128971850 module 2 diagnose and troubleshoot computer systems and networks (1)

8/18/2019 128971850 Module 2 Diagnose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems and Networks (1)

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Sector:

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

Qualification:

COMPUTER HARDWARE SEVICING NC II

Unit of Competency:DIAGNOSE AND TROUBLESHOOT COMPUTER SYSTEMS

Module Title:

DIAGNOSING AND TROUBLESHOOTING COMPUTER SYSTEMS

SICAT-TESDAQA SYSTEM.

Computer HardwareServicing NC II

Date Developed!cto"er #$% #&$&

Document No.

Diagnosing And

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Developed "' Alain C. (allarde

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Technical Education and Skills Deelo!"entAutho#it$

SOUTHERN ISABELA COLLEGE OF ARTS AND TRADESSantiago City

SUMMARY OF COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS

No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code

1. Install computer systems and

networks

Installing computer

systems and networksELC724318

2. Diagnose and Troubleshoot

Computer Systems

Diagnosing and

Troubleshooting

Computer Systems

ELC72431

9

3. Configure computer systems

and networks

Configuring computer


4. Maintain computer systems

and networks

Maintaining computer





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HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

Welcome to the Module“Diagnosing and Troubleshooting Computer

Systems”. This module contains training materials and activities for you to

complete.

The unit of competency “Diagnose and Troubleshoot Computer

Systems” contains knowledge, skills and attitudes required for aComputer

Hardware Servicing NC IIcourse.

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order

to complete each of the learning outcomes of the module. In each learning

outcome there areInformation Sheets, Operation Sheets, and Activity

Sheets. Follow these activities on your own and answer the Self-Check at

the end of each learning activity.




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If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask your trainer for assistance.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You may already have some of the knowledge and skills covered in this

module because you have:

o been working for some time

o already have completed training in this area.

If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a

particular skill or skills, talk to him/her about having them formally

recognized so you don’t have to do he same training again. If you have a

qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous trainings show it to your trainer. If the skills you acquired are still current and relevant to this

module, they may become part of the evidence you can present for RPL. If

you are not sure about the currency of your skills, discuss it with your

trainer.

After completing this module ask your trainer to assess your

competency. Result of your assessment will be recorded in your competency

profile. All the learning activities are designed for you to complete at your

own pace.

Inside this module you will find the activities for you to complete

followed by relevant information sheets for each learning outcome. Each

learning outcome may have more than one learning activity.




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MODULE CONTENT

COMPETENCY

SUMMARYQUALIFICATION

COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING NC

II

UNIT OF COMPETENCYDiagnose and Troubleshoot Computer

Systems

MODULE TITLEDiagnosing and Troubleshooting Computer

Systems

INTRODUCTION:

This unit covers the outcomes required in Diagnosing and Troubleshooting

Computer Systems.

LEARNING OUTCOMES:$. *lan and prepare ,or diagno)i) o, ,ault) o, computer )')tem)

#. Diagno)e ,ault) o, computer )')tem)

1. epair de,ect) in computer )')tem) and networ2)

3. Te)t )')tem) and networ2)

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:$. 4ault) and error o, computer )')tem properl' determined.#. Tool) 56ardware7)o,tware8 identi,ied in accordance wit6 it) u)e) and

,unction).1. Sa,et' precaution) e)ta"li)6ed in accordance wit6 wor2place procedure).3. Component) or part) o, computer )')tem clearl' identi,ied9. 4unction) o, t6e computer )')tem) e:plained+. 4ault) and ,ailure) o, t6e computer )')tem) diagno)ed "a)e on t6e ;o"

re<uirement). De,ective component) properl' replaced and corrected

/. Error in networ2) clearl' identi,ied and repaired in line wit6 )tandardprocedure)0. De,ective component) identi,ied and )eparated to ot6er component)$&.Computer )')tem) and networ2) are te)ted in accordance wit6 t6e ;o"

re<uirement)$$. In,ormation are )6ared ,rom one computer to anot6er a) primar'

re<uirement in computer networ2ing$#.eport) are prepared and completed according to t6e compan'

re<uirement)




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PREREQUISITE: PC OPERATION

TECHNICAL TERMS

• Fuse – Protective device against power surges

• Firmware- is a combination of hardware and software, it is a program

integrated on a chip.

• Defrag- process of reorganizing and rewriting files.

• Form factor - a standard size and shape of computer subsystem

• People ware - the persons using the computer in the goal of

finding solutions to a better and improved daily life. These can rangefrom the basic word-processing to the more advanced system

programming.

• Hardware - the physical and tangible component of electronic data

processing. These are the monitors, keyboard, mouse, all

input/output devices, as well as internal memory system.

• Software - the intangible element composed of programs that instruct

computers what to do.

• Electricity - a form of energy comprising certain charge particles, such

as electrons and protons.

• Power - is the rate in which electric energy is fed or taken from a

device measured in watts.

• Voltage - is the term used to designate electric pressure that exists

between two points.

• PPE - Personal Protective Equipment

• BOOT - is the process of turning on the computer unit.

• CMOS - Complementary Metal Oxide Semi-conductor

• BIOS - Basic Input/Output System

• DOS - Disk Operating System

• ROM - Read Only Memory

• POST - Power On Self Test

• DSL – Digital Subscriber Line

• UTP cable – Unshielded Twisted Pair cable

• UPS – Uninterruptible Power Supply

• VGA – Video Graphic Adapter

• USB – Universal Serial Bus




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• CPU – Central Processing Unit

• OHS – Occupational Health and Safety

• LCD – Liquid Crystal Display

• CRT – Cathode Ray Tube

•RAM – Random Access Memory

• DIMM – Double In-line Memory Module

• I/O – Input/output

LEARNING

OUTCOME #1

*lan and prepare ,or diagno)i) o, ,ault) o, computer)')tem)

CONTENTS:

• Di,,erent t'pe) o, computer )')tem) error.

• So,tware a) tool) ,or diagno)ing computer )')tem).

• Hand tool) and it) u)e).

• *rocedure) in diagno)ing computer )')tem)

• Sa,et' precaution)

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:$. 4ault) and error o, computer )')tem properl' determined.#. Tool) 56ardware7)o,tware8 identi,ied in accordance wit6 it) u)e) and ,unction).1. Sa,et' precaution) e)ta"li)6ed in accordance wit6 wor2place procedure).

CONDITION:

Trainees must be provided with the following:

1. WORKPLACE LOCATION2. EQUIPMENT

3. ToolsScrew driver) 5a))orted8*lier) 5a))orted8Soldering iron=renc6e)>tilit' )o,tware

4. *olicie) and procedure)




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*rocedure) and guideline)Sa,et' precaution)

EVALUATION METHOD:$. Hand)-on#. Direct o")ervation1. *ractical demon)tration

LEARNING OUTCOME SUMMARY

Learning Experiences

Learning Outcome 1*lan and prepare ,or diagno)i) o, ,ault) o, computer )')tem)

Learning Activities Special Instructions

1.Read information sheet

2.1-1 ” Different types of

computer systems error.

If you have some problem on the content

of the information sheet don’t hesitate to

approach your facilitator.

If you feel that you are now

knowledgeable on the content of the

information sheet, you can now answer

self check provided in the module.2.Answer self-check 2.1-1 Compare your answer to the answer key

2.1-1. If you got 100% correct answer in

this self-check, you can now move to the

next information sheet. If not review the

information sheet and go over the self-

check again.

3.Read information sheet If you have some problem on the content




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2.1-2 “Plan and

Preparing Diagnostic

Procedure”





information sheet, you can now answer Job Sheet provided in the module.

4.Answer self-check 2.1-2 Compare your answer to the answer key


this self-check, you can now perform

task sheet 2.1-1. If not review the


check again.

5.Do Task Sheet 2.1-1

Diagnostic Plan

Compare your work to the Performance

Checklist. If you got 100% correct answerin this task, you can now move to the


information sheet and go over the task

again.

6.Read information sheet

2.1-3 “Tools for Testing

Computer System”

If you have some problem on the content






self check provided in the module.






check again.

8.Read information sheet2.1-4 “Common Windows

XP Diagnostic Utilities &

Tools”

If you have some problem on the contentof the information sheet don’t hesitate to





Job Sheet provided in the module.





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check again.10.Do Job Sheet 2.1-1

Perform Disk Error Check

Compare your work to the Performance

Checklist. If you got 100% correct answer

in this task, you can now move to the

next Learning Outcome. If not review the

information sheet and go over the task

again.

INFORMATION SHEET 2.1.1

Different Types of Computer System Errors

Learning Objective:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to identify

Different Types of Computer System Errors.




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as your computer ever stopped working for no apparent reason? The

frustration brought on by technological advancements can cause any

sane person to yank the plug right out of the wall. Luckily, there's a better

way. Learn what to do when your computer freezes, facts about different

kinds of computer failure, the various ways to restart Macs and PCs, andhow to prevent future freezes.

Types of computer failures

The three main types of computer failures are system errors, freezing,

and applications quitting. Simply put, Mac system errors warn you with

the dreaded bomb Alert box.

1.A system error occurs when there is a conflict between theoperating

system and one or moreapplications, like Microsoft Word or InternetExplorer.

2.The next type of computer failure is freezing, also known as crashing

or hanging. In this case, the computer locks up and the mouse and

keyboard become useless accessories. Freezing exists both at the

individual program level and on a system wide basis.

3.An application suddenly quitting is the third type of computer failure

and probably the most common. This means that only one program

is effected rather than the whole system. All three types of computerfailures are frustrating if you do not know what to do, but by

following these steps you will learn how to properly unfreeze your

computer.

How to restart a PC

fter any common computer failure follow these steps. Simultaneously

hold down theControl key, the Alt key, and theDelete key. A dialogue

box will ask you if you want to exit the current program. Click the Task

List button. AnEnd Task window appears and lists the programs you are

currently running. Select the program you were in when your computer

froze. For instance, if you were working with Microsoft Word, but went to

check your e-mail in Netscape, and then the computer crashed, you would

select Netscape in the End Task window. After selecting the correct

program, hit the End Task button. Hopefully, the program will unlock at

this point. You should then restart your computer by going to theStart




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http://www.4teachers.org/techalong/glossary/index.shtml#operating%20system


http://www.4teachers.org/techalong/glossary/index.shtml#application



http://www.4teachers.org/techalong/glossary/index.shtml#application



menu and selectingShut Down. In theShut Down window, click the

Restart button andOK, and the computer will reboot.

How to prevent future freezes

nowing how to restart a computer is crucial, but it is also important to

know measures to take to prevent future freezes. The most useful steps

are rebuilding your desktop, emptying your trash, deleting excess e-mails,

and cleaning out temporary files and histories.

