100

umciresobebi

mravalferovani saqarTveloarCil qiqoZe

msoflioSi bevrad meti eTnosia (erovneba), vidre saxelmwifo.

ufro metic, istoriis manZilze mravali saxelmwifo samudamod

gaqra, xolo bevri eTnosi sruliad gaiTqvifa sxva xalxebSi. arse-

bobs Cvenze bevrad mravalricxovani erebi (magaliTad, qurTebi,

romlebic TiTqmis 40 milioni arian), romelTac arasodes hqoniaT

sakuTari saxelmwifo. amis gaTvaliswinebiT SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom

Cven `gagvimarTla~ – qarTvelebi dRemde varsebobT da gvaqvs Cveni

saxelmwifo – saqarTvelo, romlis sazRvrebi istoriis manZilze

mudam icvleboda, zogjer aseTi qveyana sruliad qreboda xang-

Zlivi droiT, magram ukve oc welze metia Cven isev vcxovrobT da-

moukidebel saxelmwifoSi – saqarTveloSi, rac garkveul pasuxis-

mgeblobebs gvaniWebs, radgan xangrZlivi istoriuli pauzis Semdeg

Cven isev gavxdiT sakuTari bedis ganmkargvelebi. Cven gvakisria

pasuxismgebloba saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi moqalaqeebis mimarT

da maT Soris (Tu ara gansakuTrebulad) aq mcxovrebi eTnikuri

(erovnuli) umciresobebis mimarTac, radgan eTnikuri umciresobe-

bi – patara Tu didi jgufebi – yvelaze mgrZnobiare arian ama Tu im

cvlilebis mimarT da yvelaze mZafrad reagireben maTze.

eTnoss uwodeben saerTo kulturuli da socialuri tradiciis mqone socialur jgufs.

erovnebas iseve, ro-gorc ers ori gansxvave-buli mniSvneloba aqvs – eTnikuri da, zogadi, politikuri. pirveli mniSvnelobiT eri eTno-sis arsebobis formasa da mis socialur organi-zacias aRniSnavs, xolo erovneba eTnikuri mi-kuTvnebulobis gamomx-atvelia.

Aazerbaijaneli mwyemsebi

100 101

mravalferovani saqarTvelo

mravalferovani saqarTvelo

saqarTvelo mravalerovani Tu, rogorc ufro xSirad vambobT,

mravaleTnikuri qveyanaa. ase iyo mudam da ase iqneba momavalSi.

amaSi gasakviri araferia. eTnikuri sazRvrebi iSviaTad emTxveva

saxelmwifo sazRvrebs, xolo monoeTnikuri (sadac mxolod erTi

erovnebis xalxi cxovrobs) qveynebi ufro gamonaklisia, vidre

Cveulebrivi movlena da, Sesabamisad, Zalian cotaa msoflioSi.

monoeTnikuri saxelmwifosken swrafva saxifaTo utopiaa, romel-

sac Zalian cudisken – nacionalizmis ukiduresi formisken mivya-

varT. es seni ki erTxel ukve moixada msofliom da samudamod dag-

mo.

da mainc, miuxedavad im gamocdilebisa, romelic kacobriobas

daugrovda, mainc gauTaveblad meordeba erTi da igive Secdomebi

da msoflios ama Tu im kuTxeSi mudmivad xdeba konfliqtebi, sadac

sxvadasxva erovnebis warmomadgenlebi upirispirdebian erTmaneTs.

es aris namdvili ubedureba, saxelmwifoTa Soris omze kidev ufro

uaresi da daundobeli, radgan saxelmwifoebma SeiZleba moilapa-

rakon da cecxli Sewyviton, eTnikuri konfliqtebi ki swored

susti da umwifari saxelmwifoebis SigniT xdeba, TiTqos arsaidan

Cndeba (Tumca yovelTvis aqvs winapiroba) da misi SeCereba Zalian

Znelia. mezobeli upirispirdeba mezobels, guSindeli megob rebi,

klaselebi barikadebis sxvadasxva mxares xvdebian, orive mxri-

dan pirvelebi omSi uangarod CarTuli idealisti axalgazrdebi

iRupebian, xolo orive mxares patriotul lozungebs amofare-

buli kriminalebi Zarcvaven, daundoblad anadgureben sxva eTni-

kuri warmomavlobis kacebs, qalebs, bavSvebs. eTnikuri wmenda da

misi ukiduresi forma, genocidi, swored eTnikuri konfliqtebis

saSineli Sedegia.

