114 glorious rawalpindi

Glorious Rawalpindi

The Rawalpindi Chamber of Commerce and Industry i

Table of Contents

1. HISTORY...................................................................................................................................... 1 2. GEOGRAPHY .............................................................................................................................. 3

2.1. Location ................................................................................................................................. 3 2.2. General Details ...................................................................................................................... 4 2.3. Climate .................................................................................................................................. 5

3. RELIGION .................................................................................................................................... 6 3.1. Islamic Religious Festivals ................................................................................................... 6 3.2. Christians ............................................................................................................................... 7 3.3. Sikhism .................................................................................................................................. 8 3.4. Hinduism ............................................................................................................................... 8

4. CULTURE .................................................................................................................................... 9 4.1. National Days Celebrations ................................................................................................... 9

4.1.1. Pakistan Day .................................................................................................................. 9 4.1.2. Independence Day ......................................................................................................... 9 4.1.3. Defense Day .................................................................................................................. 9

4.2. Dress .................................................................................................................................... 10 4.3. Food And Health ................................................................................................................. 10 4.4. Wedding Customs And Traditions ...................................................................................... 10

4.4.1. Mienu .......................................................................................................................... 10 4.4.2. MEHNDI .................................................................................................................... 11 4.4.3. BARRAT ..................................................................................................................... 12 4.4.4. VALIMA ..................................................................................................................... 12

4.5. Superstitious /Beliefs........................................................................................................... 13 5. ECONOMY ................................................................................................................................. 14

5.1. Back Ground Of Occupations ............................................................................................. 15 5.2. Initialization Of Trading Classes......................................................................................... 15 5.3. Industries And Manufacturers ............................................................................................. 16 5.4. Popular Industries ................................................................................................................ 17

5.4.1. Marble Industry In Rawalpindi/Islamabad Region ..................................................... 17 5.4.2. Furniture Industry in Rawalpindi ................................................................................ 19

5.5. Back Ground Of Gas Works ............................................................................................... 21 5.6. Oil Wells ............................................................................................................................. 21

6. TRADE & BUSINESS ............................................................................................................... 22 6.1. Initial Days Of Trade........................................................................................................... 22 6.2. Existing Pattern Of Industrial Development ....................................................................... 23

6.2.1. Description of Existing Industry ................................................................................. 23 6.3. Potentials Of Trade And Business ...................................................................................... 24

6.3.1. Agriculture .................................................................................................................. 25 6.3.2. Livestock ..................................................................................................................... 25 6.3.3. Forests ......................................................................................................................... 25 6.3.4. Minerals ....................................................................................................................... 25 6.3.5. Industry........................................................................................................................ 25 6.3.6. Consumer Goods Industries ........................................................................................ 26 6.3.7. Fish Farming ............................................................................................................... 26 6.3.8. Disciplined and trained work force ............................................................................. 26 6.3.9. Willing work force seeking employment .................................................................... 26

6.4. Potentials For Foreign Investment In Rawalpindi............................................................... 26

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The Rawalpindi Chamber of Commerce and Industry ii

6.4.1. Manufacturing/Industrial Sector ................................................................................. 27 6.4.2. Non-Manufacturing/Industrial Sector ......................................................................... 27 6.4.3. Service Sector:............................................................................................................. 28 6.4.4. Infrastructure Sector: ................................................................................................... 28 6.4.5. Social Sector ................................................................................................................ 28 6.4.6. Others .......................................................................................................................... 28

6.5. Leading Industries in different sectors: ............................................................................... 29 6.5.1. Bakery Products .......................................................................................................... 29 6.5.2. Beverage ...................................................................................................................... 29 6.5.3. Cement Products ......................................................................................................... 30 6.5.4. Ceramics Products ....................................................................................................... 30 6.5.5. Chip/Straw Board ........................................................................................................ 30 6.5.6. Diapers Plant ............................................................................................................... 30 6.5.7. Domestic Hardware ..................................................................................................... 30 6.5.8. Drugs & Pharmaceuticals ............................................................................................ 30 6.5.9. Flour Mills ................................................................................................................... 31 6.5.10. Food Products .............................................................................................................. 32 6.5.11. Industrial/Burn Gases .................................................................................................. 32 6.5.12. LPG Cylinders ............................................................................................................. 32 6.5.13. Plastic Products ........................................................................................................... 32 6.5.14. Poultry Feeds ............................................................................................................... 32 6.5.15. Refinery ....................................................................................................................... 33 6.5.16. Textile Composite ....................................................................................................... 33 6.5.17. Textile Spinning .......................................................................................................... 33 6.5.18. Tyre and Tubes ............................................................................................................ 33 6.5.19. Unani Medicines ......................................................................................................... 33 6.5.20. Woolen Textile Spinning/Weaving ............................................................................. 33

7. HEALTH SECTOR..................................................................................................................... 33 7.1. Rular Health Centres (RHC) ............................................................................................... 34 7.2. Basic Health Units (BHU) .................................................................................................. 34 7.3. Govt. Rural Dispensaries (GRD) ........................................................................................ 34 7.4. MCH Centres....................................................................................................................... 34 7.5. Government Hospitals ......................................................................................................... 34 7.6. Army Hospitals in Rawalpindi ............................................................................................ 35 7.7. Major Private Hospitals in Rawalpindi ............................................................................... 35 7.8. Unani Dispensaries/ Dawakhanas ....................................................................................... 36 7.9. Homeopathic Doctors/Clinics ............................................................................................. 36

8. EDUCATION.............................................................................................................................. 37 8.1. Universities.......................................................................................................................... 37

8.1.1. University of Arid Agriculture, Rawalpindi ............................................................... 37 8.1.2. Fatima Jinnah University for Women, Rawalpindi ..................................................... 37 8.1.3. The National University of Science and Technology (NUST) ................................... 38

8.2. Colleges ............................................................................................................................... 38 8.2.1. Govt. Post Graduate Colleges (Male and Female) ...................................................... 38 8.2.2. Govt. Intermediate Colleges (Male and Female) ........................................................ 38 8.2.3. Private registered Colleges (Male & Female) ............................................................. 39 8.2.4. MC. Middle Schools Rawalpindi. ............................................................................... 40 8.2.5. MC. Primary Schools Rawalpindi ............................................................................... 40 8.2.6. MC. High School Rawalpindi ..................................................................................... 41

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The Rawalpindi Chamber of Commerce and Industry iii

8.3. Technical Education and Vocational Training Authority Rawalpindi ................................ 41 8.4. Federal Government Schools & Colleges ........................................................................... 42 8.5. Private Schools and colleges ............................................................................................... 42 8.6. Government Schools & Colleges ........................................................................................ 42 8.7. Medical Colleges ................................................................................................................. 43

9. SPORTS & RECREATION ........................................................................................................ 44 9.1. Tourist Attractions in Rawalpindi ....................................................................................... 44

9.1.1. Ayub National Park ..................................................................................................... 44 9.1.2. Liaqat National Bagh .................................................................................................. 45 9.1.3. Rawalpindi Public Park ............................................................................................... 45 9.1.4. Jinnah Park, near Kachari Chowk, Civil Lines ........................................................... 46 9.1.5. Romi Park, Peshawar Road ......................................................................................... 46 9.1.6. Murree and the Galis ................................................................................................... 46 9.1.7. The Raja Bazaar .......................................................................................................... 48 9.1.8. Taxila Museum ............................................................................................................ 49 9.1.9. Hassan Abdal............................................................................................................... 49 9.1.10. Places Around Rawalpindi & Islamabad .................................................................... 50

9.2. Other Places Worth A Visit ................................................................................................. 51 9.2.1. The Salt Range ........................................................................................................ 51 9.2.2. Khewra Salt Mines ...................................................................................................... 51 9.2.3. Kallar Kahar ................................................................................................................ 51 9.2.4. Temple of Katas .......................................................................................................... 52 9.2.5. Forts ............................................................................................................................. 53

9.3. Sports venues and stadiums ................................................................................................ 54 9.3.1. Rawalpindi Golf Course .............................................................................................. 54 9.3.2. Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium ....................................................................................... 55 9.3.3. Rawalpindi Club, The Mall Saddar ............................................................................. 56 9.3.4. Army Hockey Stadium ................................................................................................ 56 9.3.5. SOME OTHER STADIUMS ...................................................................................... 56

9.4. Popular Sports In Rawalpindi ............................................................................................. 57 9.4.1. KABBADI ................................................................................................................... 57 9.4.2. Cricket ......................................................................................................................... 57 9.4.3. Field Hockey ............................................................................................................... 57

9.5. Wildlife potential in Rawalpindi district, Punjab. ............................................................... 58 9.6. Cinemas & Theatres ............................................................................................................ 58

10. SERVICES .............................................................................................................................. 60 10.1. SOCIAL AND EMERGENCY SERVICES ................................................................... 60

10.1.1. Rescue 15 - Emergency Reporting Centre .................................................................. 60 10.1.2. RESCUE 1122 ( Punjab Emergency Services) ........................................................... 60 10.1.3. POLICE STATIONS................................................................................................... 61 10.1.4. Edhi Foundation .......................................................................................................... 61 10.1.5. Darul Aman ................................................................................................................. 62 10.1.6. SOS Village .......................................................................................................... 62 10.1.7. Anjuman Faiz -UL -Islam(Apna Ghar) ....................................................................... 63

10.2. Utility Services ................................................................................................................ 63 10.2.1. Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited (SNGPL), .......................................................... 63 10.2.2. IESCO ......................................................................................................................... 64 10.2.3. PTCL ........................................................................................................................... 65 Company Profile ......................................................................................................................... 65

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The Rawalpindi Chamber of Commerce and Industry iv

10.2.4. WASA ......................................................................................................................... 66 10.2.5. POST OFFICE ............................................................................................................ 67 10.2.6. Railway Stations .......................................................................................................... 68 10.2.7. Airport ......................................................................................................................... 68 10.2.8. Highways ..................................................................................................................... 70 10.2.9. Public Transportation .................................................................................................. 71

11. MEGA DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS .................................................................................. 72 11.1. Islamabad International Airport Road ............................................................................. 72 11.2. RING ROAD ................................................................................................................... 73 11.3. Lai Expressway ............................................................................................................... 74

12. INSIDE RAWALPINDI ......................................................................................................... 75 12.1. Famous Historical Places ................................................................................................ 75

12.1.1. Lai Nullah .................................................................................................................... 75 12.1.2. The Mall ...................................................................................................................... 76 12.1.3. Lal Haveli .................................................................................................................... 76 12.1.4. Purana Qilla ................................................................................................................. 77

12.2. FAMOUS Hotels ............................................................................................................. 78 12.2.1. Pearl Continental Hotel ***** .................................................................................... 78 12.2.2. Shalimar Hotel ****.................................................................................................... 78 12.2.3. Akbar International *** ............................................................................................. 79 12.2.4. Flashman’s Hotel......................................................................................................... 79 12.2.5. Hotel Civic .................................................................................................................. 79

12.3. Famous Restaurants......................................................................................................... 80 12.3.1. Lasania Restaurant city ............................................................................................... 80 12.3.2. La Rosh Hotel.............................................................................................................. 80

12.4. FAMOUS FAST FOODS ............................................................................................... 81 12.4.1. KFC - International - (Rawalpindi) ............................................................................. 81 12.4.2. Sub Way - International .............................................................................................. 81

12.5. Roads In Rawalpindi City ............................................................................................... 82 12.6. Famous Markets/ Bazaars ............................................................................................... 84 12.7. Ancient Rawalpindi ......................................................................................................... 90 12.8. Libraries and Museums ................................................................................................... 93 12.9. Museums ......................................................................................................................... 95 12.10. Banking Institutions in Rawalpindi ................................................................................. 96 12.11. Famous Chowk ................................................................................................................ 98 12.12. Beautiful Mosque of Rawalpindi .................................................................................... 99 12.13. Great Mourning Days in the Rawalpindi’s History ...................................................... 100 12.14. Political Structure .......................................................................................................... 102

13. WATER RESERVOIR ......................................................................................................... 104 13.1. RAWAL LAKE............................................................................................................. 104 13.2. Misriot Dam .................................................................................................................. 105 13.3. Jawa Dam ...................................................................................................................... 105

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The Rawalpindi Chamber of Commerce and Industry v

PREFACE The Research and Development Department of the Rawalpindi Chamber of Commerce & Industry has produced a comprehensive book based upon the potentials of investments pertaining to Rawalpindi Division, i.e. the area of its concern. This study contains information on population, communication net works, infrastructure, health, education and the existing industries. The present study can be helpful in preparing feasibility reports for various industries and thus can be a useful guide in the pre investment exercises for any venture. Saiqa Jaffery Research & Development Officer

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The Rawalpindi Chamber of Commerce and Industry 1

1. HISTORY Rawalpindi, also known as Pindi, has a long history spread over several millennia. Archaeologists believe that a distinct culture flourished on this plateau as far back as 3000 years. The material remains found at the site prove the existence of a Buddhist establishment contemporary to Taxila and the Vedic civilization (Hindu culture). Rawalpindi City, the largest urban centre of Northern Punjab and the twin city of Federal Capital Islamabad is the fifth among the big cities of the country. The name ‘Rawalpindi’ means the abode of Rawals. The Rawals a jogi tribe, founded a village namely ‘Rawal’ at the site where we have the Rawal Dam today. When Jhanda Khan, a Ghakkar Chief , founded a new town nearby, at the site of an old town known as ‘Fatehpur Baori’ he named it ‘Rawalpindi’. Rawalpindi emerged as a fiscal district during Sikh rule. At the time of Alexander’s invasion, they now comprise Rawalpindi district was known by the name of Amanda which during Mughal period was known as Sindh-Sagar. In Tuzk-e-Jehangiri there is a mention of Rawalpindi with its brief history. However, until 1765, Rawalpindi had little importance when a Sikh Chief Malik Sing took its control after a bloody, battle with Gakhars. Sardar Malik Singh invited the traders and businessmen of neighboring areas i.e. Jhelum, Pind Daden Khan and Chakwal to settle in Rawalpindi. The offer was responded positively and the town of Rawalpindi started growing day by day. In 1849, the area of Rawalpindi came under the British rule and pace of development accelerated. During the struggle for freedom in 1857, the martial people of the area against the British domination. Although they did not succeed, but the British did realize that if they want to rule, they must conciliate the martial people of the area. In the process of consolidation a cantonment was established at Rawalpindi and the Divisional Headquarters shifted from Jhelum to Rawalpindi. The railway was brought to Rawalpindi in 1866. Municipal Committees was constituted in 1867.

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After the first Great War Rawalpindi saw distributed condition following the wake of Khalafat movement, the post Jalianwala Bagh massacres disturbances, the Afghan war and martial law. During the Khalafat movement Rawalpindi was the base of the hijrat movement. In the post Jalianwala Bagh disturbances, there was a good deal of agitation in the district. Telegraphic wires between Rawalpindi and Murree were cut. Many Government buildings were set on fire. It was at the Rawalpindi that on 8th of August 1910 a treaty of peace was signed between Afghanistan and India as a consequence of the end of the Afghan war. When Pakistan resolution was passed in 1940 the Muslims of the district supported it whole heartedly. When Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah visited Rawalpindi in 1944, he was welcomed rousingly. There was a communal disturbance in 1947, before Pakistan came into existence. In a simple ceremony at Rawalpindi, the Pakistan flag was unfurled by the Commander–in-Chief of Pakistan Army. In 1951, Rawalpindi saw the assassination of the first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan, Liaquat Ali Khan, in Liaquat Garden. Today Rawalpindi is the headquarters of the Pakistani Army. The city is home to many industries and factories. Islamabad International Airport is actually in Rawalpindi, and it serves the city along with the capital. It shares borders with the federal capital Islamabad. Nala Lai which is famous for its floods runs in the middle of the city and divides it into two parts i.e. Cantonment and city. It carries the sewerage and waste of the city. Two major rivers nearby Rawalpindi i.e. Indus and Jhelum but due to low precipitation, water is stored by building dams. On Jhelum River at Mangla a big reservoir has been constructed. In addition to this another reservoir Rawal Dam is located in the limits of the federal Government. The famous Murree Road has been a hot spot for various political and social events. Nala Lai, famous for its floods. History describes Nala Lai water as pure enough for drinking but now it has become polluted with the waste water from all sources including factories and houses.

