UBLIC O 00ICERS

Any #erson who- by irect #ro%ision o& the !aw- #o#0!ar e!ection- or a##ointment by com#etenta0thority- sha!! taBe #art in the #er&ormance o& #0b!ic &0nctions in the *o%ernment o& thePhi!i##ines- or sha!! #er&orm in sai *o%ernment or any o& its branches- #0b!ic 0ties as anem#!oyee- a*ent- or s0bor inate o&&icia!- o& any ranB or c!ass+

"0##osin* the City :o%ernment o& 7ani!a entere into a contract with Y Cor#+ tomaintain the c!ean!iness o& the city ha!! o& 7ani!a+ The contract #ro%i e that the cor#+ wo0!e#!oy its men to c!ean the #remises o& the b0i! in*+ Are these #eo#!e e#!oye by YCor#+ consi ere #0b!ic o&&icers? NO+

Is their worB a #0b!ic &0nction? Yes+

Are they a##ointe by the city *o%ernment itse!&? NO < which means they o not &a!! 0n erany o& the ways by which a #erson can be consi ere a #0b!ic o&&icer

ARTICLE 64 NO,IN%LY R ENDERIN% UN9UST 9UD%MENT

ARTICLE 6 9 UD%MENT R ENDERED T 7ROU%7 NE%LI%ENCE

Wi!! any e*ree o& ne*!i*ence maBe the 60 *e !iab!e? No < the ne*!i*ence m0st be ine1c0sab!e+

ARTICLE 6/ U N9UST I NTERLOCUTORY O RDER

ARTICLE 62 M ALICIOUS DELAY IN T7E A DMINISTRATION O0 9USTICE P REPARED BY : Dyann Kristi Catapang & Katheri Ann Charcos


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What i& the steno*ra#her act0a!!y chan*e the transcri#t an han e it to the !awyer b0t the!atter ha no eno0*h cash an 60st sai he; be comin* bacB+ 7ay the steno*ra#her becrimina!!y !iab!e? What crime s? Yes+ The steno*ra#her is !iab!e &or irect bribery an&a!si&ication+

What i& the !awyer ne%er came bacB? Is the steno*ra#her sti!! !iab!e? YE"

What i& the !awyer came bacB an *a%e a checB which was !ater ishonore &or !acB o& &0n s+"ti!! !iab!e? Yes+

"0##osin* a##roache a 60 *e an to! him that i& he co0! ren er a ecision &a%orab!e tohim / 2- he wi!! *i%e him two ni*hts with a se1y ancer o& his choice) the ecision wasren ere in &a%or o& b0t he was not ab!e to #ro 0ce the #romise ancers+ 7ay the 60 *e be!iab!e? IT (EPEN(" < i& 0rin* tria!- there is ins0&&icient e%i ence &rom b0t the ecisionwas sti!! ren ere in his &a%or- the 60 *e may be !iab!e &or 0n60st 60 *ment 0n er Artic!e . 5+

( ) By accepting a gi t in consi'eration o the e?ecution o an act, which 'oes not constitute acrime, in connection with the per ormance o his o icial 'uty

What cons0mmates the crime? Acce#tance < mere a*reement to acce#t the bribe oes notconstit0te a crime

"0##osin* - who was &r0strate by the !on* !ine in *ettin* his ri%er;s !icense- *a%e one o&the em#!oyees o& LTO P, #esos to a!!ow him to *et ahea o& the !ine+ The LTO em#!oyeeacce#te the amo0nt b0t 60st the same- he i not a!!ow to *et ahea o& the others+ 7ay theLTO em#!oyee sti!! be !iab!e &or irect bribery? #" < the bribe was a!rea y acce#te

What i& mere!y #romise to *i%e the LTO em#!oyee P, + The em#!oyee a*ree + wasab!e to *et ahea in the !ine an his !icense was re!ease + It t0rns o0t that oes not ha%e themoney+ He to! the LTO em#!oyee that he wo0! 60st ret0rn to #ay him b0t he ne%er i + Isthe LTO em#!oyee !iab!e? No+

( ) By agreeing to re rain, or -y re raining rom 'oing something which it its his o icial 'utyto 'o, in consi'eration o a gi t or promise

What cons0mmates the crime? 7ere A*reement+

"0##osin* A was a##!yin* &or a ri%er;s !icense an he was s0##ose to taBe a written e1am+He #!ace money in the rawer o& the e1aminer so the !atter a*ree to taBe the e1am &or A+ Isthe e1aminer !iab!e? #" +

