10-automatic identification system - arroyo

7/31/2019 10-Automatic Identification System - Arroyo

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United States Coast GuardOffice of Navigation Systems

Providing navigationsafety information for

Americas waterways

Jorge Arroyo

Office of Navigation Systems

U.S. Coast Guard

Washington, DC

U.S. Army Corp of Engineers & U.S. Coast Guard

Inland Waterways ConferenceCincinnati, OH

March 7th, 2007
http://www.uscg.mil/vtm


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Automatic Identification System (AIS)

Why? What is it?

Who has to have itand will have too?

How does it work and used?

Where do we have coverage?

Nationwide AIS Project (NAIS)

Common Operating Picture (COP)


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Shipboard AIS
http://www.simrad.com/products/large_picture.asp?ID=2243http://www.simrad.com/products/large_picture.asp?ID=2243


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What started the USCG on AIS?

In 1990, Congress passed the Oil Pollution Actwhich participation in VTS mandatory anddirected the USCG to seek ways to have

dependent surveillance of all tankers bound for

Valdez, Alaska.

To that end, in 1993 the USCG developedAutomated Dependent Surveillance Shipboard

Equipment (ADSSE), based on Digital SelectiveCalling (DSC) protocol.


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In 1997, Congressstated that AIStechnology should be the foundation of any

future VTS system and that it stronglybelieves that this technology will

significantly improve navigational safety, notjust in select VTS target ports, but

throughout the navigable waters of the

U.S, and, that we continue working withstakeholders

Congress supports/mandates AIS!


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In 1999, the National Dialog Group, comprised of the

marine private and public representatives, stated they:

strongly endorse the widespread use of AISemploying dGPS and onboard transponder

technologiesthat national use of AIS technology on

the greatest number of vessels is essential both as afoundation of a VTS systemimproving navigationsafetystrongly urge the USCG to take the leadin

developing equipment and procedural standards that

will promote universal use of AIS technology, whichwill be less intrusive and distracting to the mariner

than will a voice-based control system

Industry endorses AIS!


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As of December 31st, 2004, the following must have aproperly installed, operational, type-approved AIS

On international voyage:

Tankers, Passenger > 150 GT, all others ships > 300 GT

Per SOLAS Regulation V/19.2.4

Self-propelled commercial vessels > 65 feet Except fishing and passenger vessels ( 65 feet

Except fishing and passenger vessels ( 26 feet and > 600 hp

Vessel certificated to carry > 150 passengers

AIS Carriage Regulations33 CFR 164.46


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What is AIS?

Autonomous Continuous Station-to-Station Navigation Broadcast System

- 3 modes of operation: automatic/self-reporting, assigned, interrogation/polling

- Open protocol & non-proprietary

- Robust capability: can handle up to 4500 reports per minute

- Frequency agile: any 2 channels in the VHF Marine Band

- Versatile: multiple standard interfaces and display options

Internationally Adopted & Required (IMO SOLAS Regulation V/19.2.4)- Tankers, passenger vessels, and, other ships 300 of gross tonnage or greater

Purpose: collision avoidance, vessel traffic service tool, and, coastal surveillance

Mandated by Congress by the Marine Transportation & Security Act of 2002

- Commercial self-propelled vessels 65 feet or greater;

- Towing Vessels over 26 feet or greater and 600 hp or more;

- Passenger vessels as determined by USCG; and

- those the USCG deems necessary for safety.


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Forthcoming AIS Rule

Announcement published October 31st, 2005

Extend to all U.S. navigable waters Potentially could effect 17,000 vessels.