In the wake of the government’s decision to shift Federal Capital from Karachi to the newly selected site adjacent to Rawalpindi city named as Islamabad. Rawalpindi city became the interim Capital of Pakistan in 1959. The city comprises Municipal Corporation and the cantonment. With the inception of Local Body System in 1885 during British rule, Rawalpindi Municipal Committee was established in 1886. The Municipal Committee introduced water supply system in 1926 whereas sewer system was laid in 1953.Municipal Committee as upgraded to Rawalpindi Municipal Corporation in 1975 which is providing a number of educational and Health facilities and other civic amenities to the public.

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2. GEOGRAPHY

Rawalpindi is a city in the Potohar Plateau near Pakistan's capital city of Islamabad, in the province of Punjab. Geographically it is located in the Potohar Plateau at 500 meters above the sea level. It is located in Punjab on a distance of 275 km north east of Lahore. It is the military headquarters of the Pakistan Armed Forces and also served as the nation's capital while Islamabad was being constructed in the 1960s.

2.1. Location

It lies between 33°.04’ 34°.01’ North latitudes and 72°.38’ and 73°.37’ East longitudes. Rawalpindi is one of the most important city of Rawalpindi Division. Rawalpindi Division comprises of Rawalpindi, Chakwal, Jhelum and Attock Districts which lay in close vicinity to each other. District Rawalpindi is bounded by the Jammu and Kashmir State across the river Jhelum on the East, by Abbotabad District of NWFP on the North, by Attock and Haripur Districts on the West and by Jhelum and Chakwal Districts on the South.

RAWALPINDI MILE STONE

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2.2. General Details Rawalpindi is located in the Punjab province, 275 km (171 miles) to the north-west of Lahore. It is the administrative seat of the Rawalpindi District. Rawalpindi is the fourth populous city in rank among cities of Pakistan.

The population of Rawalpindi is approximately 3,059,550 ( 2007) Coordinates 33°36′00″N 73°02′00″E / 33.6, 73.033333 Coordinates: 33°36′00″N 73°02′00″E / 33.6, 73.033333

Altitude; 500 meters AMSL Area; 5,286 km² Calling code; 051 Time zone; PST (UTC+5) No. of Towns; 8 Population; 2,300,000 (1998) Estimate; 3,059,550 (2007) Literacy rate; 70.5% (January 2006) Union Councils; 170

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2.3. Climate Rawalpindi is chaotic but relatively dust-free. The population is ethnically and linguistically heterogeneous, comprising Potoharis, Punjabis, Muhajirs, and Pakhtuns. The weather is highly unpredictable. The average annual rainfall is 36 inches. In summer, the maximum temperature can sometimes soar up to 52°C, while it may drop to a minimum of -5°C in the winter. Rawalpindi city has hot summer and moderate cold winter. The average rain fall is 1142 ml. The coldest month is Jan. when the mean max. temp is 17.7 C and Min 2.6 Degree Centigrade. From Feb to May the Temp rises at the rate of 5.06 Degree Centigrade per month .The highest temp reached in June when the temp may touch the 45 Degree Centigrade. The monsoons set in July in the rain showers cools the atmosphere. The temperature ranges between 5 to 45 degrees and this vast range of forty degrees is responsible for making the climate healthy and bracing.

SUN SET AT RAWAL LAKE

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3. RELIGION The majority of the people of Rawalpindi are Muslims. There are many mosques throughout the city. The most famous Mosques are Jamia Mosque, Raja Bazaar Mosque and Eid Gah Mosque which attract thousands of visitors daily.

3.1. Islamic Religious Festivals Eid ul Fitr and Eid ul Azha are the two major religious festivities celebrated throughout the country among its Muslim populace. Thankfulness is one of the four qualities of a Muslim, others being truthfulness, modesty and good behaviour. Eid ul Fitr is the day of rejoicing and thanksgiving to Allah for giving the strength to the believers to fast for 29-30 days during the holy month of Ramadan. The day is celebrated at the end of the Ramadan on the first of Shawal (the 10th month of Islamic calendar). In the evening of 29th Ramadan, all men and women alike flock on the rooftops to witness the new moon. No sooner it is sited, a euphoria sets in and everyone rushes to market places to make the last day shopping. Girls flock the stalls to get their hands beautiful decorated with "henna". On Eid day, women folk prepare delicious sweet dishes to celebrate the beginning of the day. Before going for the exclusive morning prayers, each head of the family is to give "fitrana" (alms) equal to 2 1/2 kilo of wheat in respect of each member of his family to the poor and needy so that they could also share the joy and happiness of the day. After the prayers children gather around the head of the family to receive "Eidi" - a sum of money as per the status and financial position of the head - a ritual in which everyone shares. A lot of fairs are organized for children while the elders call on to the relatives. More than men, women and children (specially girls) enjoy the festivities of the day by wearing colourful specially made-for-the-occasion clothes. Eid ul Azha is celebrated on 10th day of the Zil Hajj (the 12th Islamic month). This day is celebrated in the memory of the sacrifice made by the prophet Abraham (Abraham) wherein he offered the life of his son Prophet Ismail to fulfill the decree of the Allah. On this day, all people who can afford sacrifice a sheep or a goat in the name of Allah as was done by prophet Abraham. Here too the poor are not forgotten. The meat of the sacrificed goat/sheep/lamb is divided into three parts; one for distribution among the poor, second for the relatives and third for self and own family. In addition to the two Eids, the 12th of Rabi-al-Awwal (3rd month of Islamic calendar) is celebrated as the birthday of the prophet Muhammad (may peace be upon Him) with religious zeal and fervour. The roads, shops and other buildings are skillfully decorated with buntings and lights to express love and devotion to the Prophet Muhammad (may peace be upon Him). Special conferences are held to project the peacefulness of the religion of Islam and the way the prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) desired it to be followed. How sad it is that a faction of Muslim hardliners have given a new and ugly dimension to this peaceful religion by terrorizing the world. This certainly isn't the Islam Allah and His Prophet wanted. Islam continues to be a religion of peaceful co-existence despite what some radicals are trying to portray it otherwise.

The cultural activities are different in cities than in village life. Birth of the child is welcomed and Azan is recited in the ears of new born. The Aqiqa ceremony is held when the head of child is

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shaved and goat or sheep is slaughtered. The common games in villages are Chhun Chhuan, Chaunji Trap, Changan and tip-cat (Guli Danda). Young people prefer Kabaddi, wrestling, tent pegging and Bini. The elder folk usually pay a visit to the village choupal while they sit around Huqqa Gossip about the day’s occurrences. Music and dancing are also common. Bhangra, Summi, Luddi Jhummar and Giddi in the fairs and festivals are offered. Most of population in Rawalpindi is mainly Muslim. There are small non-Muslim religious groups in Rawalpindi. Following are the Non Muslim groups in Rawalpindi City.

3.2. Christians Christians are the biggest minority group in Rawalpindi, they are distributed throughout the Pakistan. Although Pakistani Christians have not restricted themselves to any one area of activity, they have traditionally made an outstanding contribution in health, education, railways and the police force. They are also playing a growing role in the civil service and defense services. There are two Churches in Saddar, Rawalpindi. These Churches remain very busy in days of Christmas and Easter.

St. Joseph's Hospice Anglican Church in Pindi

St.Paul Church, The Mall Rawalpindi

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christians

http://flickr.com/photos/camdiary/1164871580/

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3.3. Sikhism

Sikhism is a very small minority religion in the Rawalpindi but has many cultural, historical and political ties to the country, and to the historical region of Punjab. The most Historical place of Sikhs PANJA SB at Hassanabdal is just 47 Km far away from Rawalpindi. A large number of foreigners Sikhs from all-around of world visit their Holy Place.

OLD SIKH TEMPLE AT COLLEGE ROAD , RAWALPINDI

soojan singh’s haveli Rawalpindi

3.4. Hinduism After the Partition of India, Hindus had a much smaller numerical presence in the newly created state of Pakistan, but has nonetheless played a major role in its culture and politics as well as the history of its regions. There is small number of hindus resident of Rawalpindi also.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Pakistan

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_%28Pakistan%29

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_of_India

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics

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4. CULTURE

4.1. National Days Celebrations Living nations always remember those days which played remarkable role for the survival of their country. This is always being the sign and passion of the patriotic nations. Pakistani nation has also celebrated its national days with great proud and determination. Similarly the people of the Rawalpindi also celebrate these memorable days with great passion and remember those days which gave them new name and identity.

4.1.1. Pakistan Day

March has been the month of resolutions and change for the Pakistanis. This is the month of revolutions of all colors, red or velvet. On 23rd March, 1940, All India Muslim League held its annual session at Minto Park, Lahore and passed the historical Pakistan resolution that the Muslims of subcontinent wanted to create an independent homeland, where they could live in accordance with their religious and cultural values.

4.1.2. Independence Day

Pakistan's independence day (also known as Yom-e-Istiqlal is observed on 14 August, the day on which Pakistan became independent from British rule within then what was known as the British Raj in 1947. The day is a national holiday in Pakistan. The day is celebrated all over the country with flag raising ceremonies, tributes to the national heroes and fireworks taking place in the capital, Islamabad.

4.1.3. Defense Day

The 6th of September is a golden chapter in the history of Pakistan, when Pakistan, its military and people stood united in 1965 in defense of Pakistan. Later in 1971, taking advantage of the civil war in East Pakistan, attacked and dismembered Pakistan in a humiliating defeat.

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4.2. Dress Male usually wear Shalwar, Kameez (Shirt) and Chaddar (Cloth sheet). The Chaddar is a multipurpose dress. The color of the men’s dress is generally white, Khaki or grey, in the hilly region a long coat is worn in winter while in the plains generally carry a blanket. Female wear colored Shalwar and Long shirt and a dopatta/chaddar (head cover). The usual ornaments like ear rings, bangles, necklaces are worn by the women on festive occasions or marriages.

4.3. Food And Health Wheat and Maize are the staple food grains while Bajara is also used to a lesser extent. Meat and vegetables are also eaten by well to do families. Tea is popular all over the district. Bread is generally backed in Tandoor. Due to good weather condition in the district, health of population is generally better. Most of the people lives in villages and breathe in fresh air and they have better health than urban people.

4.4. Wedding Customs And Traditions Marriage is generally started by a betrothals ceremony in which women folk along with some male members of the bride groom’s family go to the house of girl’s parents with suitable gifts in the form of clothes, sweet and ornaments etc. the bride’s parents feast the party. Marriage ceremony is observed in some fashion all over the district. Relatives and friends and members of Bradari (tribe) are invited in the marriages. Relatives and family friends offer gifts to the parents of bride and bride groom.

4.4.1. Mienu

Mienu is the very first ceremony of Pakistani Wedding after the engagement. From this day on Bride is proscribed from groom's eyes till the day of marriage. Both sides celebrate this occasion at their own expense separately. Yellow color symbolizes the day of ubton, the other name of mienu. To mold into the colors of ubton, family and invited guests wear yellow garments. Starting of this day is with the recitation of Quran. After the religious formalities, family and friends bring the bride/groom for the ceremony. The friends and family sits in circle with their percussion equipments (Dholak and Duff) and sings through out the evening. For ludi (Typical Pothor Dance) invited Dholchi with Shenai.

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4.4.2. MEHNDI

This ceremony takes place on the night before the wedding day. This is the event where you put Henna(Mehndi) on the bride and groom's hands. This event is very colorful and full of traditional songs and dances. Sometimes it is spread over 2 days - one day over at the groom's place to put Henna on groom's hand and the second day over at the bride's house to put Henna on her hand.

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4.4.3. BARRAT

This is the day that opens a new chapter in the life of two people. On this day the reception is arranged by the Bride's parents. On this day the Nikah or the official signing of paperwork in the presence of a Imam (Islamic Priest) takes place. The bride doesn't come out until after the Nikah. The Bride wears a specially made and heavily embroided outfit for this special occasion along with loads of jewellery. All the guests, especially women, are also dressed in bright colored dresses and jewellery. Baghi is very popular on wedding occasions now once again as in the past. Bughi was used by the Mughals in their rule as there was no other source of transportation instead of horses. Four or two horses pull the cart of Baghi and Dulha and Dulhan sits in it and goes towards their destination.

4.4.4. VALIMA

The Valima reception takes place on the day after the Wedding. This reception is given by the Groom's side of the family.

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4.5. Superstitious /Beliefs Most of the people in the district are Muslims. Influence of Peerisam is quite strong. Rawalpindi Shrines of the Pir of Golara Sharif, Dewal Sharif and Mohra Sharif are visited by large number of devotees at the annual Urs of these saints. The people generally have a conservative out look on life and are particular in the observance of religious ceremonies. Majority of the people especially in the rural areas offer prayers regularly and observe fast during Ramzan. Besides, there are many shrines of respected saints in different parts of the Rawalpindi district where people come to pay homage from all over the country. The most famous of these shrines are those of Pir Mohammad Qasim in Mohra Sharif and Mian Fazal Rabbani of Kalyam Awan and Malik Siraj of Pothar, Darbar Shah DI Taliayan, Darbar Shah Chan Chirag , a large number of people also go at Eid Gah Sharief for their prayers.

DAR BAR SHAH CHAN CHIRAGH

This is the burial place of the patron saint of Rawalpindi. Shah Chan Chiragh was the elder brother of Bari Imam of Islamabad.

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5. ECONOMY

Rawalpindi is one of the important cities of Pakistan. After the weakening of Mughal dynasty in India, Sikhs grabbed the power and they settled the area in 1765 and invited the nearby traders to Rawalpindi. This proved to be a significant milestone in the history of the city and the city gradually became a trade hub due to its location between the Punjab and Kashmir. During the Raj days it became biggest cantonment in Sub-continent. It is a railroad junction and an important industrial and commercial center. The main industry of the city includes an oil refinery, industrial gas processing, steel re-rolling, iron mills, railroad yards, a brewery, sawmills, and factories making tents, textiles, hosiery, pottery, and leather goods. Rawalpindi industrial base is diverse and also includes flour mills, beverages and fruit preservation, cigarettes, pharmaceutical, furniture, glass products, marble processing, sewing machines etc. Due to the location of the Army headquarters various organizations specializing in military hardware are based here. Many people from the federal capital especially from the low income classes came to Rawalpindi for shopping as it offers greater opportunities in terms of saving as compared to the Islamabad. Majority of the Rawalpindi population is associated with the agriculture; the city produces two types of crops Rabi and Kharif and Wheat, bajra, maize, potato, and vegetables are the major products of the city. Rawalpindi also produces a variety of fruits including groundnuts, pears, apples, citrus, apricots, walnuts are grown in Rawalpindi.

According to the general survey of industry conducted by Directorate of Industries and

Mineral Development Punjab. There are at present 939 industrial units operating in the district. This district is not famous for industrial goods like other districts. The progress has been mostly in the private sector. The existing industrial units provide employment to about 35,000 persons i.e. about 1.6% of district population is directly employed in large, medium and small industrial units.

Apparently there is no shortage of skilled manpower. The Technical/Vocational Training Institute operating in the district turn out about 1974. Technicians/Artisans annually trained in various fields of engineering. Air conditiong, Drafting, Metallurgy, Welding, Auto knitting and commerce etc. Kohinoor Textile Mills: Kohinoor Mills is the largest unit in the district, which is located near Naseer Abad and is equipped with 50,000b spindles and 1,021 power looms. Wattan Woolen Mills: Next is Wattan Woolen and Hosiery Mills fitted 10,000 spindles. Rahat Woolen Mills established in 1954 is one of the oldest and most prominent mill in Rawalpindi

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5.1. Back Ground Of Occupations The rural population is essentially agricultural or dependent upon the results of agriculture; and a return which shows the rural population as a little less than three-sevenths nonagricultural, and a little more than four-sevenths agricultural, is misleading. A great many persons eke oat their incomes which they derive from land usually in kind daily labour of various kinds. The Zamindars in the villages near Murree will in a few days earn enough as coolies on the road to pay their land revenue for the year, the rates of daily labour in that tehsil being always artificially kept far above the natural wages of labour, very much no doubt to the advantage of the neighboring villages. Whenever remunerative labour is to be obtained not far from their own Homes, those of the families of zamindars in all parts of the district whose assistance is not required in cultivating the family lands, will go to far from their homes for such work, but will flock to it if it be available within moderate distance. There are very few tribes which do not till their own lands nowadays; in fact there are no tribes which can be so described. The chief families of Gakkhar, Janjuas, Johdras and Ghebas do not do so, and Sayads never cultivate themselves if they can avoid it, but the humbler members of all tribes till their own fields. Sayad women never work in the fields and Gakkhars or Janjua women rarely. The women of other tribes help in most agricultural operations, except ploughing. Like the men of the tribe, the Malliar women are the most industrious and do most field-work. The ordinary non-agricultural inhabitants of the village of the district are: Joluha (weaver) Teli (oil-man) Kashmiri (usually spinners) Mochis (leather workers) Lohar (blacksmith) Tarkhan (carpenter) Mirasi (musician) Musalli (sweeper) Sunar (goldsmith) With Khatris, Brahmans, Kohlis and a few others. These only form a small percentage of the total population, and are most of them or less dependent on the outrun from agricultural operations.