What i& A #asse the written e1ams b0t he ha to wait &or the res0!ts be&ore taBin* the #ractica! e1am+ He i not want to wait so he ro##e P4 in the e1aminer;s rawer+ The!atter imme iate!y to! A to #rocee to the #ractica! e1am+ Liab!e? #" +


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"0##osin* a sm0**!er ta!Be to the chie& o& #o!ice at the time the shi# wi!! be 0n!oa in* hisi!!e*a! *oo s+ He to! the chie& that he wi!! *i%e him a !ar*e amo0nt o& money i& he wi!!re&rain &rom e#!oyin* his men at the #ier+ The chie& a*ree an i not e#!oy his men+ Isthe chie& o& #o!ice !iab!e &or irect bribery? #" < 0n er the &irst manner o& commission)re&rainin* &rom e#!oyin* his men is a!rea y a crime in itse!& /Artic!e . M ere!iction o& 0ty2

Who e!se may be !iab!e &or irect bribery?/a2 #ri%ate #ersons who cons#ire with the o&&icers/b2 accessories an accom#!ices/c2 #rinci#a! by in is#ensab!e coo#eration

Q No #rinci#a! by in 0cement < they &a!! 0n er Artic!e .4. corr0#tion o& #0b!ic o&&icia!s

ARTICLE 11 - I NDIRECT BRIBERY

"0##osin* is the owner o& a ta1i com#any an he *a%e a car to the new!y a##ointe LTFR@chairman+ The chairman acce#te + Is he !iab!e? #" +

When a #0b!ic o&&icer is #rosec0te &or either irect bribery or in irect bribery- may he!iBewise be #rosec0te &or %io!ation o& RA 4 ? #" +

ARTICLE 11 - A ; UALI0IED BRIBERY

ARTICLE 1 - C ORRUPTION O0 P UBLIC O 00ICIALS

PD 245 - % RANTIN% I MMUNITY TO % I ER O0 BRIBE

Con

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"0##osin* a minor was hos#ita!i$e an his *0ar ian ha to se!! some o& the #ro#erties+ Withthe a##ro%a! o& the co0rt- the *0ar ian so! a #ro#erty to a com#any where he is a ma6oritystocBho! er+ Liab!e? #" +

"0##osin* the re*iona! irector o& the (ENR ha to a##ro%e !o**in* concessions+ Ana##!ication by a com#any where his wi&e is a ma6ority stocBho! er was a##ro%e + Liab!e?#" < there is in irect bene&it

What i& there was a #re'n0#tia! a*reement between them- sti!! !iab!e? Not anymore+

ARTICLE 12 - M AL ERSATION

Who may commit? P0b!ic o&&icers Any #0b!ic o&&icer? No+ Is it eno0*h that he has the #hysica! char*e o& the &0n or #ro#erty to be he! !iab!e? No < he

m0st be an acco0ntab!e #0b!ic o&&icer

"0##osin* the (irector o& 7ani!a Zoo has a $oo caretaBer who worBs &or him+ The !atter so!the anima!s in the $oo+ Is the caretaBer !iab!e &or ma!%ersation? No < he on!y has 90a!i&iechar*e o%er the anima!s+ In this case- the (irector o& the 7ani!a Zoo is the acco0ntab!eo&&icer+

"0##osin* a %an was or ere con&iscate &or ha%in* been 0se in the commission o& a certaincrime+ Howe%er- the c0sto ian so! the car+ Is he !iab!e &or ma!%ersation? #" < the car has

become #0b!ic #ro#erty a!rea y+

"0##osin* the car was 0se in the trans#ortin* o& shab0+ >#on con%iction o& the acc0se - thecar was &or&eite + The P(EA chair so! the car+ What crime may he be !iab!e &or? =io!ation o&the (an*ero0s (r0*s Act

"0##osin* heroin was con&iscate ) P(EA a*ents so! the #rohibite r0* to other+ Crime?=io!ation o& (an*ero0s (r0*s Act+

"0##osin* a "WAT member was *i%en a mo ern assa0!t ri&!e to be 0se in the #er&ormanceo& his 6ob+ He committe irre*0!arities- &or which he was ismisse + He was or ere to ret0rnthe ri&!e b0t he re&0se an instea so! it+ What crime may he be !iab!e &or? 7a!%ersation

130967748 amurao notes pdf

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