System error 5 - Access is denied

This is a permission issue. If the net view command fails with a"System error 5 has occurred. Access is denied." message, 1) make sure you

are logged on using an account that has permission to view the shares on

the remote computer. 2) Need to cache credential: logon the same username

and password on both computers or use net net use\\computername

/user:username command. 3) Make sure the Netlogon service is running.

System error 8 - Not enough storage is available to process this command

or System error 234 - More data is available.

Symptoms: If you attempt to start the server service manually, the followingerrors may be displayed: System error 234 has occurred. More data is

available. Or system error 8 has occurred. Not enough storage is available to

process this command. The event viewer shows "Event ID: 7023.

Description: The Server service terminated with the following error: More

data is available. Or Event ID: 7001. Description: The Net Logon service

depends on the Server service which failed to start because of the following

error: More data is available.

Resolutions: 1) apply (or reapply) the latest Windows NT Service pack.

2) remove any unnecessary entries from this value in the registry,

System error 51 has occurred - The remote computer is not available




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Symptoms: You may receive "System error 51 has occurred. The remote

computer is not available" when using net use to map the computer drive.

Resolutions: 1. Make sure server service is running on the remote

computer

System error 52 - You were not connected because a duplicate name exists

on the network.

Symptoms: you can ping a host but not net view it. When using net view

\\hostname, you get system error 52 - a duplicate name exists on the

network.

Resolutions: there are two host names or alias name (cname) are pointed to

the same IP. 1) check the WINS records. 2) check DNS records. 3) Go to

System in the Control Panel to change the computer name and try again.

System error 53 - The network path was not found.

Symptom: when using net view\\ip or\\computername, you get system

error 53.

Resolutions: 1) if it is domain environment, check your WINS; 2) if it is peer-

to-peer workgroup, enable NetBIOS over TCP/IP; 3) make sure the machine

is running; 4) make sure file and Printer Share enabled on remote computer;

5) make sure client for ms networks is enabled on local computer; 6) make

sure you type the correct name. 7) Make sure no firewall running or any

security setting.

VPN Case Study -Can ping VPN server but receive System error 53 using

net use

Case Study -System Error 53 - The network path was not found.

System error 67 - The network name cannot be found

Symptom: When using net view \\computer or net use \\IP, you may

receive above error message.

Resolution: 1. Make sure you type the correct computer name or shared

name.

2. Make sure the Workstation service is running on the local computer while

Server service is running on the remote computer.




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http://www.chicagotech.net/VPN/vpn&firewall.htm


http://www.chicagotech.net/troubleshooting/systemerror53.htm






More troubleshooting hereSystem error 67 has occurred

System error 85 has occurred. The local device name is already in use

Cause: net use /persistent: yes is default settings for NT and win2000/XP. If

you have mapped some network drives and check the reconnect at logon, or

your network uses logon script to map network drives, the mapped network

drives may show red Xs. If you enable echo and pause the logon script or if

using net use to map the same drive manually, you may get "System error 85

has occurred. The local device name is already in use." One thing you may

want to try is using net use /persistent: no, for example, net use i:

\\servername\folder /persistent: no.

System error 1219 has occurred - The credentials supplied conflict with an

existing set of credentials

Symptoms: 1) When you log on to a domain from w2k client; 2) when

attempting to join a domain, you may receive the following error

message: The credentials supplied conflict with an existing set of

credentials.

Resolutions: This may cause because of attempting to make two or more

connections to the same server using two or more sets of credentials

1. Go to windows explorer and disconnect all network drives. Then re-logon.2. Delete the profile or copy another profile. Note: you may lost all settings

and data in My Documents when deleting or copying profile.

3. If solution 1 and 2 doesn't work, try this: 1) Log on as an administrator at

any workstation and run regedt32. 2) Select HKEY_USERS, but do not open.

3) From the Registry menu, click Load Hive. 4) This will bring up a Load

Hive dialog box. Locate the Ntuser.dat file for the user with the errors. Select

the Ntuser.dat and click Open. You may enter any string for the Key Name.

Use TEST for ease of use pertaining to the remainder of this article. 5)

Locate the Username value under the following key in the registry:HKEY_USERS\TEST\Network\Username. 6) Delete the string for Username

(leaving it blank is sufficient). 7) Select the TEST hive that you previously

loaded, click the Registry menu, and then click Unload Hive. 8) Quit

Registry Editor.

4. If you get this message when joining the domain, make sure 1) you have

delete the computer from AD; 2) delete it from DNS; 3) delete it from WINS.




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System error 1231 has occurred. The network location cannot be reached.

Symptom: When using net view\\computername, you may receive System

error 1231.

Resolutions: 1) make sure Client for MS Networks is enabled, 2) make sure

you have permission to access it.

System Error 1240 - The account is not authorized to login from this

station.

Symptoms: 1. You may get the system error 1240 when using net view

\\remotecomputer'2. “Workgroup_name is not accessible… Account is Not Authorized to Log In

to this Station” when attempting to browse the workgroup from a networking

computer.

Resolutions: 1. Use Regedit to enable unencrypted (plain text) passwords for

the SMB client. 2. Enable Send Unencrypted Password to Connect to 3rd

Party SMB Servers under Local Security Policy. 3. Set the following policies

as showing: Digitally sign client communications (always) - disabled

Digitally sign server communications (always)- disabled

Digitally sign server communications (when possible) - disabled

LAN Manager Authentication Level set to Send LM and NTLM - use NTLMv2

session security if negotiated - (default) send LM & NTLM responses

Secure channel: Digitally encrypt or sign secure channel data (always) -

disabled

Secure channel: Require strong (Windows 2000 or later) session key -

disabled

4. Contact the third-party SMB server manufacturer if you have a third-

party SMB server, such as DEC Pathworks, Samba or Linux.

5. If you are running Windows 9x, you may want tore-configure windowsauthentication for network logons.

System error 1311 - There are currently no logon servers available to

service the logon request

Symptoms: The primary purpose of logging on with cached credentials is to

enable you to access the local workstation. However, if you have logged on by




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http://www.howtonetworking.com/windows/ntlm1.htm







cached credentials, you may be unable to access network resources because

you have not been authenticated. For example 1) after you log on to a

w2k/xp laptop by using cached credentials, you may be unable to access the

network resources. This issue is commonly experienced by laptop users

whose computer resides in a Windows Server domain and who log on to thecomputer by using cached credentials prior to being able to establish a

remote access connection. 2) You log on to a w2k/xp laptop with a domain

logon option in a workgroup network. After you establish the connection and

you try to map the network drives, the operation may be unsuccessful, and

you may receive the following error message: "System Error: (1311) There are

currently no logon servers available to service the logon request."

Resolutions: To authenticate the cached credentials, 1) if it is w2k/xp, use

net command, for example, net use \\servername\sharename

/user:username. 2) if xp, open Windows Explorer>Tools>Map Network Drive.Click Connect using a different user name, enter the username and

password.

System error 1326 has occurred - Logon failure: unknown user name or

bad password.

Symptom: when using net use to map a network drive, you may receive

"System error 1326 has occurred. Logon failure: unknown user name or bad

password." message.

Resolutions: 1) create a user account on remote computer; 2) need to

enable the guest account; 3) make sure the remote computer doesn't use

auto-logon and blank password; 4) make sure you have a folder or drive

shared on the remote computer. 5) use net use \\servername /user:

username command. Make sure you type correct command (e.g. use net use

\\servername \user: username will get this error too)

System error 1331 has occurred - Logon failure: account current disable

Symptom: When using net use \\computername command, you may

receive above error message.

Resolutions: this is cache credentials issue. To fix this problem and cache

the credentials, use net use\\computername /user: username command.

System error 1385 has occurred - Logon failure: the user has not been

granted the requested logon type at this computer




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Symptoms: When using net use\\remotecomouter\ahredname, you may

receive above message.

Resolution: 1. The users do not have permission to connect to the remote

computer. To resolve this problem: on the remote computer, select Administrative Tools>Local Security Settings>Local Policies>User Rights

Assignment, right-click on Access this computer from the

network>Properties>Add Users or Groups, add everyone or any users you

want to be able to access the computer from the network.

2. refer to this case:Solved: System error 1385 - Logon failure -

http://chicagotech.net/netforums/viewtopic.php?t=286

System error 1396 has occurred - Logon Failure: The target account name

is incorrect.

Symptoms: 1. when using net use, you may receive above message.

2. when using net view \\hostname, you may receive "System error 5 has

occurred. Access is denied.". However, net view \\ip works fine.

3. You may receive above error while running logon script.

Causes: 1. SPN for the domain that is hosting the replica has not been

propagated.

2. Incorrect target account name or the server is not online.

3. If you have DFS, make sure the DFSRoot is available.

Refer to RL060704

System error 6118 has occurred. The list of servers for this workgroup is

not currently available

SYMPTOMS: 1) After enabling ICS/ICF, you can't see any computes on My

Network places. If you try, you may get "workgroup is not accessible". 2)

If you use thenet viewcommand, you may receive "System error 6118

has occurred. The list of servers for this workgroup is not currentlyavailable." message.

Resolutions:

1) This behavior can occur if you enable the ICF that will closes the ports for

file sharing by default. To open these ports, right-click the network

connection that is firewall protected> Properties>Advanced>Settings>Service

Tab>Add, Enter 127.0.0.1) for the required Internet Protocol (IP) number.

Enter UDP ports from 135 through 139, and TCP ports from 135 through




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139 one by one (the external and internal port numbers should be identical).

2) This may occur if the workgroup name and the domain name are the

different.

3) No master browser. Starting Computer Browser Service on one of w2k/xp

computers should fix the problem

SELF CHECK 2.1-1

Write the Symptoms & Resolutions of the following system Errors

System

Error Symptoms Action/resolutions9$ The

remote

computer

is not

available




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+ The

network

name

cannot be

found

1219 Thecredent

ials

supplie

d

conflict

with an

existing

set of

credent

ials

$#1$ The

network

location

cannot be

reached.

ANSWER KEY




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SystemError Symtoms A!tion"reso#$tions

9$

The remote

computer

is not

available

You can ping a host

but not net view it. When using net view

\\hostname, you get

system error 52 - a

duplicate name exists

on the network.

Make sure server service is running on

the remote computer

+

The

network

namecannot be

found

When using net view

\\computer or net use

\\IP, you may receive

above error message.

1. Make sure you type the correct

computer name or shared name.

2. Make sure the Workstation service isrunning on the local computer while

Server service is running on the remote

computer.

$#$0

The

credent

ialssupplie

d

conflict

with an

existing

set of

credent

ials

1) When you log on to

a domain from w2k

client; 2) when

attempting to join a

domain, you may

receive the following

error message: The

credentials supplied

conflict with an

existing set of

credentials

This may cause because of attempting to

make two or more connections to the

same server using two or more sets of

credentials

1. Go to windows explorer and

disconnect all network drives. Then re-

logon.