5.2. Initialization Of Trading Classes The trading classes who are almost entirely confined to the city of Rawalpindi and the, so-called, by courtesy, towns of the district, do not require detailed notice. The Parachas of Malah-Tola and Makhad are very enterprising traders, going to Kabul and Bukhara for their commodities, chiefly silk goods, gold threads, gold seals and such like, and taking them again even as far as to Bombay and Calcutta. They also deal largely in hides.

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5.3. Industries And Manufacturers A large number of lacquered legs for bed-steads (charpais) are made by the tarkhans of Akhias and Kamlial in tehsil Pidigheb, Kuri-Dolal, tehsil Rawapindi, and Salgraon, tehsil Kahutta. These fetch from annas 12 to Rs. 10 for the set of 4; and are made of Shisham, phulaa, or khair wood, Pihras, or low chairs, and spinning-wheels are also made by the same class in considerable quantities. The chairs cost from Re. 1 to Rs. 8; the spinning wheels, from Re: 1 to Rs. 6. other wooden articles are also constructed for sale in many of the villages, especially in tehsil Kahuta, where wood is plentiful. The lohars of Manianda, tehsil Pindigheb, make padlocks of iron, and stirrups are made at this village and in several places in Fatehjang and at Hassan Abdal. Iron vessels of large size (karah) are made at Makhad, costing from Re. 1 to Rs. 40, according to size. Baking-plates are also made here. Reed matting, known as phur, is made in some villages in Attock tehsil, embroidered shoes, chappris, and sandals (kheri) are made at Kot, Chauntra, Pindigheb, and Hazro. Country cloth of various kinds is made throughout the district; blankets are manufactured in considerable quantities in tehsil Kahuta, and in parts of Pindigheb and Fatehjang engage in the manufacture of these articles, which are sold in Rawalpindi, Peshawar and elsewhere in considerable numbers. Saddles are made in Rawalpindi and also in Bisandot (tehsil Kahuta), Pindigheb and Fatehjang, costing from Rs.5 to Rs. 20. Silk-work of various kinds is done by the women of the Attock tehsil especially. Phulkaris are made in many places, those of Hazro and Rawalpindi being the best. The stone of the Kashmiri hill, known as abri, is worked into cups and other shapes in Pind Trer and Kawa, neighboring villages. Snuff is manufactured in Hazro to considerable extent, and in smaller quantities in Makhad Soap of a common country kind is made at Rawalpindi, Fatehjang, and at Makhad. Leather manufacturers have diminished; saddles are the principal articles made.

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There is now no considerable manufacture of Kuzas, or earthen-jars, at Fatehjang, as there is said to have once been. Oil is manufactured in many of the villages of the district; especially of it is exported across the Indus.

Mr. Lockwood Kipling, Principal of the Lahore school of Art, has kindly furnished the following note on some of the industries of the district: “There seems to be no special manufacture of any kind in this district. Boats are built for use on the Indus at Attock and Pindigheb, Richly carved Chaukats for doors and windows are occasionally made as in other parts of Punjab. From a village near Hassan Abdal some good cotton cloth prints (arbas), rough in execution but fairly good in color, have been procured. But while the district cannot be said to do a regular export trade in any special branch, it must be imagined there is a total absence of industries. Here, as else where, the cotton weaver’s complaint that their trde suffers from European competitions and it is said they are turning to wool weaving.” Boats are occasionally built at Attock and Makhad; both lie on the Indus bank. The Phulkaris of the Hazro and Rawalpindi towns deserved notice in the production of the district. It is very doubtful if the weavers have as yet to any extent given up their old trade in favor of wool weaving.

5.4. Popular Industries

5.4.1. Marble Industry In Rawalpindi/Islamabad Region

History Marble Industry has an imperative presence in the Rawalpindi/Islamabad Region. First investment came in 1960s when two industries one in I-9 Islamabad and one in Rawalpindi Cantt started their operations as full processors. The stone was sourced from NWFP in aaloo shape (blasted) and was converted into slabs and tiles, which were then forwarded to various cities all over the country. The market expanded and entrepreneurs form Islamabad/Rawalpindi invested heavily in this industry. The local consumption was a big factor for this heavy investment in those days as a new city was been constructed. Islamabad being the capital city was also giving good margins to industry and therefore growth in the investment as well as number of units increased in manifolds. The cluster became the largest market for processed building stone in the country and to keep itself strengthened and market leader, cluster members initiated and implemented the idea of organizing and promoting this industry. The cluster took a monumental step in 1979 and an Association for all marble industry of Pakistan was being formed. Initially it comprised of members only from this cluster and was not registered under the ordinance. After strengthening linkages it was then incorporated as a company with limited liability under Companies Ordinance (XLVII of 1984) in October 1987.

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The association comprising of 8 founding members (all from Islamabad/Rawalpindi region) started its operations as a registered association in Islamabad and expanded its outreach with incorporating 4 zonal offices situating in Peshawar, Rawalpindi, Karachi and Lahore.

Present Situation Of Cluster: There are about 180-220 enterprises related to Marble industry in this region. The geographical spread of the units can be sketched as 40% each are operating in the areas of I-9 Markaz, I-9/1 and I-9/3; and Rawalpindi Cantt while 20% are spread over Tarnol, Sangjani, and other areas of Rawalpindi city. Major processes include loading/unloading, handling & storing, cutting & sizing, and finishing/polishing of marble blocks into slabs, tiles, phool, patti and other handicrafts. The cluster is not manufacturing value-added products other than fireplaces, flower vases and fountains, which are also in small quantities. There are many types of finishing that includes polishing, sand blasting, bush hammering, acid finishing, brush finishing, honed finishing etc. but are only used by 1-2 exporters. There is only one genuine handicraft manufacturer and exporter in the whole region. More than 2000 labor is associated with this industry working as supervisor, ustaad and unskilled workers. Most of the labor has education level below primary. As far as segregation by size and operation is concerned, all gang saw operators (large units) and (H.V) horizontal and vertical cutters (medium units) are procuring raw stone.

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5.4.2. Furniture Industry in Rawalpindi

Total Production of Furniture in the region: The estimated annual wood consumption is around 150,000-300,000 cubic ft. The average cost of this wood is around Rs. 160 million calculating on the basis of 400 rupees per cubic foot on an average type of wood. Besides this around 100 million of manmade material is also used. Hardly, any source available to gather the anticipated growth rate. Estimated growth figure is around 10%. Capacity Utilization Capacity utilization of the existing unit is not sufficient even to meet the demand of the domestic market. It is below 50%. None of the unit has the capability to produce goods at mass level. Even the medium sized units take minimum 3-4 months for an order. Sufficient gap exists and it is increasing day by day with the increase in the population of the country.

Main Cluster Areas As it is mentioned above furniture industry consider as the one of the major industry in Rawalpindi. In Rawalpindi different areas are the hub of the furniture there names are mentioned below. 1. Shamsabad 2. Faizabad 3. Kurry Road (Sadiq Abad) 4. Kurry Road (Sultan Da Khoo) 5. Khana Road 6. Chakala Road 7. Hazara Colony 8. Mohan purrah 9. Anayat Bazar 10. Saddar

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Furniture Business Opportunities in Rawalpindi Rawalpindi has many business and educational establishments, as well as residential areas. The Furniture retailers have great business opportunities here, since all kinds of furniture, from office to lounge furniture, are in huge demand in the City. Furnishers in Rawalpindi equip homes, schools, hotels and restaurants. The establishments in the city need showcases, lockers, shelves, etc. that are manufactured by many big and small furniture-manufacturing units. The furniture businesses in Rawalpindi employ more than 25,000 people. Therefore, it is a good idea to look into the business opportunities offered by the furniture manufacturing business in Rawalpindi. Starting a Furniture Business in Rawalpindi: While Rawalpindi offers many opportunities to start a furniture business, you also need to be creative and stock the kind of furniture that appeals to the eye and is comfortable as well. Your marketing strategies must be good, and you should take care to build good customer relations. Here are some things to consider when starting a Furniture Business in Rawalpindi. • Creativity: The Furniture Business needs good, original ideas to survive the fiercely competitive market. You can consult books and attend workshops to get an idea of what the customer wants. • Material: Choose what kind of material goes into the furniture you retail. You can sell wood or metal furniture. Polish affects the quality of the material, so that must be kept in mind. • Design: The design of the furniture you retail depends on where the furniture will be used. Do you want to sell office or home furniture? • Price: Decide on the price for selling your furniture. You can retail furniture for general or high-end markets. • Website: Have a website where you can put up an online catalogue of the furniture you retail. Be sure to include photographs. • Variety: Have a large variety of furniture in your showroom. You can sell anything from chairs to sofas, side tables and stools. Even couches, sofas, lampshades, lamps stands, consoles are in demand. Once your furniture business gets off, you need to provide good customer relation services to attract clientele. By stocking the best quality goods, and selling innovative products, you can make your furniture business a huge success in Rawalpindi. A Report by Ms. Afsheen Siab Kayani Asst. Secretary R&D-RCCI

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5.5. Back Ground Of Gas Works The Rawalpindi Gas-works were erected by Government in 1868. The gas is used for lighting all the European barracks, the churches, etc. It is made from mustard oil, petroleum and wood. The Petroleum is procured from two locatives, Fatehjang, 30 miles from Rawalpindi, and Kalabagh on the Indus, in the Bannu district. The total outrun of petroleum from Fatehjang was about 1,200 gallons last year. There are now no borings at Kalabagh. The oil is collected as it, trickles with water from fissures of rocks in a deep ravine. The total oil collected is about 1,600 gallons per annum. The petroleum costs, delivered at Rawalpindi:- Fatehjang oil…. Rs.16 per hundred gallons. Kalabagh oil….. 28 ditto. The oil is used in its raw state, and is not distilled nor purified in any way. Its color is dark green by reflected light and a bright golden yellow by, transmitted light. One gallon yields 260 cubic feet of gas, sufficient to light one jet for 90 hours.

5.6. Oil Wells Borings for petroleum were first made in 1870, when a well was sunk at Sadkal at the foot of the southern slope of the Kala Chitta hills, three miles from Fatehjang. The area taken up for the works is 4 acres 2 roods 4poles. Five borings have been made, 4 inches in diameter each; No. 1 is 100n feet deep; No. 2, 50 feet; No. 3, 80 feet; No. 4, 60 feet; No. 5, 100 feet. The borings are 35 feet from each other, and the oil is drawn out in small dipping tubes with ropes and brings up about 2 pins of mixed oil and water. This is thrown into a cistern, from bottom of which the heavier water is drawn off, leaving the oil above. For the first eight years the average outturn of oil was about 30 maunds per diem, but since 1878 the quantity of oil obtained from the wells has gradually decreased, and the outturn from the wells is now about 1,000 gallons per year. The petroleum now costs Rs. 20 per one hundred gallons delivered at the Rawalpindi gas-works. This includes the cost of maintaining the borings in working order. In the rains the oil which comes up in the borings is very much mixed with water. In 1887-89, an attempt to increase the output of oil was made by deepening boring No. 3 and by making another boring 800 feet deep, but the operations did not lead to any appreciable difference in the quantity of oil obtained annually.

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6. TRADE & BUSINESS

6.1. Initial Days Of Trade

The trade of the district used to centre in Rawalpindi, Hazro and Makhad, but Gujar Khan now absorbs a very large part of it. The ordinary manufacturers of the district, described above, are exported to some small extent; and a good deal of snuff is sent away from Hazro raid the Lawrence pur station on the North-Western Railway; but the great exports of the district are food grains and oilseeds, and in years of good harvests and favorable prices, the exports of wheat from Gujar Khan are very considerable. Women’s pajamas made at Hazro and elsewhere, are exported in considerable quantities to Peshawar and across the frontier. Wool blankets and hides are also exported to some extent.

In old days the imports are piece-goods from Calcutta and Amritsar, rice from neighboring districts, Sialkot, Wazirabad, Peshawar, Kashmir and Sawat; rice being little grown, and that of inferior quality in this district. Ghee is brought in from Punch, Kashmir and Hazara and other districts of the Punjab. Salt comes from Jhelum and Kalabagh; refined Sugar from Bombay, Shahjahanpur, Hoshiarpur and Jallundur; gur from Sialkot, Peshawar, Jallundur and Meerut; fruit and vegetables from Lahore and Gujranwala; fruits from Kashmir, ra and the sea-ports; country cloths froth Amritsar and Ludhiana; raw cotton and indigo from Multan; hardware from Amritsar, Delhi and Gujranwala; Silk from Amritsar, Jallundur, and Peshawar; leather from Kashmir, Peshawar, and Gujrat; thick cloths, pattus, & c., from Kashmir; timber, chiefly deodar, from Kashmir. Fire-wood is also brought in from Khairabad. The Kashmir trade is registered at Murree and at Lachman ferry on the Jhelum river. The trade of the Rawalpindi district with Kashmir, however, does not as a rule go beyond Srinagar, Yarkand and Ladakh. Traders seem to prefer the Kulu toute, which is probably shorter than the route through the Kashmir valley. Ghee, timber, charas, dyes, fruits, drugs and medicines and rice deserve mention among the imports; and cotton piece-goods and Lahori salt, metals, and unrefined sugar are noticeable among the exports, in 1886 also a considerable quantity of wheat, chiefly, it is believed, for seed, was exported to Kashmir. Trade with all districts on the line of railway is carried on by that means. With Kashmir the trade used to be carried on by mules donkeys and bullocks, but during the past years enormous strings of camels were employed to carry salt and wheat into the valley. There is also a certain amount of trade carried on by the boats on the Indus River; this is chiefly a trade in food grains. Trade across the frontier is carried on by beasts of burden; with Kabul mostly by means of camels. Except on the district is nowhere carried on by means of wheeled traffic.

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6.2. Existing Pattern Of Industrial Development

6.2.1. Description of Existing Industry

There are cottage/small/medium/large scale industrial units operating in the Division with Public sector and private sector. Some Defense oriented industries are also operating in the Division. Major Industrial units comprise of Ordinance Factory, Heavy Mechanical Complex, Heavy Foundry and Forge, Heavy Rebuild Factory, Petroleum Refinery, cotton and woolen Textiles, distillery, cigarettes, flour mills, pharmaceuticals, industrial gases, glass products, poultry feed, mineral processing, cement, steel re-rolling, iron mills, railroad yards, a brewery, sawmills, and factories making tents, textiles, hosiery, pottery, and leather goods. Rawalpindi industrial base is diverse and also includes flour mills, beverages and fruit preservation, cigarettes, furniture, glass products, marble processing, sewing machines etc. Sr. No. Industry 1. Arms and Ammunition 2. Brewery/Distillery 3. Cotton Textile (Spinning & Weaving) 4. Cement 5. Chipboard 6. Cigarettes 7. Casting and Forging 8. Cement Products 9. Chemicals 10. Fruit and Vegetable Processing

i) Fruit Juices ii) Squashes

iii) Food Products 11. Fruit & Food Preservation 12. Fire Bricks 13. Flour Milling 14. Glass Products 15. Glass Sheets 16. Gas Appliances 17. Gypsum 18. Heavy Industrial Machinery & Parts 19. Hosiery Goods 20. Industrial Gases i) Oxygen Gas ii) Dissolved Acetylene 21. Insecticides/Pesticides 22. Light Engineering 23. Lime Klin 24. Liquified Petroleum Gases

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25. Mineral Processes 26. Marble Tiles and Slabs 27. Pharmaceutical

i) Tablets ii) Liquid /Syrups iii) Capsules iv) Misc. Pharmaceuticals

28. Poultry Feed 29. Paint and Varnish 30. Pumps all sorts 31. P.V.C. Footwear 32. Petroleum Oil Refinery 33. Plastic Shoes 34. Rexene Cloth and Products 35. R.C.C. Pipes and Jellies 36. Specialized Textiles 37. Steel Re-Rolling 38. Stone Crushing 39. Sewing Machines 40. Soda Ash 41. Synthetic Resins (FORMALDEHYDE) 42. Sanitary Wares-Ceramics 43. Tyre Retreading 44. Textile Machinery and Parts

i) Spindles ii) Rings

45. Tannery 46. Vegetable Ghee/Cooking Oil 47. Woolen Textile (Spinning & Weaving)

6.3. Potentials Of Trade And Business Keeping in view of the availability of raw materials, skilled labour, linkage between the industrial units, local/national/international demand, future industrial potential of district Rawalpindi is as under: It would, however, be kept in mind that though the above mentioned factors facilitate the success of any industrial unit, yet the entire success depends upon investors/entrepreneurs and the capabilities of the personnel having the managerial control because any of these factors, if lacking is manageable. Therefore, it is advisable that detailed feasibility of industrial projects must be carried out before making final decision for investment.