da kidev, eTnikur konfliqtebSi ar arsebobs gamarjvebuli. uc-

naurad JRers, magram mwams, rom asea. marTalia, erTi mxare marcx-

deba, kargavs saxl-kars, qonebas, iqceva ltolvilad, magram es su-

lac ar niSnavs, rom meore mxare gamarjvebulia. nebismier miwaze,

sadac moxda eTnikuri konfliqti, is eTnikuri jgufi, romelmac

meore dajabna, Tavs komfortulad ver grZnobs. aseT teritorieb-

ze ar viTardeba biznesi da turizmi, investorebi fuls ar deben,

radgan yvelam icis, rom konfliqti mxolod gayinulia da ara –

dasrulebuli. `gamarjvebuls~ ara aqvs stabilurobis SegrZneba,

uxifaTo xvalindeli dRis imedi, omiT mopovebuli miwa mas bed-

monoeTnikur saxelmwifo- Si ZiriTadi eris xvedriTi wi li mTeli mosaxleobis 99 pro cents aRemateba. msofli-os 190 saxelmwifodan aseTi mxolod TerTmetia: ungreTi, islandia da portugalia – ev-ropaSi, samxreT korea da ko-reis saxalxo-demokratiuli respublika – aziaSi, madagas-kari da san-tomes da prinsipis respublika – afrikaSi, haiti – laTinur amerikaSi da tonga – okeaneTSi.

Qsomexi QqaliQ, Qmxatvari Qm.Q tilke.Q1910

102

nierebas ver aniWebs. damarcxebuli mxare mudmivad revanSis (Su-

risZiebis) survliTaa Sepyrobili da axal Sanss, axal naperwkals

elodeba. am revanSis wyurviliT izrdeba axali Taobac, romlis-

Tvisac TvaliT arasdros nanaxi dakarguli samSoblo da saxl-kari

miTiur samoTxed iqceva. xSirad gayinuli eTnikuri konfliqtebi

aTwleulebis mere grZeldeba da axal sisxls, axal ubedurebas

iwvevs.

risTvis damWirda amxela Sesavali? ra Tqma unda, mkiTxvelis

SesaSineblad – ara. Cven vcxovrobT kavkasiaSi – mravaleTnikur,

mravalenovan, sxvadasxva aRmsareblobis regionSi. es kulturu-

li mravalferovneba kavkasias did xibls aniWebs. amave dros is

SeiZleba iyos xifaTis matarebeli. piradad me sabWoTa kavSirSi

gavizarde, am qveyanaSi Tvrameti wlis asakamde vicxovre da kargad

maxsovs is dro, rodesac sabWoTa kavSiris xalxebs `moZme erebs~

uwodebdnen. is tyuili iyo, xolo moZme erebis erToba – iZulebiTi.

ase rom ar yofiliyo, sabWoTa kavSiris ngrevisTanave moZme erebis

warmomadgenlebi ase sastikad ar daereodnen erTmaneTs. mizezTa

moloknebi iseve, ro-gorc duxoborebi da staroverebi qris-tiani seqtantebi arian, romlebic ewinaaRmde-gebodnen samxedro sam-saxurs da uaryofdnen saero wesebs. isini me-fis ruseTis dros, me-19 saukuneSi, gadmoasaxles imperiis Soreul kun-WulSi – saqarTveloSi. maTi didi nawili ninow-mindis raionSi, aseve dmanisSi dasaxlda.