2. Delete the profile or copy another

profile. Note: you may lost all settings

and data in My Documents when

deleting or copying profile.

3. If solution 1 and 2 doesn't work,

$#1$

The

network

location

cannot be

reached.

When using net view

\\computername, you

may receive System

error 1231.

1) make sure Client for MS Networks is

enabled, 2) make sure you have

permission to access it.




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INFORMATION SHEET 2.1-2

Plan and Preparing Diagnostic Procedure

Learning Objective:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to Plan and

Prepare Diagnostic Procedure.

PC Diagnosing

Probably the most frustrating problem computer users

run into are startup problems, where your computer

won’t boot. Equally annoying are error messages you

constantly run into during your computer’s startup

process. In this module you will be given a few tips on

how you can avoid some of the most common problems

that happen right after your computer turns on.

Troubleshooting Plan for Personal Computers

How to Troubleshoot the Computer?

Here you will learn the basic troubleshooting methods of your computer.

Trial and error: When you find a faulty component in your computer,

check it with the other computers so that you can make sure whether

the fault is in the component or not.

Check cables: In case of any device failure, check all the cables of

your computer such as data cables, power cable, internal circuitry

cables and make sure that all these are plugged in and working fine.

Hardware settings: Check the hardware settings in the CMOS and in

the device manager of the system and make all the device drivers are

up to date and all the cards are plugged in properly.




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*age#+ o, $&+evi)ion No.



Notice changes: When you notice a software or hardware error in

your computer, determine what was changed before the problem

occurred

Event viewer: In the event viewer, you will find the error or warning

messages associated with any faulty hardware or software.

Make notes: Troubleshooting is a big learning option and we can

learn a lot when we face any kind of troubleshooting in our computer.

Make notes including the error messages and their solutions, so that

you have a record on how a certain problem occurred and how did you

solve it.

Sample Diagnostic Plan

List down all possible components to be checked based on the symptoms.

Symptoms: Dead Computer Monitor Good Defective Remedy

AC outlet

AVR

AVR fuse

Monitor Power Cable

Monitor Switch

Power Supply




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*age# o, $&+evi)ion No.



Common Trouble for Computer Units

1.Double check the power connections.

2.Voltage Regulator and power supply could cause power failure in thecomputer unit.

3.Check the power cords and cable connectors in your computer unit.

4.Unseated card. Loose cards could cause it to malfunction.

5.Do you have ink or toners in your printer? Check the ink

toners/cartridges in your printers.

6. Check the boot sequence configuration in the advance BIOS (Basic

Input/output Unit) setup.

Diagnosing Network Connection

These are the things to look for if a PC will not connect to the internet or

network.

• First check the cable connecting to the network card into the network

hub.

• Check the back of the computer to see if the network card light is on

•

Check the network cable• Check the network HUB




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*age#/ o, $&+evi)ion No.

Networ

k HUB

Netwo

rk

cable

Network

card



SELF CHEC !"#$!

TRUE OR !"#E$ W%ite T i t'e statement is T%(e and i t'e statement is alse.

))))1. T'e most %(st%ating *%o+lem com*(te% (se%s %(n into a%e sta%t(* *%o+lems.

____2.When you find a faulty component in your computer, check it with

the other computers so that you can make sure whether the fault

is in the component or not.

____3.Troubleshooting is a big learning option and we can learn a lot

when we face any kind of troubleshooting in our computer.

))))4.Unseated card or loose cards could cause computer to function

normally.

____5.Voltage Regulator and power supply could cause power failure in

the computer unit.




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!,#WER -E

1. T

2. T

3. T

4.

/. T




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TASK SHEET 2.1.1

T%tle & Diagnostic PlanPer'or(a)ce Ob*ect%+e & Given the needed materials, supplies & equipment,

create a diagnostic plan in troubleshooting a power

supply.

S,--l%e./ Tool. 0 E1,%-(e)t &

• Working PC

• Printer

•Bond paper

•Ruler

•Pencil/Eraser

•Power Supply

•Diagnostic Plan template




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*age1$ o, $&+evi)ion No.



Steps/ Procedure:

1.Prepare the necessary tools, supplies and materials

2.Using template, make a diagnostic plan of the computer power supply3.Let your trainer check your work.

Assessment Method:

Demonstration , Performance Criteria checklist

Performance Criteria Checklist

CRITERIA

Did you…

YES NO

1. Followed sequence of steps in diagnosing.




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*age1# o, $&+evi)ion No.



2. Observed safety precautions.

3. Used appropriate tools in diagnosing.

4. Created a diagnostic plan for troubleshooting.




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Hand Tools for Testing and Repair Computer System & Network

Learning Objective:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to identify and

use Hand Tools for Testing and troubleshooting Computer System

& Network

Introduction

Tools and equipment play a vital role in troubleshooting; it helps the

user to determine the errors found in your computer hardware and network.

Tools used to test and repair hardware problems:

1. Screw drivers-is used to install and remove screws in your computer

unit.

2. Pliers and tweezers- is used for picking small parts

in your computer unit.

3. Soldering iron- is primarily used for connecting

terminals in your power supply and circuit board with the

use of a soldering lead.




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4. Anti-static wrist strap, mat and spray- are used to eliminate

electrostatic discharge in your work area.

5. Lens cleaner-is used for cleaning optical media, such as DVD-ROMS

and CD-writers.

6. Thermal paste-is a paste used for heat dissipation for your processor.

Network Troubleshooting Tools

1. LAN Tester – is a device used to test the network connection..

2. Crimping tool- is a device used to crimp the RJ45 connector to the UTP

cable.




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http://images.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ted-kyte.com/3D/Pictures/RJ45%20Crimping%20Tool.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.ted-kyte.com/3D/List-Electrical.htm&h=480&w=640&sz=24&hl=tl&start=4&um=1&tbnid=kruc0GjS0P63RM:&tbnh=103&tbnw=137&prev=/images?q=crimping+tool&um=1&hl=tl&sa=N

http://images.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http://www.nudata.com/testers/TD014_256553.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.nudata.com/testers/testerstoc.htm&h=285&w=270&sz=9&hl=tl&start=4&um=1&tbnid=co-P_qM5jrrR8M:&tbnh=115&tbnw=109&prev=/images?q=lan+tester&um=1&hl=tl&sa=N



Self Check 2.1-3

Place write your answers in your computer using MS Word and save in

your folder:

1. Enumerate the six tools used for troubleshooting.

a.

b. c.

d.

e.

f.

2. Enumerate the two network troubleshooting tools.

a.

b.




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*age1+ o, $&+evi)ion No.



ANSWER KEY 2.1-3

1. Enumerate the six tools used for troubleshooting.

a. Screw drivers

b. Pliers and tweezers

c. Soldering iron

d. Anti-static wrist strap, mat and spray

e. Lens cleaner

f. Thermal paste2. Enumerate the two network troubleshooting tools.

a. LAN Tester

b. Crimping tool




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Common %in&o's () Diagnosti! Uti#ities * Too#s

Learning Objective:




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*age1/ o, $&+evi)ion No.




useCommon Windows XP Diagnostic Utilities & Tools

1.There are a lot of diagnostic utilities for Windows XP, both included

with the system and third-party applications, that can examine yourcomputer for a range of problems. Microsoft's own, included utilities

have been specially trimmed to apply to certain devices and uses,

making them the best choice for all but the most devastating of

problems.

Disk Utilities

2.Many errors can be caused by hard disk problems. The Disk Cleanup,

Disk Defragmenter and Disk Error Checking utilities can assess and

fix many of these problems. All can be found under the System Toolssection of the Accessories sub-menu. Also, running your hard drive

manufacturer's specific disk diagnostic tool can help to diagnose any

read or write errors that cause application problems in Windows XP.

Application and Memory Utilities

3.Run time errors, blue screens and other memory errors are often

caused by badly written programs or incorrect system calls. The Dr.

Watson tool is great for checking application errors and can be

accessed by clicking the "Run" shortcut from the Start menu, typingin "DRWATSN32" and pressing "Enter." Memtest86+ is another great

tool for checking your computer's standalone memory (see Resources).

Network Diagnostics

4.The Network Diagnostics Tool is included with Windows XP and

provides a way to test yourInternet connection settings. You can

access it from Internet Explorer by clicking "Diagnose Connect

Problems" from an error page or by selecting the tool under the "Tools"

option menu. You can also right-click any network connection from

the Network Connections menu and choose to troubleshoot the

connection there to do further network diagnostics. Also, try using a

website such as Speed Test (see Resources) to test your broadband

connection speed and diagnose any speed issues.




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http://www.ehow.com/computers/

http://www.ehow.com/internet/


http://www.ehow.com/internet/



Hardware Diagnostics

5.Under the Device Manager you can see hardware that is working

improperly, because it will have a warning icon next to it. Right-clickthat device and choose to troubleshoot. This will bring up the device

troubleshooting utility that will often try to update the driver or fix an

existing driver.

Malware and Adware Utilities

6.Adware, malware and viruses can infect your computer, decimate its

performance and siphon your private data from your fingertips. Sincemost of these malicious programs are built to target Windows XP, it is

important to regularly check for malware. Tools such as Lavasoft's Ad-

Aware or Spybot Search & Destroy are great utilities for finding and

eliminating harmful or infected applications (see Resources). In

combination with traditional anti-virus software such as Norton or

McAfee, they are essential for keeping your computer running

smoothly.




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*age3& o, $&+evi)ion No.



Self Check 2.1-4

Mark X the appropriate classifications of the following utilities.Dis0

Ut

i

l

it

i

es

!**lication

andemo%

Utilities

,etwo%0

Diagnostics

a%dwa%e

Diagnostics

alwa%e

and!dwa%e

Utilities

#*+ot #ea%c'

D%. Watson tool

Dis0 Clean(*

emtest65

Dis0 De%agmente%

Deice anage%

#*eed Test

Dis0 E%%o% C'ec0ing (tilities

"aasot7s !d8!wa%e

,o%ton o% c!ee




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Answer key

Dis0 U

t

il

i

t

ie

s

!**licationand

emo%

Utilities

,etwo%0 Diagnostics

a%dwa%eDiagnostics

alwa%eand

!dwa%e

Utilities

#*+ot #ea%c' x

D%. Watson tool x

Dis0 Clean(* x

emtest65 x

Dis0 De%agmente% x

Deice t%o(+les'ooting (tilit x

#*eed Test x




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Dis0 E%%o% C'ec0ing (tilities x

"aasot7s !d8!wa%e x

,o%ton o% c!ee x

Job Sheet 2.1-1

T%tle & Per'or( D%.k Error C2eck

Performance Objectives:

Given a working personal computer you are going

to Perform Disk Error CheckS,--l%e. & Utility Software

Tool.3E1,%-(e)t & Working PC

Ste-.3 Proced,re&

1. %om #ta%t9 c'oose R(n9 and t*e in$ :cmd: t'at will o*en a command8line DO#

window.