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6.3.1. Agriculture

Agriculture sector is the lifeline of Pakistan's economy. It contributes 24% to the GDP, employs 48.4 percent of the labor force and contributes to 70% of the foreign exchange earnings through export of raw materials; semi processed and processed agricultural products. Rawalpindi Division is relatively poor in agriculture production, its major crops and fruit are wheat, maize, jawar, ground nut, guava and apple.

6.3.2. Livestock

Livestock plays a vital role in the country economy. It accounts for 38.4% of the agricultural value added and 9.3% of national GDP. Its net foreign exchange earnings were to the tune of Rs: 51.5 billion for the year 2001-02, which accounted 11.4% of the overall export earnings of the country. Its role in the rural economy may well be realized from the fact that 5-7 million rural families are involved in raising livestock. These rural household have 2-3 cattle/buffalo and 4-6 sheep/goat and 6-8 birds per family deriving 25-30% of their income from it. Livestock sector had achieved 4 -5 % growth during the last decade. As Division of Rawalpindi is poor in agriculture production, the dairy farms and cattle/sheep/goat fattening farms can be good income generating sources for the farmers. In addition, there also exist good prospects for tannery, footwear, leather Products, leather garments, poultry/cattle feed, meat/poultry processing units, egg yolk powder and poultry farm equipment, etc.

6.3.3. Forests

The Rawalpindi region is quite rich in forest resources. In this area there is good scope for furniture, veneer board, flush doors/windows and even wood-pulp for paper industry.

6.3.4. Minerals

Fire clay, gypsum, Silica sand, Soda ash, rock salt, dolomite bentonite, limestone are the major mineral available in this area and as such it offers excellent opportunities to setup industries based on these raw materials.

6.3.5. Industry

In the division of Rawalpindi, there are some important industries such as Heavy Mechanical Complex, Oil refinery, cigarettes, Pharmaceuticals, glass, cement, cotton, woolen, textile and various engineering goods manufacturing industries. In view of existing industrial base there are

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good potentials of setting up down-stream industries and vendering units for Heavy Mechanical Complex, Heavy Foundry and Forge, Attock Refinery, POF etc. Besides, there also exists scope of petro-chemical products, glass hollow-ware, glass ample, pharmaceutical, household appliances, PVC pipes, Steel, sanitary fitting, electrical accessories, electric cables, wires etc.

6.3.6. Consumer Goods Industries

In view of requirements of twin cities of Rawalpindi/Islamabad, there exists good prospects for biscuits, confectionery, cosmetics, ready made garments for men and women, fashion apparel, machine made carpets, woolen knitwear, steel furniture, rubberized/mechanical toys, children wear, sports wear etc.

6.3.7. Fish Farming

Region’s major natural resource is its fair rain fall and perennial springs and rivulets, besides extensive land erosion and rain harvesting program can create hundreds of water reservoirs and ponds, suitable for wide spread fish farming. This can be proven very profitable source for farmers creating additional rural employment opportunities.

6.3.8. Disciplined and trained work force

There is a strong availability of large no’s of local ex-service men disciplined and trained workforce for industrial and development projects.

6.3.9. Willing work force seeking employment

Large jobless population of extremely hardworking force both male and female seeking employment. There is a great potential in these people and these are willing to work but lack of technical training, which is as a result of unavailability of technical institutions leaves them jobless.

6.4. Potentials For Foreign Investment In Rawalpindi The Rawalpindi Region, which was in the past neglected for major investments in the industrial sector, has now emerged as a potential investment area. With the cheap land and labor coupled with availability of numerous raw materials and attractive incentives, this region has now gained the status of a zone for all sort of industrial investment. This region is quite rich in all types of infrastructural facilities. It is situated on the main highway and railroad connecting the rest of the country with excellent network.

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Climatically, it is a best suited area for industrial investment. The inhabitants, who had migrated to other industrial areas of the country as well as abroad for jobs, are returning back bringing with them wealth of technical skills and managerial know how. Therefore, the investors would not find any dearth in the skilled work force. This region is quite rich in huge deposits of multifarious types of minerals. Most of these deposits are unexploited, under-exploited or not so for used as raw material in industries. These mineral deposits have large potentials not only for the industrial activities but also for exports to foreign markets. Since the Government of Pakistan gives great importance to the foreign investment, this region offers high potentials to foreign investors. Local partners are easily available who are always looking for foreign collaborators with capital and technology. Taking the advantages of the potentials for industrialization in this area, the Rawalpindi Chamber of Commerce and Industry have also established an Industrial Estate in Rawalpindi in which thousands of industrial plots have been developed with all the modern infrastructures. This industrial Estate has already attracted quite a number of investors from foreign countries. Following are the foreign policies for different sectors for investors in Pakistan.

6.4.1. Manufacturing/Industrial Sector

Foreign investors are permitted to hold 100% of the equity of industrial projects without any permission of the Government and no Government sanction is required for setting up any industry in terms of field of activity, location and size except for the following: • Arms & Ammunitions • High explosives • Radioactive substances • Security printing, Currency and Mint. • Alcoholic beverages or liquors No NOC from provincial Government is required for locating the project anywhere in the country except in areas that are notified as negative areas.

6.4.2. Non-Manufacturing/Industrial Sector

Foreign Investment 100% equity on repatriable basis is allowed in the service, Infrastructure Social and Agriculture sectors subject to conditions indicated against each. Registration of Company with Security Exchange Commission is of Pakistan under the Companies Ordinance, 1984 is required under intimation to the State Bank of Pakistan.

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6.4.3. Service Sector:

Activities FDI in service sector is allowed in any activity subject to condition of prior permission/NOC or license from the concerned agencies and subject to provisions of respective sect oral polices. Conditions 100% foreign equity allowed on repatriable basis. The amount of foreign equity investment in the company/project shall be at least US$ 0.15 million.

6.4.4. Infrastructure Sector:

Activities Infrastructure projects, including the development of Industrial Zones. Conditions 100% foreign equity allowed on repatriable basis. The amount of foreign equity investment in the company/project shall be at least US$ 0.3 million.

6.4.5. Social Sector

Activities: Education, Technical/Vocational Training, Human Resource Development (HRD), Hospitals, Medical and Diagnostic Services. Conditions 100% foreign equity is allowed. The amount of foreign equity investment in the company/project shall be at least US$ 0.3 million.

6.4.6. Others

Tourism: Tourism has been given the status of Industry in accordance with Ministry of Industries and Production. Plant, machinery & equipment, not manufactured locally, of tourism, hotels and tourism related projects are importable at custom duty of 5% and zero rated sales tax.

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Detail of Machinery are plant, machinery and equipment, not manufactured locally, imported by tourism, hotels and tourism related projects, in excess of five percent customs duty livable. Housing and Construction: The Housing and Construction has also been declared as industry. Plant, machinery & equipment, not manufactured locally, of housing & construction industry are importable at custom duty of 5% and zero rated sales tax. Details of machinery are Plant, machinery and equipment, not manufactured locally, imported by the manufacturing industries, in excess of five percent customs duty livable. Local and foreign companies involved in real estate projects will not market these projects unless the title of the property is transferred in the name of a locally incorporated company and the “Commencement of Business” certificate is issued by the Security Exchange Commission of Pakistan to the firm. Information technology: Computer Software and information Technology (IT) have been declared as industry. Plant, machinery and equipment of Information Technology projects are importable at custom duty of 5% and zero rated sales tax, if not manufactured locally and as certified through Central Board of Revenue by the Facilitation Committee of Board of Investment Islamabad. Details of machinery are: Telecommunication i.e. E-mail/internet/electronic information services, audio-fax services, voicemail services, card pay phone services etc.

6.5. Leading Industries in different sectors:

6.5.1. Bakery Products

1. Classic Capital (Pvt.) LTD Bakery; Dhok Kala Khan Shamsabad 2. Continental Baking Industries; Industrial area Peshawar Road 3. Subhan Food Industries;Mehrabad Colony Peshawar Road 4. Waqar Food products PVT. Ltd. Dhok Mustaqeem Peshawar Road 5. West End Bakery Nishter Street Saddar

6.5.2. Beverage

6. Murree Brewery Company LTD; National Park Road

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6.5.3. Cement Products

7. Javedan Precasting (Ptv) Ltd; Old G.T. Road Morgah

6.5.4. Ceramics Products

8. Westridge Fireclay Industries; Westridge Rawalpindi

6.5.5. Chip/Straw Board

9. Capital Plywood Industry; Kaller Syedan Rawat Road

6.5.6. Diapers Plant

10. Snappies Baby Diapers Plant ; Peshawar Road

6.5.7. Domestic Hardware

11. Azam Industries Dhok Dalal 12. Nawaz Brothers; Dhok Safoo Pirwadhai

6.5.8. Drugs & Pharmaceuticals

13. W. Laboratories (PVT) Ltd. ;Haider Road Saddar 14. Ambrosia Pharmaceuticals ;Industrial Area Rawat 15. Biosynth Pharma (PVT) Ltd ; Peshawar Road 16. Honig Pharmaceuticals; Adyala Road 17. IPRAM International; Industrial Zone Rawat 18. NEOMEDIX ; Industrial Zone Rawat

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19. Olive Laboratories ; National Industrial Zone Rawat 20. Shaigan Pharmaceuticals (PVT) Ltd; Adyala Road 21. Unimar Pharmaceuticals ; National Industrial Zone Rawat 22. Webros Pharmaceuticals; Industrial Area Rawat

6.5.9. Flour Mills

23. Al Madina Flour and General Mills; Naswari Bazar 24. Al Hameed Flour & General Mills; Railway Workshop Road 25. Al-Harmain Flour Mills; Industrial area Rawat 26. Al Karim Flour Mills; Rawat 27. Al-Khizria Roller Flour Mills; Dhok Elahi Bukhsh 28. Al-Majahid Flour Mills; Ratta Road 29. Al-Noor Flour & General Mills; Kallar Road Rawat 30. Al-Qamar Flour Mills (PVT) Ltd; Railway Workshop Road 31. Al-Wahab Flour & General Mills, Westridge 32. Classic Flour & General Mills Rawat 33. Habib Flour & General Mills; Ratta Road 34. Jan & Jan Flour & General Mills;Rawat 35. Khurram Flour & General Mills; Westridge 36. Khyber Flour Mills; Seham Road 37. Kohsar Al-Hilal Flour Mills (PVT) Ltd; Westridge 38. Naseer Flour Mills Ratta Road 39. New Al-Hilal Flour Mills Westridge 40. Pak Roller Flour & General Mills; Peshawar Road 41. Punjab Flour Mills (Pvt) Ltd; Westridge Factory Area

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42. Rawat Flour Mills; Rawat 43. United Kashmir Flour Mills (Pvt) Rawat 44. VIP Flour Mills (Pvt) Ltd Rawat

6.5.10. Food Products

45. Aga khan Health Services Iodized Salt Plant ; Bangash Colony, Pirwadhai 46. Farmer Market (Pvt) Ltd 47. Fauji Cereals Dhamial Road 48. Tops Food & Beverages ; National Park Road

6.5.11. Industrial/Burn Gases

49. Foundation Gas Filling Plant Morgah 50. New Crecent Carbonic Gas Co. Kashmir Road

6.5.12. LPG Cylinders

51. Fauji Metals new Lalazar

6.5.13. Plastic Products

52. Fine Plastic Works; Zafar ul Haq Road

6.5.14. Poultry Feeds

53. JI Interprises; Industrial Estate Rawat 54. SB Feed Industries (Pvt.) Ltd. Rawat

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6.5.15. Refinery

55. Attock Refinery Limited Morgah Refinery

6.5.16. Textile Composite

56. Kohinoor Textile Mills Ltd Peshawer Road Rawalpindi

6.5.17. Textile Spinning

57. D.M.Textile Mills Ltd. Westridge

6.5.18. Tyre and Tubes

58. Loan Tyre & Rubber Co. (Pvt) Ltd.; Adamjee Street

6.5.19. Unani Medicines

59. New Dehli Dawakhana Ghazni Road

6.5.20. Woolen Textile Spinning/Weaving

60. Rahat Woolen Mills (Pvt) Ltd.; Peshawar Road

7. HEALTH SECTOR

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The Rawalpindi gets the remarkable development in the field of Health in last decay. This region is full of Health facilities. Detail of some prominent institutes of both sectors is following;

7.1. Rural Health Centres (RHC) 1. Bagga Sheikhan Tehsil Rawalpindi. 2. Chountra Tehsil Rawalpindi. 3. Khayaban e Sirsyed Tehsil Rawalpindi

7.2. Basic Health Units (BHU)

BHU Rehmat Abad, Rawalpindi.

7.3. Govt. Rural Dispensaries (GRD)

Shakrial Rawalpindi

7.4. MCH Centres 1. Dhok Ali Akber, Rawalpindi 2. Kamalabad Rawalpindi 3. Jhawery Rawalpindi 4. Satellite Town Rawalpindi 5. Teli Mohallah Rawalpindi 6. Khurram Colony 7. Taji Jhanugi 8. Krishanpura Rawalpindi 9. Rammabad 10. Shakrial Rawalpindi

7.5. Government Hospitals

1. Social Security Hospital Rawalpindi. 2. Holy Family Hospital saidpur Road, Rawalpindi 3. Rawalpindi General Hospital(RGH), Chandani Chowk

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4. District Headquarters Hospital (DHQ), Fawara Chowk Rawalpindi.

7.6. Army Hospitals in Rawalpindi 1. AFIC ( Armed Forces Institute Of Cardiology)

2. Military Hospital Rawalpindi. 3. Combined Military Hospital

7.7. Major Private Hospitals in Rawalpindi 1. Hearts International 192-A The Mall, Rawalpindi

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2. Shahid Dental Clinic R.A. Bazar Road, Opposite Shell Petrol Pump, Rawalpindi. 3. Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital Jhelum Road, Rawalpindi. 4. Amin Mediacl Center Hydri Chowk, Said pur Road, Rawalpindi. 5. Attock Hospital Private Ltd Morgah, Rawalpindi Cantt. 6. Aziz Nursing Home Saidpur Road, Rawalpindi. 7. Batool Hospital H-241. BH Building, Committee chowk Rawalpindi. 5551237 8. Bilal Hospital 38-A Satellite Town Rawalpindi 051-4438001 9. Fatima Clinic 993-B, Near Hydri Chowk, Satellite Town, Rawalpindi. 10. Fazal Eye Clinic Near Kali Tanki Mosque, Saidpur Road, Rawalpindi 11. Marie Adel Aid Leprosy Center Northern Regional Office PD- 425 7th Road, Satellite Town, Rawalpindi 12. Munna Bhai Hospital Westridge 1, Rawalpindi Cantt 13. Rahat Clinic Near Hydri Chowk, Satellite Town, Rawalpindi 14. REDO Eye Hopital Behind Naz Cinema, Off Murree Road, Rawalpindi 15. Riaz Bajwa Trust 122 Sabzazar Iqbal-o-Khurshid Bajwa House, Rawalpindi 16. Safder Clinic 31-B Commercial Center, Satellite Town Rawalpindi. 17. Shakoors V.I.P. Commercial Market Rawal Pindi 18. Talat Nursing Home Kamalabad Road-Rawalpindi 19. Maryam Memorial Hospital Rawalpindi 20. Valley Clinic Rawalpindi 21. Anwer Hospital Rawalpindi 22. Eye Surgeons Rawalpindi 23. Jinnah Memorial Hospital Rawalpindi.