Commercial self-propelled vessel of > 65 feet

No exceptions

Towing vessel > 26 feet and > 600 hp

Vessels carrying > 50 passengers (vice 150)

Hi-Speed vessels carry > 12 passengers

Certain dredges / floating plants, and

Vessel moving certain dangerous cargoes

Forthcoming rulemaking will address timeline

Reasonable time will be given for installation/use

Waiver provisions already exist

Estimated Expanded

AIS Population

Ships>65ft 2,973

Freight Ship 298

Industrial Ship 748

MODU 210

OSV 553

Research Vessel 97

School Ship 19

Tank Ship 122

Unclassified 385

Unknown 541

Fishing >65ft 5,520

Documented 4,571

Undocumented (est.) 949

Towing>26ft & >600hp 4,560

Passenger 3,235

>65ft 2,167


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ASSEMBLEGathers positioning, heading, vesseldata and assembles it into an AIS

compliant data sentences

READAIS data sentences

may be read/sent on/tomultiple devices

COMMUNICATEBroadcasts and manages

the flow of AIS datasentences

GNSSdGPS

Gyro/Heading

Rate of Turnper SOLAS

requirements

!AIVDM,2,2,7,A,2220D93?;5@fb80,0*64

1 VHF Transceiver3 VHF Receivers- AIS1 Ch.87B- AIS2 Ch.88B

- DSC Ch.70

Time-Division Multiple Access (TDMA)[][][][][][]][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

AIS how

Inputs


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AIS ATONs

Monitors health& position

Improvesavailability byreducing time torespond to

outages becauseof near real timemonitoring.

Improves

visibility to AISequipped vessels.


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Vessel Name Bearing - Range


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See aroundbends

Calculate

encounterzones


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See aroundbends

Calculate

encounterzones


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Bi M d F ti l Id tifi


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Binary Messages and Functional Identifiers

AIS allows the transfer of Binary Messages

a means for communication for external applications General broadcast Addressed to specific station (MMSI)

Results in a Binary Acknowledgement to confirm

that the addressed binary message was received

All binary messages are composed by

an external application on the transmission side

can only be used by the same external applicationconnected to the AIS on the receiver side.


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Meteorological & Hydrological Reporting

Improves the overall safety &efficiency of marine traffic

Some in place since 2002

AIS Event Detection


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AIS Event Detection

Automatic event detection

User specified event types

Flag to indicate status of event

Find vessel involved in event

Forward event information via:

System Integration Module

SMS or email

Speech integrated


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Lock Order Message

Used by SaintLawrenceSeaway since2002

Improvesefficiency, lockutilization,mitigates racing& wait time


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Malaysia DredgeMonitoring Project


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Malaysia Dredge

Monitoring Project


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USACE

Real-time

Current Velocity

Meters

AIS Traffic Analysis & Vessel Traffic Management


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AIS Traffic Analysis & Vessel Traffic Management

The before and after implementation oftraffic separation scheme

Industry is using AIS Washington St. Ferries


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Acceleration/deceleration graphs shows areas of opportunity for fuel savings

European Multi-service Meteorological Awareness system


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RainLow

TempHigh

Temp

Fog

ForestFire

AvalancheSnow

and Ice FloodThunder

storm

Wind

Weather Warnings EMMA Shore to Ship)

uropean Multi-service Meteorological Awareness system


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ignal Status Shore to Ship

Physical configurations

Current U.S. AIS Capabilitynotional coverage


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notional coverage

USCG VTS

- NY/NJ, LMR, HOU/GAL,Tampa, Port Arthur,Berwick Bay, LA/LB, SF,Puget and Prince Wm. Sound

Joint Harbor Operations Centers(USCG/USN JHOC)

MOA with St. Lawrence Seaway

USCG R&D AIS Efforts- Prototype AIS installations and

network

- Coverage analysis and evaluation

- Evaluating AIS & VHF voicecommunications compatibility

Alaska Secure Passive AIS

Gulf of Mexico Offshore Platforms NOAA Weather Buoys with AIS

Commercial Low Earth OrbitSatellite-Orbcomm launch

Daily number of vessels tracked between 3/03 and 3/07


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Different vessels logged by USCG AIS Research Network each day