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2. To %(n t'e command in %e*ai% mode9 t*e in$ :c'0ds0 c$;%: w'e%e t'e 7c7 stands o% t'e

C d%ie and 7%7 o% %e*ai%.

3. < o( get an messages li0e t'is$ C'0ds0 cannot %(n +eca(se t'e ol(me is in (se +

anot'e% *%ocess. Wo(ld o( li0e to sc'ed(le t'is ol(me to +e c'ec0ed t'e ne=t time

t'e sstem %esta%ts> ?;,@. T*e 9 and t'en *%ess E,TER to sc'ed(le t'e dis0 c'ec09

and t'en %esta%t o(% com*(te% to sta%t t'e dis0 c'ec0.4. O% o( can %(n c'0ds0$ %om Com*(te%$ %ig't clic0 :"ocal Dis0 ?C$@: o% an ot'e%

dis0 o( want to c'ec0.

/. Ao to P%o*e%ties9 clic0 on Tools9 and clic0 t'e +(tton :C'ec0 ,ow: (nde% E%%o%

C'ec0ing.

6. C'ec0 t'e two +o=es$ :!(tomaticall i= ile sstem e%%o%s: and :#can o% and attem*t

%ecoe% o +ad secto%s:. !nd clic0 #ta%t.

B. < o( get an messages li0e t'is$ T'e dis0 c'ec0 co(ld not +e *e%o%med +eca(se t'e

dis0 c'ec0 (tilit needs e=cl(sie access to some Windows iles on t'e dis0. T'ese

iles can +e accessed + %esta%ting Windows. Do o( want to sc'ed(le t'e dis0 c'ec0

to occ(% t'e ne=t time o( %esta%t t'e com*(te%> Clic0 es to sc'ed(le t'e dis0 c'ec09

and t'en %esta%t o(% com*(te% to sta%t t'e dis0 c'ec0.. Once t'e mac'ine is %esta%ted9 let it contin(e to scan and %e*ai% + itsel.

A..e..(e)t Met2od&

Demonst%ation9 Pe%o%mance C%ite%ia c'ec0list

PERFORMANCE CHECKLIST

Performance Criteria

Did you… Yes No

1. Started the computer properly

2. Followed the procedures to Run check disk

3. Repaired & fixed Errors.




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4. Followed safety procedures while performing check disk.




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LEARNING

OUTCOME #2

DIA(N!SE 4A>?TS !4 C!M*>TE SYSTEM

CONTENTS&

• *art) and ,unction) o, computer )')tem

• So,tware 5 operating )')tem% application )o,tware8

• Electrical t6eor'

• Computer monitor)

• Tec6ni<ue) ,or diagno)ing computer )')tem

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:$. Component) or part) o, computer )')tem clearl' identi,ied#. 4unction) o, t6e computer )')tem) e:plained1. 4ault) and ,ailure) o, t6e computer )')tem) diagno)ed "a)e on t6e ;o"

re<uirement)

CONDITION:

Trainees must be provided with the following:1. WORKPLACE LOCATION

2. Tools, Materials and Equipment and Facilities Screw driver) 5a))orted8 *lier) 5a))orted8=renc6e) >tilit' )o,tware)Connector) Adaptor)Di)2ette) CD !MComplete )et o, wor2ing computer Spare o, all component)Multimeter Appropriate )o,tware)

EVALUATION METHOD:

$. Hand)-on#. Direct o")ervation1. *ractical demon)tration





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Lear)%)4 E5-er%e)ce.

Learning Outcome 2

DIAGNOSE FAULTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM


1. Read information sheet 2.2-1 ”

Parts and function of computer

system”

If you have some problem on the

content of the information sheet

don’t hesitate to approach your

facilitator.


knowledgeable on the content of

the information sheet, you can now

answer self check provided in the

module.

2. Answer self-check 2.2-1 Compare your answer to the

answer key 2.2-1. If you got 100%correct answer in this self-check,

you can now perform task sheet

2.2-1. If not review the information

sheet and go over the self-check

again.

3. Do Task Sheet 2.2-1

Inventory of Computer Parts

Compare your work to the checklist

and let your trainer check it. If you

got 100% correct answer in this

activity, you can now perform jobsheet 2.2-1. If not review the

information sheet and go over the

activity again.

4. Perform Job Sheet 2.2-1

Upgrade and Repair Operating

System

Compare your answer to the

Performance Checklist. If you got

100% correct answer in this

activity, you can now move to the




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next Information Sheet. If not

review the information sheet and go

over the task again.

5. Read information sheet 2.2-2

“Software Packages And Use Of Application Programs”


content of the information sheetdon’t hesitate to approach your

facilitator.





module.


answer key 2.2-2. If you got 100%correct answer in this self-check,

you can now move to the

Information Sheet. If not review the


self-check again.


“Techniques for Diagnosing

Computer System”




facilitator.



the information sheet, you can


module.


answer key 2.2-3. If you got 100%

correct answer in this self-check,

you can now perform task sheet

2.2-2. If not review the informationsheet and go over the self-check

again.

9. Do Task Sheet 2.2-2

Faulty Connection of Computer

Peripherals

Evaluate your work to the Checklist

2.2-2. If you got 100% correct

answer in this task, you can now

move to the next learning Outcome.

If not review the information sheet




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and go over the task again.


Parts and function of computer system

Learning Objective:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to identify Parts

and function of computer system.

!RDW!RE




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!n e=*loded iew o a mode%n *e%sonal com*(te% and *e%i*'e%als$

1. #canne% 2. CPU ?ic%o*%ocesso% @

3. P%ima% sto%age ?R!@

4. E=*ansion ca%ds ?g%a*'ics ca%ds9 etc.@

/. Powe% s(**l

6. O*tical disc d%ie

B. #econda% sto%age ?a%d dis0 @

. ot'e%+oa%d

. #*ea0e%s

1. onito%

11. #stem sotwa%e

12. !**lication sotwa%e

13. -e+oa%d

14. o(se

1/. E=te%nal 'a%d dis0

16. P%inte%




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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploded_view

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_scanner

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unit

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microprocessor

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_storage

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_access_memory

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansion_card

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_card

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supply_unit_(computer)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_disc

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_storage

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_disk

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motherboard

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loudspeaker

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_display

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_software

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_software

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_keyboard

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouse_(computing)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_hard_disk_drive

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_printer

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Personal_computer,_exploded_6.svg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploded_view























Co(-,ter ca.e

! st%i**ed !TX case ling on its side.

! com*(te% case is t'e enclos(%e t'at contains t'e main com*onents o a com*(te%.

Cases a%e (s(all const%(cted %om steel o% al(mini(m9 alt'o(g' ot'e% mate%ials s(c' as wood

and *lastic 'ae +een (sed.

Proce..or

!D !t'lon 64 X2 CPU.

T'e cent%al *%ocessing (nit9 o% CPU9 is t'at *a%t o a com*(te% w'ic' e=ec(tes

sotwa%e *%og%am inst%(ctions.

Mot2erboard

!s(s mot'e%+oa%d

T'e mot'e%+oa%d9 also %ee%%ed to as sstem+oa%d o% main+oa%d9 is t'e *%ima% ci%c(it

+oa%d wit'in a *e%sonal com*(te%.

Ma%) (e(or6

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATX

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMD

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athlon_64_X2


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_program

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asus


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_board


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DDRSDRAM400-1GB.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Asus_a8n_VMCSM02.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:AMD_64X2_Dual-Core.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Stripped-computer-case.JPG

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATX


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMD

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athlon_64_X2


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_program

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asus






! PC7s main memo% is ast sto%age t'at is di%ectl accessi+le + t'e CPU9 and is (sed

to sto%e t'e c(%%entl e=ec(ting *%og%am and immediatel needed data.

Hard d%.k

ass sto%age deices sto%e *%og%ams and data een w'en t'e

*owe% is o t'e do %eF(i%e *owe% to *e%o%m %ead and w%ite

(nctions d(%ing (sage. !lt'o(g' las' memo% 'as d%o**ed in cost9

t'e *%eailing o%m o mass sto%age in *e%sonal com*(te%s is still t'e

'a%d dis0 .

7%deo card

!T< Radeon ideo ca%d

T'e ideo ca%d 8 ot'e%wise called a g%a*'ics ca%d9

g%a*'ics ada*te% o% ideo ada*te% 8 *%ocesses and %ende%s t'eg%a*'ics o(t*(t %om t'e com*(te% to t'e com*(te% dis*la9

and is an essential *a%t o t'e mode%n com*(te%.

7%.,al d%.-la6 ,)%t

! is(al dis*la (nit ?o% monito%@ is a *iece o

elect%ical eF(i*ment9 (s(all se*a%ate %om t'e com*(te%

case9 w'ic' dis*las iewa+le images gene%ated + a

com*(te% wit'o(t *%od(cing a *e%manent %eco%d.

e6board

<n com*(ting9 a 0e+oa%d is an a%%angement o +(ttons t'at eac' co%%es*ond to a

(nction9 lette%9 o% n(m+e%.

Mo,.e

! o(se on a com*(te% is a small9 slida+le deice t'at (se%s 'old and slide a%o(nd to

*oint at9 clic0 on9 and sometimes d%ag o+Gects on sc%een in a g%a*'ical (se% inte%ace (sing a

*ointe% on sc%een..

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memory


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATI_Technologies

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radeon

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_card



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_equipment

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_(computing)


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mighty_Mouse.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ModelM.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memory


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATI_Technologies

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radeon




http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_equipment

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_(computing)




Ot2er co(-o)e)t.

Ma.. .tora4e

!ll com*(te%s %eF(i%e eit'e% i=ed o% %emoa+le sto%age o% t'ei% o*e%ating sstem9

*%og%ams and (se% gene%ated mate%ial.

o%me%l t'e /H inc' and 3I inc' lo** d%ie we%e t'e *%inci*al o%ms o %emoa+le

sto%age o% +ac0(* o (se% iles and dist%i+(tion o sotwa%e.

!s memo% siJes inc%eased9 t'e ca*acit o t'e lo** did not 0ee* *ace t'e Ki* d%ie and

ot'e% 'ig'e%8ca*acit %emoa+le media we%e int%od(ced +(t nee% +ecame as *%ealent as t'e

lo** d%ie.