7.8. Unani Dispensaries/ Dawakhanas 1. Hamdard dawakhana 2. Ajmal Dawakhana 3. Rahmania Dawakhana

7.9. Homeopathic Doctors/Clinics Bohr Bazar is very well known for homeopathic clinics/Doctors and Unani Dawakhanas. In Bohr Bazar there are many Homeopathic Clinics/Doctors and Unani Dawakhanas. Following are few most well known homeopathic Doctors. 1. Dr. Riaz Ahmed Murree Road. 2. Dr. Allao-ud-Din near Satellite town College 3. Al-Falah Homoeo Clinic 6-A, Satellite Town. Rawalpindi

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8. EDUCATION With the Grace of God Rawalpindi Division is the Unique City in our Country due to Educational Facilities. Education up to Graduate level is no more difficult for the citizens of Rawalpindi due to the large number of Government as well private institutions. Detail of some most prominent Institutions is as follows,

8.1. Universities

8.1.1. University of Arid Agriculture, Rawalpindi

Established Barani Agricultural College, Rawalpindi which was later upgraded to the level of the University in 1994. The mandate of the university is to form an organized scientific infrastructure for teaching and research for the development of dry land regions of the country, thus minimizing the income gap between the rich and poor.

ARID UNIVERSITY

8.1.2. Fatima Jinnah University for Women, Rawalpindi

Fatima Jinnah Women University is named in commemoration of the contributions made by "Madr-e-Millat" Fatima Jinnah (Madr-e-Millat (Mother of the Nation) (1893 - 1967) was the sister of Pakistan's first governor-general, Muhammed Ali Jinnah. After their father's death (1901), Muhammed became her legal guardian. It is housed in a building which was the old presidency and it is through this University that our heritage has been beautifully interlinked with the education of women for next millennium. The building has an architectural splendor. This gift to the nation, its daughters, and their families has been conceived and presented in an outstanding academic as well as architectural environment. As it stands, it is a symbol of the commitment of the nation to women's Education.

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8.1.3. The National University of Science and Technology (NUST)

NUST was founded in 1991. Located near the CMH, NUST has been one of the most famous places to study. National University of Science and Technology’s headquarter is in Rawalpindi. College Of Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Rawalpindi (an affiliated college of NUST)

8.2. Colleges

8.2.1. Govt. Post Graduate Colleges (Male and Female)

Sr. No. Name of the Institution 1. Govt. Gorden College, Rawalpindi

2. Govt. College Asghar Mall, Rawalpindi. 3. Govt. College St. Town, Rawalpindi. 4. Govt. College for women St. Town, Rawalpindi. 5. Govt. Viqar un Nisa College for women, Rawalpindi

8.2.2. Govt. Intermediate Colleges (Male and Female)

Sr. No. Name of the Institution 1. Govt. Hashmat Ali Isl. College, Rawalpindi. 2. Govt. Khadija Ummar Girls Inter College, Rawalpindi.

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8.2.3. Private registered Colleges (Male & Female)

1. Rawalpindi College for Girls, St. Town, Rawalpindi 2. Rawalpindi Model College of Commerce, St. Town, Rawalpindi. 3. Rawal College of Commerce, Kashmir Road, Rawalpindi. 4. Leaders College of Commerce, Sadiqabad, Rawalpindi. 5. Universal College, Saddar, Rawalpindi. 6. NICON College of Computer and ManagementSciences, Rawalpindi. 7. Rawalpindi College of Commerce Peshawer Road, Rawalpindi. 8. Punjab College of Excellence in Commerce , Rawalpindi. 9. Islamabad college of Management and Computer Abid Majeed Road, Rwp. 10. Rawalpindi College of Commerce, St. Town, Rawalpindi. 11. Civil College of Commerce St. Town, Rawalpindi. 12. Jinnah Institute of Information St. Town, Rawalpindi 13. Raess-ul-Ahrar College of Commerce, Rawalpindi. 14. Leader College 6th Road, Rawalpindi 15. Punjab College of Commerce Peshawer road, Rawalpindi.

Rawalpindi College of Commerce, St. Town, Rawalpindi 16. Khatoon-e-Pakistan College for Women Peshawer Road, Rawalpindi. 17. Al-Falah College for women St. town, Rawalpindi. 18. Educator College, St. town, Rawalpindi. 19. Islamic International Commerce College Saidpur Road, Rawalpindi. 20. Fatima Jinnah College for girls St. town, Rawalpindi. 21. OPF-girls Secondary School St. Town, Rawalpindi. 22. Infoneyes College of Information Technology St. town, Rawalpindi. 23. Punjab College of Information Technology, St. Town, Rawalpindi. 24. Hashmi College of Commerce Tulsa Road, Rawalpindi. 25. Cantt College of Commerce Westridge, Rawalpindi. 26. College of Advance Technology, Rawalpindi. 27. Ilqa Post Graduate Girls College, Rahimabad airport Road, Rawalpindi. 28. Rawal College of Commerce Peshawer Road, Rawalpindi. 29. Sir Syed Science College Tipu Road, Rawalpindi. 30. Rawalpindi Cantt College of Commerce Civil Line, Rawalpindi. 31. Punjab Law College, Rawalpindi. 32. Khawarizmi Institute of Science and Technology St. town, Rawalpindi. 33. CIT College Majeed Plaza Bank Road, Saddar, Rawalpindi. 34. Fauji Foundation College for Girls Lalazar, Rawalpindi. 35. Rawalpindi Cantt College of Commerce Peshawer Road, Rawalpindi 36. National Science College Murree Road, Rawalpindi.

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37. Standard Commerce College Chandni Chowk, Rawalpindi. 38. Inflorescence College of modern , Morgah Rawalpindi. 39. Capital College Murree Road, Rawalpindi. 40. Margalla Institute 6th Road, Rawalpindi. 41. Islamic International Commerce College, Shamsabad, Rawalpindi. 42. Jinnah Islamia College of Commerce St. Town, Rawalpindi. 43. Khyber Institute of Professional Skills St. Town, Rawalpindi. 44. Modern College of Computer Studies(MCCS), Rawalpindi Cantt. 45. Rawalpindi College of Commerce for Girls St. town, Rwalpindi. 46. Indus College of Commerce, Rawalpindi. 47. Jinnah Institute of Informatics, St. Town, Rawalpindi. 48. Leadership College for Boys St. town, Rwalpindi. 49. Leadership College for Girls St. Town, Rwalpindi. 50. College of Commerce Saddar, Rawalpindi. 51. Rawalpindi College for Boys, Ojiri Camp, Rawalpindi. 52. Rawalpindi Model College of Commerce, Main Peshawer Road 53. Police College Saihala, Rawalpindi. 54. Pakistan Advance College of Excellence, Rawalpindi. 55. Punjab College of information technology, St. town, Rawalpindi. 56. Islamabad College of Management & Commerce Quid-i-Azam Rawalpindi.

8.2.4. MC. Middle Schools Rawalpindi.

1. M.C. BMS Amarpura. 2. M.C. GMS Amarpura. 3. M.C. GMS Qasimabad.. 4. M.C. GMS Waris Khan.

8.2.5. MC. Primary Schools Rawalpindi

1. M.C. BPS Dhok Paracha 2. M.C. BPS Faiz abad 3. M.C. BPS Workshapi Mohallah 4. M.C. BPS New Malpur 5. M.C. BPS Qasim abad. 6. M.C. BPS Muslim Town. 7. M.C. BPS Chamanzar. 8. M.C. GPS Khayaban-e-Sirsyed. 9. M.C. BPS Kashmiri Bazar 10. M.C. BPS Muslim Town 11. M.C. BPS Arya Mohallah 12. M.C. BPS Bangash Colony 13. M.C. BPS Dhok Hasoo 14. M.C. BPS Dhok Hukamdad 15. M.C. BPS Fauji Colony 16. M.C. BPS Dhok Paracha

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17. M.C. BPS Ratta 18. M.C. BPS Chitian Hattian 19. M.C. BPS Affandi Colony

8.2.6. MC. High School Rawalpindi

1. M.C. BHS Millat Colony 2. M.C. BHS Ratta Amral 3. M.C. BHS Moti Baza 4. M.C. BHS Satellite Town 5. M.C. GHS Satellite Town 6. M.C. GHS Ratta Amral 7. M.C. GHS Teli Mohallah 8. M.C. GHS Talab Pukhta

8.3. Technical Education and Vocational Training Authority Rawalpindi

1. Govt. College of Commerce, Rawalpindi Saidpur Road, Scheme No.2 Satellite Town, Rawalpindi. 2. Govt. Institute of Commerce (W), Rawalpindi 393-A Chur Harpal Ghazi Colony Rawalpindi. 3. Govt. Vocational Training Institute (W), Rawalpindi (Cantt.) PIA Colony Misrial Road,PIA College Rawalpindi City. 4. Govt. Vocational Training Institute (W), Kartarpura, Rawalpindi City 5. Wood Working Service Centre, Rawalpindi Tipu Road Behind Moti Mahal Cinema Rawalpindi 6. Govt. Techincal Training Institute (W), Dhoke Syedan, Rawalpindi 7. Govt. Vocational Training Institute (W),(ABAD), Dhamial, Rawalpindi 8. Govt. Vocational Training Institute (W), (RMGTC), Rawalpindi 9. Govt. Institute of Commerce, Rawalpindi Cantt.

Allahabad Westridge III Near Ashiana Chowk, Nazir Plaza Rawalpindi

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8.4. Federal Government Schools & Colleges

F.G Sir Syed College for Boys, The Mall 1. F.G Sir Syed College for Boys, The Mall 2. F.G (C.B) College for Women 3. Fauji Foundation College for Boys 4. F.G. Sir Syed College, The Mall 5. Fauji Foundation Model School, Harley Street 6. F.G. Quaid-e-Azam College, Chaklala III

8.5. Private Schools and colleges 1. St Mary's Academy and St Mary's Cambridge School the oldest and most

renowned Missionary Schools for boys 2. Bahria Foundation College Peshawar Rd 3. Presentation Convent High School 4. Army Public School and College (APSAC), Ordinance Road, Lalazar 5. Beacon-House Schools System 6. PAF Intermediate College, Chaklala 7. The City School (Murree Road)

8.6. Government Schools & Colleges

1. Govt. Muslim Higher Secondary School # 1, Said Pur Road 2. Government Islamia High School No. 4, Liaquat Road

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8.7. Medical Colleges 1. Rawalpindi Medical College, RawalPindi (an affiliated

2. Army Medical College (founded in 1977) 3. Islamic International Medical College (IIMC) 4. Foundation University Medical College (FUMC)

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9. SPORTS & RECREATION

9.1. Tourist Attractions in Rawalpindi Tourist Attractions in Rawalpindi include a list of names that acquaint the traveler with the unique culture and heritage of the city. Rawalpindi lies on the Grand Trunk Road between Peshawar and Lahore against the background of the Margalla Hills on the Potwar Plateau. Tourist Attractions in Rawalpindi have delighted visitors and vacationers down the years, at the same time retaining its traditional flavor. The Rawalpindi Tourist Attractions take in archaeological as well as historical destinations. Tourist Attractions in Rawalpindi include the bazaars. These are the best way to see the city. Meander through the bazaars, but you should familiarize yourself with the geography before setting out. Rawalpindi Attractions like the city markets comprise two main roads: the Grand Trunk Road running east to west is known as The Mall when it crosses the cantonment; the Murree Road to the north of The Mall, crosses the railway tracks and heads to the east end on its way to Islamabad. The Raja Bazaar in the old city and Saddar Bazaar are the important destinations. Rawalpindi Tourism also includes the parks. The Ayub National Park, beyond the old Presidency on Jhelum Road, covers 2, 300 acres. It has a lake with boating facility, play land, a garden restaurant and an aquarium. The Rawalpindi Public Park on Murree Road near Shamsabad was opened in 1991. It has a playground, lush lawns, fountains and flower beds. The Rawalpindi Golf Course is one of the prominent Tourist Attractions in Rawalpindi. Situated near the Ayub National Park, the golf course was completed in 1926 by one of the oldest gold clubs of Pakistan, the Rawalpindi Golf Club, founded in 1885. From being a nine-hole course, today this is a facility of 27 holes.

9.1.1. Ayub National Park

Ayub National Park is located beyond the old Presidency on Grand Trunk (G.T.) Road. It covers an area of about 2,300 acres and has a play area, lake with boating facility, an aquarium, a garden-restaurant and an open air theater. Ayub National Park is regularly frequented by locals to spend the evening during weekends to spend some hours of entertainment with family and kids.

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Ayub National Park is situated in Rawalpindi in Paistan. This is one of the popular sites for recreation and entertainment. It is one of the oldest points as well as the largest in the historical Rawalpindi city that twines with the capital Islamabad. Within the Ayub National Park is a small area that is named as Jungle Kingdom where there are various fun rides for kids. Visitors with family and kids have great fun out here enjoying the rides and skating in the skating ring. There is a remote controlled boating section where young people as well as kids glide their boats with control in their hands. This is one of the most interesting aspects in the park. One should try out during a visit here. To add to the fun are the sights of some of the wild animals in their natural habitat. Some tigers, lions, cheetahs, bears, peacock and other animal and birds are visible in the zoo that is there within the Ayub National Park. As you move to the inner areas of the park there is a lake with facilities for boating. Other areas of the park are used for walking. A nominal fee has been fixed to enter the park and it is open from the early morning hour till the sunset. Ayub National Park is one important area of tourist attractions in Rawalpindi.

9.1.2. Liaqat National Bagh

Sometimes known as Liaqat Bagh and formerly Municipal Park, is of historical interest due to its

political processions. The first prime minister of Pakistan, Khan Liaqat Ali Khan, was assassinated

here in 1950. First Lady Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto also assassinated at 27th Dec, 2007 at same venue.

9.1.3. Rawalpindi Public Park

Rawalpindi Public Park (well known as Nawaz Sharif Park) is located on Murree Road near

Shamsabad. The Park was opened in 1991. It has a play area for children, lawns, fountains and

flower beds. A cricket stadium was built in 1992 opposite the Public Park. The 1996 World Cup cricket matches were held on this cricket ground.

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9.1.4. Jinnah Park, near Kachari Chowk, Civil Lines

9.1.5. Romi Park, Peshawar Road

9.1.6. Murree and the Galis

Murree, at 2,240 meters (7,400 feet), is only an hour's drive north-east of Islamabad. Its cold pine forests, amidst magnificent mountain scenery, make it the first choice for a day's outing from the capital. The Galis are a string of hill resorts along the ridge between Murree and Abbottabad, on the Karakoram Highway. Founded as a hill station by the British in 1851, Murree was the summer headquarters of the government of Punjab until 1876, when the honor was transferred to Simla. Murree remained, however, a little bit of England, complete with The Mall for promenading, parks, churches, schools, clubs and cafes. Since independence, Murree has once again become the summer retreat of the governor of Punjab and, since Islamabad became the capital of Pakistan in 1962, has expanded rapidly. Murree is lovely all year round. In summer it is cool - even chilly in the evening - and rain is common. In winter, the snow is piled high along the sides of the streets. But it is extremely popular with Punjabis escaping the heat of the plains in summer, so is too crowded for comfort from late May to early September, especially at weekends. To beat the crowds and still enjoy the walks, the best time to go in April-May and September-October. Murree spreads along the top of a ridge for about five kilometres (three miles). At the north-east end is Kashmir Point, with views across the valley of the Jhelum River into Azad Kashmir. At the south-west end is Pindi Point, looking back towards Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Between the two runs The Mall, at the centre of which is the main shopping area, where most people congregate. Numerous roads leave. The Mall and either follow the contours of the ridge or descend to the principal road. Promenading and shopping are Murree's main amusements, or riding in the new chair-lifts, one from

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Bansara Gali (below Murree) to Pindi Point, the other to the top of Patriata hill (on the road to Karor); both rides cost about Rs. 50 and take half an hour with a change from open chair-lift to the enclosed bubble in the middle. Bhurban Bhurban is a minor resort eight kilometers (five miles) from Murree on the road leading north-east to Kohala and the Jhelum Valley. The golf course here is open only to members. From near the Pearl Continental hotel you can take one of the many delightful paved walks through the woods. The Galis (Streets) Nathiagali Perhaps the most sought out is the beautiful Nathiagali perched 2501 meters high about 32 km away from Murree. The bracing air of the surrounding mountains is as pure as fresh spring water. Ayubia Khairagali, Changlagali, Khanspur and Ghora Dhaka, these four mini resorts spread over an area of 26 km have been developed into a resort complex called Ayubia. In addition to riding trails, hiking places and picnic spots, Ayubia has a chair lift, which like a ski-lift, takes you up to the summit of the nearby range for a panoramic view of the forested hills. Ayubia is 26 km from Murree. Dungagali Dungagali is a picturesque small resort situated on the slopes of the Mukshpuri hill (2376 m.). It commands a charming view of a series of wooded spurs projecting towards the river Jhelum on the western side. From Dungagali one can climb the 2813 m peak of Mukhshpuri, which is the highest point in the range. Natural springs abound on the slopes. It is 30 km from Murree. Khairagali It is 16 km from Murree at an elevation of 2346 m and commands a panoramic view on either side of the ridge. Changlagali It is 16 km from Murree at an altitude of 2559 m. There is a rest house located in the most picturesque surroundings. Patriata 25 km from Murree. The TDCP has developed a new tourist resort at Patriata. There is chairlift and cable car system which takes visitors up to Patriata Ridge in two stages from Gulehra Gali. The first stage is by chair lift up to Patriata Bazaar. From here visitors transfer to cable car gondolas for the ride up to Patriata Ride. A restaurant has also been established. Further plans include development of a wildlife park at the mid-station.