duxobori qalebi

umciresobebi

102

gamo, yvelaze meti konfliqti kavkasiis regionSi moxda. yarabaRis,

samxreT oseTis da afxazeTis konfliqtTa Sedegebi dResac mou-

SuSebel Wrilobad atyvia samxreT kavkasias. meoce saukunis oTx-

mocdaaTiani wlebis dasawyisSi Camoyalibebis procesSi myofma kav-

kasiurma saxelmwifoebma – somxeTma, azerbaijanma, saqarTvelom

– am konfliqtebis arideba ver SeZles. samarTlianobisTvis unda

iTqvas, rom sabWoTa kavSiris samarTalmemkvidre ruseTi erTader-

Ti Zala iyo, romelmac am omebiT ixeira. igi iaraRs awvdida yvela

mxares, xolo zogierTs ufro did daxmarebasac uwevda. areuli

da daulagebeli kavkasia, sadac Tavad arbitrisa da mSvidobismyo-

felis rolSi gamovidoda, Cvens Crdiloel mezobels awyobda maSin

da awyobs dResac, magram Tavad kavkasiur saxelmwifoebs, konf-

liqtSi CarTul eTnosebs, azerbaijanlebs, somxebs, qarTvelebs,

afxazebs, osebs da maT mmarTvel elitebs da maT inteleqtualebs

– mecnierebs, mwerlebs, reJisorebs – yvelas, visac avtoriteti

hqonda da sityva eTqmoda, ar eyo sibrZne da SorsmWvreteloba, rom

ubedureba Tavidan aecilebina.

sxvaTa Soris, im dros kavkasiaSi momxdari konfliqtebis arsi da

winapirobebi ar iyo erTgvarovani, zogi konfliqti ufro didxans

mwifdeboda, zogi ufro spontanurad moxda, zogis Tavidan arideba

ufro rTuli iqneboda, zogis ki, albaT, SesaZlebeli iyo. eTnikuri

konfliqtis Tavidan acilebis universaluri meqanizmi albaT arc

arsebobs, magram arsebobs ori `jadosnuri~ sityva – pativiscema

da integracia da, vfiqrob, am or sityvaSi mSvidobiani da megobru-

li Tanacxovrebis mTavari winapirobebi imaleba.

urTierTis kulturis, tradiciebis codna da maTi pativiscema

marTlac uebari wamalia. aba, davfiqrdeT, ra cota ram viciT Cvens

gverdiT mcxovrebi eTnikuri jgufebis Sesaxeb. xSirad Cveni cod-

na am jgufebis, erovnebebis Sesaxeb mxolod garkveul stereoti-

pebzea damyarebuli. stereotipi ki yovelTvis zerelea – faqtob-

rivad igivea, rac anegdoti. saerTod, kavkasielebs gamZafrebuli

aqvT erovnuli identobis grZnoba. qarTvelebi Zalian vamayobT

sakuTari warsuliT, kulturiT da zustad ase arian sxvebic. ara-

sodes moeqce sxvas ise, rogorc ar ginda, rom Tavad mogeqcnen. Cven

patara xalxi varT da amitom gvaqvs mudmivi SiSi sxvebSi gaTqvefis,

sakuTari identobis dakargvisa. xandaxan es SiSi sakmaod paranoi-

dul xasiaTs iRebs. axla warmoidgineT, rom arseboben Cvenze pa-

tara xalxebic imave SiSebiT da identobis iseTive mZafri grZno-

biT. xSirad Cven maT Sesaxeb araferi viciT. arada sainteresoa...

iciT, rom kaxeTSi, yvarlis raionis sofel zinobianSi, cxovro-

ben udiebi, romlebic mTel msoflioSi sul aTi aTasi arian. dRe-

vandeli azerbaijanis da nawilobriv aRmosavleT saqarTvelos

vainaxi – CeCnebisa da inguSebis saerTo saxel-wodebaa da niSnavs `Cvens xalxs~. am terminiT es monaTesave xalxebi Ta-vianT Tavs CrdiloeT kavkasiis sxva eTnose-bisagan gamoyofdnen. ramdenadac vainaxebi uSualod emezoblebod-nen saqarTvelos, ker-Zod ki, TuSeTsa da xev-sureTs, teritoriuli siaxlove xels uwyobda vainaxuri tomebis qar-Tul TemebSi Serevas. Sua saukuneebidan qarTulSi mkvidrdeba termini qis-ti, romelSic igulisxme-ba rogorc CeCnebi, aseve inguSebi. amave dros qistebad iwodeba panki-sis xeobaSi gadmosuli da kompaqturad mosaxle CeCnuri warmomavlobis eTnikuri jgufi, Tum-ca zogierTi mecnieri qistebs calke vainaxur tomad miiCnevs. sofeli duisi pankisis xeobaSi yvelaze adreuli qistu-ri dasaxleba unda iyos.

mravalferovani saqarTvelo

Qudi, Qmxatvari Qm.Q tilke.Q1910

103

104

teritoriaze odesRac arsebobda saxelmwifo albaneTi, romelic

msoflio rukidan arabTa Semosevebis Sedegad gaqra, gaqrnen alba-

nelebic, romelTa STamomavlebad swored udiebi miiCnevian...