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2200

2400

2600

2800

3000

3200

3400

3600

3800

4000

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3/27/03 6/27/03 9/27/03 12/27/03 3/27/04 6/27/04 9/27/04 12/27/04 3/27/05 6/27/05 9/27/05 12/27/05 3/27/06 6/27/06 9/27/06 12/27/06

yCoast Guard R&D Center AIS Network

Nation-wide AIS Project Overview

S


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Automatic reception of AIS information (vessel ID, location, speed, and

other navigational information) nationwide out to 2000nm from shore

Transmission of standard messages out to 24nm from shore

Correlation with other vessel and crew database systems for

intelligence and operational decision makers Display information to a Common Operational

Picture (COP) and share with other agencies

One known need: Common Operating Picture plus


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Defense

Operations

Plans

Weather Data

National

Assets

Common

Intelligence

Picture

Force

Deployments

Law Enforcement

Operations Plans

Unclassified

Satellite Photos

Unclassified

Vessel Tracking Data

Maps & Charts

Models

(e.g. radiological dispersion)

Customs

InformationFBI

Information

Maritime Information

for Safety and Law Enforcement

(MISLE) data

Facilities Security

Plans

Port Security

Assessments

AutomaticIdentificationSystem data

UnclassifiedCargo, Crew Data

Port Security

Plans

CommonOperatingPictureplus

News Media


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Nation-wide AIS Project

Display information to a Common OperationalPicture (COP) and share with other agencies


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Display information to a Common OperationalPicture (COP) and share with other agencies


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WWW.NAVCEN.USCG.GOV

USCG AIS

United States Coast Guard
http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/


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NEW

****************************[email protected]

1-202-372-1563

www.navcen.uscg.gov

U.S. Coast Guard


2100 Second St. SW

Washington, DC 20953

What AIS broadcasts
http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/


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Safety Related & Binary Applications SHORT TEXT MESSAGING < 156 characters DATA MESSAGING & BINARY APPLICATIONS

Weather & Hydrological Information- NOAA Physical Oceanographic Real Time System NWS-Real-time weather buoy (C-MAN station) USACE Real-time Current Meter System (RTCM)

Vessel Traffic Service (VTS)- ATON Discrepancies

Distress Alerts Urgent Notices & Warnings Traffic Advisories Radar Overlay / Pseudo-targets Additional Hydro & Meteorological Information

Other possible uses- Aids to Navigation

Search and Rescue Port Partners Lock/Canal operations endless opportunities!

MARITIME MOBILE SERVICE INDENTIFIER

UNIVERSAL TIME STAMP (GPS)

Dynamic Data-every 2-10 seconds per speed and course change

POSITION & ACCURACY (+/-10m)

COURSE OVER GROUND

SPEED OVER GROUND

HEADING

RATE OF TURN

VESSEL IMO NUMBER

COLREG NAVIGATION STATUS

Static & Voyage Data-every 6 minutes or upon change

VESSEL NAME & CALL SIGN

VESSEL TYPE & DIMMENSIONS

STATIC DRAFT

HAZARDOUS CARGO FLAG

DESTINATION & ETA


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GPS Multi-pathError


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False position

from ships AIS

Correct position

from Pilots GPS

Ships Displayed Position

o via Pilot Unit

o via AIS

Note mile offset error


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Ships Displayed Position

o via Pilot Unito via AIS

Note mile offset error

NAIS - System Context Diagram


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DataProcessing

DataProcessing

Storage/ArchiveStorage/Archive

LAN

NAIS ScopeSAR Aircraft

Aids to

Navigation

Aids to

Navigation

Rx/Tx

Rx/Tx

Rx/TxRx/Tx

RxRx

RxRx

RxRx

VHF

Data

Link

WAN & DiverseRemote SiteConnectivity

Commercial

Vessels

Coast Guard Systems C2

Law Enforcement

Intelligence

Marine Safety

Waterways Management

External Users Coast Guard

DHS

Government

Non-government

Cutters and

Deepwater

Assets

Government

Vessels

Recreational

Vessels

Rx/TxPlatform

Rx/Tx

Platform

Rx

Platform

Rx

Platform

Rx

Platform

SystemOperations

Center

10-automatic identification system - arroyo

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