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Kashmir Point Kashmir Point is a popular name among the Tourist Attractions in Rawalpindi. Travelers find this spectacular spot extremely conducive for gathering a pleasant experience. Kashmir Point is an enjoyable locale, situated on the summit of a hill. The best time of the year to plan your visit is between the months of May and November. The Pindi Point is another attraction located near the Kashmir Point. Location of Kashmir Point Kashmir Point is a spot on Mall Road. For this, you have to go up from the Rawalpindi General Post Office about 1 km. once you reach the summit, you will find that the surface is clean. Scenery from here is extremely beautiful. The Rawalpindi Kashmir Point is the place from where the Kashmir peaks can be viewed from a convenient vantage point and that is why this point is called Kashmir Point. Murree Wildlife Park The Murree Wildlife Park, better known as the Murree National Park, is perhaps one of the best representative quarters of the Himalayan Moist Temperate Forest, a sub category of the Montane Forests. The Murree Wildlife Park is a National Park in the North West Frontier Province of Pakistan. It is a small natural park located 26 kms from the picturesque hill station of Murree. The Murree National Park has been developed as a resort complex by combining four mini resorts of Changla Gali, Khaira Gali, Khanspur and Ghora Dhaka in Galyat. The Murree Wildlife Park harbors species like the vulture, golden eagle, hill pigeon and sparrow hawk. The animals include the Asiatic black bear, Asiatic leopard, flying squirrel and hill fox. The Murree Wildlife Park Rawalpindi provides tourists superb scenery of the huge subtropical pine forest casing the hills and providing shelter. An ethno botany program is being carried out in the Murree Wildlife Park area to demonstrate the sustainable and ecological usage of plant resources as a means for conserving biodiversity. This will involve the establishment of levels and patterns of local dependence on the park’s resources. It will also aid in the improvement of appropriate strategies to reduce the dependence. There are 21 medicinal herbs here belonging to 19 families which are used by the local inhabitants. There are several areas of tourist interest near the Murree Wildlife Park such as picnic spots and motels. In addition to riding trails, hiking places, there is a chairlift service in the central place of Ghora Dhaka in Ayubia that takes the tourists to a nearby apex for a view of the forested hills. This Chairlift was the first such recreation facility in Pakistan and still remains a major attraction for the domestic tourists.

9.1.7. The Raja Bazaar

The Raja Bazaar is one of the well liked Tourist Attractions in Rawalpindi. The city of Rawalpindi, known as the twin of Pakistan’s capital, Islamabad, is dotted with a number of bazaars or markets,

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like The Raja Bazaar. The bazaars of the Old City are famous for quaint old shops in Moti bazaar, Saddar bazaar, Raja bazaar and Kashmiri bazaar. The Sarafa bazaar, one of the other market places of Rawalpindi, is famous for brass and copperware and beaten gold and silver jewelry. The Raja Bazaar Rawalpindi is situated right next to the Rawalpindi Cantonment. The Raja Bazaar commences from here. At the outset, you will not be able to figure out what to do at this amazing place. You need to get used to the pulsating rhythm of The Raja Bazaar to understand the place better. As it turns out, the Raja Bazaar is in fact a business souk where you can glimpse thousands of people running from here to there. The sheer variety of businesses will impress you. Here, at The Raja Bazaar, you can find every thing which a common man can use, so the place is ideal for purchasing gift items and accessories. The Raja Bazaar in Rawalpindi however, is a haunt of pick pockets and policemen. This is a place where you go by choice, but come out by sheer luck. Rawalpindi has long been a major market for exports from neighboring places such as Indian Kashmir and the North West Frontier Province. The bazaars of Rawalpindi are known to specialize in Kashmiri silver, cane baskets and furniture, Potohar shoes and Chappals, handicrafts such as inlaid sheesham and walnut furniture, shawls and jackets, embroidered and woolen kurtas and household linen, walking sticks, and hand woven Kashmiri and Bokhara carpets.

9.1.8. Taxila Museum

Construction of Taxila museum started in 1918, its foundation stone laid by Lord Chemsford, vicery of India in 1918. Construction was concluded in 1928 and the museum was opened for public by Sir Habibullah then the ministry for Education. Sir John Marshall who was going to be retired from the post of Director General of Archaeological survey of India in 1928, could not complete its original plan. The government of Pakistan constructed the northern gallery in 1998. There are 4000 objects displayed, including stone, stucco, terracotta, silver, gold, iron and semiprecious stones. Mainly the display consists of objects from the period 600 B.C to 500 AD. Buddhist, hindu and Jain cults are well represented through these objects discovered from three ancient cities and more than two dozen buddhist stupas and monasteries and Greek temples. Taxila Museum is located 35 km from Islamabad on the Grand Trunk Road to Peshawar. It is famous for remains of Gandhara art. Most of the sites at Taxila, dating back 600 BCE to 500 CE, are located around the Taxila Museum. All the sites at Taxila cannot be visited in a day. However, the museum, which is the first stop for any tourist, is an ideal place to visit and get an idea about the archaeological significance of the place. The museum houses one of the best collections of Gandhara art in Pakistan; a display of artefacts detailing the daily life of the inhabitants of ancient Taxila, and a useful model of the whole valley showing all the archaeological sites. Taxila Museum is one of the best and most well-maintained museums of Pakistan.

9.1.9. Hassan Abdal

Hassan Abdal is a beautiful, quiet place and a convenient halting point of G.T. Road enroute to Peshawar or Abbottabad, 48 km from Rawalpindi. It is This town has a particular association with

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Mughals and Sikhs. It was mentioned by Emperor Jehangir in his memoirs and frequently visited by successive Mughal Kings, on their way to Kashmir. It remained a holy place for various religious groups through the ages. It has a Sikh Gurdwara (temple) known as Panja Sahib having a sacred rock with the hand print of their religious leader, Guru Nanak.Twice a year, Sikh pilgrims visit this Gurdwara from all over the world. Two other historical buildings of Mughal era (Muqbara Hakeeman and so-called tomb of Lala Rukh) are located just opposite the Gurdwara.

9.1.10. Places Around Rawalpindi & Islamabad

Margalla Pass The small pass is located 26 km west of Islamabad on G.T. Road. Margalla is mentioned by historians and emperors like Alberuni, Ferishta and Jehangir. Today, it is a pass between the ancient capital of Gandhara, that is, Taxila, and the modern capital of Pakistan, i.e. Islamabad. There is an obelisk right on the top of the Pass, built in 1890 in memory of Brig. Gen. John Nicholson (died on 23 September 1857) of British army, by his colleagues. A small part of the ancient Shahi (Royal) Road can be seen just across the pass, left of G.T. Road. This road was first built by the Persians in 516 BC and later developed by the Afghan King Sher Shah Suri in 1540s. An inscription on the western side of this stone pavement shows that it was again repaired in 1672 AD. Wah Gardens Once a major campsite of Mughal rulers, Wah Gardens are located 12 km west of Taxila on G.T. Road. The gardens were developed with magnificent trees and weather channels by successive Mughal emperors. Tapering cypress trees, loved by the Mughals, line the canals through which cool waters once, Flowed between elegant romantic and cascading into large reflecting basins. The gardens are being restored to their original beauty, by the Department of Archaeology, Government of Pakistan. Chattar This resort nestles at the base of Murree hills at a distance of 15 km on Islamabad-Murree road. This place offers scenic walks, gently flowing stream, waterfall and the surrounding hillside are a perfect attraction. The resort has a restaurant, barbecue and two air-conditioned tourist cottages. The Children's Park and playground are spread over an area of 12.5 acres.

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9.2. Other Places Worth A Visit

9.2.1. The Salt Range

The Salt Range runs from Jhelum river in the east and west to Kalabagh on the Indus River. Most of the Salt Range is composed of the salt deposits left behind when the sea that extended over the Potohar Plateau evaporated 800 million years ago.

Fossils of prehistoric animals have been discovered in the Salt Range, especially near a village called Bari Amir Khatoon, 40 km from Chakwal. There are many places of historical and archaeological interest in the Salt Range. Salt Range remained part of a powerful Hindu Kingdom of Kashmir in 10th century AD. Most of the forts and temples concentrated in the Salt Range date from that period.

9.2.2. Khewra Salt Mines

The main center of mining is Khewra in the Salt Range where the world's largest salt mines are located. Khewra salt mines are 154 kms away from Rawalpindi. The route is Mandra-Dydyal-Chakwal-Choha Saidan Shah-Khewra. A longer route is through Kallar Kahar-Katas. The nearest hotel accommodation is a TDCP resort at Kallar Kahar. For permits to visit the mines you may contact their office in Islamabad at Plot No. 13, H-9 (Manager Salt, Tel: 448407-8, 448413) through PTDC Tourist Information Centers at Rawalpindi or Islamabad, at least 4 days in advance.

9.2.3. Kallar Kahar

The main attraction of the eastern Salt Range at the shrine of Saidan Shah at Choa Saidan Shah, the lake and shrine of Abdul Qadir Gilani at Kallar Kahar. TDCP has built a six-room motel and restaurant over-looking Kallar Kahar (Salt Lake) with boating facilities.

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9.2.4. Temple of Katas

The Hindu Temple Complex at Katas is located about 135 km from Rawalpindi. The Temple of Shiva at Katas (10th century AD) and Malot are valuable pieces of architecture and history.

Most of the temples, located some 40 km from the modern city of Chakwal in the Potohar region of northern Punjab in Pakistan, were built during the reign of Hindu kings. These several temples were built around 900 years ago or more, although the earliest of the Katasraj temples dates back to the latter half of the 6th century A.D. Scholars believe that most of the temples were actually constructed when the Shahi kingdom, driven from Afghanistan when their ethnic cousin Mahmud of Ghanavi came to power, fled to the region and set up base there.

The temple was abandoned by local Hindus when they migrated to East Punjab in 1947. It has always been the site of holy pilgrimage for people of various faiths. Even nowadays, worshippers from all faiths perform pilgrimages to the temple every year and bathe in the sacred pool around which Katasraj is built.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Pool_at_Katas.jpg

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9.2.5. Forts

Rawat Fort

Rawat Fort is located 17 km east of Rawalpindi, on the Grand Trunk (G.T. Road) leading to Lahore. Gakkhars, a fiercely independent tribe of the Potohar Plateau, built the fort in early 16th century. The grave of a Gakkhar Chief, Sultan Sarang Khan is located inside the fort. He died in 1546 AD fighting against the forces of Sher Shah Suri. One needs to climb the broken steps inside the tomb to get a panoramic view of the plateau and the Mankiala Stupa.

Pharwala Fort

This fort is about 40 km from Rawalpindi beyond Lehtrar road. It was built in 15th century by a Gakkhar ruler, Sultan Kai Gohar, on the ruins of a 10th century Hindi Shahi Fort. Emperor Babar conquered the fort in 1519 AD. Later, in 1825, Gakkars were expelled by Sikhs from this fort. Though the fort is in a crumbling state, it is still an attraction for castle lovers. The fort being situated in a prohibited area is only open for Pakistani visitors.

Rohtas Fort

Rohtas Fort is 109 km from Rawalpindi. It is located about 6 km southwest of Dina Town. Going from Rawalpindi/Islamabad, you have to turn right from G.T. Road to a narrow road just before Dina Police Station and then go left until you find the city bed of Kahan River. The fort is visible from this point. However, you have to cross the river to reach it. The fort is one of the most impressive historical monuments in Pakistan. It was built by Afghan ruler Sher Shah Suri, between 1540 and 1547 AD. It served as a huge fortified base for military operations against Gakkhars by Sher Shah Suri. It was later used by Mughal emperor Akbar and Sikhs. Within the huge terraced rampart walls with robust bastions and twelve gates are located a fortress, palaces and ancillary buildings.

The Rawalpindi Rohtas Fort dominates the Ghaan gorge, which was the only viable route from the mountainous nation north of the salt range to the southern plains. The plan of the Rohtas Fort is adapted to the terrain, defended by a number of ravines as well as the Ghaan River, which breaks through the eastern spur of the Tilla range. The fort is surrounded by a massive wall and 12 gates. The most striking feature is the wall strengthened with 68 bastions. Besides providing strength, these bastions add to the elegance and grandeur of the fort. The terraces of the wall are interlinked by stairs and the topmost terrace is Merion shaped. The height of the fortification wall of the Rohtas Fort is between 30 and 40 feet and a considerable number of galleries have been provided within the thickness of the wall for the soldiers and were used as storage space. The wall is built of sand stone rubble masonry, lime mortar and granular brick grit.

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Within the Rohtas Fort, a small town has developed, home to several thousand people. There are more than12 mosques and 10 schools within the premises of the fort. This leaves open the possibility of establishing townships here in the future.

Attock Fort

It is situated about 101 km west of Islamabad on the left bank of Indus River. The fort was completed in 1583 AD under the supervision of Khawaja Shamsuddin Khawafi, a minister of emperor Akbar. The Mughal caravan sarai outside the fort, on the G.T. Road, was also built during this period.

Giri Fort

The glen of Giri is located 8 km northeast of Taxila, at the foot of Margalla. It is approached through a rough torrent bed near two villages named Khurram Gujar and Khurram Paracha. There are remains of two monasteries and stupas, one on the top of the hill and other below it. The remains of Giri fort are perched on the hilltop, with spring water falling within it. The fort was built in 5th century by the Buddhist monks. Later it was used by Sultan Masud, son of Sultan Mahmud of Gazni.

9.3. Sports venues and stadiums

9.3.1. Rawalpindi Golf Course

Situated near Ayub National Park, was completed in 1926 by Rawalpindi Golf Club, one of the

oldest golf clubs of Pakistan. The facility was initially developed as a nine-hole course. After

several phases of development, it is now a 27-hole course. From the clubhouse, there is a

panoramic view of Faisal Mosque, the twin cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, and the course

itself. Major golf tournaments are regularly held here. Rawalpindi is one of the treasures of Pakistan and is used for many national golf tournaments. Rawalpindi Golf course dates back to the year 1926 and is one of the oldest golf courses in Pakistan. It is managed and maintained by Rawalpindi Golf Club, the oldest golf clubs in Pakistan which was started in 1885. It is situated at I. G. T. Road Rawalpindi. The sprawling course is a 18-hole Course that hosts all major golf tournaments organized by the national golfing authority. The serene surrounding of the course draws tourists to spend their day in style amidst the lush green surrounding. Rawalpindi Golf Course in Rawalpindi has an elegant clubhouse that throws a lovely natural panorama of the Faisal Mosque and the beautifully manicured lawns. The facilities at Rawalpindi Golf course a training program for the beginners and practice arrangement for the amateurs. There is a restaurant that serves food and beverages to the visitors. It has tie ups with the Rawalpindi Tourism bureau and some hotels in Rawalpindi do bring their guest for some recreational purpose.

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Rawalpindi Golf Course has a great potential for organizing international golf tournaments. The authorities have planned to extend it by 9-hole. Golf is played here all the year round and European players do come down her during the winter months when its snow in Europe.