saerTod, alaznis marcxena napiri, sadac zinobiani mdebareobs,

axmetis raionidan moyolebuli vidre lagodexamde, didi eTniku-

ri mravalferovnebiT gamoirCeva. Cvens mkiTxvels albaT gaugia

pankisis xeoba, sadac qistebi (rogorc saqarTveloSi veZaxiT), anu

vainaxebi – CeCnebisa da inguSebis monaTesave xalxi, cxovroben, ma-

gram pankisic gagvigia mxolod politikuri viTarebebis gamo, Ta-

vad qistTa yofaze, maT wes-Cveulebebsa da adaTze bevri araferi

viciT. pankisidan rom alaznis marcxena napirs davuyveT, qarTul

soflebSi mimobneul sxvadasxva erovnebis Temebs movinaxulebT

– osuri juRaani da wiwkanaanTseri, avaruli soflebi Tivi, CanT-

lisyure da saruso... avarelebi daRestnis yvelaze didi eTnosia.

iseve, rogorc sxva daRestnur tomebs, qarTvelebi lekebs (mom-

dinareobs erT-erTi daRestnuri tomis `lakebis~ saxelwodebidan)

uwodeben, an arada erTi bewo daRestani swored rom msoflios

gamorCeuli kuTxea eTnikuri mravalferovnebiT. daRestanSi oc-

daaTze meti ena (da ara dialeqti) gvxvdeba... sakmarisia gzidan ga-

davuxvioT da am samidan romelime avarul sofelSi SevideT, rom

aRmovCndebiT CvenTvis ucxo samyaroSi, romelzec araferi viciT

da romelsac araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar unda vufrTxodeT – piriqiT.

Cem CamoTvlil nebismier sofelSi stumars sixaruliT iReben.

es xom kavkasiaa, adgili, sadac stumari RvTis saCuqrad iTvleba.

CanTlisyureli avareli iqneba es Tu pankiseli qisti, mxolod gaxa-

rebuli darCeba, Tuki vinme maTi yofiT an problemebiT dainteres-

deba.

`lekuri~ soflebis gavlis Semdeg, Tuki lagodexisken gava-

grZelebT gzas, jer Cven mier ukve naxseneb udiur zinobians ga-

vivliT, mere ki – azerbaijanlebis uzarmazar sofels, kabals. mTa-

vari gzidan odnav Tu gadavuxvevT, imave lagodexis raionSi rusi

molokanebis patara dasaxlebas – grafovkasac vnaxavT. aRsaniS-

navia, rom am soflebis arseboba bevrma arc ki icis da ise Cauvlis

gverds, rom verc ki gaigebs, rom aq gansxvavebuli enis, warmoSobis

da adaTis xalxi cxovrobs, an arada – sainteresoa. mravalferovne-

ba yovelTvis sainteresoa da hoda, kvira dRes, Tuki yvarlis raio-

nis sofel axalsoflis siaxloves moxvdebiT, aucileblad ewvieT

axalsoflis bazrobas, sadac regionis eTnikur mravalferovnebas

mTeli Tavisi mSvenierebiT ixilavT...

axla ki cota xniT Tavi davaneboT saqarTvelos regionebs da

gadmovinacvloT mis dedaqalaqSi, TbilisSi, sadac saukuneebis

manZilze gverdi-gverd cxovroben qarTvelebi, somxebi, iezidi Qudi, Qmxatvari Qm.Q tilke.Q1910

avareli qali, Qmxatvari Qm.Q tilke.Q1910

umciresobebi

104 105

qurTebi, qristiani asirielebi (aisorebi), ebraelebi, azerbaijan-

lebi, polonelebi, rusebi... metsac getyviT, didi xnis manZilze

Cveni dedaqalaqis mosaxleobis umetesobas somxebi Seadgendnen.

mTeli mecxramete saukune da meocis dasawyisi swored Tbilisi, da

ara erevani, iyo somxuri kulturis centri, xolo somxuri salite-

raturo enis safuZveli swored Tbilisuri somxuri dialeqti

gaxda, rogorc, magaliTad, qarTuli saliteraturo enis safuZ-

veli gaxda qarTluri dialeqti. Tbiliss araerTi saamayo somexi

erovnebis msoflio moqalaqe hyolia, iqneboda es mecenati Tu kul-

mravalferovani saqarTvelo

avareli qalebi

106

turis moRvawe. rad Rirs Tundac mwerali ovanes Tumaniani an reJisori sergei

farajanovi, romelTa danatovari ukve didi xania gascda somxuri an qarTuli

kulturis farglebs da msoflio kulturuli memkvidreobis nawilia. iyo dro,

roca TbilisisTvis namdvilad ar kmaroda mxolod saqarTvelos dedaqalaqoba.