! U#L las' d%ie toda *e%o%ms m(c' o t'e data t%anse% and +ac0(* (nctions

o%me%l done wit' lo** d%ies9 Ki* dis0s and ot'e% deices.

Co(-,ter co((,)%cat%o).• <nte%nal modem ca%d

• odem

• ,etwo%0 ada*te% ca%d

• Ro(te%

Co((o) -er%-2eral. a)d ada-ter card.

• eadset

• Mostic0

• ic%o*'one

• P%inte%

• #canne%

• #o(nd ada*te% ca%d as a se*a%ate ca%d %at'e% t'an located on t'e mot'e%+oa%d• #*ea0e%s

• We+cam

• LAN Card – is a network interface card. This

is a computer circuit board or card that is

installed in a computer so that it can be

connected to a network.

• Modem -(Modulator-Demodulator) The

modem is a device that allows a givencomputer to share data or otherwise a

device which let computers exchange

information

• USB – Universal Serial Bus, a hardware

interface for low-speed peripherals such as

the keyboard, mouse, joystick, scanner,

printer and telephony devices.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floppy_drive

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zip_drive

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drive

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zip_disk

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Softmodem

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modem

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_card

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Router

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headset_(telephone/computer)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joystick

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphone



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_card


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webcam

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floppy_drive

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zip_drive

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drive

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zip_disk

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Softmodem

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modem

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_card

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Router

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headset_(telephone/computer)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joystick

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphone



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_card


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webcam



• Scanner- it is an input device that read text

or illustration printed on paper, translates

the information into a form that a computer

can use.

• Printer -it is a piece of hardware that

produces a paper copy (also known as

‘hardcopy’) of the information generated by

the computer.

•

RAM –Random Access Memory, is a primary memory. This memoryis used inside the computer to hold programs and data while it is

running.

• BIOS – Basic Input/Output System, chip that controls the most basic

functions of the computer and performs a self-test every time you turn

it on.

•

Flash drive–RAM that can retain data without electrical power. It is widely used

for BIOS chips and for digital camera and

digital music storage.

• Video Camera -camera using videotape: a

camera that records onto videotape

Self Check 2.2-1

Give the name of each numbered computer components.



Answer Key

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Personal_computer,_exploded_6.svg



1. #canne%

2. CPU ?ic%o*%ocesso% @

3. P%ima% sto%age ?R!@

4. E=*ansion ca%ds ?g%a*'ics ca%ds9 etc.@

/. Powe% s(**l

6. O*tical disc d%ie

B. #econda% sto%age ?a%d dis0 @

. ot'e%+oa%d

. #*ea0e%s

1. onito%

11. #stem sotwa%e

12. !**lication sotwa%e

13. -e+oa%d

14. o(se

1/. E=te%nal 'a%d dis0 16. P%inte%











































TASK SHEET 2.2-1

T%tle & Inventory of Computer Parts


Given a complete set of personal computer you are going to make an

inventory of computer components bases on the given template.

S,--l%e. & UTP Cable, RJ 45

Tool.3E1,%-(e)t &

Complete set of PC with peripherals

Ste-.3 Proced,re&

1.Prepare the given template

2.Make an Inventory of the components and peripherals of the given pc.

3.Let your trainer check your work.

A..e..(e)t Met2od&

Demonst%ation 9 Pe%o%mance C%ite%ia c'ec0list

Template

TR!<,EE# ,!E

TR!<,ER# ,!E

NU!"<<C!T<O, COPUTER !RDW!RE #ER<C<,A ,C <<

D!TE

T<E

<,E,TOR O PC COPO,E,T#

,!E #PEC<<C!T<O, NU!,T<T RE!R-#

Did t'e T%ainees oe%all *e%o%mance meet t'e %eF(i%ed

eidence;standa%d> es ,o



T%ainees #ignat(%e Date$

T%aine%s #ignat(%e Date$


Performance Criteria

Did you… Yes No

1. Listed down all computer components and peripherals

2. Identified the specifications of different components

3. Applied safety precautions during the task.

4. Used and filled up the given template correctly

5. Wrote the exact quantity.

6. Gave remarks correctly.



Job Sheet 2.2-1

T%tle & Upgrade and Repair Operating System


Given a working personal computer you are going to repair &

upgrade the previous operating system to XP or Higher.

S,--l%e. & Windows XP Installer or higher

• Tool.3E1,%-(e)t & Working PC

Ste-.3 Proced,re&

1.Insert the Windows XP CD. Select Start > Run.

2.In the Run box, where D is the drive letter for the CD-ROM, type

D:\i386\winnt32 and press Enter. The Welcome to the Windows XP

Setup Wizard displays.

3.Choose Upgrade to Windows XP and click Next. The License

Agreement page displays.

4.Read the license agreement and click the button to accept this

agreement.5.Click Next. The Upgrading to the Windows XP NTFS File System page

displays.

6.Follow the prompts and complete the upgrade. When the install is

complete, the computer will restart.

A..e..(e)t Met2od&

Demonst%ation wit' F(estioning 9 Pe%o%mance C%ite%ia c'ec0list



Performance Criteria Checklist 2.2-1

CRITERIA

Did you…

Yes No

Started the computer properly

Inserted the XP Installation CD

Ran XP Installer

Selected upgrade option

Followed the prompts and completed the upgrading process

Upgraded the computer properly

Installed all necessary drivers



INFORMATION SHEET 2.2-2Software Packages and Use of Application Programs

Learning Objective:


Software Packages and Use of Application Programs.

Software is the component of a computer system which refers to the

set of instructions written in a code-that computers can understand and

execute. Another name for this set of instructions is program.

Three Types of Software

1.System Software

2.Application Software

3.Programming Language

System Software. This software tells the CPU what to do, a more common

term is Operating System (OS). The most popular OS in use for PCmicrocomputer is Microsoft’s MS DOS. DOS for short is a collection of

various programs that help control your PC. Other operating systems are

Microsoft Windows (from the early Windows 95 and 98 to the current

windows Vista, OS 2, MAC OS, Unix, Linux and Apple’s OS 9.

Application Software. This is designed and written to perform specific

personal, business, or scientific processing tasks, such as payroll,

processing, human resource management, or inventory management.

Common Application software are the following:

• Word Processor – This serves as an electronic typewriter and even

more. With word processors, the user can easily produce quality

documents like memos and reports. Popular word processors include

MS Word and Word Perfect.

• Spreadsheets- These are programs that simulate a paper divided into

rows and columns, where values can be placed. These are used for

advanced numerical analysis and calculations. Some of the more



common spreadsheet programs are Lotus 1-2-3 and, Ms Excel and

Open Calculate.

• Database Programs – These serve to collect a structured collection of

data, which can later be managed and manipulated.

• Presentation Software – These are programs that allow users to

create electronic presentation for reports and other functions.

• Desktop Publishing Software – This allow the user to create page

makeup and do simple typesetting to produce various materials, such

as books pamphlets, reports, and booklets. Example of DTP software

are MS Publisher, and PageMaker.

• Reference Software – These are electronic versions of various

references such as encyclopedia, almanacs, atlases, dictionaries,

thesauri, and the like.

• Graphics Programs – These allow the creation and manipulation of

graphics, images, objects, and pictures. Some of the common

graphics programs are CorelDraw, Photoshop, and Computer Aided

Design (CAD)

• Educational Software – These include tutorials and electronic

lessons that give students knowledge or training in a particular

subject or skill, such as Math or Science or in gardening or cooking.

• Computer Games – These are programs that simulate real games or

provide entertainment and adventure to users.

• Network Software – These are programs that make it possible for

computers in different areas to be connected, allowing their users tocommunicate with each other.

• Language Software – These provide programmers with the necessary

tools to write programs and instructions to computer.

Programming Software. Programmers use this software for making

computer programs. Programming software is a tool to make software using

different programming languages.



SELF-CHECK 2.2 -2

A. TRUE OR FALSE. Write T if the statement is true and correct and F ifit is not. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering.

______ 1. Word processors are used to create special movie effects.

______ 2. Systems software tells the CPU what to do.

______ 3. Software refers to the set od instructions that computer can

understand and execute.

______ 4. Reference software includes tutorial and electronic lessons that

give students knowledge or training in a particular subject or skill.______ 5. Graphics Program allow the users to execute electronic

presentations for reports and other functions.

B. Discuss briefly the three types of software.



ANSWER KEY 2.2-2

A. True or False

1. False

2. True

3. True

4. False

5. False

B.

System Software – tells the Central processing unit what to do.

Application Software – This is designed and written to perform specific

personal, business, or scientific processing tasks, such as payrollprocessing, human resource management, or inventory management.

Programming Software - to make software using different

programming languages.




Techniques for Diagnosing Computer System

Learning Objective:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to use

Techniques for Diagnosing Computer System

Techniques for diagnosing computer system

1.Computer Diagnosis

2.Rules In Diagnosing Computer System

3.Factors Causing Computer Failures and Defects4.Problem Isolation

5.Component Isolation

Computer Diagnosis

Sometimes when the problem with a system is not totally apparent

and the problem may be intermittent, using a basic common

diagnostic procedure may help determine what is wrong. This

procedure has a number of steps that, if followed each time, can be of

help.

Rules in Diagnosing Computer System

1.Know the facts

• Educate oneself on all aspects and operation of computer

parts.

• Continuous learning on computer technology.

2.Use your common sense

3.Focus on Field Replaceable Units

• Identify the different types of FRU that can be used for

replacement or subassembly.

4.Proper assembly and disassembly

Factors Causing Computer Failures and Defects

1.Peopleware

2.Firmware

3.Software

4.Hardware

5.Static(ESD)6.Electricity



Peopleware

• Untrained personnel would probably damage programs in PC.

Firmware

• Programs or software burnt in chips may be corrupted.

Software

• Corrupted operating systems would cause the system to fail.

Hardware

• Defective hardware components would lead to computer malfunction.

• Hardware conflicts and viruses can hinder your computers performance.

ESD (Electro Static Discharge)

• Electro static discharge can easily damage sensitive components in your

computer.

Electricity

• Incoming supply from AC outlet must be regulated, power surges can

damage computer units.

Problem IsolationProblem isolation is a detective work in which you need to determine

what is out of the ordinary by making detailed observation of what is not

working normally and record any information as you proceed. The

information you will be able to gather will help diagnose your computer. You

need to observe wisely. Look for any abnormalities in the unit, any change in

smell or foreign smell, listen to all the sounds, and error codes.

Component Isolation

This section will aid in determining components in your system which

are failing. First, most systems have 3 major components; monitor, system

unit, and printers. Some have multiple external devices. To troubleshoot,

you need to isolate major components which are failing to operate.

Figure 1. Computer system connections



Self Check 2.2-3

Enumerate the following items below:

1.Factors Causing Computer Failures and Defects.

