12 - past tense verb7 - quraanic arabic (wordpress)

7/29/2019 12 - Past Tense Verb7 - QURAANIC ARABIC (WORDPRESS)

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The Past Tense Verb

Structure

Pronouns added to it showing the subject

Pronouns added to it showing the object

Taa' of femininity

Conjugation


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Advanced Arabic Past Verb

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The past tense verb It denotes an action which was completed and finished in the past.

Structure:

1- composed of 3 letters:-Always starts with Fat-hah.-The letter in the middle can have 3 different marks:

Examples (with )Mark of themiddle letter Structure

- 1

- 2

- 32- composed of 4 letters:

Ex. - Shaddah means 2 letters

3- composed of 5 letters:Ex. --

4- composed of 6 letters:Ex. For more details about the forms of go to:

http://arabic.tripod.com/VerbForms1.htm

- The mark of the last letter of depends on the pronounattached to the verb as in the following table:


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*The last letter of the verb before the pronoun. In this case it is the

letter .

Separate Pronoun

Past verb

Mark of the last letter ofthe verb*

( )The attached pronoun

( )

( ) ( )( )


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About the past tense verb

1- There is no prefix attached to2- mostly comes with a pronoun suffixwhich is the

a- The pronoun suffix*it can be letter alone or with an extra for dual, for (m. p.) or for (f. p.)It comes with:

1-The singular of the 1st person (with on the last letter)

2-All cases of the 2nd person.

* Notice that the endings of the previous verbs are similar to the endings of the

separate pronoun of that group; you can read it as a rhyme.

b. The pronoun suffix ( ) (Naa of the doers) comes with the dualand plural of the 1st person, i.e.

*Remember them by the in both of them.


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c. The pronoun suffix ( ) (Alif of two) comes with the dual of the

3rd person

( )( )

d. The pronoun suffix ( ) (Waaw of the group): comes with

masculine plural of3rd person

(The Alifthat comes after is not pronounced)

e- The pronoun suffix ( ) (Noon of the women): comes with thefeminine plural of the 3rdperson

3- comes without a pronoun suffix only in two cases:

a. The 3rd person (m. s.)

b. The 3rd person (f. s.) ends with

What is ?- It is a with Sukoon, that comes at the end of the past tense verb*,

with the 3rd person (f. s.) and at the end of 3rd person (d. f.)

before the pronoun ( ) with a Fat-hah on it, to suit

the long vowel Alif following it.


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- It is a sign of femininity i.e. the subject of that verb is in (f. s.)

)(or a (p.) of non human (it is treated in Arabic as f. s.)

)( *Note that:In the language of the Arabs, any broken plural (even for human) can alsobe treated as feminine singular, but this can be seen more, in the Qur'aanthan the standard Arabic, used nowadays.

Ex.

or

or

both ways are correct

- It is not a pronoun: If it was a pronoun, you would not see, a noun)( , or a pronoun )( following it, to show the

subject of the verb.

- Why do we see sometimes with a ?comes with when it is followed by :

to avoid the meeting of the two : the 1st is and the 2nd is theletter

Ex. *Remember:

is a special used in words that starts with Sukoon.

It is pronounced like any if we start with it, and is omitted if we read a

word before.

* comes at the beginning of the present tense as well


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Conjugation of

is always What does mean?It means that the end the word never changes, whether because of the changeof its position in the sentence or if preceded by certain particles.

is : it does not change in the different positions or afterdifferent particles.

Ex. .... Notice that the end of the verb did not change.

But we see a different mark on when attached to different

pronouns: ?

These changes are due to the pronouns following them, and not related toconjugation.


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Pattern of conjugation of with

1-Without pronouns

:.

: . ) - (

:.

. (The doer is a hidden pronoun, it is estimated to be )

)-(

:.: Has no position in the conjugation

: .


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:. : ..

(The doer is a hidden pronoun, it is estimated to be )

2-With the pronoun

:. .In the position of

:. .

:. .

:.


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// :

. It will be enough for you to say this last phrase as follow: .

:

. /:.It will be enough for you to say this last phrase as follow:

.

:.

/: .

It will be enough for you to say this last phrase as follow:

.Note that:

Whenever is the subject of the verb, the letters following it are not

considered pronouns. They are only letters showing: plural, dual But when

we teach beginners we consider the and whatever follows it a pronoun, to

facilitate the conjugation.


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3-With the pronoun

:. .

:. : . .

4-With the pronoun

: . .

5- With the pronoun

:. .


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Adding the pronoun of the object to

The pronoun showing the and the one

showing can be both attached to the

verb as follow:

+ +

++=I ate it (m. s.)++=We hit them (m. p.)++ =You (m. s.) taught us

1- When the pronoun .. is attached to theverb, the letter should precede it.

We call it Noon of prevention(it prevents the verb of having Kasrah when

followed by long vowel )

+++=You (m. s.) taught me

+++=They (m. p.) spoke to me

2- When is attached to the verb,the letter should precede it.

We call it Waaw of satiation (The

of changed to when another

( )+

...

...

...

.........

... ...............

...


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pronoun is attached to it, then this was prolonged to be a )

+++=You (m. p.) spoke to him

+++=You (m. p.) spoke to them (f. p.)

Pattern of conjugation of

with and

--

:..

:.

-

:..

: .

- -

:. .

:.


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:

.

. )(: .

-

:. .

:.

:. .

:.)(: .

-: .

.. :

: .*The Past tense Verb in Passive form will be in a separate file


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Some verbs in the past and their meaningwipe show slay permit

succeed squeeze win eatthrive sneeze attach searchbleed do bind seek

descend work draw searchspread sink refuse beginadvise wash dance spit

blow open ride followdeliver think run cutrise understand crawl sit

forsake accept plant freeze find kill lift collect

reach read steal burn

arrive split fall calculateplace worry allow digput write hear rule

promise dislike drink swearstand earn explain dream

break feel praise

detect thank carrydress scream bakewear beat entersting request payplay appear pushtouch cross pay

describe saw chew

12 - past tense verb7 - quraanic arabic (wordpress)

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