is Zveli Tbilisi, romelsac kidev didi xani nostalgiiT ixsenebdnen poetebi,

kavkasiis dedaqalaqic iyo, namdvili kosmopolisi – qalaqi, romlis moqalaqeo-

ba ufro mets niSnavs, vidre romelime eTnikuri jgufis kuTvnileba. am qalaqs

mravali mexotbe hyavda da maTSi gamorCeulia warmoSobiT somexi poeti saiaT-

nova, romelic Tavis leqsebs somxur, azerbaijanul, qarTul da sparsul enebze

werda, Tanac erT leqsSi SeeZlo oTxive ena gamoeyenebina.

iezidi qalebi

umciresobebi

106 107

im Zveli Tbilisisgan mxolod legendaRa darCa. Cvens dedaqalaq-

Si dResac cxovroben sxvadasxva warmomavlobis da aRmsareblo-

bis adamianebi, magram dakargulia qalaqis saerTo kosmopolitu-

ri suli. sxvadasxva eTnikuri jgufi marginalur sazogadoebebad

arseboben da Cven maT praqtikulad ar vxvdebiT, TiTqmis araferi

viciT maT Sesaxeb.

da ai, aq nabij-nabij mivediT integraciis problemamde, anu iqam-

de, Tu raoden arian CarTuli sxvadasxva erovnuli umciresobe-

bi sazogadoebriv-politikur cxovrebaSi, ra monawileobas iRe-

ben isini sakuTari qalaqis, regionis, qveynisTvis mniSvnelovani

sakiTxebis gadaWraSi.

Tavidanve vityvi, rom am CarTulobis xarisxi Zalian mcirea. es,

erTi mxriv, Zalze cudia da amasTan erTad Zalze cudad Cans gare-

dan. Cveni politikosebi pirvelis ara, magram meore xarvezis gas-

worebas mudmivad cdiloben: magaliTad, Cvens parlamentSi mud-

mivad arian azerbaijanuli da somxuri erovnebis deputatebi.

ratom es ori erovneba? imitom, rom swored azerbaijanlebi da

somxebi warmoadgenen saqarTvelos yvelaze did araqarTvel eTni-

kur jgufebs. ufro metic, Cvens qveyanaSi aris ori regioni, sadac

am ori erovnebis xalxi umravlesobas warmoadgens. es regionebia

qvemo qarTli (marneulis da nawilobriv gardabnis da bolnisis

raionebi) – azerbaijanelTa SemTxvevaSi da javaxeTi (axalqalaqis

da ninowmindis raionebi) – somexTa SemTxvevaSi. mTlianad azerbai-

januli mosaxleoba saqarTvelos mosaxleobis 6,5 procents Sead-

gens, xolo somxuri – 5,7 procents. es ar aris mcire cifrebi da

sergo farajanovi (1924-1990) – XX saukunis didi reJisori, qarTuli da sabWoTa kinos SesaniSna-vi warmomadgeneli, eT-nikurad somexi, daibada da gaizarda TbilisSi, cxovrebis didi nawil-ic TbilisSi gaatara. dakrZalulia erevanSi. avtoria cnobili filme-bisa: `aSik-qeribi~ (1988), `ambavi suramis cixisa~ (1984), `saiaTnova~ (1968), `miviwyebuil winapar-Ta aCrdilebi~ (1962), `ukrainuli rafsodia~ (1961) da sxva.

saiaTnova (namdvili sa-xe li – aruTiun saiaTiani) (1712-1795) – saqarTve-loSi moRvawe eTnikurad somexi poeti, aSuRi, mom-Rerali. werda da lapa-rakobda remdenime enaze. erekle II-is karis momRe-rali, romelic, gadmo-cemiT, diplomatis funq-ciasac asrulebda. mefis qaliSvilis siyvaru lis gamo karis samsaxuri da-karga da danarCeni cxov-reba gzaSi xetialsa da simReraSi galia. 1768 wels berad Sedga axpat-Si (somxeTi), drodadro ubrundeboda Tbiliss. dakrZalulia Tbilisis surfgevorqis eklesiaSi.