2. Techniques for diagnosing computer system.



Answer Key

1. Factors Causing Computer Failures and Defects

1.Peopleware

2.Firmware

3.Software

4.Hardware

5.Static(ESD)

6.Electricity

2. Techniques for diagnosing computer system

1.Computer Diagnosis2.Rules In Diagnosing Computer System

3.Factors Causing Computer Failures and Defects

4.Problem Isolation

5.Component Isolation



TASK SHEET 2.2-2

T%tle & Faulty Connection of Computer Peripherals


Given with the different equipments, identify Faulty Connection of

Computer and Peripherals

S,--l%e. & UTP Cable, RJ 45

Tool.3E1,%-(e)t & System unit

Monitor

KeyboardMouse

Printer

Power plugs

AVR

Ste-.3 Proced,re&

1.Prepare materials and tools needed2.Install system units and peripherals



3.Identify and fixed faulty connections

4.Power on the unit.

5.Apply troubleshooting if necessary.

6.Check the functionality of each computer peripherals

7.Let your trainer check your works.

A..e..(e)t Met2od&



CRITERIA

Did you…

YES NO

1. Followed sequence of steps in diagnosing.


3. Performed standard procedures in diagnosing.

4. Identified Errors & Symptoms.



LEARNING

OUTCOME 3

REPAIR DEFECTS IN COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND

NETWORKS

CONTENTS&

• *roper repairing7replacing procedure) o, di,,erent component)

• =iring tec6ni<ue)

• *ower )upplie)

• Determining de,ective component)

• @a)ic networ2ing

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA&

$. De,ective component) properl' replaced and corrected#. Error in networ2) clearl' identi,ied and repaired in line wit6 )tandard

procedure)1. De,ective component) identi,ied and )eparated to ot6er component)

CONDITION&

T%ainees m(st +e *%oided wit' t'e ollowing$

3.WOR-P"!CE "OC!T<O,

4. Tools, Materials and Equipment and Facilities Screw driver) 5a))orted8 *lier) 5a))orted8Soldering iron =renc6e)>tilit' )o,tware Server)=or2)tation) *rinter)*rocedure) and guideline) Multite)ter Networ2 ca"le te)ter Crimping tool)

References:

• Andres Sr., Antonio M. Introduction of Computer. Fully Illustrated,

Valenzuela City; May 2003 World Class Publishing and Packaging

• Sto. Domingo, Josephine C.,Learning Windows XP and Internet the Easy Way Computers - The Easy Way

E7ALUATION METHOD&

• Demonst%ation & O%al N(estioning

• W%itten Test




Learning Experiences

Learning Outcome 3

REPAIR DEFECTS IN COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS



” Proper Replacement of

Components or Parts”




facilitator.

If you feel that you are nowknowledgeable on the content of



module.


answer key


answer in this self-check, you can

now move to the next informationsheet. If not review the information


again.


“Adjustments, Modifications

and Upgrading”




facilitator.


knowledgeable on the content ofthe information sheet, you can


module.


answer key



now perform task sheet 2.3-1. If

not review the information sheet

and go over the self-check again.



/. Do Task Sheet 2.3-1

Hardware Upgrade

Compare your work to the checklist



task, you can now move to the next

information sheet. If not review theinformation sheet and go over the

task again.


“Determining Defective

Components”




facilitator.



the information sheet, you cananswer self check provided in the

module.

B. Answer self-check 2.3-3 Compare your answer to the

answer key



now perform Job Sheet 2.3-1. If not


over the self-check again.

. Perform Job Sheet 2.3-1

PC Troubleshooting

Compare your work to the

Performance Checklist. If you got

100% correct answer in this self-

check, you can now move to the

next learning Outcome. If not


over the self-check again.



IN%ORMATION SHEET &'()*

Proper Replacement of Components or Parts

Learning Objective:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to follow Proper

procedures in Replacement of Components or Parts.

Computer Parts Replacement

Replacing computer parts and peripherals you need to consider the following

factors:

1.Compatibility of the component or part

2.Consider the component specification

3.Components form factor

Compatibility of the Component

When replacing computer parts you should check if it is compatible with

your unit. Double check on your computer manual if the component you are

replacing is compatible or not with the unit because this may lead to system

crash.

Component Specification

This focuses on the specification of the component. Check if the voltagerating, current rating, memory size and frequency matches your computer

unit.

Form factor

The components’ manufacturer should be considered. Check if the unit you

are trying to repair or upgrade is generic or branded units. Branded units

have their own set of components compatible only to their units, while

genetic types can be used only to generic type of units.

List of Components Commonly Replaced in a Computer System



Memory- is technically any form of electronic storage; it is used most often

to identify fast, temporary forms of storage. It is commonly called RAM

(Random Access Memory).

Video Cards- is also referred to as agraphics accelerator, is an item of

personal computer hardware whose function is to generate and output

images to a display.

Network Interface Card – is also known as LAN card. A PC interface to

network cabling. It is a piece of computer hardware designed to allow

computers to communicate over a computer network



Hard disk drive – is a fixed computer storage medium

Motherboard – is also known as the mainboard. It contains circuits that

perform various functions.

Processor – is also known as CPU or the Central Processing unit

General Safety Tips and Reminders



Observe good housekeeping in the area of the machines during and

after maintenance.

Place removed covers and other parts in a safe place, away from all

personnel, while you are servicing the machine.

Dress for the Job

Keep your tool case away from walk areas so that other people will not

trip over it.

Do not wear loose clothing that can be trapped in the moving parts of

a machine. Ensure that your sleeves are fastened or rolled up above

your elbows. If your hair is long, use hair net or hair cap.

Insert the ends of your necktie or scarf inside clothing or fasten it witha nonconductive clip, approximately 3 inches from the end.

Do not wear jewelry, chains, metal-frame eyeglasses, or metal

fasteners for your clothing.

After service, reinstall all safety shields, guards, labels, and ground wires. Replace any safety device that is worn out or defective.

Finally, reinstall all covers correctly before returning the unit to the

customers.

Electrical safety

Electric current from power, telephone, and communication cables can be

hazardous. To avoid personal injury or equipment damage, disconnect the

attached power cords, telecommunications systems, networks and modems

before you open the server/workstation covers, unless instructed otherwisein the installation and configuration procedure.

Precautions

Disconnect all power before:

− Performing a mechanical inspection

− Working near power supplies

− Removing or installing main units

Before starting work on the machine, unplug the power cord.

Never assumethat power has been disconnected from a circuit. First,checkthat it has been powered-off.

Remember:Metal objects are good conductors



Always look carefully for possible hazards in your work

− Moist floors

− Non-grounded power extension cables

− Power surges.

If an electrical accident occurs:− Use caution

− Switch off power

− Send another person to get medical aid

Safety Inspection Guide

1.These steps will help you to identify potentially unsafe conditions on

these products:

Check exterior covers for damage (loose, broken, or sharp edges)

Power-off computer. Disconnect the power cord.

The power cord should be the appropriate type.

Insulation on the power cord must not be frayed or worn out.

Remove the cover.

Check for any obvious alteration. Use good judgment as to the

safety of any alterations.

Check for worn out, frayed or pinched cables.

Check that the power-supply cover fasteners (screws or rivets)

have not been removed or tampered with.

Self Check 2.3-1

Place your answer on a separate sheet.

1. Give the functions of each component.

1.Memory2.Video card

3.NIC

4.Motherboard

5.HDD

2. Factors to consider when replacing a component.

1.

2. 3.



Answer Key

1. Give the functions of each component.

1.Memory- is technically any form of electronic storage; it is used most

often to identify fast, temporary forms of storage. It is commonly called

RAM (Random Access Memory).

2.Video card - is also referred to as agraphics accelerator, is an item of

personal computer hardware whose function is to generate and output

images to a display.

3.NIC - is also known as LAN card. A PC interface to network cabling. It

is a piece of computer hardware designed to allow computers to

communicate over a computer network



4.Motherboard - is also known as the mainboard. It contains circuits

that perform various functions.

5.HDD - is a fixed computer storage medium

2. Factors to consider when replacing a component.

1. Compatibility of the component or part

2.Consider the component specification

3.Components form factor


Adjustments, Modifications and Upgrading your PC

Learning Objective:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to

Adjust, Modify and Upgrade your PC



Upgrading Your Computer Components

To upgrade means to change some parts with faster and better performing

ones. These parts may even cost less and more powerful.

Commonly Upgraded Computer Parts:

Monitors- replaced old CRT monitors to new LCD

monitors.

Optical drives- old cd-rom drives are commonly

replaced with DVD-ROM and DVD writers.

Hard Drives- small capacity hard drives are replaced with

faster and high capacity hard drives.

Keyboards and mouse- keyboards and mouse are commonly replaced

with optical mouse and wireless keyboards.

RAM (Random Access Memory)- upgrading the computer’s memory or

RAM speeds up the performance of the computer



Video cards- upgrade computer’s graphics card to improve the computers

performance in terms of graphics and games.

Processors- replacing the possessors increases the data processing

speed.

Modem- installing a modem enables your computer to connect to the

internet.

How to Speed up the Computer



1. Defragmenter utility: Automatically analyzes the empty disk space on the

hard disk and defrag all scattered files.

2. Shutdown Unnecessary programs: Close all unwanted programs at the

Windows startup and this will automatically increase the windows loading

time and speed of the computer will also be increased.

3.Increased memory: increasing the memory in the system will result to

exceptional speed of your computer.

4. Disk Cleanup: You can

delete unwanted programs and

files from your computer and

this will be helpful in

increasing the speed.

Clo.e t2e

,))ece..ar6

-ro4ra(.



5. Empty Recycle Bin: Delete all the files and

folders from the recycle bin and you will get the

space of C drive for reusability.

Memory Upgrade

To make your computer faster you can upgrade its memory, here are the

steps in upgrading your computers memory

1. Remove the memory modules from the

slot.

2. InFig 1.2 the notches we have marked as

A are used for the ejector clip on the DIMM

slot.

The notches we have marked asB are used toalign the memory module with the DIMM slot

keyC as shown inFig 1.3.

InFig 1.3 you can see the ejector clips (D),

using your finger, push these into the down

position as shown inFig 1.3 this allows the

memory to be inserted.

3. Now you are ready to install the module,ensuring the notches line up with the keys

gently but firmly push the memory into the

slot until it is seated fully(seeFig 1.4), the

ejector clips should rise to the vertical

position as shown inFig 1.5.

4. Now your memory is installed. Be sure you

haven't loosened any cables while working and

also ensure that the memory module isfully seated and the ejector clips are in the vertical



position.

Video card Upgrade

Installing the video card

Next take the video card (hold it by the edges) and line it up with the slot

paying careful attention to the alignment notch, when it is aligned correctly

press gently but firmly until the card is seated fully and evenly into the slot

(seefig 1.3).