9.3.2. Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium

Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium is the most revered name among the cricket loving tourists. Having been established in 1992 with a capacity to hold 15,000 cricket loving enthusiast watch their national cricketing heroes face the rival teams, Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium has become an important tourist sites during the Rawalpindi Tour. The Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium was unveiled in the year 1993 during the Zimbabwe Tour. It was selected as the venue for the 2nd Test Match between Pakistan and the touring Zimbabwe side. Since then it features regularly in the cricket itinerary whenever a foreign team tours Pakistan. It became a hot spot during the 1995-96 Cricket World Cup Tournament. During the course of time the capacity was increased to 20,000. A feather in the cap of the picturesque stadium was added in the year 2001 when the flood light was installed to host day-night matches. Australia played Pakistan under floodlights which has made one of the floodlit stadiums of the world. Since then it has been hosting a lot of matches both international and domestic. This is in fact the 14th test Match ground in Pakistan. Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium in Rawalpindi is located on the edge of the city 3 miles away from the Capital city, Islamabad. The cricket lovers do travel out to the Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium to have a glimpse of the stadium. The facilities at the stadium include practice pitches, floodlights and an indoor fitness center which is equipped with all latest international equipments where the sportsmen work their heart out to keep fit and fine. The stadium also houses cafeterias for the joggers to have some light snacks and beverages after their practice session. Tourist can also visit them and have a feel of the lovely surrounding.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Rawalpindi_cricket.jpg

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9.3.3. Rawalpindi Club, The Mall Saddar

9.3.4. Army Hockey Stadium

9.3.5. SOME OTHER STADIUMS

a) KRL Cricket Stadium

b) Army Football Stadium

c) Municipal Football Stadium, Satellite Town d) Race course ground Race course ground

http://www.flickr.com/photos/13481558@N06/2050879650/

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9.4. Popular Sports In Rawalpindi

9.4.1. KABBADI

Pakistan Kabaddi Federation (PKF) organized Kabbaddi matches in Pakistan. It is a very popular and widely played sport. Matches between Pakistan and their rivals India can be very intense. Kabaddi is Cultural game of Rawalpini. It is also being played in Rural areas with great interest.

9.4.2. Cricket

Cricket has a huge following and based on attendance figures at games, is the most popular sport in the Rawalpindi. Pakistan has produced many multi-talented players who have been among the best batsmen and bowlers in the world.. Pakistan has won a lot of international cricket events, including the World Cup in 1992, besides finishing as runners up in 1999 World Cup and 2007 World Twenty20. Pakistan's cricket teams take part in domestic competitions such as the ABN-AMRO Cup, the ABN- AMRO Patron'sTrophy, ABN-AMRO Twenty-20 Cup Twenty-20 Cup. In Pindi Cricket stadium many International and domestics matches played .

9.4.3. Field Hockey

Field hockey is the national sport of Pakistan. The Pakistan Hockey Federation (PHF) is the national governing body of field hockey in Pakistan. The Pakistan men's team has won three gold medals at the Olympics and lifted the Hockey World Cup four times. It has also won the most number of Asian gold medals and is the only Asian team to have won the prestigious Champions Trophy. It has been consistently ranked amongst the top. Hockey matches played at Rawalpindi Hockey Stadium at Mall Road Rawalpindi.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Pakvaus.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Pakvaus.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:PakFHockey.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:PakFHockey.jpg

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9.5. Wildlife potential in Rawalpindi district, Punjab. A study was conducted to investigate the wildlife potential including the population status, habitat preference, distribution pattern and overall diversity of wildlife species in Rawalpindi district, Punjab, Pakistan. Socioeconomic surveys were also conducted to identify incentives for active involvement of local community in management activities and evaluate the awareness of the local community about the importance of wildlife. Eleven species were studied for their habitat preference: Lophura leucomelana hamiltoni, Francolinus francolinus, Accipiter gentilis, Muntiacus muntjac, Martes flavigula, Macaca mulatta, Eupetaurus cinereus, Canis aureus, Vulpes vulpes, Panthera pardus and Hystrix indica. The species were less determined in habitat selection but were widely distributed throughout the habitat range. Sixty-two people were interviewed in two socioeconomic surveys. All of the local people interviewed were aware of the types of wildlife in the area. 53.6% of the respondents view that hunting is limited, 43.4% said no hunting and 3% practiced unlimited hunting. 90% of the people surveyed are willing to cooperate in wildlife conservation measures, 31.5% recommended a complete ban on hunting and 40% recommended protection from fire during the burning season.

9.6. Cinemas & Theatres Following are Cinema houses working in Rawalpindi City: Plaza Cinema, The Mall Ciros Cinema, Saddar Gulistan, Committee Chowk

Shabistan, Committee Chowk

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Other famous Cinema House at Rawalpindi are as follows; • Odean Cinema • PAF Cinema • Cinepax Cinema • Novalty Cinema • Novelty Cinema • Khurshid Cinema • Moti Mahal Cinema

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10. SERVICES

10.1. SOCIAL AND EMERGENCY SERVICES

10.1.1. Rescue 15 - Emergency Reporting Centre

Rescue 15 is an initiative of the Punjab Police to provide emergency response to the people in distress or victims of a crime. Gradually they have also been equipped to provide other police related services including legal advice, crime reporting, identification of vehicles for registration etc. The usual and most convenient method of contacting Rescue 15 is through telephone, however personal visits are also allowed. The universal number for calling the centre is 15 which is also the reason for their nomenclature. The centre staff does not respond to the emergencies themselves. They rather inform the concerned police station or the nearest police patrol for this purpose.

10.1.2. RESCUE 1122 ( Punjab Emergency Services)

The limited capacity to deal with emergencies like road traffic accidents, buildings collapse, explosions, fires and disasters was putting the lives and properties of citizens at risk. Therefore, the Government of Punjab has introduced a system for Emergency Preparedness, Response and Prevention through legislation and Punjab Emergency Service (Rescue 1122) has been established for proper management of emergencies. The Service started as an Emergency Ambulance Service has been a great success by providing efficient and effective response, rescue, emergency medical treatment and safe transportation to helpless victims of Accidents, Emergencies and Disasters whom earlier people were afraid to help due to medico-legal reasons. The Service Ambulances and trained rescue paramedics was able to provide an average response time of 7 minutes in a city, which is an achievement even internationally. Based on the success of this trained emergency service its role has been expanded to include Rescue, Fire and Disaster preparedness and response. Objectives of RESCUE 1122 • Establishment of a system for Emergency Preparedness, Response and Prevention. • Development of Safer Communities through proactive approach towards Emergency Management, Community Awareness &Training. • To have positive socio-economic impact on society by reducing disabilities and deaths due to injuries ( mostly resulting from road traffic accidents, the leading cause of deaths) amongst young able bread-winners.

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10.1.3. POLICE STATIONS

Major Police Stations of Rawalpindi are as follows: 1. Police station City 2. Gunj Mandi 3. Pirwadhai 4. Waris Khan 5. Banni 6. New Town 7. Saadiq Abad 8. Cantt 9. Westridge 10. R.A Bazar 11. Civil Lines 12. Airport 13. Saddar Beroni 14. Women Police Station

10.1.4. Edhi Foundation

Edhi Foundation is one of the dynamic NGOs with branches spread through out the Country, which is controlled by Abdul Sattar Edhi , who is a mobile institution ready to respond, anxious to comfort and console the anguished souls. Endurance, perseverance, patience, struggle, sympathy and compassion along with sacrifice of his personal comforts, are the important elements on which rests the philosophy of Abdul Sattar Edhi. Edhi Foundation is providing so many social services here in Rawalpindi, it has main office at Murree Road Rawalpindi

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10.1.5. Darul Aman

Basic Objective of Darul Aman is to provide Social Protection Services, Empowerment of Women & Gender Equality, Special Initiatives for Destitute Women, Children, Old People and Disabled.

Ladies are working at Darul Aman

10.1.6. SOS Village

SOS Children's Villages are institutions established to give orphaned or abandoned children a new start in life by providing a substitute for the family they have lost. This is achieved by the formation of 'families' which are as natural as possible. The children are given security, support, love and understanding. The main Campus of SOS is near AyubNational Park at Jhelum Road , Rawalpindi

http://sos.org.pk/112phil.html#mother

http://sos.org.pk/112phil.html#brothers

http://sos.org.pk/112phil.html#home

http://sos.org.pk/112phil.html#village

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10.1.7. Anjuman Faiz -UL -Islam(Apna Ghar)

One of the better-funded madrassahs is the Anjuman Faizul Islam in Rawalpindi. Here, boys and girls - nearly 700 of whom are orphans - study together up until fifth grade, and then continue their studies separately until grade 10. This madrassah's library is full of books in both English and the national language, Urdu, from "Gone with the Wind" to "How to Build a Hydropower Dam." The chemistry lab would not look out of place at any American public school. The curriculum includes Islamic studies, to be sure, but the emphasis is on achievement, not on Islamic political causes. “The basic aim is that this orphan, this poor child; he should not become a beggar or a burden to his family. Whosoever is a lady person should not be left behind.”

10.2. Utility Services

Rawalpindi is enjoying all the basic Utility services, detail of some among them is following;

10.2.1. Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited (SNGPL),

SNGPL is the largest integrated gas company serving more than 2.7 million consumers in North Central Pakistan through an extensive network in Punjab and NWFP. The Company has over 43 years of experience in operation and maintenance of high-pressure gas transmission and distribution systems. It has also expanded its activities to undertake the planning, designing and construction of pipelines, both for itself and other organizations. SNGPL operates in a region of the nation that has a rapidly growing demand for natural gas and power generation due to significant industrial development. SNGPL was incorporated as a private limited Company in 1963 and converted into a public limited company in January 1964 under the Companies Act 1913, now Companies Ordinance 1984, and is listed on all the three Stock Exchanges of the Country. SNGPL transmission system extends from Sui in Balochistan to Peshawar in North West Frontier Province (NWFP) comprising over 6195 KM of Transmission System (Main lines & Loop lines). The distribution activities covering 831 main towns along with adjoining villages in Punjab & NWFP are organized through 8 regional offices. Distribution system consists of 46,964 KM of pipeline (as at June 2006). SNGPL has 2,733,028 consumers comprising Commercial, Domestic, General Industry, Fertilizer, Power & Cement Sectors. Sales to these consumers were 39,127,280 HM3 worth 31,581.118 million rupees during July-September, 2006. Annual gas sale for year 2005-2006 was 161,008,081 HM3 worth 107,897.291 million rupees with Company's earning per share at Rs. 7.46/-.

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Total Number of Consumers in Rawalpindi: 250,000 Approximately Service Centers: 1. SNGPL Satellite Town Rawalpindi 2. SNGPL, Rawalpindi Cantt, Saadi Road

10.2.2. IESCO

Islamabad Electric Supply Company looks after the electricity distribution network in the administrative districts of Rawalpindi, Chakwal, Attock, Jhelum and Federal Capital Islamabad.

IESCO Consumer Detail of Rawalpindi:

Domestic Commercial Industrial Bulk Tube Well Street Light Others Total

Rwp Circle 349945 38691 2759 132 2140 59 048 393774

S/T Div 77672 20754 424 14 130 32 0 99026 City Div 65911 30493 825 16 64 26 5 97340 Cantt Div 44741 13187 466 88 30 140 2 58654 Westridge Div 54741 9278 371 64 42 26 1 64523

Tariqabad 56505 7121 193 84 62 19 0 63984 City Circle 355255 86654 2479 274 382 260 9 445313

TOTAL 1004770 206178 7517 672 2850 562 65 1222614

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10.2.3. PTCL

Company Profile

With employee strength of 65,000 and 5.7 million customers, PTCL is the largest telecommunications provider in Pakistan. PTCL also continues to be the largest CDMA operator in the country with 0.8 million V-fone customers. The company maintains a leading position in Pakistan as an infrastructure provider to other telecom operators and corporate customers of the country. It has the potential to be an instrumental agent in Pakistan’s economic growth. PTCL has laid an Optical Fiber Access Network in the major metropolitan centers of Pakistan and local loop services have started to be modernized and upgraded from copper to an optical network. On the Long Distance and International infrastructure side, the capacity of two SEA-ME-WE submarine cables is being expanded to meet the increasing demand of International traffic. In Rawalpindi city following exchanges are working Cantt Exchange working lines more than 20000 Chaklala exchange 10000 lines Westridge exchange 22000 lines S/town exchange 29,628 lines City Exchange 14000 lines Following offices are located in Rawalpindi DE Cantt DE City DE S/Twon DE Westridge Director Revenue Director Development Customar Service Centre Internet Service Providers: 1) Brain Net 2) Comsats 3) Cyber Net 4) Excel Net 5) Pakistan Online 6) Paknet – Online Activatio 7) Raabta Online 8) PTCL 9) Wateen

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10.2.4. WASA

Introduction: The Water and Sanitation Agency (WASA) is committed to provide drinking water of Unquestionable quality in sufficient quantity and to treat the sewage generated to the required parameters. As the leader in providing water and sanitation services, WASA is recognized as an effective instrument of change through adopting state-of-the-art technologies for improving the quality of its services to the general public. Total No. of Water Supply Complaint Centers = 5 Address of Complaint Center 1. Liaquat Bagh (Main Office) 2. Khayban-e-Sirsyed 3. Committee Chowk 4. Water Works No. 1 5. Shamsabad (Over Head Reservoir) 6. Pirwadahi Total No. of Sewerage Complaint Centers = 3 Total No. of No. of Sewerage Cleaning Teams: 14 Total Number of Consumers in Rawalpindi City: 10 Million

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10.2.5. POST OFFICE

GPO , Sadder Rawalpindi Pakistan Post Office is performing deliberately its postal services for the citizens of Rawalpindi Division; currently GPO has implemented an Express Mail Track & Trace System, and Inquiry & Reporting System (EMTTS), in 11 major cities of Pakistan including Rawalpindi Division. Objectives Main objectives of the (EMTTS) project are: • Improve the quality of service to customers. • Provide an efficient automated platform to support a major increase in the volumes of Express Mail and Express Money Order traffic. • Improve overall operations and increase productivity. • Provide PPO management with information relating to the quality of service for Express Mail being provided by PPO to its customers. Post Offices in Rawalpindi 1. Rawalpindi GPO & Its Night Post Office 2. Rawalpindi Satellite Town Post Office & Its Night Post Office 3. Islamabad International Airport Post Office & Its Night Post Office 4. Dr. Aziz Mohammad Road Post Office 5. Urdu Bazar Post Office & Its Night Post Office 6. Peer Waddhi Post Office

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10.2.6. Railway Stations

There is also an Islamabad/Rawalpindi central railway station that allows travel to every major city in Pakistan. In addition to freight, Pakistan Railways provides passenger rail service throughout the day, with train coaches that have air-conditioning in first-class.

1. Railway Station Rawalpindi Cantt 2. Railway Station Chaklala, Rawalpindi

10.2.7. Airport

Rawalpindi is well connected with the other areas of Pakistan through air, rail and road. Islamabad International Airport is located in Rawalpindi and used by the most of the world airlines and domestic air traffic. The Islamabad International Airport is actually located in Rawalpindi than Islamabad and is used by over 25 airlines, both national and international. Pakistan International Airlines (PIA), the principal carrier in Pakistan, has numerous routes, with many domestic and international flights every day. Construction on the new Rawalpindi/Islamabad international airport has now been started near the town of Tarnaul approx 10 miles from both cities.

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View of Islamabad International Air port

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Islamabad-Airport-40156.JPG

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10.2.8. Highways

The main route running through Rawalpindi is the Murree Road. This road runs West-East through the city and continues to the Hill Station of Murree, which is a major summer attraction for Rawalpindi residents. Murree Road is one of the busiest roads in the Punjab Province of Pakistan.

Rawalpindi is on the ancient Grand Trunk Road (also known as G.T. Road) or, more recently, N-5 which links Rawalpindi to nearly every major city in northern Pakistan, from Lahore in the Punjab to Peshawar in the NWFP.

The city is also served by two nearby six-lane Motorways, M2 (Lahore-Islamabad) and M1 (Islamabad-Peshawar), which were completed in the 1990s. Somewhat further away is the famous Karakoram Highway, the world's highest international road, which connects Pakistan to China.

Motorway Interchange, Rawalpindi.

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10.2.9. Public Transportation

Public transport for travel within Rawalpindi is diverse, ranging from yellow taxis, auto-rickshaws, mini-buses, yellow cabs, auto-rickshaws and even tongas (horse-drawn carriages). Due to lack of planning of roads, mess of traffic is found even on small roads. For inter-city travel, air-conditioned and non air-conditioned buses and coaches are regularly available to many destinations in Pakistan.