mravalferovani saqarTvelo

somexi didvaWris TamamSevisQ bebiebi, QTamamSevaQ daQmirimanova.Q1898

108

somxur-azerbaijanuli mosaxleoba diaxac imsaxurebs

imas, rom sakanonmdeblo organoSi sakuTari warmomad-

geneli hyavdes. es politikosebma kargad ician da dRes

saqarTveloSi, iSviaTi gamonaklisis garda, ar arsebobs

politikuri partia, romelsac Tavis rigebSi am erovne-

baTa warmomadgeneli ar hyavdes. da axla, modi, erTad

gavixsenoT, ismis Tu ara saqarTvelos parlamentSi am

deputatebis xma, moaqvT Tu ara maT sakanonmdeblo or-

ganoSi da, Sesabamisad, Cvenamdec sakuTari xalxis da re-

gionis problemebi. aqve vityvi, rom – ara. rogorc wesi,

parlamentSi moxvedrili araqarTveli deputatebi nak-

lebad Canan, mmarTveli politikuri partiebi icvlebian

da Tavis partiebSi mudam, TiTqos sagangebod, irCeven so-

mexi da azerbaijanuli erovnebis iseT warmomadgenlebs,

romelTac sakuTari xalxis da kuTxis xma da gasaWi ri Cve-

namde ver moaqvT. vfiqrob, problema aris Tavad qarTul

sazogadoebaSic, romelsac am mdgomareobaSi yofna `ur-

Cevnia~, ase ufro komfortulad grZnobs Tavs. oRond

regionebSi problemebi grovdeba, Cven ki amis Sesaxeb

araferi viciT. an iqneb arc gvinda, rom es problemebi

vicodeT, Cveni xelisuflebebis msgavsad ase ufro kom-

fortulad vgrZnobT Tavs.

iezidi, Qmxatvari Qm.Q tilke.1910

iezidi qali, Qmxatvari Qm.Q tilke. 1910

qurTebi wina aziis erT-erTi uZvelesi xalxia. qurTebi Ziri-Tadad muslimebi arian da laparakoben kurmanjize, romelic iranuli enebis Stos miekuTvneba. calkeuli qurTuli tomebis saqarTveloSi XVI saukunidan Cndebian. muslimi qurTebis gar-da saqarTveloSi cxovroben aramuslimi qurTebi – iezidebi, romlebic damoukidebeli saqarTvelos mTavrobam 1918 wels TurqeTidan miiRo, sadac isini religiur-politikur devnas ganicdidnen. iezidebi monoTeistebi – erTi RmerTis mimdevrebi arian.

ovanes Tumaniani (1869-1923) – somexi mwera-li da sazogado moRvawe. man cxovrebis didi nawili saqarTveloSi gaatara. werda leq-sebs, poemebs, moTxrobebs, zRaprebs, iga-vebsa da baladebs. iyo qarTveli da somexi xalxebis megobrobisa da siyvarulis Tav-dadebuli damcveli, qarTvelTa didi gul-Sematkivari.

ai, ras werda mis Sesaxeb mogonebaSi tician tabiZe: `…mis pirovnebaSi iyo didi adamianuri ganaTeba, romelic samuda-mo megobrad xdida, visac is daelaparakeboda…... pirveli ada-miani, romelsac yvelaze ufro awvalebda fiqri somxeTisa da qarTvelebis Zmobaze, iyo ovanes Tumaniani. …didi patrio-toba ar uSlida ovaness yofiliyo qarTvelebis orientaci-isa...… saqveynod cnobilia, rom …roca qarTvel-somexTa omi daiwyo, zogi mis SvilebTagan moxvda erevanSi, ovanes Tuma-nianma ubrZana Svilebs ar mieRoT monawileoba omSi, Torem is maT daswyevlida – es iyo didi siyvarulis aqti...~