When you are happy that the card is firmly in place, insert the fixing screw

fig 1.4 and check to make sure you haven't loosened anything during

installation.

Replace the case cover and reconnect the mains power.

When you reboot your machine Windows (or other OS) should find the card

automatically, it may then ask you to insert the disk/CD that came with

your video card, insert the CD and follow the on-screen instructions to

install the video card driver.



Hard Drive Upgrade

The first thing to do (after removing the case covers) is to locate the drive

bay where the hard drive will go (seefig 1.3 below).

In our example infig 1.3 above we have adrive already in the bay so you can see more

clearly where it should be situated.

The next step is to attach the IDE and power cables.

In fig 1.4 below you can see a standard IDE Cable, note there are 3

connections (notice the difference in distance between the connectors),

connection A plugs into the motherboard and then the slave and master

connections are used for IDE devices such as hard drives, if you are only

installing one drive or the new drive is to be the master then use the master

connector, if the drive is to be the slave

then use the slave connector.

The IDE cable will be marked down one

side with a red or black strip, this denotes Pin 1, match this with the Pin 1

indicator on the back of the hard drive.

The power cable you will find in your case attached

to your power supply.



Self Check 2.3-2

Write down the process of upgrading the following component:

1.

2.

3.

4.



5.

Answer key

1.Monitors- replaced old CRT monitors to new LCD monitors.

2.Optical drives- old cd-rom drives are commonly replaced with

DVD-ROM and DVD writers.

3.Keyboardsare commonly replaced with wireless keyboards

4.Hard Drives- small capacity hard drives are replaced with faster

and high capacity hard drives.

5.Mouse- commonly replaced with optical mouse



TASK SHEET 2.3.1

T%tle & Hardware Upgrade

Per'or(a)ce Ob*ect%+e & Given the tools and materials, upgrade your

computer by installing a network card.

S,--l%e.3Tool. & Philip Screw Deriver

Anti-static wrist strap

Anti-static mat

Tool.3E1,%-(e)t & Working Computer

Network Card



Ste-.3 Proced,re&

1.Prepare the needed tools, supplies & materials

2.Install the network card

3.Start the computer

4.Make necessary configuration

5.Test the functionality of the network card.

A..e..(e)t Met2od&


Per'or(a)ce Cr%ter%a C2eckl%.t

CRITERIA

Did you…

Yes No

1. Observed safety precautions

2. Used appropriate tools in upgrading

3. Made necessary improvement and adjustment in

terms of upgrading.

4. Installed driver properly.




Determining Defective Components

Learning Objective:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to Determining

Defective Components



Testing Procedures

• Deciding When to Test the System. Identify computer symptoms

and defects

• Preparing to Test the System . It’s recommended that you should

not plug your computer and monitor directly to a wall outlet. Rather,

you should purchase a UPS (uninterruptible power supply). The UPS

serves as a surge protector to prevent your system from being

damaged if a power spike is delivered to it and when power will fail

unexpectedly. The UPS gives you time to save your work and properly

shut down your system. If a system is turned off and back on rapidly,

it’s probably not good for the system. A very short power drop could

mimic this effect and could be hard on both the computer and themonitor.

Test Your Computer Memory RAM

I 'ant to &o t+is,

MostComputer Memory comes with a life time warranty from the

manufacturer but this can be very inconvenient. You can return memory

easily to the seller in the 1st 2 weeks but most problems show themselves

much later and it always seems to happen when you need your computer

the most. Learn how to detect problems in the 1st 8 hours after you install

memory and save yourself from headaches and inconvenience down the

road.

Memory is an easy upgrade but how do you know its running at the

advertised speed? Do you know for sure its running error free? Memory can

arrive from the seller and have a defects that won't be seen for weeks or a

months. But then it happens. Blue screens, freezing, memory errors,

http://www.ehow.com/account/simple_login.aspx


http://i.ehow.com/images/a04/sa/tc/test-computer-memory-ram-800X800.jpg





spontaneous reboots. All signs of defective memory. Read on to learn how to

protect yourself from buying bad memory.

Instructions

Things You'll Need:

• New memory

• CD burner

• Blank CD-R or CDRW

1.We will assume you know how to buy the right memory. If not, visit

my article on buying the right memory.

2.Shut down your PC, unplug your computer, and Open the cover.

TIP: If you have toggle switch on the back of your power supply, you

can add more safety by turning the switch off and leaving the

computer plugged into the wall outlet. Yes, leave it plugged with the

hard power switch off. This provides an excellent ground to your

computer with no actual power applied.

3. we have 2 sticks of new memory rated for our computer.

Lets assume our computer has 4 slots. 2 slots are filled, 2 are empty.

With the case open, open the levers on the side of the installed memory

sticks and remove them. Put them in a safe place.

4. Insert the new memory sticks in the same place the old sticks were and

lock the levers. The reason we are doing these extra steps is so we can

test the new memory. Leaving in the old memory can affect the new

memory's speed reading or even errors in the old memory will not be

clearly the fault of the old memory.

5. Turn on the power and boot up. Watch for the prompt to access SETUP

or BIOS. Most popular keys for this are DEL, F2, or F10.

6. Inside the BIOS or Setup screen, look for the section called memory.

Check to see the memory is running at the speed you purchased and

displays the full amount you purchased. Exist setup and allow computer

to boot up fully.

7. Download Memtest86+ 2.11. Its free and supports DDR2 and DDR3

memory. Unzip the file and create a CD using the ISO file using your

favorite cd burner program. This is a bootable CD.



8. Reboot the PC and insert the CD you just made before the post screen is

done. Assuming your PC is set to boot from the CD first,(most are), the CD

will start up the MEMTEST program and start running. This will run over

and over. It will also count how many times its run and the number of errors

it encounters. The number of errors should be zero.

9. Let it run for up to 8 hours. Once you are satisfied, exit the program

using the legend on screen. Remove the CD, and turn off the computer.

10. You now know you have reliable memory that will likely last for years to

come

How to Tell if a Motherboard Is Defective

I 'ant to &o t+is,

The motherboard is the backbone of yourcomputer as it is the piece that all

of the other components are connected to. If yourcomputer will not boot up

properly or power on at all the problem may potentially lie with the

motherboard. Because so many other components are connected to the

motherboard you will need to troubleshoot each other part first.

Instructions

Things You'll Need:

• Screwdriver

• Replacement processor

• Replacement RAM modules

• Replacement video card

1.Turn the computer off and then remove the power cable from the

electrical wall outlet. Plug a power cable from a different electrical device

into the outlet and power it on so that you can rule out the outlet as your

problem. Connect the computer's power cable back into the outlet.



http://www.ehow.com/how_113600_troubleshoot-computer-wont.html

http://i.ehow.com/images/a04/lh/54/tell-motherboard-defective-800X800.jpg






2.Power the computer back on and place your hand behind the case near

the power supply. Wait a few moments to see if any air is pushed out of

the power supply by the cooling fan. Replace the power supply instead of

the motherboard if the fan is not working.

3.Shut down the computer again and pull out all of the cables from the

back side of the case. Remove any other devices you have connected to

the front ports on the computer such as a USB printer or jump drive.

4.Set down the computer so that the left side panel is facing towards you.

Unlock the side panel from the computer case by removing the case

screws if there are any. Twist of the thumbscrew or pull up on the metal

holding latch if the computer does not use case screws.

5.Remove the screws holding any expansion cards to the case and then pull

them off the motherboard. Pull out all of the cables running from the

motherboard to the power supply and drive bays. Pull out the screws

holding the motherboard to the case. Pull the motherboard straight up

out of the case and set it down carefully on a flat non-metal surface.

6.Check to make sure that there is no physical damage to the motherboard

such as bent pins or burnt transistors. Purchase a new motherboard and

place it back in the case if there is any visible damage.

7.Remove the screws holding the power supply to the case and slide it out

of the drive bay. Set it down near the motherboard and connect the SATA

cable from the motherboard to the power supply. Connect the power cable

from the power supply to a wall outlet. Plug cable from the computer's

monitor into the corresponding port on the motherboard.

8.Remove the RAM modules and replace them with another set. Press down

the power button on the motherboard with a screwdriver or another flat

object. Wait to see if the computer loads up without error, which will

indicate that the problem is with the RAM modules instead of with the

motherboard.

9.Power the motherboard back off and replace the processor with a

different one. Turn the motherboard back on and see if the system boots

up normally, which will indicate a defective processor.

10.Turn the motherboard off and replace the video card with a different one.

Power the motherboard on and see if the system boots up, which will

indicate a defective video card.

11.Replace the motherboard if the system still will not boot up after all of the

other components have been checked.



How to Know If a Sound Card Is Bad

I 'ant to &o t+is,

You turn on yourcomputer one morning, hoping to listen to the morning

news, but there's one tiny little problem. You're not getting any sound out of

the speakers. A few simple steps will determine what is wrong.

Instructions

Things You'll Need:

• Extra set of speakers

• Another computer

• Internet access

1. Try restarting the computer to see if it does it again. It may be a freak

incident.

2. If that doesn't work then check to make sure that

everything is plugged in and is turned on. Thisincludes checking the wires from the speakers to the

computer and making sure the speakers have power.

Also check to see if the volume isn't muted or turned

down extremely low.

3. Check to see if the driver is working. Click the start menu, right click

on the computer icon, and select properties. On the left

hand side under task select device manager and select

sound, video andgames controller. Double click on your

sound device to bring up the properties page. From here



http://www.ehow.com/hobbies-games/

http://i.ehow.com/images/a04/ge/u4/sound-card-bad-1.3-800X800.jpg

http://i.ehow.com/images/a04/ge/u4/sound-card-bad-1.2-800X800.jpg

http://i.ehow.com/images/a04/ge/u4/sound-card-bad-800X800.jpg



http://www.ehow.com/hobbies-games/



it will tell you if your sound card is working properly or not. If it isn't try

reinstalling the sound card driver. If the sound card is not showing up at

all, then it might be defective.

4. The next step is to rule out the speakers. Either take them and hook

they up to another computer to see if they work or you can take different

speakers and hook it up to the computer to see if they work. If they do

work chances are the card is defective.

5. Before ruling out the sound card is toast, try rolling Windows back to

an earlier date by using System Restore which is located under

accessories > System Tools. Restore the computer to a few days before the

problem started to happen.



Self Check 2.3-3

TRUE OR FALSE: Write T if the statement is True and F if the statement is

False.

____1.It’s recommended that you should plug your computer andmonitor directly to a wall outlet.

____2.The motherboard is the backbone of yourcomputer as it is the

piece that all of the other components are connected to.