• PEER WADHI ADDA Peer wadhai adda is one of the most popular and oldest transport point in Rawalpindi city. • SAWAN ADDA This is also one of the largest and popular point for transportation. • DAEWOO EXPRESS The Daewoo Bus Company runs many of the buses with very modern air-conditioned buses, which ease travel during the high summer temperatures, and which operate constantly throughout the day. The Daewoo bus stop in Rawalpindi is situated near the Peer Wadhai Morr.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:RickshawPak.jpg

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11. MEGA DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS

11.1. Islamabad International Airport Road Widening and Remodeling of Roads and Intersections of Islamabad International Airport Road from Jinnah Park Chowk to Flying Club, Rawalpindi. Objectives 1. To improve Traffic circulation and accessibility from Airport to the southeast part of the city. 2. Traffic safety will improve by adopting high standard of geometric design, which will result in reduction of accidents rate, as already achieved in case of Murree Road and Rawal Road in Rawalpindi. 3. Safety of Pedestrian cyclists will be enhanced by providing wider footpaths and cycling lanes. 4. Vehicle operating cost and journey time will reduce. 5. Reduction in accident due to channelization of traffic at intersections. Brief Description of the Project The project covers 5.45 Km of main road with 1.00 Km of service roads at Airport Road includes improvement of pavement, construction of footpaths, median, pedestrian over head bridges, pavement marking, traffic signs, installations of traffic signals, channelization of junctions, provision of efficient drainage system, relocation of structures, road lights and construction of Flyover Bridge over Railway Track at Rahimabad Rawalpindi.

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Future Projects

11.2. Ring Road

1. General Description

The proposed Ring Road – II encircles Rawalpindi City on south-west side originating near I-Series of Islamabad and terminating at Rawat Junction (Suparco) at G.T. Road up to Pirwadhai and New Islamabad Airport after crossing Motorway and Islamabad Highway, based on requirements as predicted in the Master Plan, land use plan, growth of income, future land uses pattern, OD travel pattern, expected traffic after the linkage of land commitment etc. This will be followed by Acquisition Plan, Detailed Traffic Engg. as per cross section based on requirement of future land use pattern as included in Rawalpindi Master Plan, economic evaluation / BOT feasibility plan with TOR for system of roll over programme for the future investment in transportation and road infrastructure, rough cost estimate or other related documents / ancillary services as required by Govt. of Punjab / RDA. The length of this urban expressway is 42 km approximately and total cost is 20.00 million.

2. Scope of the project Following are the major tasks of the project to be under taken in the study: Task-I: Feasibility, Selection / verification of Route and its Engg. Surveys in the context of Transportation Plan / Guided Development Plan Task-II: Finalization of Alignment, Documenting the Route Alignment with reference to Land Acquisition Plan, land values & ownership pattern, Preliminary design and Rough Cost Estimate etc. Task-III Economic Evaluation, BOT feasibility and infrastructure investment plan through roll over programme.

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11.3. Lai Expressway Rawalpindi is the premier city adjoining the national capital Islamabad and is center of administrative, industrial, commercial, health and educational activity for northern Punjab. The first 20 years of creation of Islamabad triggered a large scale economy activity in Rawalpindi, as it was particularly the interim capital in place of Islamabad during those years. Unluckily however, the urban facilities which were already insufficient for the people of Rawalpindi were not reinforced. Rawalpindi was left to grow unattended. The Lai Nullah, having a length of about 19 Km in Rawalpindi Metropolitan area, bisects the central part of Rawalpindi. The tributaries of the Lai Nullah originated from the Margalla Hills, flow through the city of Islamabad and Rawalpindi. The Nullah Lai then flows through the centre of Rawalpindi and is confluent with the Soan River at 18 Km downstream from Rawalpindi. Islamabad is at the Margalla foot hills. The total catchments area of Nullah Lai is 238square Km. where as the surroundings of Nullah Lai can be defined as mixed land uses, enchroachments, non standardized infrastructure support, unbalanced land use transport interaction, and sewerage and solid waste disposal in the Nullah. During the unusual/devastating rainfall and flood of July 2001 which caused unprecedented damage to human life and property, it was decided to improve/widen/remodel the Nullah Lai for mitigation of flood. Lai Nullah was desisted and widened to improve discharge to cater 25 year flood but to cater for 100 years flood discharge channel needs more widening/deepening. The project envisages construction of road astride bank of Lai Nullah while catering for optimum/required flow capacity. The present state of Nullah Lai is as under: a. Top width 47 to 70 m b. Bottom width 24 to 46 m c. Average depth 7.5 m d. Flow capacity at Kattarian Bridge 21,000 Cusecs e. Chaklala Bridge 35,000 Cusecs f. ROW 56 to 79 m

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12. INSIDE RAWALPINDI

12.1. Famous Historical Places

12.1.1. Lai Nullah

The Lai Nullah flows zigzagging through the city. An early edition of the Encyclopaedia Britannica describes the Lai Nullah as a river. Until 1923, according to the old timers, the water of the Lai was crystal clear and considered fit for human consumption or performing ablutions. At that time, the city drains were not allowed to be discharged into the Lai as all the nullahs were supposed to flow toward depression on the other side of the Arya Mohalla running along the Murree Road. Now it has been reduced to a carrier of sewage of the twin cities. Heavy amounts of industrial wastes combined with the domestic refuse are deposited in Lai. The presence of two factors had made the Lai water highly polluted and rendered it unsafe even for agricultural use in the suburbs of the city. And, pungency of the flowing water has made the life of those living beside the nullah miserable.

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12.1.2. The Mall

Rawalpindi's Thandi Sarak, better known as The Mall - the glory of the cantonment - with its row upon row of the senior Cypresses and seasonal flower beds, was formally inaugurated in 1910 with the beautifully sculpted statue of Queen Victoria standing majestically at the convergence point of the Murree Road on The Mall in close vicinity of the flashman's. The statue was chiseled in the United Kingdom in 1906. After independence, the statue was shifted from The Mall to the British High Commission.

12.1.3. Lal Haveli

In old times, Rawalpindi had developed a unique architectural style. Both in the older quarters of the city and cantonment, it was considered fashionable to have wooden balconies with intricately designed motifs. It is located in the neighbor hood of the Purana Qilla, Sarafa Bazaar, Bohar Bazaar and Moti Bazaar. In 1920 in the pre-partition days, it was home to Budhana Bibi, a famous dancing girl.

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12.1.4. Purana Qilla

Enter the old part of the city and you will find yourself in archetypal form of an ancient town - crooked and narrow streets, dense housing, intricate woodwork on Jharokas, bay windows and doors, cut brick corbellings. Like Multan, Pakpattan or Lahore, the old quarters of the city, better known as the Purana Qilla, have a series of alleys with some of them being so narrow that they barely leave enough space for two people to walk side by side at the same time. At least there is one street through which only one person can walk. It is the entire urban fabric of the place that is historic. There is still a chance of seeing specimen of solid old masonry in construction of some of the old buildings. Homes have also retained their essential trait despite renovations to make them comfortable for modern living and their division for growing population.

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12.2. FAMOUS Hotels There is a wide range of accommodation. Modern, well equipped Hotels in Rawalpindi

12.2.1. Pearl Continental Hotel *****

Pearl Continental Hotel the only deluxe hotel in Rawalpindi area. This hotel is situated a 5 minutes drive from the airport and in the close proximity to the downtown shopping centers. One of the largest chain of hotels within Pakistan.

12.2.2. Shalimar Hotel ****

Shalimar, an impressive & centrally air-conditioned 4-star hotel houses 100 luxuriously refurnished rooms and suites, tastefully appointed and equipped with all modern facilities.

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12.2.3. Akbar International ***

Located on Liaquat road, Rawalpindi. The Hotel offers all the basic facilities.

12.2.4. Flashman’s Hotel

12.2.5. Hotel Civic

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12.3. Famous Restaurants

12.3.1. Lasania Restaurant city

Located on Murree Road Saddar, Rawalpindi.

12.3.2. La Rosh Hotel

Committee Chowk, Rawalpindi.

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12.4. FAMOUS FAST FOODS

12.4.1. KFC - International - (Rawalpindi)

Adamjee Road, Saddar, Murree Road, Rawalpindi.

12.4.2. Sub Way - International

Near KFC, Saddar, Murree Road. Rawalpindi.

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12.5. Roads In Rawalpindi City 1. Adamjee Road 2. Liaquat Road 3. Adiala Road 4. Mall Road

5. Airport Road 6. Murree Road

Murree Road(Under pass)

7. Bank Road

8. Peshawar Road 9. Canning Road 10. Police Station Road 11. Haider Road 12. Railway Road

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13. Harding Road 14. College Road

15. Tipu Road

16. Jhelum Road 17. Tulsa Road 18. Kashmir Road

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12.6. Famous Markets/ Bazaars Nankari Bazar

Panorama Centre

Rabi Centre

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Raja Bazaar

Sabzi Mandi

Urdu Bazar

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Mohsin Sons

Imperial Market

Gulf Market

Fashion ka Ghar

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Commercial Market

Motchi Bazar

China Market

Bara Market

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Posh

Chen One

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Moti Bazar

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12.7. Ancient Rawalpindi

Rawalpindi is an ancient city. There are many old buildings, houses and narrow streets. These exactly elaborate the culture of past decades. There is need to save these buildings as these are our culture.

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Statue of Queen Victoria on Mall

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The Mall

Lockhart Monument

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Bridge on the Soan River

12.8. Libraries and Museums Cantonment Library Cantt. Library is located adjacent to the Rawalpindi Cantonment Board office, off the Mall.

Glorious Rawalpindi


Municipal Library Municipal Library is located on the Murree Road, adjacent to Liaquat Bagh. It has over 30,000 books which are updated at regular interval.

Glorious Rawalpindi


12.9. Museums PAK ARMY MUSEUM RAWALPINDI Iftikhar Khan Janjua Road , Rawalpindi.

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12.10. Banking Institutions in Rawalpindi 1. Bank Alfalah Limited Rawalpindi

2. Habib Bank Limited Rawalpindi.

Glorious Rawalpindi


3. The Bank of Punjab, Rawalpindi.

4. Zarai Taraqiati Bank Ltd. Rawalpindi. 5. Albarka Islamic Bank Rawalpindi. 6. Meezan Bank Limited Rawalpindi. 7. Allied Bank Limited Rawalpindi. 8. Askari Bank Limited Rawalpindi. 9. Bank Al Habib Limited Rawalpindi. 10. My Bank Limited Rawalpindi. 11. Citi Bank N A. Rawalpindi Rawalpindi. 12. Faysal Bank Limited Rawalpindi. 13. First women Bank Limited Rawalpindi. 14. Industrial Deve. Bank of Pakistan 15. Habib Metropolitan Bank Rawalpindi. 16. MCB Bank Limited Rawalpindi. 17. PICIC Commercial Bank Limited Rawalpindi. 18. KASB Bank Limited Rawalpindi. 19. ABN Amro Bank (Pak) Limited Rawalpindi. 20. Saudi Pak Comm. Bank Rawalpindi. 21. SME Bank Limited Rawalpindi. 22. Soneri Bank Limited Rawalpindi. 23. Standard Chartered Bank Pak Rawalpindi 24. United Bank Limited Rawalpindi. 25. Punjab Provincial Co Bank Limited Rawalpindi. 26. NIB Bank Limited Rawalpindi 27. Atlas Bank Limited Rawalpindi. 28. Askari Commercial Bank (Islamic) Rawalpindi. 29. Bank Alfalah Islamic Rawalpindi 30. Dubai Islamic Bank Pak Rawalpindi. 31. National Bank of Pakistan Rawalpindi. 32. State Bank of Pakistan Rawalpindi.

Glorious Rawalpindi


12.11. Famous Chowk

Ammar Chowk

Chandni Chowk

Flashman Square

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12.12. Beautiful Mosque of Rawalpindi

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12.13. Great Mourning Days in the Rawalpindi’s History Ojri Camp

Nineteen years ago, on April 10, 1988 the military ammunition depot at Ojhri Camp, Rawlapindi, blew up and unleashed an inferno that sent all sorts of rockets all over Rawalpindi and into neighboring Islamabad. It also let to a sequence of events that led to the ouster of then Prime Minister Mohammed Khan Junejo and, depending on which conspiracy theorist you believe, to the death of then President General Mohammad Zia ul Haq.

19 years ago, on the 10th April 1988 Ojhrii dump in Rawalpindi was blown up. This was a deliberate act of destruction. Hundreds upon hundreds of missiles rained down on Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Over 5000 people were killed. Many, many thousands more were injured.

It was clear, now, that it was Ojhri. That it was an ammunition dump. Everyone knew that this was related to the Afghanistan operation and ISI controlled the location. Soon, the politics also began becoming clear and before long Mohammed Khan Junejo was booted out. But that was the extent of it.

Theories abound, but it remains unclear exactly what happened? Who did what? How? Why?

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Flood 2001 The floods generated by Nala Lai have remained a great source of damage to life and property in Rawalpindi city. The great havoc of 2001 also became a cause for the great loss of 65 human lives, innumerable cattle and property worth Rs.23 Billion. On July 23, 2001, an unprecedented rainfall of 620 mm occurred over Islamabad and Rawalpindi in a span of about 10 hours. The flood had caused the worst damage in the basin including death of 74 people and the complete or partial destruction of about 3000 houses.

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12.14. Political Structure

Political structure of the city is as follows:

Glorious Rawalpindi


Glorious Rawalpindi


13. WATER RESERVOIR

13.1. RAWAL LAKE

This glistening man-made lake covers an area of 8.8 sq. km. The terraced garden and the lake are ideal for picnic, fishing and boating. The highest point in the garden commands a panoramic view of the lake, Margalla and Murree hills, Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The Rawal Lake is the main source of water supply for Rawalpindi city and cantonment. Rawal dam is constructed on Kurrang river and has a catchments area of 106 sq miles, which generates 84,000 acre feet of water in an average rainfall year. There are four major streams and 43 small streams contributing to its storage. The total storage capacity is 47,500 acre feet (12994 MG). Live storage is 43,000 acre feet (11763 MG). Highest flood level is 1752 feet. Rawal Lake and its catchments area are key resources for Rawalpindi and for the region as a whole. Proper management of this resource is important if full benefits are to be gained and maintained for the future. Most obvious benefit of the resources is the provision of water supplies for Rawalpindi

A View of Rawal Dam

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Rawal_Dam.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Rawal_Dam.jpg

Glorious Rawalpindi


13.2. Misriot Dam Misriot dam is located 12 km southwest of Rawalpindi. This small dam has an artificial lake with boating and fishing facilities. Fishing permit may be obtained from fishing guard at Misriot. It has a pleasant landscape and walkways beyond the lake among eruptions of black rocks.

13.3. Jawa Dam This dam was designed to irrigate 800 acres of land with irrigation requirement of 0.783 MCM at cropping intensity of 100%. Jawa dam which operational in 1997. Since its inception, the dam received almost constant inflow till 2000. However, after 2000, the inflow decreased gradually most probably due to decreased in rainfall. Except for the year 1998 and 2002, the outflow has been less than the inflow. Because this dam is built on a perennial stream, it received regular and constant flow throughout the year. However, the flow was relatively high in June to August, due to monsoon. The total average annual inflow to dam is 0.687 MCM, whereas, outflow is 0.777 MCM. In this case the discharge is more than the inflow. However, the available irrigation supply from the dam is almost equal the designed irrigation requirement of 0.783 MCM. Therefore, in general, the available water is sufficient to irrigate the designed area.

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SATELLITE PICTURE OF RAWALPINDI

Source: Google

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MAPS OF RAWALPINDI

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Glorious Rawalpindi


References: WEB a. Wikipedia Encyclopedia, encyclopedia b. Pindiplus c. Worldisround d. Pindionline e. www.geocities.com f. HEC g. PTCL h. IESCO i. SNGPL j. WASA k. EDHI Foundation l. Darul aman m. Pak Army Museum, Rawalpindi n. Rawalpindi-City.blogspot.com o. Virtualglobetrottiong.com p. Nrb q. www.rawalpindi.gov.pk r. travel.mapsofworld.com s. pakistanpeadia.com t. www.absoluteastronomy.com Books & Etc. a. EDO Health, Rawalpindi b. EDO Education, Rawalpindi c. Cities, Engines of Growth (PIDE) Quid-e-Azam University d. Statistics Division, Govt. of Pakistan e. Rawalpindi Potentials and Prospects (RCCI) f. Directorate of Industries, Punjab g. Railway Station, Rawalpindi h. Post Office, Rawalpindi i. Rawalpindi Development Authority j. TEVTA k. Rawalpindi Development authority (RDA) l. Rescue 1122 m. Municipal Library n. Army Museum o. District Census Report of Rawalpindi, 1998 p. City Report, Rawalpindi, Population & Housing Censes 1998 q. State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) r. WASA S. SMEDA

http://www.rawalpindi.gov.pk/

http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/

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