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diaxac, dRes saqarTvelos eTnikuri umciresobebis sazogadoeb-

riv da politikur cxovrebaSi integracia Zalze mcirea, xolo eT-

nikurad araqarTuli regionebi xelisuflebas da sazogadoebas,

rogorc wesi, mxolod arCevnebis dros axsendeba xolme. da umete-

sad arCevnebis dros am regionebSi mmarTveli partia imarjvebs imi-

tom, rom aseTi regionebis mosaxleobas cvlilebebi afrTxobs, ase

vTqvaT, `SeCveuli Wiri~ urCevnia xvalindel gaurkvevlobas, ufro

metic, araferi icis mimdinare politikuri movlenebis Sesaxeb,

radgan procesebSi integrirebuli ar aris da, mendeT, imitom ara,

rom integracia ar unda. didwilad maT integracias qarTuli sazo-

gadoeba gaurbis da mere javaxeTSi an qvemo qarTlSi SemTxveviT

moxvedrilebi aRmovaCenT, rom ̀ xedav, qarTuli ar ician!~, ̀ saqarT-

veloSi cxovroben da qarTuli ar ician!~ aseT dros, rogorc wesi,

Cvens aRSfoTebas sazRvari ar aqvs, magram iSviaTad Tu davfiqr-

debiT imaze, Tu ratom ar ician? ratom ar sWirdebaT saxelmwifo

enis codna? ratom cxovroben es adamianebi TviTkmar Temebad da

ratom Semoifargleba maTi qarTulis codna im sityviT, romlebic

Tavisi moyvanili soflis meurneobis produqtebis gasayidad Sei-

Zleba dasWirdeT...

mravalferovani saqarTvelo

faravnis tbasTan mcxovrebi somxebi

109

saqarTveloSi mcxovre-bi berZnebi iyofian e.w pontos berZnebad da urumebad. pirvelad pontos berZnebis dasax-lebebi XVIII saukuneSi Cndeba, rodesac isi-ni erekle meorem Ca-moasaxla aRmosavleT anatoliidan (TurqeTi) axtalis spilenZis, ver-cxlisa da oqros saba-doebis dasamuSaveblad. pontos berZnebi elino-fonebi arian, anu isini laparakoben berZnuli enis pontos dialeqtze. berZnuli sityva `pon-tos~, antikuri tradici-iT, Savi zRvispireTis samxreT da samxreT-aR-mosavleT teritoriis aRsaniSnavad gamoiyene-boda, sadac berZnebma VI saukuneSi dasaxlebebi daarses. elinofonebis ZiriTadi nawili saqarT-veloSi XIX saukunis 50-80-ian wlebSi dasaxlda.

urumebs uwodeben walk-is raionSi macxovrebel Turqulenovan berZnebs. termini `urumi~ ukav-Sirdeba laTinur sity-vas `romas~ da aRniSnavs romaels, anu aRmosav-leT romis imperiis qve-Sevrdoms.

es rTuli Temaa. integracia rTuli

procesia, romelsac sazogadoebis da

mTavrobis didi Zalisxmeva sWirdeba.

advili mxolod urTierTobis gafuWe-

baa, ginda calkeul adamianebs da ginda

xalxebs Soris. amitomac ufrTxildebi-

an wesieri adamianebi sxva adamianebs, maT

grZnobebs, angariSs uweven maT azrebs da

es exeba ukvlebliv yvelafers – ojaxs,

samegobros, sazogadoebas. saqarTveloSi

mcxovrebi eTnikuri umciresobebi Cveni

sazogadoebis nawilia – asec unda iyos,

aseTad unda grZnobdnen Tavs! sxvanairad

Cven qveyanas ver avaSenebT. qveynis aSene-

ba ki erTad mogviwevs. sxva gamosavali ar

gvaqvs.

me gamimarTla. bavSvobidan moyolebu-

li Zalian didi dro gavatare qalaqgareT,

velze, mraval SesaniSnav adamians Sevxv-

di. Cemi Tevzaobis pirveli maswavlebe-

li azerbaijaneli kaci, sofel araxlos

mkvidri magradeli iyo, iSviaTad Semx-

vedria faravnis tbis piras mcxovrebi so-

mexi kacis kirakozisnairi keTili adami-

ani. dRes aRarc erTi cocxali aRar aris,

magram maTi saxe da maTi mogoneba dRem-

de momyveba. javaxeTSi me minadiria rus

duxoborebTan erTad, mTaSi Rame qist

mwyemsebTan miTevia da es Cemi saukeTe-

so mogonebebia. axalgazrdobasac imaves

vusurveb – nu darCebiT stereotipebis

tyveobaSi da nu dagafrTxobT mraval-

ferovneba, romelic Cvens samSoblos

ganumeorebel xibls aniWebs!

berZeni qali walkidan, Qmxatvari Qm.Q tilke.Q1910

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mravalferovani saqarTvelomravalferovani saqarTvelo

qisti mxedari

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