____3.If yourcomputer will not boot up properly or power on at all the

problem may potentially lie with the keyboard.

____4.You must turn the computer off before removing any component

from the motherboard.

____5.The first step in troubleshooting your PC is to restart the system.







Answer Key

1.F2.T

3.F

4.T

5.T



JOB SHEET 2.3-1

T%tle & PC Troubleshooting

Performance Objectives: Given the necessary tools, materials and

equipment, perform PC testing and

troubleshooting.

S,--l%e. & Manuals

Tool.3E1,%-(e)t & Defective Computer Unit, Automatic Voltage

Regulator (AVR), Power Cables, Sound card, Video

card, Screw Diver

Ste-.3 Proced,re&

1.Prepare the needed tools, supplies and materials.

2.Test and find defective component of the given pc.

3. Replace the defective component.

4.Test the functionality by starting computer.



A..e..(e)t Met2od&



Criteria

Did you… YES NO

1. Plugged in the power cable properly.

2. Connected AVR to the Power source properly.

3. Carefully observed safety precautions.

4. Identified and replaced defective component.

5. Replaced defective devices successfully.

6. Repaired defective PC successfully.

7. Observed OHS Procedures.



LEARNING

OUTCOME 4 TEST SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS

CONTENTS&

• (uideline) ,or te)ting computer )')tem

• Advance networ2ing

•Computer )')tem) operation

• Digital electronic)

• Communication)

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA&

#. Computer )')tem) and networ2) are te)ted in accordance wit6 t6e ;o"re<uirement)

1. In,ormation are )6ared ,rom one computer to anot6er a) primar' re<uirementin computer networ2ing

3. eport) are prepared and completed according to t6e compan' re<uirement)

CONDITION&

T%ainees m(st +e *%oided wit' t'e ollowing$

1.WOR-P"!CE "OC!T<O,

2. Tools, Materials and Equipment and Facilities

Server) =or2)tation)*rinter) *rocedure) and guideline) ,or te)tingNetwor2 ca"le te)ter Hu")*aper) 5,or report generation8 AC line 5to )uppl' power8

References:

• Andres Sr., Antonio M. Introduction of Computer. Fully Illustrated,

Valenzuela City; May 2003 World Class Publishing and Packaging

• Sto. Domingo, Josephine C.,Learning Windows XP and Internet the Easy

Way Computers - The Easy Way

E7ALUATION METHOD&

• Demonst%ation & O%al N(estioning

• W%itten Test




Learning ExperiencesLearning Outcome 4

TEST SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS


1. Read information sheet 2.4-1 ”

Testing Computer System”




facilitator.

If you feel you are now




module.




you can now perform task Sheet

2.4-1. If not review the information


again.

3. Perform Task Sheet 2.4-1

Testing a Computer Unit

Compare your work to the

performance checklist. If you got

100% correct answer in this task,

you can now move to the next

information sheet. If not review the


task again.


“Enumerating unpredicted events”




facilitator.




do Task Sheet 2.4-2 provided in the

module.5. Do Task Sheet 2.4-2 Compare your work to the checklist



Error codes



task, you can now move to the next

self-check. If not review the

information sheet and go over thetask again.




you can now move to the next

Competency. If not review the


self-check again.



IN%ORMATION SHEET &'+)*

Testing Computer System

Learning Objective:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to Test Computer

System

Three Major Components of Computer System:• Hardware

• Software

• Firmware

Test Your Hardware

Checking your computer hardware and its peripherals

1.Computer Monitor and its peripherals

Monitor and interface cables

Video card

Monitor power cable



2.Keyboard and Mouse• Keyboard connector

• Mouse Connector

3.I/O port and devices

• Connection between the I/O port and the peripheral device

• A faulty cable between the I/O port and the peripheral device

• A faulty peripheral device

• Incorrect settings in the System Setup program

• Incorrect settings in the system's configuration files

• Faulty I/O port logic on the system board

Monitor power

Keyboard connecter



4.Power supply

• Power cord

• Fuse

Testing Your Software

Check the different software installed in the computer.

1. Operating system

• Run live updates for your operating systems to get the latest

patches and protection for your OS.

• Run registry scanners to check the OS registry configuration

Power su l

Fuse

Power cord

Power lu



2. Application Software

• Check for live updates



3. Anti-virus software

• Run anti-virus program

• Check for virus signature updates

•Check for spyware updates

Test Your Firmware

Firmware- a combination of hardware and software integrated on a chip.

How do you test your firmware?

Example: Check for the correct configuration on your firmware, you can

accomplish this by configuring the BIOS in the computer



Sample Accomplishment Report Form

Task to be accomplished Status

Hardware component testing Workingproperly

Not workingproperly

Software testing Status

Working

properly

Not working

properly

Self Check 2.4-1Match the given peripheral devices to the following.

1.Computer Monitor

2.Keyboard and Mouse



3.Power supply

Answer Key

1.Computer Monitor ---E

2.Keyboard and Mouse- C & D

!L C

D

E



3.Power supply- A & B

TASK SHEET 2.4-1



T%tle & Testing a Computer Unit


Given the necessary tools, supplies and materials, test

the following computer peripherals and equipment with

the use of the tools provider. Document your testing with the use of an accomplishment form.

S,--l%e. 3Tool. & Multi-tester

Screw driver

Keyboard and mouse

Bond paper

Ruler and Pencil

E1,%-(e)t & Computer unit

Monitor

Power cables

Steps/ Procedures:

1.Prepare the necessary tools and materials.

2.Prepare observation checklist

3.Start the computer.

4.Test the different component of your PC.

5.Accomplish the observation checklist.

Assigned Task Condition

Hardware component testing Working

properly

Not working

properly

Computer monitor

Power supply

Keyboard

Mouse

A..e..(e)t Met2od&





CRITERIA

Did you…

Yes No

1. Followed sequence of steps in testing.


3. Used appropriate tools in testing.

4. Accomplished report are filled-up properly.



INFORMATION SHEET 2.4-2Enumerating unpredicted events

Learning Objective:


Enumerating unpredicted events and errors in personal computer.

Error Beep codes

When a PC is first switched on or reset it performs a special diagnostic testcalled a POST (Power-On Self Test), to check all of the components in the PC

the POST program sends out a signal to each device initializing each device's

built-in self test procedure.

The POST test is a two stage process:

1. First it will check all of the basic components including among other

things the system clock, the processor, RAM, the keyboard controller and

the Video2. After the video has been tested the BIOS

will then indicate any errors encountered by

displaying either a numeric code or a text

message on the screen.

When a device fails the first part of the POST,

the BIOS will send a series of beeps from the PC's speaker (internal) to

inform the PC user that there is a problem, these beeps are coded allowing

the user to diagnose the troublesome component. When the POST has been completed successfully the PC will make a short

beep to let the user know everything is as it should be.

Three major brands of BIOS chip

1.AWARD BIOS

2.Phoenix BIOS

3.AMI BIOS

Each type of BIOS chip has it own error code

AMI BIOS ERROR BEEP CODES



Indicator Error message Solutions

1 Beep

2 Beeps

3 Beeps

4Beeps

5Beeps

6 Beeps

7 Beeps

8 Beeps

9 Beeps

10 Beeps

11 Beeps

Memory refresh

failure

Memory parity error

Memory read/write

error

Motherboard timer

not functioning

Processor error

Gate A20/keyboard

controller failure

Processor exception

interrupt

Display memory

read/write failure

ROM checksum

error

CMOS shutdown

read/write error

Bad cache memory

Check memory

Check memory

Check memory

Replace

motherboard

Replace processor

Replace

motherboard

Replace processor

Replace video card

Replace BIOS

chip/Motherboard

Replace BIOS

chip/Motherboard

Replace cache

memory

Phoenix BIOS ERROR BEEP CODES

Phoenix BIOS beep codes are a series of beeps separated by a pause, for

example:

beep --- beep beep --- beep --- beep beep would be1-2-1-2


1-1-4-1

1-2-2-3

1-3-1-1

1-3-1-3

Cache error

BIOS ROM

Checksum

DRAM test rate

Keyboard controller

Check cache

memory

Check BIOS ROM

Check DRAM

Check keyboard



1-3-4-1

1-3-4-3

1-4-1-1

2-1-2-3

2-2-3-1

test

RAM failure

RAM failure data

bits of low memory bus

RAM failure data

bits of high memory

bus

ROM copyright

notice

Test for unexpected

interrupt

controller

Check memory

Check memory

Check memory

Check ROM

AWARD BIOS ERROR BEEP CODES


One long beep and

two short beeps

Two short beeps

Video error

Non-fatal error

Replace video card

Reset RAM, Check

other components.



TASK SHEET 2.4-2

T%tle & Error codesPer'or(a)ce Ob*ect%+e & Given the tools and equipment, identify the

different error code by removing the cards in

the computer unit

Tool.3S,--l%e. & Screw drivers

Anti-static wrist strap

E1,%-(e)t & Computer unit

Ste-.3 Proced,re&

1.Prepare necessary tools, materials and equipment.

2.Remove card and identify error code.

3.Record the result of your test

A..e..(e)t Met2od&

Demonst%ation wit' F(estioning 9 Pe%o%mance C%ite%ia c'ec0list




You will be assessed using the following criteria

Evaluation:

CRITERIA

Yes No

1. Observed of safety precautions.

2. Used Appropriate tools in testing.

3. Identified the error.



Self Check 2.4-2

Place your answers on a separate paper:

Answer the following questions

1.What does the acronym POST stand for?2.Three types of BIOS chip? Enumerate the three common brands of

Bios

Chip?

3.Identify the following error codes:

• 1-2-2-3

• 1-3-4-1

• 2-1-2-3

• 1-1-4-1

• 1-3-1-1



Answer key 2.4-2

1. POST- Power On Self Test

2. BIOS brands

a.AMI

b.AWARD

c.Phoenix

3. Identify the error code:• 1-2-2-3= BIOS ROM checksum

• 1-3-4-1=RAM Failure

• 2-1-2-3=ROM copyright notice

• 1-1-4-1=Cache error

• 1-3-1-1=DRAM fresh rate



<,#T<TUT<O,!" E!"U!T<O,

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TRAINEES NAME

FACILATATORS NAME

8UALIFICATION COMPUTER HARD9ARE SER7ICING NC IIU,<T O COPETE,C

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,etwo%0s

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X

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NOTE- .Criti!a# ase!ts o/ !ometen!y

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2.Identify faulty connection of Computer and Peripherals.

3.Upgrade your computer by installing a network card.4.Upgrade the previous operating system to XP or Higher.

5.Troubleshoot network connection.

D(%ation$ 2 'o(%s

!ccom*lis' t'e ollowing +eo%e t'e allotted time.



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acilitato%s #ignat(%e$ Date$